KR20050070309A - Microbiological preparation for treating waste water containing organic nitrogen compounds - Google Patents
Microbiological preparation for treating waste water containing organic nitrogen compounds Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
본 발명은 바실러스 세리우스(Bacillus cereus), 바실러스 투링겐시스(Bacillus thuringiensis), 바실러스 실베스트리스(Bacillus silvestris) 등을 포함하는 수분함량 10% 이내로 동결건조 시킨 미생물 균주 1 중량부 ; 대두분, 맥주 보리분말 또는 밀분으로 구성된 맥류 0.01∼5.0 중량부 ; 인산수소나트륨, 인산수소칼륨, 염화나트륨, 염화마그네슘, 황산알루미늄 등으로 구성된 무기염류 0.001∼0.5 중량부를 포함하는 오폐수 정화용 미생물 제제에 관한 것이다.The present invention is Bacillus cereus ( Bacillus cereus ), Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bacillus thuringiensis ), Bacillus silvestris ( Bacillus silvestris ) including 1 part by weight of the microbial strain lyophilized to less than 10% moisture content; 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of a soybean meal, beer barley powder or wheat flour; The present invention relates to a microbial preparation for wastewater purification comprising 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight of inorganic salts composed of sodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum sulfate, and the like.
Description
본 발명은 유기질소 화합물을 함유한 오폐수 정화용 미생물 제제에 관한 것이다. 더욱 상세하게는 바실러스 세리우스(Bacillus cereus), 바실러스 투링겐시스(Bacillus thuringiensis), 바실러스 실베스트리스(Bacillus silvestris) 등의 미생물을 포함하는 유기질소 화합물을 분해 전환시켜 오폐수를 정화시키는 미생물 제제에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a microbial preparation for wastewater purification containing an organic nitrogen compound. More specifically, the present invention relates to a microbial agent that decomposes and converts organic nitrogen compounds including microorganisms such as Bacillus cereus , Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus silvestris to purify wastewater. .
오폐수 속에 포함된 유기질소 성분은 적절히 처리되지 못하고 방류될 경우 부영양화의 원인이 된다. 일반적으로 사용되는 오폐수 처리 방법은 미생물과 유기물의 복합물인 활성슬러지에 산소를 공급하여 호흡에 의해 물 속의 유기물을 분해시켜 제거하는 것이며, 유기질소제거를 위해서는 산소가 차단된 무산소 반응조가 추가로 필요하다. Organic nitrogen components contained in the waste water can cause eutrophication if discharged without proper treatment. The wastewater treatment method generally used is to supply oxygen to activated sludge, which is a complex of microorganisms and organic matter, to decompose and remove organic matter in water by respiration, and to remove organic nitrogen, an oxygen-free anoxic reaction tank is additionally required. .
유기질소 성분의 제거는 호기성 반응조와 무산소 혐기성 반응조에서의 연속작용에 의해 이루어진다. 우선 산소 존재 하에서는 질산화 미생물이 암모니아성 질소나 유기질소를 질산성 질소로 변화시키게 된다. 무산소 혐기성 상태에서는 질산성 질소가 탈질 미생물에 의해 물에 녹지 않는 질소가스로 바뀌어 공기 중으로 날아감으로써 물 속의 질소 성분이 제거되는 것이다. 때문에 질소 성분의 제거에는 활성이 우수한 질산화 및 탈질 미생물의 존재가 필수적이다. Removal of organonitrogen components is accomplished by continuous action in aerobic and anaerobic anaerobic reactors. First, in the presence of oxygen, nitrifying microorganisms convert ammonia nitrogen or organic nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen. In the anaerobic anaerobic state, nitrate nitrogen is changed to nitrogen gas which is insoluble in water by denitrifying microorganisms and is blown into the air to remove nitrogen components in the water. For this reason, the presence of nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms with good activity is essential for the removal of nitrogen components.
질산화 미생물은 유기물을 분해하는 일반적인 종속영양세균에 비해 생장 속도가 1/10 정도로 낮아 대부분의 오폐수 처리과정 동안에 효율적으로 질소제거가 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 한편, 탈질 과정은 질산성 질소의 존재와 유기물에 의해서만 영향을 받으므로 산소의 차단과 전자의 공급원(electron donor)이 되는 충분한 양의 유기물만 있다면 쉽게 이루어진다. 따라서 가장 중요한 질소제거의 과정은 호기성 반응조에서의 질산화 처리과정인 것이다. Nitrifying microorganisms have a growth rate of about 1/10 lower than the general heterotrophs that degrade organic matter, and thus, nitrogen removal cannot be efficiently performed during most wastewater treatment. On the other hand, the denitrification process is easily influenced only by the presence of nitrate nitrogen and organic matters, so long as there is a sufficient amount of organic matters to block oxygen and become an electron donor. Therefore, the most important nitrogen removal process is nitrification in aerobic reactor.
