KR20220005339A - Stem cutting device for harvesting dry crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stem cutting device for harvesting dry-field crops. More specifically, before harvesting work for various kinds of field crops such as sweet potato, garlic, onion or the like, the stem cutting device is lifted by a lifting machine or is attached to the front end of a harvester to cut stems beforehand while being driven along a ridge between fields, thereby maximizing workability and efficiency in the harvesting work with the harvester. The stem cutting device includes: a frame (100) including a front wheel (110) and a rear wheel (120) and also including a three-point lifting part (130) on a front side; a driving box (200) provided in an upper part of the front side of the frame (100) to receive motive power from a tractor; and a pair of stem cutting blades (300) placed on left and right sides of a lower part of the frame (100) to rotate in directions opposite to each other by receiving the motive power from the driving box (200). The pair of stem cutting blades (300) are made of triple-edged blades to cut upper, middle and lower parts of a stem throughout three steps, and also, the stem cutting blades (300) on the left and right sides have rotation radii which are partially overlapped, while are placed at rotation angles which do not collide with each other, such that the occurrence of an area in which stem cutting is omitted can be prevented.

Description

Stem cutting device for harvesting dry crops

The present invention is towed by a towing device such as a tractor before harvesting various field crops such as sweet potatoes, garlic or onions, and cutting the stems in advance while driving along the ridge to maximize the harvesting workability and harvesting efficiency by the harvester. In particular, the two stem cutting blades arranged on the left and right are rotated outward with each other so that the rotation radius is partially overlapped to prevent an area where stem cutting is omitted, but the stem cutting blade can be moved from the lower end of the stem to a certain height. It is designed so that uncut stems do not remain by allowing them to be crushed finely, and finely crushed stems can be scattered into the furrows on both sides of the ridge so that there is no hindrance to the excavation work of crops.

Garlic and onion, which are field crops, occupy a very important portion in our diet, and their production is increasing year by year. It increased to 275,549 tons, and onion production increased to 1,298,749 tons, an increase of 18.7% from 1,093,932 tons in 2015 (“2016 Barley, Garlic, Onion Production Survey Results” 2016.07.22. Statistical Office Press Release).

In order to improve productivity, mechanization in the harvesting stage is essential for these garlic and onions, since labor is intensively applied during harvesting in the entire cultivation process from sowing to harvest.

On the other hand, devices for excavating and collecting garlic or onion have been developed and used for a long time at home and abroad, while machines for automatically cutting garlic or onion stems do not reach this level. In addition to the fact that manpower is being put in, if the harvester itself is equipped with a stem cutting device, equipment for erecting the fallen stem must be separately attached, and the stem is irregularly fallen in all directions. It is difficult to stand up while arranging, and in the case of domestic onion cultivation, it is difficult to harvest onions by mechanically cutting the stems without damaging the onion because the mulching vinyl and the onion stems are entangled as they are grown using mulching vinyl.

As the prior art related to the present invention, Patent Documents 1 to 4 are searched. The self-propelled onion harvester of Patent Document 1 does not cut the leaf stem in advance, but cuts and collects the leaf stem from the onion excavation. It can be carried out in the part and transfer part, and the stem cutting part and the dropping part. This is because the stem causes a lot of trouble in the excavation and transport process when the onion leaf stem is down in the field, which reduces the harvest efficiency. have.

In addition, the bulbous crop harvester of Patent Document 2 is installed and used at the rear of the tiller, and has a structure equipped with an excavation means, a stem cutting means and a separation means. It is merely to remove the stem extending outward of the ridge that interferes with the ridge.

In addition, the self-propelled onion stem cutting device of Patent Document 3 cuts the onion stem while winding the mulching vinyl to minimize damage to the onion to facilitate the onion harvest, which is between the mulching vinyl and the soil when the mulching vinyl is removed. It is equipped with a cutting unit for cutting onion stems located on the There is a disadvantage in that the cutting operation of the stem is not performed smoothly.

On the other hand, Patent Document 4 is a device for erecting the stem and leaf part of a harvester, and in a harvesting machine such as an onion having a stem leaf cutting device and an excavator blade, a stem standing device is installed in front of the stem leaf cutting device to remove irregularly fallen stems. It is designed to be erected while dividing and guided by the cutting device at the rear, but it is installed in front of the harvester and it is not easy to erect the fallen stem while moving with the harvester. becomes this

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0824502 (Registered on April 6, 2008) Self-propelled onion harvester Korea Patent No. 10-1048455 (Registered on Jul. 5, 2011) Bulbous crop harvester Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1565215 (Registered on October 27, 2015) Self-propelled onion stem cutting machine Japanese Patent No. 3454261 (Registered on July 25, 2003) Stem and leaf standing device for harvesting season

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to be pulled by a tractor, such as a tractor, instead of cutting stems by manpower before harvesting various field crops such as sweet potatoes, garlic or onions, or By attaching to the front end and running along the ridge, cut the stem in short multiple steps in advance, but it can be cut cleanly without missing parts. This is to maximize harvesting efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with a front wheel and a rear wheel and a frame provided with a three-point traction unit at the front; a driving box provided on the front upper portion of the frame to receive power from the tractor; A pair of stem cutting blades disposed on the lower left and right sides of the frame to receive power from the drive box and rotate in opposite directions; For harvesting field crops, it consists of three blades to cut the stem in three steps, and the left and right stem cutting blades are arranged at a rotation angle so that the rotation radius partially overlaps, but do not collide with each other, so that an area where stem cutting is not omitted does not occur. A stem cutting device is provided.

