KR19990055408A - Generator of Absorption Heat Pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a generator of an absorption heat pump, comprising: a rectifier (40) for rectifying with ammonia vapor having high purity;

A condenser 110 for condensing the purified ammonia vapor in the rectifier 40;

The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling;

The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle;

The generator 10 is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320, and the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port at an upper portion thereof, and a gas burner 316 having a rectangular combustion area having a circular combustion gas inlet at a lower portion thereof. ) Is formed into a square shape to be joined to the square, and has an induction pipe 307 having a cylindrical shape so that the combustion gas, which is a main heat source, is heated inside the generator, and the solution in the generator prevents heat loss to the outside. By doing so, the regeneration efficiency is increased.

In addition, the induction pipe 307 has the effect of reducing the diameter of the generator to improve the internal pressure structure, and the size of the generator can be reduced, thereby reducing the overall size of the absorption type air conditioner.

Description

Generator of Absorption Heat Pump

The present invention relates to a generator of an absorption type heat pump that uses a refrigerant such as ammonia and water as an absorbent liquid. More particularly, the regeneration efficiency is improved and the induction pipe is provided to reduce the diameter of the generator to improve the pressure resistance structure. In addition, the size of the generator can be miniaturized, so that the overall size of the absorption type air conditioner can be compactly designed and manufactured.

Absorption air conditioner using ammonia as a refrigerant and water as an absorbing liquid is a generator that generates refrigerant vapor (ammonia vapor) and a rectifier for rectifying it into ammonia vapor with a purity of 99.8% or higher. The condenser, the ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser is introduced into the evaporator, the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil is moved to the absorber, the cold water flowing in the evaporator evaporator coil is deprived of heat to the evaporating refrigerant to lower the temperature The refrigerant vapor moved to the evaporator and absorber used for cooling is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator, and the diluted ammonia aqueous solution flows into the absorber and is dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. Absorbs the incoming ammonia vapor Triazine ammonia aqueous solution is sent to the generator by a liquid pump is subjected to cooling to form a cooling cycle.

The ammonia absorption cycle uses a solution heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat exchanger to improve efficiency and performance, and various methods have been invented to improve the performance coefficient of the absorption heat pump in the cycle. Among them, GAX is the most common method. And known as the best method.

In the case of water / ammonia absorption heat pumps, due to the large concentration difference, the temperature at the absorber and generator inlet and outlet is greater than the low temperature of the generator.

This is called temperature nesting, and it uses this useful heat.

The generator of the ammonia-absorbing heat pump uses a pipe burner 406 vertically as shown in FIG. 1 to heat the generator side wall 411 surrounded by a plate heat exchanger fin 405 to lower the ammonia gas and the ammonia concentration. It is separated by medicinal solution.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2 has been proposed to increase the thermal efficiency by increasing the heat transfer path of the high-temperature combustion gas is heated to the combustion dome from the bottom of the cylinder dome-shaped generator circulated inside the dome.

In the conventional generator, the side wall heating method by the pipe burner 406 as shown in FIG. 1 is characterized in that the generator temperature distribution in the vertical direction of the generator is almost uniform so that one side wall of the heating surface is heated and the other side wall temperature is higher than that of the other side wall. It forms a circulating laminar flow from the inside to move the medicinal solution to the bottom, and the ammonia solution with ammonia gas and the high ammonia concentration moves to the top, so that the concentration rises vertically upward and decreases downward.

Therefore, there is a side to increase the absorption rate in the absorber by providing the drug solution outlet 409 in the lower part of the generator to send the drug solution to the absorber, but the gas burned in the pipe burner 406 locally heats the generator and mostly serves as an exhaust port. There is a disadvantage that the heat loss of the generator is large and the thermal efficiency of the generator is low.

On the other hand, the generator of the vessel heating method in Figure 2 has a long contact path between the combustion gas and the generator, and the heat efficiency fins (512, 513) are provided on the outer wall and the inner wall of the generator dome, the thermal efficiency is high, but due to the container heating method As the solution is boiled, it is not easy to separate the concentration difference of the solution in the generator, so that the concentration of the solution that is sent to the absorber may be high, thereby reducing the efficiency of the absorption chiller or air conditioner.

In addition, since the slit burner 506 is used, in order to increase the performance of the ultra-small capacity, the number of slit burners must be increased to increase the heat of combustion of the burner. Increase the generator lower diameter.

Since the increase in diameter is a high pressure in the case of the ammonia generator, the normal operating pressure is 1.5MPa, the thickness of the generator is thick to withstand such pressure.