질산화 미생물의 활성을 높게 유지하기 위해서 기존에 사용하고 있는 방법은 체류시간이나 반송 슬러지의 양을 늘림으로써 질산화 미생물의 대사에 필요한 충분한 시간을 보장하는 것이거나, 반응조의 모양이나 배치를 달리하여 질산화 미생물이 자라는 데에 필요한 환경을 유지하는 것이다. 그러나 체류시간 연장이나 반송 슬러지의 증가는 다른 미생물의 노령화에 따른 팽화(bulking)의 원인이 되기도 하여 침전조에서의 슬러지의 제거를 어렵게 할 수 있다. 또한 반응조의 변형에는 추가적인 부지나 시설이 필요하여 처리비용의 증가라는 문제점을 가지고 있다. In order to maintain high activity of nitrifying microorganisms, the existing methods are to ensure sufficient time for metabolism of nitrifying microorganisms by increasing the residence time or the amount of return sludge, or by varying the shape and layout of the reactor. It is to maintain the environment necessary for this to grow. However, an increase in residence time or an increase in return sludge may cause bulking due to aging of other microorganisms, which may make it difficult to remove sludge in the settling tank. In addition, the modification of the reaction tank requires an additional site or facility and has a problem of increasing treatment cost.
질산화 과정을 촉진시키기 위한 방안 중의 한 가지는 유기물 또는 암모니아성 질소를 빠르게 질산성 질소로 전환시킬 수 있는 미생물 종균제를 사용하는 것이다. 이러한 미생물 종균제는 폐수처리에 있어서 다양한 방법으로 제조하여 사용하여 왔다. One way to accelerate the nitrification process is to use microbial spawning agents that can quickly convert organic or ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen. These microbial spawn agents have been produced and used in various ways in wastewater treatment.
대한민국 공개특허 제99-46665호 '하·폐수 처리용 미생물 활성제 및 그 제조방법'에는 바실러스종의 혼합균주에 산화칼슘, 규산, 황산마그네슘, 산화알루미늄, 산화마그네슘 등의 미생물 활성제를 혼합시켜 제조된 하·폐수 처리용 미생물 활성제가 개시되어 있다. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 99-46665 'microbial activator for sewage and wastewater treatment and its manufacturing method' is prepared by mixing a microbial activator such as calcium oxide, silicic acid, magnesium sulfate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide with a mixed strain of Bacillus species A microbial activator for sewage and wastewater treatment is disclosed.
또한 대한민국 공개특허 제2002-39110호 '폐수처리용 종균제'에는 질소고정 토양미생물, 탄소원으로 대두분, 맥주보리분말 또는 밀분으로 구성된 군에서 선택된 맥류와 무기물질로 Na2HPO4, KH2PO4, NaCl, NH4Cl, MgCl2, CaCl2, Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, Co, Se 및 Mo를 함유하는 폐수처리용 종균제가 개시되어 있다.In addition, Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2002-39110 'Sprinkler for wastewater treatment' includes nitrogen-fixed soil microorganisms, soybean powder as a carbon source, beer barley powder, or wheat flour, and selected as the varieties and inorganic substances Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO Seeds for wastewater treatment containing 4 , NaCl, NH 4 Cl, MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 , Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 · 18H 2 O, Co, Se and Mo are disclosed.
한편 대한민국 공개특허 제2003-76912호 '유기물 분해력이 높은 홍색비황세균 균주 분리'에는 오폐수를 생물학적으로 처리하기 위하여 첨가하는 종균제를 이루는 균주로 광합성하는 홍색비황세균들을 국내 환경으로부터 분리하여 이 중에서 분해력이 높고 생존을 위협하는 각종 환경요인에 저항할 수 있는 생존력이 우수한 균주가 개시되어 있다. On the other hand, Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2003-76912 'separation of the red nasal bacterium with high organic decomposition ability' is a strain consisting of the spawning agent added to treat the waste water biologically to isolate the red rhizobacteria bacteria photosynthesis from the domestic environment There are disclosed strains that are highly viable and able to resist various environmental factors that threaten survival.
