KR19990028878U - Generator of Absorption Heating System - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a generator of the absorption type heating and cooling device, and consists of a cylinder-shaped inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320, the inner cylinder 321 is provided with an exhaust port 305 at the top, the combustion gas in the lower portion of the inner cylinder 321 A generator 10 for opening the inlet 312 to regenerate the solution by passage of the combustion gas;

A rectifier 40 for rectifying ammonia vapor having high purity, and a condenser 110 for condensing the ammonia vapor having a higher purity in the rectifier 40;

The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling;

The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle;

The generator 10 is the generator 10 of the absorption type heat pump is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320 of a circular pipe shape, the inner cylinder 321 is provided with an exhaust outlet end 340 at the top, The lower part includes a burner, a rectifying part 340 composed of a rectifying stage at an upper part thereof, an annular GAX heat exchange part in an intermediate part thereof, and a laminar flow part 380 having a laminar flow of ammonia solution by concentration at the lower part thereof. As a result, the performance of the thermal efficiency can be improved and the size can be designed and manufactured compactly, and there is no limitation in the installation place.

In addition, by enhancing the contact between the combustion gas and the heat exchange fins in the generator or the inner cylinder, the heat efficiency is improved and the brazing is performed to increase the contact area of the joint surface, thereby achieving good heat transfer and preventing the heat exchange fins and the combustion gas inner tube induction pipe from overheating. It is effective.

Description

Generator of Absorption Heating System

The present invention relates to a generator of an absorption type air conditioner using a refrigerant such as ammonia and water as an absorbent liquid, and more particularly, is designed to improve thermal efficiency by reducing unnecessary heat loss in a heat exchanger generator.

Absorption air conditioner using ammonia as a refrigerant and water as an absorbing liquid is a generator that generates refrigerant vapor (ammonia vapor) and a rectifier for rectifying it into ammonia vapor with a purity of 99.8% or higher. The condenser, the ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser is introduced into the evaporator, the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil is moved to the absorber, the cold water flowing in the evaporator evaporator coil is deprived of heat to the evaporating refrigerant to lower the temperature The refrigerant vapor moved to the evaporator and absorber used for cooling is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator, and the diluted ammonia aqueous solution flows into the absorber and is dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. Absorbs the incoming ammonia vapor Triazine ammonia aqueous solution is sent to the generator by a liquid pump is subjected to cooling to form a cooling cycle.

The ammonia absorption cycle uses a solution heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat exchanger to improve efficiency and performance, and several methods have been devised to improve the coefficient of performance of the absorption heat pump on the cycle. And known as the best method.

In the case of water / ammonia absorption heat pumps, due to the large concentration difference, the temperature at the absorber and generator inlet and outlet is greater than the low temperature of the generator.

This is called temperature nesting, and it uses this useful heat.

The generator of the ammonia-absorbing heat pump uses a vertical pipe burner to heat the generator side wall surrounded by a plate heat exchanger fin to separate the ammonia gas and the chemical solution having a low ammonia concentration, The hot combustion gas, which is heated and burned, is circulated inside the dome to be guided to the outside of the dome, thus increasing the heat efficiency by lengthening the heat transfer path.

The conventional generators are constructed by a side wall heating method using a pipe burner, so that the gas burned by the silver pipe burner locally heats the generator and mostly exits the exhaust port, so that the heat loss is large, resulting in low thermal efficiency of the generator.

In addition, the generator of the container heating method is not easy to separate by the difference in the concentration of the solution in the generator, so that the concentration of the solution to be sent to the absorber can be high, it can act to reduce the efficiency of the absorption type hot and cold water heater or air conditioner. have.

In addition, in order to increase the capacity of the absorption heat pump due to the use of slit burners, the number of slit burners should be increased to increase the heat of combustion of the burners. Since the pressure is high pressure up to 1.5MPa, the thickness of the generator is increased to withstand such pressure, and the diameter of the generator is increased and the heat transfer efficiency is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the generator.

