KR102556707B1 - Stem cutting device for harvesting dry crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is towed by a traction device such as a tractor before harvesting various field crops such as garlic, onion, or sweet potato, and cutting the stems in advance while driving along the ridge, thereby maximizing harvest workability and harvest efficiency by the harvester. In particular, in spite of the left and right slopes or bends of the furrow where the crops to be harvested are located, the cutting height of the stem can always be kept constant. The provided frame 100 and; a drive box 200 provided on the front upper portion of the frame 100 to receive power from the tractor; A pair of stem cutting blades 300 disposed at the lower left and right sides of the frame 100 and rotating in opposite directions by receiving power from the drive box 200; An inner ring equipped with a height adjuster 410 installed at the rear or front of the frame 100 to adjust the height between the stem cutting blade 300 and the furrow R while traveling along the furrow R (400);

Description

Stem cutting device for harvesting dry crops}

The present invention is towed by a traction device such as a tractor before harvesting various field crops such as garlic, onion, or sweet potato, and cutting the stems in advance while driving along the ridge, thereby maximizing harvest workability and harvest efficiency by the harvester. In particular, it is possible to keep the cutting height of the stem constant at all times despite the left-right slope or front-back bending of the field where the crop to be harvested is located.

Garlic and onion, which are field crops, occupy a significant portion in dietary life, and their production tends to increase every year. Since these garlic and onions are concentrated in the harvesting process in the entire cultivation process from sowing to harvesting, mechanization in the harvesting stage is essential to improve productivity.

On the other hand, devices for excavating and collecting garlic or onions have been developed and used for a long time at home and abroad, while machines that automatically cut garlic or onion stems do not reach this level. In addition to the fact that manpower is being put in, in the case of using equipment equipped with a stem cutting device in the harvester itself, equipment to stand up the fallen stems must be separately attached, and the stems have fallen irregularly in all directions, so they are neatly arranged. In the case of domestic onion cultivation, it is difficult to harvest onions by cutting the stems without mechanically damaging the onion because the mulching vinyl and the stems of the onion are entangled as they are grown using mulching vinyl.

As the prior art related to the present invention, Patent Documents 1 to 4 are searched, and the self-propelled onion harvester of Patent Document 1 is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle body from excavation of onions to cutting and collection of leaf stems without cutting the stems in advance. It is designed to be carried out in the section, transfer section, stem cutting section, and loading section, which causes a lot of trouble due to the stem during the excavation and transfer process in the state where the leaf stem of the onion is collapsed in the field, resulting in a decrease in harvest efficiency. there is.

In addition, the bulbous crop harvester of Patent Document 2 is installed and used at the rear of the cultivator, and consists of a structure provided with an excavation means, a stem cutting means, and a separation means, but the stem cutting means in Patent Document 2 simply moves the harvester. It is only to remove the stems extending outward of the furrows that interfere with the cropping.

In addition, the self-propelled onion stem cutting device of Patent Document 3 is to cut the stem of the onion in addition to winding the mulching vinyl to minimize the damage of the onion to facilitate onion harvest. It is equipped with a reaping unit that cuts the onion stems located at , and this reaping unit is made in the form of a kind of trimmer, so that the upper and lower trimmer blades cross left and right to cut the onion stems, so that the cut stems are piled up. As a result, there is a disadvantage in that the cutting of the stem cannot be performed smoothly.