그러나 특별히 질산화 미생물만을 대상으로 한 것은 없으며 미생물의 종류와 활성 및 제조방법에 따라 기대하는 목표와 적용대상이 달라 특별히 고농도의 질소를 함유한 폐수의 처리에 적합한 미생물 종균 제제의 개발이 요청된다. However, there is no specific target for nitrifying microorganisms, and the development of microbial spawn preparations suitable for the treatment of wastewater containing high concentrations of nitrogen is required, depending on the types of microorganisms, their activities and preparation methods.
본 발명은 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는 요소 창고에 서식하는 미생물을 분리하고 이를 종균화함으로써 질소 농도가 높은 오폐수를 효율적으로 처리하는 데에 사용될 수 있도록 개발된 미생물 제제에 관한 것으로 상기 미생물 제제는 동결건조된 미생물 복합체 또는 이 미생물의 액상 종균제로 개발한 것이다. The present invention is directed to a microbial agent that can be used to efficiently treat wastewater with high nitrogen concentration by isolating and spawning microorganisms in the urea warehouse. It is developed as a microbial complex or a liquid spawning agent of this microorganism.
따라서 본 발명의 목적은 바실러스 세리우스(Bacillus cereus), 바실러스 투링겐시스(Bacillus thuringiensis), 바실러스 실베스트리스(Bacillus silvestris) 등을 포함하는 수분함량 10% 이내로 동결건조 시킨 미생물 균주 1 중량부 ; 대두분, 맥주 보리분말 또는 밀분으로 구성된 맥류 0.01∼5.0 중량부 ; 인산수소나트륨, 인산수소칼륨, 염화나트륨, 염화마그네슘, 황산알루미늄 등으로 구성된 무기염류 0.001∼0.5 중량부를 포함하는 오폐수 정화용 미생물 제제를 제공하는 것이다.Therefore, an object of the present invention is 1 part by weight of the microbial strain lyophilized to within 10% moisture content, including Bacillus cereus , Bacillus thuringiensis , Bacillus silvestris , etc .; 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of a soybean meal, beer barley powder or wheat flour; It is to provide a microbial preparation for wastewater purification comprising 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight of inorganic salts composed of sodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum sulfate and the like.
또한 상기 미생물 제제는 미생물 제제 1 중량부에 대해 멸균 증류수 2∼5 중량부, 소고기 육즙, 펩톤 및 요소 등의 유기질소 성분 0.01∼0.1 중량부를 함유한 배지에서 종배양시켜 사용함을 특징으로 한다. In addition, the microbial preparation is characterized in that it is used in a culture medium containing 2 to 5 parts by weight of sterile distilled water, 0.01 to 0.1 parts by weight of organic nitrogen components such as beef gravy, peptone and urea based on 1 part by weight of the microbial preparation.
또한 상기 종배양 배지에는 효모추출물 0.05 중량%, 펩톤 0.05중량%, 카자미노산 0.05중량%, 포도당 0.05중량%, 전분 0.03중량%, 구연산 0.03중량%, 인산수소칼륨 0.03중량%, 황산마그네슘 0.005중량%로 구성된 R2A 배지를 사용할 수 있다. In addition, the culture medium, yeast extract 0.05%, peptone 0.05%, kazamino acid 0.05%, glucose 0.05%, starch 0.03%, citric acid 0.03%, potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.03% by weight, magnesium sulfate 0.005% by weight R2A medium consisting of can be used.
이하 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
본 발명의 바실러스 속 미생물은 그램 양성의 간형세균이며 호기성으로 포자를 형성할 수 있다. 질산염을 환원시킬 수 있으며 운동성이 있고 산성으로부터 알칼리성에 걸쳐 폭넓게 자랄 수 있으며 옥시데이즈(oxidase) 및 카탈레이즈(catalase) 양성이다. The bacterium of the genus Bacillus of the present invention is a gram-positive hepatitis bacterium and can form spores aerobicly. It is capable of reducing nitrates, is motility, can grow widely from acidic to alkaline, and is oxidase and catalase positive.
이들 미생물 각각에 대하여 유기질소 화합물인 요소의 암모니아화 및 질산화 속도를 측정한 결과는 표 1과 같다. 표에서 보는 바와 같이 비교대상 균주인 Bacillus pasteurii, KCTC3558에 비해 유기질소인 요소를 암모니아로 전환하는 속도는 70%, 암모니아를 질산성 질소로 전환시키는 질산화 속도는 60% 높은 효율을 보였다. 질소가 질산성 질소로 전환되면 비교적 빠르게 무산소 조건에서 탈질이 일어나므로 이들 균주는 질소 제거에 탁월한 효율을 보이게 된다.The ammonia and nitrification rates of urea, which is an organic nitrogen compound, for each of these microorganisms were measured. As shown in the table, compared with Bacillus pasteurii and KCTC3558, the relative strains showed 70% higher conversion rate of urea nitrogen to ammonia and 60% higher rate of nitrification conversion of ammonia to nitrate nitrogen. When nitrogen is converted to nitrate nitrogen, denitrification occurs in anoxic conditions relatively quickly, so these strains show excellent efficiency in nitrogen removal.
