KR20220005979A - Stem cutting device for harvesting dry crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stem cutting apparatus for harvesting dry crops, which is able to be towed by a towing apparatus such as a tractor before harvesting various dry crops such as garlic, onion, and sweet potato, drive along a ridge, cut stems in advance, and maximize harvesting workability and harvesting efficiency by a harvester. More specifically, the present invention relates to a stem cutting apparatus for harvesting dry crops, which is able to keep a certain cut height of stems despite transversal inclinations and curves of ridges where the crops to be harvested are located. According to the present invention, the stem cutting apparatus for harvesting dry crops comprises: a frame (100) having an outer wheel (110) driving along a furrow (F) and a towing unit (120); a driving box (200) placed on a front upper side of the frame (100) and receiving power from a tractor; a pair of stem cutting blades (300) placed on a lower left side and a lower right side of the frame (100) and receiving power from the driving box (200) and rotating in the opposite directions to each other; and an inner wheel (400) installed on a rear side or a front side of the frame (100), and driving along the ridges (R), and having a height controller (410) for controlling the height between the stem cutting blades (300) and the ridges (R).

Description

Stem cutting device for harvesting dry crops

The present invention is towed by a tractor, such as a tractor, before harvesting various field crops such as garlic, onion, or sweet potato to maximize harvest workability and harvest efficiency by the harvester by cutting the stem in advance while driving along the ridge. In particular, it is designed to keep the cutting height of the stem constant at all times despite the left and right slopes or front and rear curves of the ridge where the crops to be harvested are located.

Garlic and onion, which are field crops, occupy a very important part in the diet, and their production tends to increase year by year. In order to improve productivity, mechanization in the harvesting stage is essential for these garlic and onions, since labor is intensively applied during harvesting in the entire cultivation process from sowing to harvest.

On the other hand, devices for excavating and collecting garlic or onion have been developed and used for a long time at home and abroad, while machines for automatically cutting garlic or onion stems do not reach this level. Of course, when manpower is being put in, when using equipment equipped with a stem cutting device in the harvester itself, equipment for erecting fallen stems must be separately attached, and the stems are arranged irregularly in all directions. It is difficult to stand while doing it, and in the case of domestic onion cultivation, it is difficult to harvest onions by mechanically cutting the stems without damaging the onion because the mulching vinyl and the onion stems are entangled as they are grown using mulching vinyl.

As the prior art related to the present invention, Patent Documents 1 to 4 are searched. The self-propelled onion harvester of Patent Document 1 does not cut the leaf stem in advance, but cuts and collects the leaf stem from the onion excavation. It can be carried out in the part and transfer part, and the stem cutting part and the dropping part. This is because the stem causes a lot of trouble during the excavation and transport process when the onion leaf stem is collapsed in the field, thereby reducing the harvest efficiency. have.

In addition, the bulbous crop harvester of Patent Document 2 is installed and used at the rear of the tiller, and has a structure equipped with an excavation means, a stem cutting means and a separation means. It is merely to remove the stem extending outward of the mound that interferes with the planting.

In addition, the self-propelled onion stem cutting device of Patent Document 3 cuts the onion stem while winding the mulching vinyl to minimize damage to the onion to facilitate the onion harvest, which is between the mulching vinyl and the soil when the mulching vinyl is removed. It is equipped with a cutting unit for cutting onion stems located on the There is a disadvantage in that the cutting operation of the stem is not performed smoothly.

On the other hand, Patent Document 4 is a device for erecting the stem and leaf part of a harvester, and in a harvesting machine such as an onion having a stem leaf cutting device and an excavator blade, a stem standing device is installed in front of the stem leaf cutting device to remove irregularly fallen stems. It is designed to be erected while dividing and guided by the cutting device at the rear, but it is installed in front of the harvester and it is not easy to erect the fallen stem while moving with the harvester. becomes this

In addition, the field planted with garlic or onion may be perfectly flat, but in some cases, in a field with left and right slopes or front and rear curves of the bed, the height adjustment is made so that the cutting blade of the stem cutter can maintain a constant height above the bed when the stem cutter is running. Since the wheels were structured to move along the furrows on the left and right sides of the field, it was difficult to keep the cutting blade at a constant height along the slope or slope of the field. The mulching film had to be removed, but the left and right sides of the mulching film were covered with soil.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0824502 (Registered on 04.06.2008) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1048455 (Registered on Jul. 5, 2011) Korean Patent No. 10-1565215 (Registered on October 27, 2015) Japanese Patent No. 3454261 (Registered on July 25, 2003)

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to be pulled by a traction device such as a tractor or harvester instead of cutting the stem by manpower before harvesting various field crops such as garlic, onion or sweet potato. By attaching to the front end and driving along the mound, the stem can be cut short and multiple times in advance, but it can be cut cleanly without missing parts. to maximize harvesting efficiency using To provide a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops of an improved structure that can facilitate the operation of removing the mulching film after cutting the stem.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a frame provided with an outer ring and a traction unit running along the furrow;

a driving box provided on the front upper portion of the frame to receive power from the tractor;

a pair of stem cutting blades disposed on the lower left and right sides of the frame to receive power from the driving box and rotate in opposite directions;

It provides a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops comprising a; it is installed in the front or rear of the frame and is provided with a height adjusting member for adjusting the height between the stem cutting blade and the bed while driving along the bed.