In order to improve the above-mentioned disadvantages, in the present invention, the generator 10, the rectifier 40, or the GAX generator 90 may include an absorber heat pump (cooler or heater) in which the generator 10, rectifier 40 or The GAX generator 90 is integrally formed and sealed with an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320 in a pipe form.

Therefore, there is an ammonia solution in the space between the inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320 in the lower portion of the generator 10 to pass through the combustion gas inside the inner cylinder to heat the solution inside the generator 10.

In addition, a pipe 324 which is prevented from corrosion by a stainless material is provided in the lower side of the generator 10, and a chemical solution inlet 304 is provided in the lowermost end portion 325 of the generator 10. The GAX heat transfer pipe 330 is installed at an intermediate position in the generator 10.

On the other hand, the upper part of the generator 10 is provided with a rectifying unit 340 is composed of a plurality of rectifying stages, and the chemical solution outlet 303 is configured to the outside of the generator outer cylinder 320 in the middle of the generator.

Inside the generator inner cylinder 321 is provided with a heat exchanger fin 306 in the form of a pipe corrugated in a circumferential direction of the stainless steel or copper plate circumferentially so as to improve the heat transfer efficiency and uniform temperature in the vertical direction of the generator, The joint joining is performed to increase the heat transfer effect between the combustion gas and the inner wall of the inner cylinder.

Therefore, it is configured to prevent high temperature corrosion by the high temperature combustion gas, and the combustion gas or the combustion gas heat source heats the inner cylinder and regenerates the solution inside the generator through the inner cylinder 321.

As described above, a heat exchanger fin 306 having a pipe shape corrugated in the circumferential direction of the stainless steel or copper plate is provided inside the inner cylinder 321 to increase the heat transfer effect, but the combustion gas is mostly empty due to the resistance of the heat exchanger fin inside the inner cylinder. Moving through the center of the space, the effect of sufficient heat transfer was found to be reduced.

An object of the present invention is a process in which a generator and a rectifier or a GAX generator are integrally formed, the exhaust gas is exhausted while moving upward through an inner cylinder composed of a circular pipe located at the center of the generator with a heating source at the bottom thereof. This paper provides a generator that improves thermal efficiency by reducing unnecessary heat loss.

1 is a principle diagram of the absorption heat pump system of the present invention

Figure 2 (a) (b) is an embodiment showing a generator structure and combustion gas flow chart of the absorption heat pump of the present invention

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the generator of the absorption heat pump of the present invention

4 is a perspective view showing the generator inner cylinder of the present invention

FIG. 5A is a top view of FIG. 4

FIG. 5B is a bottom view of FIG. 4

Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10-Generator 20-GAX Absorber

30-Evaporator 40-Rectifier

50-GAX Part 60-Solution Cooling Absorber

70-Solution Pump 80-Refrigerant Heat Exchanger

90-GAX Generator 100-Absorber

110-condenser

The purpose of the present invention, the inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320 in the form of a cylinder, the inner cylinder 321 is provided with an exhaust port 305 on the upper side, the combustion gas inlet 312 below the inner cylinder 321 is A generator (10) opened to regenerate the solution by passage of the combustion gas;

A rectifier 40 for rectifying ammonia vapor having high purity, and a condenser 110 for condensing the ammonia vapor having a higher purity in the rectifier 40;

The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling;

The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle;

The generator 10 of the absorption heat pump is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320 having a circular pipe shape, and the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port 350 at an upper portion thereof, and a burner 360 at a lower portion thereof. It is achieved by providing a rectifying section 340 composed of a rectifying stage in the upper portion, a laminar GAX heat exchanger in the middle portion, and a laminar flow portion 380 for laminarly flowing ammonia solution at different concentrations in the lower portion.

On the other hand, in the rectifier 40, or the generator having the laminar flow stage or the generator of the GAX heat exchanger unit is integrally provided with the heat transfer fin 306 having a corrugation in the circumferential direction.