또한 본 발명의 분리균주의 16S RNA의 동정결과를 유사 미생물과 비교하면 다음과 같다. 표 2는 분리균주의 16S RNA 동정결과를 나타낸 것이다. In addition, the results of identifying 16S RNA of the isolated strain of the present invention are compared with those of similar microorganisms. Table 2 shows the results of 16S RNA identification of the isolate strain.
이하 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명한다. The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.
(실시예 1) 미생물 균주의 분리 Example 1 Isolation of Microbial Strains
요소제조 공장의 요소보관 창고에 서식하는 41종의 미생물을 요소 2,000∼20,000 mg/L가 포함된 LB배지 (트립톤 1%, 효모추출물 0.5%, 소금 0.5%), TSB배지 (트립톤 1.7%, 소이톤 0.3%, 포도당 0.25%, 소금 0.5%, 인산수소칼륨 0.25%), NA배지 (소고기 육즙 0.3%, 펩톤 0.5%), R2A배지 (효모추출물 0.05%, 펩톤 0.05%, 카자미노산 0.05%, 포도당 0.05%, 전분 0.03%, 구연산 0.03%, 인산수소칼륨 0.03%, 황산마그네슘 0.005%)를 사용하여 진탕배양한 후, 평판배지에서 분리하였다. 이들 미생물은 요소농도 500mg/L에서 요소로부터 암모니아성 질소를 생성하는 속도가 0.6∼2.1 mg-N/L/hr, 암모니아성 질소로부터 질산성 질소를 생성하는 속도는 0.3∼1.8 mg-N/L/hr 인 것으로 나타나 질소 화합물의 질산화를 촉진시킬 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 41 species of microorganisms in the urea storage warehouse of urea manufacturing plant are LB medium containing 2,000 ~ 20,000 mg / L of urea (1% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% salt), TSB medium (trypton 1.7% , Soyton 0.3%, Glucose 0.25%, Salt 0.5%, Potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.25%, NA medium (Beef broth 0.3%, Peptone 0.5%), R2A medium (Yeast extract 0.05%, Peptone 0.05%, Kazamino acid 0.05% , Glucose 0.05%, starch 0.03%, citric acid 0.03%, potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.03%, magnesium sulfate 0.005%), and the culture was shaken, and then separated from the plate medium. These microorganisms produce 0.6-2.1 mg-N / L / hr of ammonia nitrogen from urea at a urea concentration of 500 mg / L and 0.3-1.8 mg-N / L of nitrate nitrogen from ammonia. It was confirmed that it can be / hr to promote the nitrification of the nitrogen compound.
분리된 41종의 미생물은 20%의 탈지분유에 각각 진탕배양하여 대수기의 성장을 보이는 시점에서 동결건조하여 밀봉하였다. 밀봉 보존된 미생물을 각각 NA배지에 다시 접종하고 진탕배양한 후 혼합하여 원심분리를 통하여 혼합종균을 마련하였다. 혼합종균은 역시 20%의 탈지분유에 진탕배양하다 후 동결건조하여 밀봉, 보존하였다. 41 isolated microorganisms were shaken and cultured in 20% skim milk powder, and lyophilized and sealed at the time point of growth of log phase. Sealed microorganisms were inoculated again into the NA medium, shaken and cultured, and mixed to prepare a mixed seed through centrifugation. Mixed seedlings were also shaken and cultured in 20% skim milk powder, and then lyophilized to seal and preserve.
