KR20050013172A - Heating system by composting energy and soil compost manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heating system using composting energy and a farmyard manure producing method are provided to recover available fermentable heat of 60¯80% from farmyard manure materials and to reduce heating cost at 330,000¯550,000 won in producing the farmyard manure at one time and using aerobic composting energy of 60¯85 deg.C. CONSTITUTION: Sawdust is mixed with organic waste such as a by-product of an organic stock farm, a beer brewery, and a food factory and amino acids waste liquid of a seasoning factory. The mixture is treated at C/N 20¯50 and moisture content of 60¯70% and inserted into an aerobic fermentation system. Water contained in a pipe line and heated by composting energy of 60¯85 deg.C generated from a continuous fermentation process or heat recovered from a heat exchanger is used for heat demanded for farm hypocausts or auxiliary heat for houses of a farm gardening facility.

Description

Heating system and compost manufacturing method using fermentation energy {Heating system by composting energy and soil compost manufacturing method}

Existing organic fertilizer is mainly manufactured by aerobic fermentation method by recycling organic waste such as livestock manure, livestock waste, food waste, organic sludge, animal and animal residues, and moisture control materials such as sawdust, rice husk, bark powder, wood flour, etc. The initial moisture content is adjusted to 60 ~ 70%, and it is put into a ventilated agitated fixed fermenter, and compost stabilization is produced by aerobic fermentation method of 60 ~ 85 ⁰ C for 2 ~ 3 weeks, but most of the heat generated is dissipated to the atmosphere. And there was no example of using heat energy for heating.

There have been cases of using methane gas as a fuel produced by treating some manure by basic digestion, but few farmers realize this method due to the cumbersome treatment and economic feasibility.

Codex, an international organization established by the FAO / WHO, produces and processes organic foods at the 23rd Codex Committee Meeting (1999) to develop food standards for international food standards, protect consumer health, activate international food trade and ensure fairness. According to the International Labeling Guidelines for Distribution, factory stocks contain compost from industrial sources by recycling these stocks with indiscriminate use of antibiotics to prevent livestock disease. Cultivated agricultural products are legally enforced on the principle of not quality certification as organic products, and have emerged as a problem for farmers who grow organic products, and need an institutional apparatus for producing and distributing pollution-free, high-quality compost that can be trusted and used by organic farmers. It is difficult for real user to purchase and use high quality compost

The present invention is to solve the above problems by selecting raw materials that do not have a problem in cultivating quality certified organic products and use them in aerobic fermentation composting, internationally accepted materials such as organic livestock by-product beer bakjujuk food factory by-product seasoning factory amino acid by-product By adjusting the C / N ratio 20 ~ 50 to 60 ~ 70% of the initial water content, it enters the aerobic fermentation system.The water in the pipe pipe heated by the fermentation heat generated in the continuous fermentation process or the heat generated during fermentation and steam generated in the heat exchanger It is a system that reduces heating costs by circulating the heated air recovered and using it as heating heat for ondol or using energy as an auxiliary heat for heating in horticultural farm house.

In the various kinds of agricultural and livestock by-product in the fermenter, and is 60 to 85 by ^d C aerobic fermentation it does not have odor and leachate generation during a period in which progress of hazardous substances such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds killing stabilization and producing compost of high quality is of high purity It features technology.

Figure 1. Process diagram of the present invention

The present invention contains a large amount of moisture easily decayed odors and leachate, and various organic livestock by-products and animal residues, livestock manure, food waste, food factory by-products, sludge, seasonings plant molasses that is difficult to treat such as river groundwater contamination and pathogen spreading Using various types of organic wastes and swelling materials such as sawdust, rice husks, bark meal, and wood chips as auxiliary materials, the initial moisture content is adjusted to 60 ~ 70% to introduce aerobic microorganisms into the mixed fermentation tank and to maintain aerobic conditions. Air is injected into the air. In winter, microorganisms are forced to blow into the broth, heated to a temperature of 30-40 ^° C, suitable for fermentation conditions. The basic conditions for aerobic fermentation of compost are microorganisms, microbial nutrients, moisture, oxygen, temperature and time. When the above conditions are cleared, aerobic fermentation proceeds smoothly, raising the temperature of the fermenter to 60-85 ^d C.

This aerobic fermentation heat kills pathogens, parasites, and weed seeds, and evaporates moisture, and heat can be obtained using fermentation heat.