Inside the inner circumferential surface of the heat transfer fin 306, a combustion gas flow path is provided such that a combustion gas flows between the heat transfer fins 306 by a combustion gas inner cylinder induction pipe 700 having a lower portion sealed in a hemisphere or a similar shape and having a pipe shape in a longitudinal direction. Will be limited.

The inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 321 and the left circumferential surface of the heat transfer fin 306 are further joined to the inner circumferential surface of the heat transfer fin 306 and the outer circumferential surface of the combustion gas inner cylinder guide pipe 700 by a brazing method.

Therefore, the rectifier 40 or the GAX heat exchanger laminar flow stage or generator may be integrally formed to increase the thermal efficiency and to manufacture the compact size.

And, by restricting the combustion gas flow so that the combustion gas moves between the heat transfer fins 306, the thermal efficiency is improved.

In addition, the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder and the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube of the combustion gas are joined by a brazing method to enhance the contact between the combustion gas and the generator or the heat exchanger fin in the inner cylinder of the generator, thereby increasing the contact area of the joint surface to achieve good heat transfer. There is an effect to prevent the combustion gas inner cylinder induction rod from overheating.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is an overall circuit diagram showing the absorption heat pump system of the present invention, Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 (b) shows the generator structure of the absorption heat pump features of the present invention in cross-sectional view.

3 is a perspective view of the outside of the generator 10, Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of the inner cylinder of the generator, Figure 5 (a) is a plan view for showing the heat exchange configuration, and Figure 5 (b) is Each is shown in the bottom view.

The operating principle of the ammonia absorption heat pump as shown in Figure 1 is to absorb the evaporation heat generated when the refrigerant (ammonia) evaporates in the absorption solution (water or rare solution) to take the heat, and to absorb the heat absorbed appropriate cooling means (cooling tower Alternatively, the heat is released to the outside using an air-cooled cooling device, and when the refrigerant evaporates, the heat is deprived of heat, and the cooled evaporator 30 is appropriately exchanged for cooling or freezing, and the ammonia concentration is increased through absorption of the refrigerant (ammonia). The elevated absorbent solution is allowed to be regenerated by appropriate heating means.

The absorption type air conditioner using ammonia as a refrigerant and water absorbent as an absorbent includes a generator 10 for generating refrigerant vapor (ammonia vapor) and a rectifier 40 for rectifying it into high purity ammonia vapor. The condenser 110 condensing ammonia vapor, the ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 is introduced into the evaporator 30, the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil is moved to the absorber 100, the evaporator The cold water flowing in the evaporation coil of 30 to the heat evaporated by the refrigerant evaporated, the evaporator 30 used for cooling, the refrigerant vapor moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor in the generator (10) Aqueous solution of dilute ammonia flows into the absorber 100 and is scattered on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film, and flows down in the vertical direction. And an absorber 100 for absorbing the ammonia vapor, and a solution pump 70 for sending the ammonia solution having a higher concentration to the generator.

The absorption heat pump configured as described above is heated by gas combustion in the generator 10 to obtain a solution (medical solution) in which ammonia, a refrigerant having a low boiling point, evaporates and ammonia concentration is reduced. This solution is sent to the absorber 100 and the steam generated in the generator 10 contains a lot of water vapor in addition to ammonia, so that the ammonia concentration in the rectifier 40 is further increased and sent to the condenser 110. The ammonia vapor, the concentration of which is increased to about 99.8% through the rectifier, is condensed in the condenser 110, and the condensed ammonia solution (strong solution) is sent to the evaporator 30, which is sprayed on the evaporator heat pipe by the feeder, and the evaporator 30 ) It evaporates in the heat exchanger tube to obtain a cooling effect. The evaporated ammonia refrigerant flows into the absorber 100 through the refrigerant heat exchanger 80 and is absorbed by the absorbing solution (medical solution) sprayed on the absorber heat pipe.