(실시예 2) 미생물 제제를 이용한 오폐수 처리 Example 2 Wastewater Treatment Using a Microbial Formulation
혼합종균은 멸균증류수에 녹여 액상 또는 고체상의 배지에 접종한 후, 직접 또는 미생물만을 분리하여 질소제거를 목적으로 하는 폐수처리장에 사용할 수 있다. 동결건조된 혼합종균을 1 g 당 멸균증류수 2 ml와 혼합한 후 소고기 육즙 0.3%, 펩톤 0.5%, 요소 0.36%의 배지에 접종하여 실온에서 3일간 진탕배양하고 정치시켜 침전물을 종균제로 사용하였다. 종균제의 질소제거 효율을 확인하기 위하여 COD 7,11 mg/L, 총 질소함량 2,960 mg/L, 총 인함량 25.8 mg/L, pH 7.0인 폐수를 대상으로 연속회분 반응조(sequencing batch reactor, SBR) 실험을 실시하였다. 반응조 내의 미생물 농도는 3,000 mg/L로 하였으며 호기조건 2시간, 무산소조건 2시간에 슬러지 체류시간은 10일로 설정하였다. 동일한 조건에서 단일 미생물인 바실러스 파스테우리(Bacillus pasteurii, KCTC 3558), 노카르디아 서모플라바(Norcardia thermoflava, KCTC9833) 및 활성슬러지 미생물 3종과 유기물 및 질소제거 효율을 비교한 결과는 표 3과 같다. 동일 조건에서 유기물인 COD의 제거율은 64.4%로 비교 대상인 단일 미생물이나 활성슬러지 미생물에 비해 높은 제거효율을 나타내었으며 질소제거율도 56.4%로서 비교대상보다 23.3% 증가된 값을 나타내어 본 혼합종균제가 총질소 3,000 mg/L 내외로 높은 질소함유 폐수 처리에 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. The mixed spawn can be dissolved in sterile distilled water and inoculated in a liquid or solid medium, and then directly or microorganisms can be separated and used in a wastewater treatment plant for the purpose of nitrogen removal. The lyophilized mixed spawn was mixed with 2 ml of sterile distilled water per 1 g, and then inoculated in a medium of beef broth 0.3%, peptone 0.5%, and urea 0.36%, shaken and incubated at room temperature for 3 days, and the precipitate was used as a spawn. In order to confirm the nitrogen removal efficiency of the spawning agent, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was used for the wastewater having COD 7,11 mg / L, total nitrogen content 2,960 mg / L, total phosphorus content 25.8 mg / L, and pH 7.0. ) The experiment was carried out. The microbial concentration in the reactor was set to 3,000 mg / L, and the sludge residence time was set to 10 days under aerobic conditions for 2 hours and anoxic conditions for 2 hours. Under the same condition, Bacillus pasteurii (KCTC 3558), Norcardia thermoflava (KCTC9833) and activated sludge microorganisms under the same conditions were compared with the organic and nitrogen removal efficiencies. same. Under the same conditions, the removal rate of COD, an organic substance, was 64.4%, which shows higher removal efficiency than single microorganism or activated sludge microorganism to be compared, and the nitrogen removal rate was 56.4%, which was 23.3% higher than that of the comparison target. It was found to be suitable for high nitrogenous wastewater treatment at around 3,000 mg / L.
본 발명의 효과는 요소 창고에 서식하는 미생물을 분리하고 이를 종균화함으로써 질소 농도가 높은 오폐수를 효율적으로 처리하는 데에 사용될 수 있도록 개발된 미생물 제제에 관한 것으로 상기 미생물 제제는 동결건조된 미생물 복합체 또는 이 미생물의 액상 종균제로 개발한 것이다. 본 발명의 미생물 제제는 높은 유기질소를 함유한 오폐수를 처리하는 데에 있어 효율적으로 처리하는 데에 활용됨으로써 방류수 내의 질소 농도를 낮추고 추가적인 처리방법의 도입으로 인한 비용 절감이 가능하다. The effect of the present invention relates to a microbial agent developed to be used to efficiently treat wastewater with high nitrogen concentration by isolating and spawning microorganisms in the urea warehouse. It was developed as a liquid spawning agent of this microorganism. The microbial agent of the present invention can be used to efficiently treat wastewater containing high organic nitrogen, thereby lowering the nitrogen concentration in the effluent and reducing costs due to the introduction of additional treatment methods.
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CN104261568A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 东华大学 | Method of degrading phosphate tri(2-chloroethyl) ester by adopting bacillus thuringiensis |
KR102097670B1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-04-06 | 한경대학교 산학협력단 | Microorganism preparation for water purification and manufacturing method thereof |
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CN104261568A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 东华大学 | Method of degrading phosphate tri(2-chloroethyl) ester by adopting bacillus thuringiensis |
KR102097670B1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-04-06 | 한경대학교 산학협력단 | Microorganism preparation for water purification and manufacturing method thereof |
CN112795512A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-14 | 东北农业大学 | Microbial preparation for treating potato starch wastewater and application method thereof |
KR102453892B1 (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-10-11 | 농업회사법인(유)카야시스템 | Sludge reducing agent and manufacturing method thereof |
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