The amount of heat generated during aerobic fermentation of compost is about 16.8 MJ per kg of decomposed building, and the heat generated increases not only the temperature of the surrounding air, but also evaporates moisture from the compost and is radiated from the surface of the compost and released to the outside. The heat of temperature rise and the evaporation energy of water are available, accounting for 60-80% of the total heat generated.

Fermentation heat of compost is generated when organic matter in the compost is decomposed, and heat is mainly used at high temperatures of 60-85 ^o C during the period of active decomposition, depending on the type of composting subsidiary materials, but for 3 weeks per ton of fermentation material. It generates 840 MJ (23 liters of kerosene equivalent) heat, and the amount of heat available corresponds to 20-30 liters of kerosene per tonne of fermented material.

Stainless steel for heat exchange is embedded in compost in fermentation tanks to use heat to connect the hot water in the pipes to the circulation household heating pipes or to the pipes buried in the grounds of the horticultural farmhouse house to increase the temperature of the ground or use warm air. .

When composting the air necessary for aerobic fermentation from the lower part of the fermentation tank to the forced injection, a large amount of exhaust gas of the steam mixture comes out of the fermentation tank. to be. Therefore, the use of exhaust heat is a system that recovers heat generated when water vapor condenses and becomes water. When condensation of about 13 kg of water vapor yields about 1 liter of kerosene, the condensate is used as a liquid ratio.

The hot air obtained by sucking the steam evaporated inside the fermentation system and passing through a heat bridge is used as a circulating heating furnace or as an auxiliary heat of energy saving type in a horticultural farm house. The condensed liquid is cooled on the surface and flows through the surface of the pipe. The condensed liquid is collected by a drain pipe into a storage tank for condensate, packed in a liquid fertilizer container, and used as a liquid ratio.

In condensed water, about 50% of ammonia from the composting fermentation process is dissolved. It contains 0.6 ~ 0.8% of nitrogen (containing 5 ~ 7g of nitrogen in 1 ton of condensate), packed in liquid container and reduced to farmland.

After the aerobic high temperature fermentation of 60 to 85 ^o C in a fermentation system conducted over a 2-3 weeks the temperature of the compost of a thermometer connected to the inside fermentation tank falls below 40 ^d C, open the outlet of the fermentation system lower transported to conveyor withdrawn automatically It is then stored in after bathing for 2-3 months.

The exhaust gas pipe passing through the heat exchanger is buried in the compost heap of the after-bath to remove odors as a biofilter of odor gas, and ammonia in gas is used as a compost filter.

Pellets are prepared by mixing additives with compost stored for 2 ~ 3 months in a post-bath, or packed in 20kg PE bags, sorted in powder form, and shipped to demand. .

As described above, the present invention uses the fermentation heat discarded during composting by aerobic fermentation method, and uses it as a subsidiary heat in house heating of home heating or facility horticulture farmhouse to reduce heating costs and to produce quality certified agricultural products. It is a useful invention to provide a compost manufacturing system for self-feeding compost.

Aerobic fermentation compost production capacity of 20 tons Composting fermenter is economical 60 ~ 85 ^o C heating period is about 2 ~ 3 weeks at a time, the heat of fermentation is not constant depending on the type of composting material Fermentation heat of 20,000-25,000 MJ (kerosene 550-690 liters) is generated, 60-80% of the available heat can be recovered and 12,000-20,000 MJ (330-550 liter kerosene) can be used for heating.

At the time of compost production, about 20 tons of high-quality self-compost is manufactured and used together with the aerobic fermentation heat of 60 ~ 85 ^ㅇ C to reduce heating costs of 330,000 ~ 550,000 won (1,000 liters of kerosene) for 2 ~ 3 weeks. It is possible to save 16,500 ~ 27,500 won per ton of added income and compost production cost, and high quality self-compost procurement that can contribute to reducing the cost of producing high quality organic products of facility horticultural farmers with pollution-free supplementary heat during high oil prices.

Claims (1)

Organic wastes such as organic livestock by-products or beer brewery or food factory by-products seasoning plant amino acid wastes are mixed with Sawdust and adjusted to 60/70% C / N20 ~ 50 moisture content, and introduced into aerobic fermentation system. Method for producing compost and good quality compost by aerobic fermentation system using water in fermentation pipe heated by fermentation heat of ～ 85 ^ㅇ C, heat of fermentation and steam recovered from heat exchanger, as heat source for heating of farmhouse ondol or auxiliary heating of facility horticulture house