Preferably, the stem cutting blade comprises three rotary blades of upper, middle, and lower shaft-coupled radially to the rotation shaft, and a disk blade fixed to the distal end of the rotary blade, and the radially shaft-coupled blade. Among the three rotor blades, the upper and lower rotor blades are bent upwards and downwards from the middle part toward the outside, respectively, so that the disk blades at the ends have a phase difference up and down with each other, and the middle rotor blades form a flat plate shape to rotate the upper and lower parts. It is positioned between the blades, and the upper, middle, and lower rotary blades have a radius that gradually decreases as they go downward, so that the stem is cut from the upper part in steps 1, 2, and 3 over the third order.

More preferably, a ridge height sensor in contact with the ridge is installed at the rear of the frame, and an actuator for height adjustment is provided on the front wheel. The cutting height of the cutting blade is automatically adjusted.

According to the present invention, before harvesting various field crops such as sweet potatoes, garlic, and onions with a harvester, a pair of stem cutting blades disposed on the left and right sides of the lower frame of the stem cutting device rotate in opposite directions to finely crush the stems of crops in multiple stages. Thus, by scattering into the furrows on both sides of the ridge, the transfer of sweet potatoes, garlic, or onions in the subsequent crop harvesting period is quickly and smoothly, thereby maximizing the efficiency of the harvesting operation.

1 is a perspective view of a stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a bottom perspective view of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
3 is a rear perspective view of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A of FIG. 1;
5 is a bottom view of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention;
6 is a front view of the stem cutting device for harvesting field crops according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments that do not limit the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 show a stem cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the drawing, the stem cutting device 10 of this embodiment includes a frame 100 provided with a front wheel 110 and a rear wheel 120 and a three-point traction unit 130 at the front;

a driving box 200 provided on the front upper portion of the frame 100 and receiving power from a traction device such as a tractor not shown;

A pair of stem cutting blades 300 disposed on the lower left and right sides of the frame 100 to receive power from the driving box 200 and rotate in opposite directions; consists of

In this embodiment, the pair of stem cutting blades 300 is made of three blades to cut the upper, middle, and lower portions of the stem in three steps, and the left and right stem cutting blades 300 have a partial rotation radius. They are arranged at an angle of rotation that overlaps, but do not collide with each other, so that an area where stem cutting is omitted does not occur.

In this embodiment, the stem cutting blade 300 is fixed to the distal end of the upper, middle, and lower three rotary blades 320, 330, 340 and the rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 in which a radially middle part is shaft-coupled to the rotary shaft 310. The upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340 among the three rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 coupled to the radial axis are respectively bent upward and downward from the middle part to the outside, and the disk at the end is made including the disk blades 322, 332, and 342. The blades 322 and 342 have a mutually up and down phase difference, and the intermediate rotary blade 330 forms a flat plate to be positioned between the upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340, and the upper, middle, and lower rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 are As shown in FIG. 7 so that the radius gradually decreases as it goes down, the stem (S) of garlic (G) is cut of the upper stem (S1) in steps 1, 2, and 3 from the upper portion, the middle stem (S2) of The cutting and cutting of the lower stem (S3) are sequentially made over the third order.

Thereby, since the effect of cutting the stem at various heights occurs, there is an advantage that the stem can be crushed finely, and by crushing the stem finely, it is possible to effectively remove the stem grown thickly in the ridge.

In this embodiment, the two stem cutting blades 300 are installed in opposite directions, that is, the left and right stem cutting blades 300 rotate toward the outside in the traveling direction, respectively, so that the rotation radius partially overlaps. There is no blind spot where the stem is not cut.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the two left and right stem cutting blades 300 are disposed on the left and right rotation shafts 310 at rotation angles that do not collide with each other so that parts with overlapping rotation radii do not collide with each other, and the left and right rotation shafts 310 is designed to be interlocked with the output shaft of the drive box 200 in a gear manner, thereby preventing the collision of the left and right rotary blades due to the change of the rotation angle due to the belt slip phenomenon in the conventional power transmission method by the belt, and always left and right sides Since the rotor blades 320, 330, and 340 rotate at angles staggered from each other, they do not collide with each other.

The frame 100 is provided with two front wheels 110 and one rear wheel 120, and the front wheels 110 are installed along the frame 100 so that the position can be adjusted in the left and right width directions. It is possible to adjust the vertical height by the actuator 500, so that the tread and the ground height of the frame 100 can be appropriately adjusted according to the width and height of the ridge of the field in which the crop to be harvested is planted or the size of the crop.