In a preferred embodiment, the pair of stem cutting blades consists of three blades to cut the upper, middle, and lower portions of the stem in three steps, and the left and right stem cutting blades overlap some of the rotation radii but do not collide with each other. They are placed at a different angle of rotation to avoid areas where stem cuttings are missed.

Preferably, the stem cutting blade comprises upper, middle, and lower three rotary blades in which the middle part is shaft-coupled radially to the rotary shaft, and a disk blade fixed to the distal end of the rotary blade, and the shaft is radially coupled. Among the three rotor blades, the upper and lower rotor blades are bent upwards and downwards from the middle part toward the outside, respectively, so that the disk blades at the ends have a phase difference between the top and bottom, and the rotor blades in the middle form a flat plate shape to rotate the upper and lower parts. It is positioned between the blades, and the radius of the upper, middle, and lower rotary blades is gradually reduced as it goes downward, so that the stem is cut from the upper part in steps 1, 2, and 3 over the third order.

Preferably, the inner ring primarily supports the load of the frame, and the outer ring supports the load of the frame auxiliary, but the bearing force is adjusted so as to stably support the load of the frame despite the left and right inclinations or front and rear bending of the ridge. It is equipped with a variable suspension capable of absorbing shocks while driving and at the same time.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, before harvesting various field crops such as garlic, onion, or sweet potato with a harvester, the stem cutting blade of the stem cutting device is flat, inclined, or curved while maintaining a constant height by the inner ring passing by stepping on the ridge. The stems of crops are finely crushed in multiple stages to scatter in the furrows on both sides of the ridge, and by splitting the middle of the mulching film on the ridge, the subsequent removal of the mulching film can be facilitated, as well as garlic, onion or It has the effect of maximizing the efficiency of the harvesting operation because the transfer of sweet potatoes and the like is done quickly and smoothly.

1 is a side view of a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
2 is a front view of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
3 is a plan view of a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
4 is a rear view of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
5 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1;
6 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 2;
7 is a side view of a stem cutting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments that do not limit the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 show a stem cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the drawing, the stem cutting device 10 of this embodiment includes a frame 100 provided with an outer ring 110 and a traction unit 120 running along the furrow (F);

a driving box 200 provided on the front upper portion of the frame 100 and receiving power from a tractor (not shown);

a pair of stem cutting blades 300 disposed on the lower left and right sides of the frame 100 to receive power from the driving box 200 and rotate in opposite directions;

It is installed in the rear (or front) of the frame 100 and is provided with a height adjusting tool 410 for adjusting the height between the stem cutting blade 300 and the batduduk (R) while driving along the batduduk (R). Including the inner ring 400;

In this embodiment, the pair of stem cutting blades 300 is made of three blades to cut the upper, middle, and lower portions of the stem in three steps, and the left and right stem cutting blades 300 have a partial rotation radius. They are arranged at an angle of rotation that overlaps, but do not collide with each other, so that an area where stem cutting is omitted does not occur.

In this embodiment, the stem cutting blade 300 includes upper, middle, and lower three rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 in which a radially intermediate portion is shaft-coupled to a rotary shaft 310, and at the distal end of the rotary blade (320, 330, 340). The upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340 of the three rotary blades 320, 330, and 340 that are formed including fixed disk blades 322, 332, and 342 are respectively bent upward and downward from the middle part toward the outside, and the ends of the disk blades 322 and 342 have a phase difference up and down with each other, and the intermediate rotary blade 330 forms a flat plate shape to be positioned between the upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340, and the upper, middle, and lower rotary blades 320 and 330 , 340) is such that the radius gradually decreases as it goes downward so that the stem (S) of a crop (G) such as garlic from the top in steps 1, 2, 3 cuts the upper stem, cut the middle stem, and cut the lower stem This is done sequentially over three rounds.

Thereby, since the effect of cutting the stem at various heights occurs, there is an advantage that the stem can be crushed finely, and by finely crushing the stem, it is possible to effectively remove the stem grown thickly on the ridge.