Absorbed heat absorbed by the absorber 100 is released to the atmosphere. The absorbent solution (strong solution) whose concentration is increased in the absorber 100 is introduced into the generator 10 through several heat exchangers for improving efficiency by the solution pump 70, and the cycle is configured to repeat the regeneration process. Cooling is maintained through.

In the present invention, the above-described cooling cycle is performed as follows.

The ammonia solution level in the generator 10 including the inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320 is located between the upper part of the laminar flow stage 380 located below the generator and the lower part of the GAX heat exchange coil 330 of the GAX generator 90. The laminar flow stage is filled with ammonia solution of low concentration.

This ammonia chemical solution is heated by the gas burner through the inner cylinder 321, the temperature of the solution rises while the ammonia solution near the inner cylinder 321 is higher than the solution on the outer cylinder 320 side, The ammonia generated from the inner cylinder 321 side generates a large amount of ammonia vapor, and the ammonia gas rises upward through the cutout 322 provided inside the laminar flow stage along the inner cylinder wall.

In addition, the ammonia solution located on the outer cylinder 320 side descends into the space between the outer circumferential side of the laminar flow stage and the outer cylinder inner wall along the wall surface of the inner cylinder 321.

The laminar flow section 380 having a plurality of laminar flow stages stacked therein is ammonia solution and gaseous ammonia solution located at the upper side of the laminar flow stage, and the concentration of the ammonia solution is increased to become a strong solution. As the concentration becomes thinner, each of the laminar flow stages changes according to their respective concentrations. At the bottom of the laminar flow stage, the medicinal solution with the lowest ammonia concentration is located, and the medicinal solution is extracted through the medicinal liquid extraction tube 324 provided in the laminar flow stage. Pressure in the generator moves to the GAX ejector.

The pressure of the generator is normally maintained at 1.5 MPa. At this pressure, the ammonia solution evaporates in the evaporator 30 in an ejector manner, and passes through the GAX heat exchange coil 330 while drawing the ammonia gas moved to the absorber 100. Once again moved to the absorber 100 is sprayed on the absorber coil.

The ammonia gas vaporized by burner heat in the laminar flow stage rises to reach the rectification stage 340 located at the top of the generator, and the gas movement hole provided at the inner side of the inner cylinder 321 wall of the supply plate 342 located at the bottom of the rectification stage. Ascending through the (343), to reach the rectifier stage 340 and moves to the space formed with the cutout portion 343 and the outer cylinder 320 wall provided in the rectifier stage, and moves in both circumferential directions from the rectifier stage 340 Again, the path continues to move upward between the incision 343 and the wall of the outer cylinder 320.

As described above, the elevated ammonia gas moves to the condensation rectifier 520 through the pipe 650 provided at the upper part of the generator, and reverses the direction of the ammonia gas moved to one inner wall surface of the condensation rectifier. While passing through the annular condensation coil 521 located, the water vapor of the ammonia gas containing some water vapor is condensed to be highly purified and moved to the air-cooled cooling condenser 100.

The water vapor condensed by the condensation rectifier 520 is brought into a liquid state, is collected in the lower part of the condensation rectifier 520, and the liquid solution is supplied to the upper part of the rectifier 40.

The ammonia gas that has moved to the condenser 100 is condensed in the condenser 110 to become a liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant heat exchanger 80 exchanges heat with the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 30 and passes through the expansion valve 99. While entering the evaporator to evaporate in the evaporator coil.

As the refrigerant evaporates, the evaporation coil is cooled and cold water introduced from the indoor unit is sprinkled on the cooling coil, and the cold water cooled by heat exchange from the evaporator coil is sent to the indoor unit to cool through the heat exchanger of the indoor unit.