As a result, there is a disadvantage in that the size of the generator is increased and the heat transfer efficiency is reduced to reduce the generator efficiency.

These difficulties have led to difficulties in increasing the efficiency and miniaturization of absorption air conditioners.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a generator with maximized performance.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a generator suitable for a small or domestic absorption chiller or air conditioner by miniaturizing its size.

1 is a device diagram showing a generator of a conventional absorption heat pump

Figure 2 is an apparatus showing a generator of a conventional absorption heat pump

Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing an absorption heat pump device of the present invention

Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the generator of the absorption heat pump of the present invention

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the induction pipe of the absorption heat pump

Figure 6 is a perspective view showing a heat transfer fin of the absorption heat pump

7 is an external perspective view of the generator of the absorption heat pump of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10-Generator 20-GAX Absorber

30-Evaporator 40-Rectifier

50-GAX Part 60-Solution Cooling Absorber

70-Solution Pump 80-Refrigerant Heat Exchanger

90-GAX Generator 100-Absorber

110-condenser

The object of the present invention, the rectifier 40 for rectifying with ammonia vapor having a high purity;

A condenser 110 for condensing the purified ammonia vapor in the rectifier 40;

The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling;

The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle;

The generator 10 is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320, and the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port at an upper portion thereof, and a gas burner 316 having a rectangular combustion area having a circular combustion gas inlet at a lower portion thereof. Is formed into a rectangular shape, and the upper portion is achieved by having an induction pipe 307 having a cylindrical shape.

In addition, claim 2 is provided with a heat exchanger fin 306 bent or formed in stainless steel or copper (Cu) in the inner cylinder 321 of the generator is bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger fin 306 and the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 321 by brazing welding. It is characterized by.

In addition, claim 3 is to place the solution inlet stage 340 on the upper surface of the hemispherical head stream end 340 connected to the inner cylinder 321 and the upper portion of the generator, and the ammonia gas outlet is disposed outside the upper surface of the generator to An annular pipe coil 324 is installed, and the chemical solution inlet 304 is positioned below the pipe coil 324, and the chemical solution outlet 303 pipe is disposed above the generator.

Moreover, Claim 4 joins the lower surface of the inner cylinder 321 and the upper surface of the induction pipe 307 by welding, and opens the heat insulating material 319 between the connection surface of the lower connection surface of the induction pipe 307 and the burner 306 part. Characterized in that.

Therefore, claim 1 allows the combustion gas to pass through the inner cylinder 321 to regenerate the solution so that the combustion gas, which is the main heat source, is heated inside the generator, and the solution in the generator prevents heat loss to the outside, thereby improving regeneration efficiency. do.

In addition, the induction pipe 307 is provided to reduce the diameter of the generator to improve the internal pressure structure, and the size of the generator can be downsized, thereby reducing the overall size of the absorption type air conditioner.

Claim 2 is provided with the curved plate heat exchanger 306 in the generator inner cylinder 321 to increase the heat transfer area, the temperature gradient in the vertical direction is not severe, and to join by the brazing method to secure the heat transfer area and to the curved plate heat exchanger 306 ) Is effective to prevent high temperature corrosion.

According to claim 3, the solution inlet 301 is located on the generator inner cylinder 321 and the hemispherical head upper surface 314 connected to the upper portion, and the ammonia gas outlet is provided on the outer peripheral side of the generator upper surface to descend The temperature difference is increased while falling on the hemispherical surface of the head to increase the generator efficiency, and the annular stainless pipe coil 324 is provided inside, and the chemical solution inlet 304 is provided below the pipe coil to provide the chemical solution at the bottom of the generator. The action of moving to the absorber and the ammonia gas outlet pipe are provided on the generator to facilitate the movement of the ammonia gas to the upper portion.

According to claim 4, the inner surface of the inner cylinder 321 and the upper surface of the induction pipe are joined by welding, so that the exhaust gas rises and collides with the induction pipe bend so that the high temperature of the bent portion rapidly moves to the lower surface of the generator and the lower connection surface of the induction pipe ( A heat insulating material 319 such as asbestos is provided between the connection surface 310 between the burner portion 311 and the burner portion to prevent the temperature rise of the burner portion.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 3 is an overall circuit diagram showing an absorption heat pump system of the present invention, Figure 4 shows a heat pump generator structure of the present invention in a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 5 shows the shape of the induction pipe 307 and FIG. 6 shows the shape of the curved plate heat exchanger 306 in a perspective view, respectively.