In this embodiment, the two stem cutting blades 300 are installed so that the rotation radius partially overlaps while rotating in opposite directions, that is, the left and right stem cutting blades 300 are rotated outward in the traveling direction, respectively. There is no blind spot where the stem is not cut.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the two left and right stem cutting blades 300 are disposed on the left and right rotational shafts 310 at rotation angles that do not collide with each other so that parts with overlapping rotational radii do not collide with each other, and the left and right rotational shafts ( 310), the input shaft 312 of the bevel gear box is configured to transmit power to the output shaft 210 of the drive box 200 by the chain coupling 220, so that the rotation angle of the left and right stem cutting blades 300 is set to be misaligned. When the chain coupling 220 is connected to the output shaft 210 of the drive box 200 after this, a slight mis-alignment can be effectively absorbed, but due to the belt slip phenomenon in the conventional power transmission method by the belt The collision of the left and right exit cutting blades 300 due to the change of the rotation angle is prevented, and at the same time, the left and right rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 are always rotated at angles staggered from each other, so that they do not collide with each other.

In the drawings, reference numerals 212 and 314 denote sprockets shaft-coupled to the output shaft 210 and the input shaft 312, respectively, and are connected by a chain coupling 220 from the outside.

In this embodiment, two front outer rings 110 and two rear outer rings 110 are provided on the front and rear outer sides of the frame 100, respectively, and the front and rear outer rings 110 are the variable suspension 130 ) is provided to auxiliaryly support the load of the frame 100, but effectively control the support force and effectively reduce the impact during driving so that the load of the frame 100 can be stably supported despite the left and right inclinations or front-back bending of the ridge (R). made to be absorbed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the variable suspension 130 is a guide tube ( 136 is welded, a column 138 supporting the outer ring 110 is coupled to the lower end of the strut 134 , and the upper end of the strut 134 is exposed to the upper portion of the guide tube 136 , and the strut At 134 , pin holes 135 for adjusting the elasticity of the coil spring 133 are formed at regular intervals so that the pin 137 can be inserted at the upper end of the guide tube 136 .

A driving box 200 is installed on the upper portion of the frame 100, and a three-point traction unit 120 is provided in front of the frame 100 so that the tractor can be towed by being connected with a pin. In addition, it is connected to the drive box 200 from the PTO of the tractor (not shown) through the input shaft 202 to rotate the stem cutting blade 300 .

The drive box 200 receives power from a tractor, etc., performs appropriate acceleration/deceleration, and then transmits power to both stem cutting blades 300. In the plan view of FIG. 3, the right stem cutting blade 300 is clockwise. to rotate, and the stem cutting blade 300 on the left is designed to rotate counterclockwise.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, at the outer edge of the stem cutting blade 300, the back and sides of the frame 100 are cut so that the cut stems are prevented from scattering in all directions and at the same time the cut stems fall into the furrows on both sides of the field. A skirt guard 140 that surrounds the whole is attached.

The skirt guard 140 is preferably made of a soft rubber material, etc. so that it is not damaged even when the cut stem collides with it and generates less noise.

In this embodiment, the inner ring 400 is installed in the rear of the frame 100 and while driving along the batduk (R), the stem cutting blade 300 and the batduduk (R) by the height adjustment member 410 . It is possible to adjust the height between the bedspreads (R), since crops (G) such as garlic are planted on the bedspreads (R). A plurality of columns 406 are installed along the support shaft 404 to do so, and both ends of the support shaft 404 are vertically adjustable on the frame 100 by the height adjustment hole 410 . ) to be supported.

The height adjusters 410 on both sides are, for example, coupled to the column 406 supporting the wheel 402 of the inner ring 400 in a rack-and-pinion manner so that the support shaft 404 maintains a horizontal state. It can be adjusted to different degrees or to different degrees according to the left and right slopes of the ridge (R).

On the other hand, it is preferable that the wheel 402 be able to adjust the spacing according to the left and right planting spacing of the crop (G).

Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 7, which has the same basic configuration as the above-described embodiment, except that the mulching film cutter 500 for cutting the middle of the mulching film covered on the ridge in the middle part of the rear end of the frame 100 ) is further provided to cut the middle part of the mulching film along the longitudinal direction at the same time as cutting the stem, so that the mulching film with the middle part cut in one furrow can be easily caught in half It can be removed by pulling.

In the mulching film cutter 500 , a cutting blade 510 such as a circular saw is rotatably attached to a lower end of a support arm 520 , and the support arm 520 is a hinge 530 at the rear end of the frame 100 . ), it cuts the middle part of the mulching film on the batduk when the stem cutting device 10 is running. Although not shown in the drawing, when the support arm 520 is lifted by a predetermined angle or more by connecting the tension coil spring to the rear end of the frame 100 and the support arm 520, the lifted state is maintained by the contractile force of the tension coil spring. And, when the support arm 520 is pressed downward, the star-shaped cutting blade 510 can be maintained in close contact with the ridge by the contracting force of the tension coil spring again.