The ammonia gas evaporated from the evaporator 30 moves to the absorber 100, is absorbed by the medicinal solution sprayed on the upper part of the absorber 100, is collected on the lower surface of the absorber 100, and is dissolved in the medicinal solution containing ammonia gas. It is a strong solution with high ammonia concentration.

The above process is to release the heat absorbed by the absorber 100 to the atmosphere through heat exchange of the air-cooled cooling coil (104).

The strong solution moves to the solution pump 70 and passes through the condensation coil 512 of the condensation rectifier by the solution pump pressurization to condense water vapor, moves to the absorber heat exchanger coil, absorbs heat, and is supplied to the rectifying unit.

The steel solution supplied to the top of the rectifying unit 340 moves downward through a cutout having a plurality of rectifying stages 341 at the rectifying stage, and moves along both circumferential paths at each of the rectifying stages 341. Is sprayed on the annular GAX heat exchange coil 330 through the supply hole 348 or the supply nozzle provided on the outer peripheral side of the supply stage to the supply stage 342 provided at the bottom of the rectifying stage. After undergoing heat exchange and heat exchange, the laminar flow stage 380 is moved to the upper part to perform the regeneration process again.

The combustion gas of the burner 360 located under the generator heats the laminar flow stage 380 and ascends along the inner cylinder 321 and passes through the heat exchange fins 306 provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder. While heating, the temperature is gradually lowered and exhausted through the exhaust port 350.

When heating, the air-conditioning switching valve indicated by the dotted line blocks the flow path to the condenser 110 and the absorber 100 during cooling and flows to the flow path indicated by the dotted line.

This action is the hot steam generated in the generator 10 is directed to the evaporator 30 without moving to the condenser to heat the heat pipe of the evaporator 30 and takes the heat source of heating through heat exchange with the evaporator heat pipe. The ammonia solution condensed by dissipating heat by heating is circulated to the generator through the rectifier solution cooling absorber and the GAX generator 90 by a solution pump in the lower part of the absorber, and reheated to maintain a heating cycle to continuously perform heating.

When heating, do not allow cooling of the condenser and absorber. That is, in the case of air cooling, the cooling fan stops, and in the case of water cooling, the cooling water pump is not operated, and unnecessary heat is not released to the outside air. In particular, the condenser is not cooled in the condenser to prevent condensation.

The present invention can increase the performance of the thermal efficiency and can be designed and manufactured in a compact size, there is no limitation in the installation place.

In addition, by enhancing the contact between the combustion gas and the heat exchange fins in the generator or the inner cylinder, the heat efficiency is improved and the brazing is performed to increase the contact area of the joint surface, thereby achieving good heat transfer and preventing the heat exchange fins and the combustion gas inner tube induction pipe from overheating. It is effective.

Claims (4)

The inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320 in the form of a cylinder, the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port 305 in the upper portion, the combustion gas inlet 312 is opened in the lower inner cylinder 321 to the passage of the combustion gas A generator 10 for regenerating the solution; A rectifier 40 for rectifying ammonia vapor having high purity, and a condenser 110 for condensing the ammonia vapor having a higher purity in the rectifier 40; The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling; The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle; The generator 10 is the generator 10 of the absorption type heat pump is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320 of a circular pipe shape, the inner cylinder 321 is provided with an exhaust outlet end 340 at the top, The lower part includes a burner, a rectifying part 340 configured as a rectifying stage at an upper part thereof, an annular GAX heat exchange part at an intermediate part thereof, and a laminar flow part 380 having a laminar flow of ammonia solution by concentration at the lower part thereof. Generator of absorption air-conditioning device characterized in that. The generator according to claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder 321 of the generator 10 is provided with heat transfer fins 306 having corrugations in the circumferential direction. 2. The generator of claim 1, wherein a condensation rectifier (520) having a condensation coil (521) is installed at an upper portion of the generator (10) through a pipe (650). 3. The generator of claim 2, wherein a combustion gas inner cylinder induction pipe 700 having a lower hemispherical shape is installed in the heat transfer fin 306.