The operating principle of the ammonia absorption heat pump as shown in Figure 3 is to absorb the evaporation heat generated when the refrigerant (ammonia) evaporates in the absorbing solution (water or rare solution) to take the heat, and to absorb the heat absorbed appropriate cooling means (cooling tower Alternatively, the heat is released to the outside using an air-cooled cooling device, and when the refrigerant evaporates, the heat is deprived of heat, and the cooled evaporator 30 is appropriately exchanged for cooling or freezing, and the ammonia concentration is increased through absorption of the refrigerant (ammonia). The elevated absorbent solution is allowed to be regenerated by appropriate heating means.

The absorption type air conditioner using ammonia as a refrigerant and water absorbent as an absorbent includes a generator 10 for generating refrigerant vapor (ammonia vapor) and a rectifier 40 for rectifying it into high purity ammonia vapor. The condenser 110 condensing ammonia vapor, the ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 is introduced into the evaporator 30, the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil is moved to the absorber 100, the evaporator The cold water flowing in the evaporation coil of 30 to the heat evaporated by the refrigerant evaporated, the evaporator 30 used for cooling, the refrigerant vapor moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor in the generator (10) Aqueous solution of dilute ammonia flows into the absorber 100 and is scattered on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film, and flows down in the vertical direction. And an absorber 100 for absorbing the ammonia vapor, and a solution pump 70 for sending the ammonia solution having a higher concentration to the generator.

The absorption heat pump configured as described above is heated by the gas combustion of the generator 10 to obtain a solution (medicine solution) in which ammonia, a refrigerant having a low boiling point, evaporates and ammonia concentration is reduced.

This solution is sent to the absorber and the steam generated in the generator contains a lot of water vapor in addition to ammonia, so the ammonia concentration is increased in the rectifier 40 to the condenser 110.

The ammonia vapor, whose concentration is increased to 99.8% through the rectifier, is condensed in the condenser, and the condensed ammonia solution (strong solution) is sent to the evaporator 30, sprayed by the feeder to the evaporator heat pipe, and evaporated in the evaporator heat pipe. Cooling effect is obtained. The evaporated ammonia refrigerant is introduced into the absorber 100 through the refrigerant heat exchanger and absorbed by the absorbing solution (medical solution) that is sprayed on the absorber heat pipe. The heat of absorption absorbed by the absorber is released to the atmosphere.

Absorption solution (strong solution), the concentration of which is increased in the absorber 100, is introduced into the generator 10 through several heat exchangers to increase efficiency by a solution pump, and a cycle is configured to repeat the regeneration process. maintain.

When heating, the air-conditioning switching valve indicated by the dotted line blocks the flow path to the condenser and the absorber during cooling and goes to the flow path indicated by the dotted line. This action is the hot steam generated in the generator 10 is directed to the evaporator 30 without moving to the condenser to heat the evaporator heat pipe and takes the heat source of heating through heat exchange with the evaporator heat pipe.

The ammonia solution condensed by dissipating heat by heating is circulated to the generator through the rectifier solution cooling absorber and the GAX generator by the solution pump in the lower part of the absorber and reheated to maintain the heating cycle.

When heating, do not allow cooling of the condenser and absorber. That is, in the case of the air cooling type, the cooling fan is stopped and in the case of the water cooling type, the cooling water pump is not operated so that unnecessary heat is not released to the outside air. In particular, the condenser is not cooled in the condenser to prevent condensation.

The generator of the present invention is composed of an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320 in the form of an absorption type heat pump (cooling / cooling or hot / cold water heater) in which the generator 10, the rectifier 40 or the GAX generator 90 is separated, or an integral type. do.

There is a solution in the space between the inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320 to pass the combustion gas inside the inner cylinder 321 to heat the inner wall of the inner cylinder 321 to regenerate the solution inside the generator.

In addition, the generator is provided with a ring-shaped stainless steel coil 324, the lower portion of the stainless steel coil is provided with a medicinal solution inlet 304, and the top of the generator is provided with a medicinal solution outlet 303, the medicinal solution absorber The pipe 303 which moves to is installed.

Inside the inner cylinder 321 of such a generator is installed a plate-shaped stainless steel or copper bent plate heat exchanger fin 306 to increase the heat transfer efficiency and uniform temperature in the vertical direction of the generator.

Then, the curved plate heat exchanger fin 306 is bonded to the inner wall of the generator inner cylinder 321 by brazing, and the heat transfer effect is increased to prevent the corrosion of hot combustion gas with the hot combustion gas.

Meanwhile, the gas burner 316 which is a heating source in the generator uses a slit burner having a combustion area of rectangular or square shape, and has a rectangular structure at a lower portion thereof so as to be connected to the cylinder inner cylinder 321. .