The frame 100 has a horizontal frame and a vertical frame are welded to form a substantially P-shape when viewed in a plan view, and the driving box 200 is installed thereon.

A three-point traction unit 130 is provided in the front of the frame 100 so that the tractor can be towed by being connected with a pin, and through the power transmission shaft 210 from the PTO of the tractor not shown. It is connected to the drive box 200 so that the stem cutting blades 300 and 300' can be rotated.

The driving box 200 receives power from a tractor, etc., performs appropriate acceleration/deceleration, and then transmits power to both stem cutting blades 300. In the bottom perspective view of FIG. 2, the right stem cutting blade 300 is a clock direction, and the stem cutting blade 300 on the left is designed to rotate counterclockwise.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, on the outside of the stem cutting blade 300, the back and sides of the frame 100 are cut so that the cut stem is prevented from scattering in all directions and at the same time the cut stem falls into the furrows on both sides of the ridge. A skirt guard 140 that surrounds the whole is attached.

The skirt guard 140 is preferably made of a soft rubber material, etc. so that it is not damaged even when the cut stem collides with it and generates less noise.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the rear of the frame 100 is provided with a ridge height sensor 400 in contact with the ridge, and an actuator 500 for height adjustment is provided on the front wheel 110 to detect the ridge height. The height adjustment actuator 500 is linked according to the height of the ridge detected by the sensor 400 to automatically adjust the cutting height of the stem cutting blade 300 so that the stem cutting blade 300 can effectively cut the stem above the ridge. it is meant to be

The ridge height detection sensor 400 is provided with a sensor 420 on both sides of the horizontal bar 410, and a probe 430 in contact with the ridge is rotatably attached to the sensor 420, so that it is in contact with the ridge. The sensor 420 detects the rotational state of the probe 430 moving in the state and measures the height of the ridge, and the height adjustment actuator 500 installed on the left and right front wheels 110 according to the measured height of the ridge. Each is adjusted to feedback control the height of the front wheel 110 in accordance with the height change of the ridge.

The control mechanism for operating the actuator 500 for height adjustment by the signal sensed by the above-described sensor 400 and the specifications of the above-described sensor and actuator are obvious by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Therefore, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The stem cutting device of this embodiment configured as described above is attached to a tractor and towed to cut the stem while passing over the ridge of the field in which garlic or onion is planted. Not only can the stem located on the ridge be cut without omission, but the left and right stem cutting blades rotate in opposite directions and outward. Stagnation on the ridge does not interfere with the running of the stem cutting device or interfere with the subsequent harvesting operation of the harvester. After removing the stems such as sweet potatoes, garlic, or onions cleanly on the ridge, the harvester is put in to excavate and transport. There is an advantage.

1: stem cutting device
100 : frame
110: front wheel
120: rear wheel
130: 3-point traction part
140: skirt guard
200: drive box
210: power transmission shaft
300: stem cutting blade
310: axis of rotation
320,330,340: rotary blade
322,332,342: disk blade
400: Ridge height detection sensor
410: horizontal bar
420: sensor
430: probe
500: actuator for height adjustment

Claims (3)

A frame 100 provided with a front wheel 110 and a rear wheel 120 and provided with a three-point traction unit 130 at the front;
a driving box 200 provided on the front upper portion of the frame 100 to receive power from the tractor;
A pair of stem cutting blades 300 disposed on the lower left and right sides of the frame 100 to receive power from the driving box 200 and rotate in opposite directions; is made, including
The pair of stem cutting blades 300 is composed of three blades to cut the upper, middle, and lower portions of the stem in three steps, and the left and right stem cutting blades 300 overlap each other with rotational radii partially overlapping each other. Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that it is arranged at a rotation angle not to do so so that an area where stem cutting is omitted does not occur.
The method according to claim 1,
The stem cutting blade 300 includes upper, middle, and lower three rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 in which a radially intermediate portion is shaft-coupled to a rotation shaft 310, and a disk blade fixed to the distal end of the rotary blade 320, 330, 340 (322, 332, 342). The upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340 of the three radially shaft-coupled rotary blades 320, 330, and 340 are respectively bent upward and downward from the middle part toward the outside, so that the disk blades 322 and 342 at the ends are It has a phase difference up and down with each other, and the intermediate rotary blade 330 forms a flat plate shape to be positioned between the upper and lower rotary blades 320 and 340, and the upper, middle, and lower rotary blades 320, 330 and 340 have a radius toward the lower side. Stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that the cutting of the stem (S) of the garlic (G) is made in three steps in steps 1, 2, and 3 (S1, S2, S3) from the top to gradually decrease.
The method according to claim 1 or 2,
At the rear of the frame 100, a ridge height detection sensor 400 in contact with the ridge is installed, and an actuator 500 for height adjustment is provided on the front wheel 110, and the ridge height detection sensor 400 detects the A stem cutting device for harvesting field crops, characterized in that it is configured to automatically adjust the cutting height of the stem cutting blade 300 by interlocking the height adjustment actuator 500 according to the height of the ridge.

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