On the other hand, Patent Document 4 is a device for erecting the stem and leaf portion of the harvester, and in a harvester such as an onion having a stem leaf cutting device and an excavator blade, a stem raising device is installed in front of the stem leaf cutting device to prevent irregularly fallen stems. It is designed so that it can be erected while cutting and guided to the cutting device at the rear, but it is installed in front of the harvester and it is not easy to erect the fallen stem while moving with the harvester. becomes

In addition, the field where garlic or onion is planted may be completely flat, but depending on the case, in a field with a left-right slope or a front-back curve, height adjustment is required to keep the cutting blade of the stem cutter at a constant height on the field when the stem cutter is running. Since the wheels were configured to move along the furrows on the left and right sides of the furrow, not along the furrow, it was difficult for the cutting blade to maintain a constant height along the slope or inclination of the furrow. It was necessary to remove the mulching film, but the mulching film was covered with soil on the left and right sides of the furrow, so when the worker pulled it by hand, it could not be easily removed due to the weight of the soil and broke off.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0824502 (Registered on April 6, 2008) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1048455 (registered on July 5, 2011) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1565215 (registered on October 27, 2015) Japanese Registered Patent No. 3454261 (registered on July 25, 2003)

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is towed by a traction device such as a tractor instead of cutting the stems by manpower before harvesting various field crops such as garlic, onions, or sweet potatoes, or towed by a harvester Harvesting equipment by attaching to the shear and driving along the furrow to cut the stems in advance several times in multiple stages, but cleanly without missing parts, and the cut stems do not pile up on the furrow but scatter into the furrows on the left and right sides of the furrow can be used to maximize harvesting efficiency, keep the cutting height of the stem constant regardless of the left-right inclination or back-and-forth bending of the field where the crops to be harvested are located, and split the mulching film in the middle. It is to provide a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops with an improved structure that can facilitate the work of removing the mulching film after cutting the stem by doing so.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a frame equipped with an outer wheel and a traction unit traveling along a furrow;

a drive box provided on the front upper portion of the frame and receiving power from the tractor;

a pair of stem-cutting blades disposed on the lower left and right sides of the frame and rotating in opposite directions by receiving power from the drive box;

It provides a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops comprising an inner ring installed at the front or rear of the frame and equipped with a height adjusting tool for adjusting the height between the stem cutting blade and the furrow while traveling along the furrow.

In a preferred embodiment, the pair of stem cutting blades are made of three blades to cut the upper, middle, and lower portions of the stem in three stages, and the left and right stem cutting blades have overlapping radii of rotation but do not collide with each other. It is arranged at a rotation angle that does not occur, so that there is no area where stem cutting is missed.

Preferably, the stem-cutting blade includes three upper, middle, and lower rotary blades having a radially intermediate portion axially coupled to a rotating shaft, and a disk blade fixed to the distal end of the rotating blade, and the radially axially coupled. Among the three rotor blades, the upper and lower rotor blades are bent upward and downward from the middle to the outside, so that the disk blades at the end have a phase difference with each other, and the middle rotor blade is flat and rotates up and down. It is located between the blades, and the upper, middle, and lower rotor blades gradually decrease in radius toward the bottom so that the stem is cut three times in steps 1, 2, and 3 from the top.

Preferably, the inner ring primarily supports the load of the frame, and the outer ring assists the load of the frame, but adjusts the supporting force so that it can stably support the load of the frame despite the left-right inclination or front-back bending of the ridge It is equipped with a variable suspension capable of absorbing shock during driving at the same time.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, before harvesting various field crops such as garlic, onion, or sweet potato with a harvester, the stem cutting blade of the stem cutting device maintains a constant height by the inner wheel stepping on a flat, inclined, or curved field By crushing the stems of crops in multiple stages and scattering them into the furrows on both sides of the furrow, and splitting the middle of the mulching film on the furrow, the subsequent removal of the mulching film can be facilitated, as well as garlic, onion or It has the effect of maximizing the efficiency of the harvesting work as the transfer of sweet potatoes is done quickly and smoothly.

1 is a side view of a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
2 is a front view of a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
3 is a plan view of a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
4 is a rear view of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
5 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1;
6 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 2;
7 is a side view of a stem cutting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments that do not limit the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 show a stem cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the drawing, the stem cutting device 10 of this embodiment includes a frame 100 provided with an outer wheel 110 and a traction unit 120 traveling along a furrow F;

a driving box 200 provided on the front upper portion of the frame 100 and receiving power from a tractor (not shown);

A pair of stem cutting blades 300 disposed at the lower left and right sides of the frame 100 and rotating in opposite directions by receiving power from the drive box 200;

A height adjuster 410 is installed at the rear (or front) of the frame 100 to adjust the height between the stem cutting blade 300 and the furrow R while traveling along the furrow R. It consists of including; the inner ring 400.