In addition, the upper part includes an induction pipe 307 having a cylinder shape, and includes an induction pipe 307 to connect the burner 316 and the generator inner cylinder 312, and the upper part of the generator inner cylinder 321 and the induction pipe 307. The joint portion 309 of the cylindrical shape is to be joined by welding to install the induction pipe 307 so that the heat transfer to the generator is made by the path where the high temperature of the bent portion of the induction pipe 307 welded to the lower part of the generator. do.

The induction pipe 307 and the junction portions 310 and 311 of the gas burner serving as a heating source have a lower joining surface between the lower surface of the induction pipe and the upper portion of the gas burner in order to prevent the high temperature of the heated induction pipe from being transferred to the burner. Insulation materials 319 such as asbestos are installed between them.

The combustion gas exhaust port 305 is provided above the generator and is provided at the generator inner cylinder head 314 or in a proximal position to form a long heat transfer path of the combustion gas.

The generator solution inlet or solution inlet 301 is installed vertically on the hemispherical inner cylinder head 314 at the center of the generator, so that the solution coming down descends to the upper surface of the inner cylinder head to increase the temperature difference to increase the heating effect. The ammonia gas outlet 302 is provided in the outer peripheral side of the upper part of a generator.

The generator of the present invention can be applied where the rectifier 40 or the GAX generator 90 is separated from the generator 10 or integrally formed in the absorption type air conditioner or cold / hot water generator configured as described above, and in addition to the absorption pump using ammonia. It can be applied as a regenerator in a cold / hot water group or a cooling / heating unit using lithium bromide as an absorbent.

In the present invention, the combustion gas, which is a main heat source according to claim 1, is heated inside the generator, and the solution in the generator serves to prevent heat loss to the outside, thereby improving regeneration efficiency.

In addition, the induction pipe 307 has the effect of reducing the diameter of the generator to improve the internal pressure structure, and the size of the generator can be reduced, thereby reducing the overall size of the absorption type air conditioner.

According to claim 2, the generator inner cylinder 321 is provided with a curved plate heat exchanger 306 to increase the heat transfer area, the temperature gradient in the vertical direction is not severe and bonded by the brazing method to secure the heat transfer area and to bend the plate The heat exchanger 306 has an effect of preventing the high temperature corrosion.

According to claim 3, the solvent inlet 301 is positioned on the generator inner cylinder 321 and the hemispherical head upper surface 314 connected to the upper part, and an ammonia gas outlet is provided on the outer peripheral side of the generator upper surface to lower the regeneration. As the solution falls on the hemisphere surface of the head, the temperature difference is increased to increase the generator efficiency.

In addition, an annular stainless pipe coil 324 is provided inside, and a chemical solution inlet 304 is provided below the pipe coil to move the chemical solution on the lower surface of the generator to the absorber, and the ammonia gas outlet pipe is placed on the generator. To facilitate the movement of the ammonia gas to the top.

According to claim 4, when the inner surface of the inner cylinder 321 and the upper surface of the induction pipe are joined by welding, the high temperature of the bent portion that becomes high when the exhaust gas rises and collides with the bend of the induction pipe rapidly moves to the lower surface of the generator. Insulating material 319 such as asbestos is provided between the induction pipe lower connection surface 311 and the connection surface 310 of the burner portion to prevent the temperature rise of the burner portion.

Claims (3)

A rectifier 40 for rectifying with ammonia vapor having high purity; A condenser 110 for condensing the purified ammonia vapor in the rectifier 40; The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling; The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle; The generator 10 is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320, and the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port at an upper portion thereof, and a gas burner 316 having a rectangular combustion area having a circular combustion gas inlet at a lower portion thereof. And a shape formed in a square shape so as to be joined to the upper surface, and having an induction pipe 307 having a cylindrical shape. According to claim 1, The inner cylinder 321 of the generator is provided with a heat exchanger fin 306 bent or formed of stainless or copper (Cu) to be welded to the outer circumferential surface of the heat exchanger fin 306 and the inner wall 321 inner wall surface by welding Generator of absorption heat pump, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution inlet 304 is positioned on the upper surface of the hemispherical head 314 connected to the inner cylinder 321 and the upper portion of the generator, and the ammonia gas outlet is disposed outside the upper surface of the generator to annular the inside. And a pipe coil (324) on the upper part, wherein the chemical solution inlet (304) is positioned below the pipe coil (324), and the chemical solution outlet (303) is disposed above the generator.