The stem cutting device of this embodiment configured as described above is attached to a tractor and towed while cutting the stem while passing over the field where garlic or onions are planted. ) can be used to adjust the height of the stem cutting blade 300 and the ridge (R), so that the cutting height of the stem of the crop (G) can be kept constant, and the inner ring 400 is the left and right slope or front and rear bending of the ridge. Since it travels along the ridge, it has the advantage of always being able to cut crop stems at a constant height even on slopes or curving bedspreads, not on flat ground. Of course, the left and right stem cutting blades rotate in opposite directions and outward, so the cut stems are stagnant on the left and right side of the field by cutting the stem above the field and distributing it into the furrows on the left and right sides of the field. It does not interfere with the running of the cutting device or interfere with the harvesting operation of the subsequent harvester, and the stem cutting blade shreds the stems on the ridge several times in multiple stages so that uncut stalks do not remain and garlic on the ridge After cleanly removing stems such as onions or sweet potatoes, the harvester is put in to carry out excavation and transport, which enables smooth operation of the harvester by the stem during the excavation and transport process. It is also possible to easily remove the mulching film, which has the advantage of maximizing the efficiency of harvesting field crops.

1: stem cutting device
100 : frame
110: outer ring
120: traction unit
130: variable suspension
132: fixed tube
133: coil spring
134: Strut
135: pin hole
136: guide tube
137: pin
138: column
140: skirt guard
200: drive box
202: input shaft
210: output shaft
212, 314: sprocket
220: chain coupling
300: stem cutting blade
310: axis of rotation
312: input shaft
320,330,340: rotary blade
322,332,342: disk blade
400: inner ring
402 : wheel
404: support shaft
406: column
410: height adjuster
500: mulchim film cutting machine
510: cutting blade
520: support arm
530: hinge
R : plow
F : furrow
G: crop
S: stem

Claims (8)

A frame 100 provided with an outer ring 110 and a traction unit 120 running along the furrow (F);
a driving box 200 provided on the front upper portion of the frame 100 to receive power from the tractor;
a pair of stem cutting blades 300 disposed on the lower left and right sides of the frame 100 to receive power from the driving box 200 and rotate in opposite directions;
An inner ring provided with a height adjusting member 410 installed at the rear or front of the frame 100 to adjust the height between the stem cutting blade 300 and the batduduk (R) while driving along the batduduk (R) (400); Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that it comprises.
The method according to claim 1,
The outer ring 110 is a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that the variable suspension 130 is provided.
3. The method according to claim 2,
In the variable suspension 130 , a coil spring 133 and a guide tube 136 having a built-in strut 134 are welded in a fixed tube 132 welded to the frame 100 , and the lower end of the strut 134 . A column 138 supporting the outer ring 110 is coupled to the strut 134 , the upper end of the strut 134 is exposed to the upper portion of the guide tube 136 , and the elasticity of the coil spring 133 is adjusted to the strut 134 . A stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that pin holes 135 are formed at regular intervals to allow the pin 137 to be inserted at the upper end of the guide tube 136.
The method according to claim 1,
A plurality of inner rings 400 are installed along the support shaft 404 so that the wheels 402 grounded on the ridge (R) can be positioned between the left and right planting intervals of the crop (G), and the support shaft (404) Both ends of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that it can be supported by a column (406) that can be adjusted up and down to the frame (100) by the height adjustment member (410).
The method according to claim 1,
The two left and right stem cutting blades 300 are disposed on the left and right rotational shafts 310 at rotation angles that do not collide with each other so that portions with overlapping rotational radii do not collide with each other, and the left and right rotational shafts 310 are input shafts 312 ) is a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that it is connected to the output shaft 210 of the drive box 200 so that power is transmitted to the chain coupling 220 .
The method according to claim 1,
Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that the mulching film cutter 500 for cutting the middle of the mulching film covered on the ridge of the frame 100 is further provided in the middle portion of the rear end of the frame 100 .
7. The method of claim 6,
In the mulching film cutter 500 , a cutting blade 510 such as a circular saw is rotatably attached to the lower end of a support arm 520 , and the support arm 520 is a hinge 530 at the rear end of the frame 100 . Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that combined with.
The method according to claim 1,
The stem cutting blade 300 includes upper, middle, and lower three rotary blades 320, 330, 340 in which a radially intermediate portion is shaft-coupled to the rotary shaft 310, and a disk blade (322, 332, 342) fixed to the distal end of the rotary blade (320, 330, 340). The upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340 of the three radially shaft-coupled rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 are respectively bent upwards and downwards from the middle part toward the outside, so that the end disk blades 322 and 342 are mutually connected. It has a phase difference up and down, and the middle rotary blade 330 forms a flat plate to be positioned between the upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340, and the upper, middle, and lower rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 have a radius gradually increasing downward. The stem (S) of a crop (G), such as garlic, is cut in three steps sequentially from the upper part to the upper part in steps 1, 2, 3 Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that.

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