In this embodiment, the pair of stem cutting blades 300 is made of three blades to cut the upper, middle, and lower portions of the stem in three steps, and the left and right stem cutting blades 300 have a partial rotation radius. It overlaps but is arranged at a rotation angle that does not collide with each other so that there is no area where stem cutting is missed.

In this embodiment, the stem cutting blade 300 includes three upper, middle, and lower rotary blades 320, 330, and 340 having radially coupled intermediate portions to the rotary shaft 310, and distal ends of the rotary blades 320, 330, and 340. Among the three rotary blades 320, 330, 340 that include fixed disk blades 322, 332, and 342, and are radially coupled, the upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340 are bent upward and downward from the middle toward the outside, respectively. The disk blades 322 and 342 have a phase difference with each other up and down, and the middle rotary blade 330 is formed in a flat plate shape to be located between the upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340, and the upper, middle and lower rotary blades 320 and 330 , 340) is such that the radius gradually decreases as it goes downward, so that the stem (S) of the crop (G) such as garlic is cut in the upper stem, the middle stem is cut, and the lower stem is cut in steps 1, 2, and 3 from the top This is done sequentially over three times.

As a result, since the effect of cutting the stems at various heights occurs, there is an advantage in that the stems can be finely crushed, and by finely crushing the stems, it is possible to effectively remove the thickly grown stems in the furrow.

In this embodiment, the two stem cutting blades 300 are installed in opposite directions, that is, the left and right stem cutting blades 300 rotate outward in the direction of travel, respectively, so that the radius of rotation partially overlaps. There is no blind spot where the stem is not cut.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the two left and right stem cutting blades 300 are disposed on the left and right rotational shafts 310 at a rotational angle that does not collide with each other so that portions with overlapping rotation radii do not collide with each other, and the left and right rotational shafts ( 310) is such that power is transmitted from the input shaft 312 of the bevel gearbox to the output shaft 210 of the drive box 200 through the chain coupling 220, so that the rotation angles of the left and right stem cutting blades 300 are offset. After that, when the chain coupling 220 is connected to the output shaft 210 of the drive box 200, it effectively absorbs a slight mis-alignment, while causing belt slip in the conventional power transmission method by a belt. The collision between the left and right cutting blades 300 due to the change in rotation angle is prevented, and at the same time, the left and right rotary blades 320, 330, and 340 always rotate at an angle that crosses each other, so that they do not collide with each other.

Reference numerals 212 and 314 in the drawing denote sprockets shaft-coupled to the output shaft 210 and the input shaft 312, respectively, and are connected to the chain coupling 220 from the outside.

In this embodiment, two front outer wheels 110 and two rear outer wheels 110 are provided on the front and rear outer sides of the frame 100, and the front and rear outer wheels 110 are variable suspension 130 ) is provided to assist the load of the frame 100, but effectively adjust the bearing capacity and effectively reduce the impact during driving so that the load of the frame 100 can be stably supported despite the left-right inclination or front-back bending of the furrow R. It is meant to be absorbed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the variable suspension 130 is a guide tube in which a coil spring 133 and a strut 134 are embedded in a fixing tube 132 made of a square tube shape welded to the frame 100 ( 136) is welded, a column 138 supporting the outer ring 110 is coupled to the lower end of the strut 134, and the upper end of the strut 134 is exposed to the upper part of the guide tube 136, and the strut Pin holes 135 for adjusting the elasticity of the coil spring 133 are formed at regular intervals in 134 so that the pin 137 can be inserted at the upper end of the guide tube 136.

A drive box 200 is installed on the upper part of the frame 100, and a three-point towing unit 120 is provided in front of the frame 100 so that a tractor can be towed by being connected with a pin thereto. And, it is connected to the drive box 200 through the input shaft 202 from the PTO of a tractor not shown, so that the stem cutting blade 300 can be rotated.

The drive box 200 receives power from a tractor, etc., performs proper acceleration and deceleration, and then transmits power to the stem cutting blades 300 on both sides. In the plan view of FIG. 3, the stem cutting blade 300 on the right side clockwise , and the left stem cutting blade 300 is designed to rotate counterclockwise.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, on the outside of the stem cutting blade 300, the rear and side surfaces of the frame 100 are prevented from scattering in all directions and at the same time the cut stems fall into the furrows on both sides of the furrow. A skirt guard 140 surrounding the whole is attached.

The skirt guard 140 is preferably made of a soft rubber material so that it is not damaged even when the cut stems collide with each other and generates less noise.

In this embodiment, the inner wheel 400 is installed at the rear of the frame 100 and travels along the furrow R while the stem cutting blade 300 and the furrow R The height between the furrows can be adjusted. Since crops G such as garlic are planted on the furrows R, the plurality of wheels 402 grounded on the furrows R are positioned between the left and right planting intervals of the crops G A plurality of columns are installed along the support shaft 404, and both ends of the support shaft 404 can be moved up and down on the frame 100 by the height adjuster 410 (column 406). ) can be supported.

The height adjusters 410 on both sides are, for example, coupled with the column 406 supporting the wheel 402 of the inner ring 400 in a rack-and-pinion manner, so that the support shaft 404 maintains the same level. It can be adjusted to different degrees according to the left and right inclination of the furrow (R).

On the other hand, it is preferable that the distance between the wheels 402 can be adjusted according to the left and right planting distance of the crop (G).

7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which has the same basic configuration as the above-described embodiment, except that a mulching film cutter (500 ) is further provided to cut the stem and at the same time cut the middle part of the mulching film along the lengthwise direction to remove the mulching film before crop harvest. It can be pulled and removed.

In the mulching film cutter 500, a cutting blade 510 such as a circular saw is rotatably attached to the lower end of a support arm 520, and the support arm 520 has a hinge 530 attached to the rear end of the frame 100. ), so that the middle part of the mulching film above the furrow is cut when the stem cutting device 10 is running, and when not in use, it can be lifted up to be lifted from the top of the furrow or removed from the frame. Although not shown in the drawings, the tension coil spring is connected to the rear end of the frame 100 and the support arm 520 so that when the support arm 520 is lifted at a predetermined angle or more, the lifted state is maintained by the contraction force of the tension coil spring. Then, when the support arm 520 is pressed downward, the star-shaped cutting blade 510 can be maintained in close contact with the furrow by the contraction force of the tension coil spring.

The stem cutting device of the present embodiment configured as described above cuts the stem while passing over the furrow where garlic or onion is planted while being towed by being attached to a tractor, etc. ) can be used to adjust the height of the stem cutting blade 300 and the furrow R, so the cutting height of the stem of the crop G can be kept constant, and the inner ring 400 can adjust the horizontal inclination of the furrow or the front and back bending of the furrow. Since it travels along the slope, it has the advantage of always cutting the stem of crops at a constant height even on slopes or curved furrows, not on flat ground, and since the radii of rotation of the left and right stem cutting blades partially overlap, the stem located in the middle is omitted. Since the left and right stem cutting blades rotate in opposite and outward directions, the stems on the furrow are cut and dispersed into the furrows on the left and right of the furrow, so that the cut stems are stagnant on the furrow. It does not interfere with the driving of the cutting device or the harvesting work of the subsequent harvester, and the stem cutting blade finely crushes the stems on the furrow several times in multiple stages so that the uncut stems do not remain, so that garlic on the furrow After removing the stalks of onions or sweet potatoes cleanly, the harvester is put in to excavate and transport. During the excavation and transport process, the harvester can operate smoothly by the stems. The work of removing the mulching film can also be done easily, which has the advantage of maximizing the efficiency of harvesting field crops.

1: Stem cutting device
100: frame
110: outer ring
120: traction part
130: variable suspension
132: fixed tube
133: coil spring
134: strut
135: pin hole
136: guide tube
137: pin
138: column
140: skirt guard
200: driving box
202: input shaft
210: output shaft
212, 314: sprocket
220: chain coupling
300: stem cutting blade
310: axis of rotation
312: input shaft
320,330,340: rotary blade
322,332,342: disk blade
400: inner ring
402: wheel
404: support shaft
406: column
410: height adjustment tool
500: mulch film cutting machine
510: cutting blade
520: support arm
530: hinge
R: plow
F: furrow
G: Crop
S: stem

Claims (8)

A frame 100 equipped with an outer wheel 110 and a traction unit 120 traveling along the furrow F;
a drive box 200 provided on the front upper portion of the frame 100 to receive power from the tractor;
A pair of stem cutting blades 300 disposed at the lower left and right sides of the frame 100 and rotating in opposite directions by receiving power from the drive box 200;
An inner ring equipped with a height adjuster 410 installed at the rear or front of the frame 100 to adjust the height between the stem cutting blade 300 and the furrow R while traveling along the furrow R (400); including,
The outer ring 110 is provided with a variable suspension 130, and the variable suspension 130 is a guide in which a coil spring 133 and a strut 134 are embedded in a fixed tube 132 welded to the frame 100 The tube 136 is welded, the column 138 supporting the outer ring 110 is coupled to the lower end of the strut 134, and the upper end of the strut 134 is exposed to the top of the guide tube 136, In the strut 134, pin holes 135 for adjusting the elasticity of the coil spring 133 are formed at regular intervals so that the pin 137 can be inserted at the top of the guide tube 136, and the inner ring A plurality of wheels 400 are installed along the support shaft 404 so that the wheel 402 grounded on the furrow R can be positioned between the left and right planting intervals of the crop G, and both ends of the support shaft 404 Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that it can be supported by a column 406 capable of ascending and descending to the frame 100 by the height adjusting sphere 410.
delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
The pair of left and right stem cutting blades 300 are disposed on the left and right rotational shafts 310 at rotation angles that do not collide with each other so that portions with overlapping rotation radii do not collide with each other, and the left and right rotational shafts 310 are input shafts. Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that 312 is connected to the output shaft 210 of the drive box 200 so that power is transmitted to the chain coupling 220.
The method of claim 1,
Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that a mulching film cutter 500 for cutting the middle of the mulching film covered on the furrow is further provided at the middle part of the rear end of the frame 100.
The method of claim 6,
In the mulching film cutter 500, a cutting blade 510 such as a circular saw is rotatably attached to the lower end of a support arm 520, and the support arm 520 has a hinge 530 at the rear end of the frame 100 Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that combined with.
The method of claim 1,
The stem cutting blade 300 includes three upper, middle, and lower rotary blades 320, 330, and 340 having radially coupled intermediate portions to the rotary shaft 310, and disk blades 322, 332, and 342 fixed to the distal ends of the rotary blades 320, 330, and 340. Among the three radially coupled rotary blades 320,330,340, the upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340 are bent upwards and downwards from the middle toward the outer periphery, respectively, so that the disk blades 322 and 342 at the ends are mutually It has a phase difference up and down, and the middle rotor blade 330 is formed in a flat plate shape to be located between the upper and lower rotor blades 320 and 340, and the upper, middle and lower rotor blades 320, 330 and 340 gradually have a radius as they go downward. The stem (S) of the crop (G), such as garlic, is reduced in steps 1, 2, and 3 from the top so that the upper stem is cut, the middle stem is cut, and the lower stem is cut sequentially three times. Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that.