KR102523613B1 - A method for manufacturing compost using indigenous microorganism - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compost production method using indigenous microorganisms. Specifically, by collecting native microorganisms with excellent proliferation and breeding ability and adding them to cuttings, manure, etc., fermentation is promoted to enable the production of high-quality compost that can help plant growth quickly and help to grow, as well as to promote odor removal It relates to a compost production method.

Description

Compost manufacturing method using indigenous microorganisms {A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COMPOST USING INDIGENOUS MICROORGANISM}

The present invention relates to a compost production method using indigenous microorganisms. Specifically, by collecting native microorganisms with excellent proliferation and breeding ability and adding them to cuttings, manure, etc., fermentation is promoted to enable the production of high-quality compost that can help plant growth quickly and help to grow, as well as to promote odor removal It relates to a compost production method.

Composting is a stabilization process in which organic matter is decomposed, usually by microorganisms, into a biochemical process that converts the final material into a humus-like material that should not adversely affect the environment, be usable in the soil, and be sufficient for storage. It is defined as the continuous biological treatment of organic components of process or solid wastes under artificial conditions.

In Korea, compost using livestock manure and compost using vegetable oil are mainly used, but compost using livestock manure generates an odor during the treatment process of livestock manure, and the component content is not constant depending on the type of livestock or breeding method. It has the disadvantage that it must be fertilized after examining the content of ingredients before use as a furnace (Nam, Y. et al. (2011), Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 43(5), pp.522~527). On the other hand, compost made by fermenting vegetable oil foil, a raw material of organic fertilizer, has the advantage of being used as high-quality compost that shows a high compost grade because the component content of the raw material is constant. Sawdust and the like, and these raw materials have a very low moisture content, so that sufficient moisture must be supplied periodically during the composting period, and a large amount of sawdust is required to control the organic matter to nitrogen ratio. Accordingly, in the manufacture of compost using livestock manure, there is a need for research on ways to reduce the generation of odor and to speed up the manufacturing process.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0144993

An object of the present invention is to provide a compost production method comprising the step of inoculating cuttings or livestock manure with microbial progenitors using indigenous microorganisms.

Another object of the present invention is to provide compost prepared by the above method.

One aspect of the present invention is (a) installing a cedar lunch box containing rice or rice bran cooked as main grains in beetroot and collecting native microorganisms after 7 to 14 days; (b) mixing the collected native microorganisms with brown sugar and storing them for 1 to 4 weeks; (c) adding water-blended rice bran to prepare a first source of microorganisms; and (d) inoculating and fermenting the first microbial progenitor of step (c) in clippings or livestock manure.

In the present invention, "manure" is made by fermenting or rotting various materials such as grass, straw, and animal excrement, and means a material that has sufficient nutrients for plants to grow and can be decomposed by decay.

In the present invention, "indigenous microorganisms" refers to various soil microorganisms that have survived for a long time in a region. In general, rice or rice bran cooked as main grains is put into the humus soil, and microorganisms transferred to the food are collected after a certain period of time. include that

Indigenous microorganisms vary depending on the soil and depth of the region, but more than 10 billion microorganisms live there, and a variety of microorganisms unknown to date exist. Indigenous microbes directly support crop growth through a variety of actions, including nutrient supply, crop growth, production of stimulating hormones, soil structure improvement, pest control, and weeding. For example, Bacillus and Pseudomonas are known to help promote the growth of intestinal tract, control diseases, and the like.

In the present invention, in order to collect soil microorganisms, rice cooked with main grains was put into a cedar lunchbox and used for collecting microorganisms. The cedar lunchbox is suitable for collecting strains useful in compost production compared to general plastic lunchboxes or lunchboxes of other trees.

Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, cedar with godubap is covered with Korean paper and fixed and buried in humus, and then, when microorganisms gather in the rice and become white and moist, put it in a jar and add brown sugar in an amount of 1/3 to enhance microorganisms. proliferated.

At this time, in the present invention, rice bran mixed with water was added to promote microbial growth, and a microbial progenitor solidified into powder was prepared.

In the present invention, the “prototype of microorganisms” refers to a microbial mass produced by collecting, proliferating, and propagating native microorganisms.

Specifically, it may further include preparing a second microbial progenitor by adding regional soil to the first microbial progenitor in step (c). Regional soil refers to the soil of the area to be used by inoculating the microbial progenitor, for example, if you want to use it for pepper farming, it may be a step of adding soil in the pepper farming area.

It may further include a step of preparing a third microbial progenitor by adding straw in an amount of 4% to 6% based on the total weight of the second microbial progenitor of the step (c).

The straw may be used without limitation, such as dry straw, wet straw, etc. as raw straw. Straw contains a large amount of Bacillus subtilis bacteria, and can be added to promote fermentation in the compost manufacturing process.

In order to prepare clipping compost using the third microbial source species, when adding the third microbial source species to the clippings, rice bran liquid mixed with water may be additionally sprayed according to the amount of clippings added. At this time, rice bran promotes the activity of indigenous microorganisms, so that fermentation can occur well and compost can be quickly produced.

When the native microorganisms are activated according to the addition of the microbial source species, an aerobic reaction and an anaerobic reaction occur simultaneously.

The humidity of the clippings using the microbial progenitors may be 40 to 60%, and more specifically, the humidity of the clippings may be maintained at 45 to 55%. At this time, when the temperature of the cuttings rises by more than 70 ℃ due to the activation of indigenous microorganisms and the moisture evaporates, water can be additionally supplied to maintain humidity.

The water may be used without limitation, such as surface water, ground water, seawater, rainwater, etc., but generally, general natural water such as surface water or groundwater may be used.

The surface water is water that does not permeate into the ground or evaporate and remains on the surface and flows on the ground, and refers to water that is present in rivers, reservoirs, lakes, etc., and in the case of river water, is exposed to the surface and contains various microorganisms or organic substances have

The groundwater is water that exists below the groundwater level through rainwater or surface water passing through the stratum, and can be used without limitation including all of shallow water, deep water, spring water, subsurface water, and the like.

It may further include preparing a fourth microbial progenitor by adding seawater to the third microbial progenitor in step (c). Specifically, the seawater may be seawater of the East Sea, and the seawater of the East Sea may be used without limitation as long as it is obtained from the East Sea, that is, the coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean located in northeast Asia.

It is known that the East Sea seawater is rich in dissolved oxygen. In addition, compared to seawater in the West Sea, it is rich in inorganic nutrients such as nitrogen, silicon, and phosphate, and is rich in essential minerals such as magnesium, calcium, and sodium.

On the other hand, seawater contains abundant minerals, but has high salinity, so it can be used by diluting water.

Specifically, adding a first mixture of seawater and water at a ratio of 1:2500 to 3500 times; Adding a second mixture obtained by mixing seawater and water at a ratio of 1:1200 to 1700 times; And a third mixture in which seawater and water are mixed at a ratio of 1: 600 to 800 times; may include adding in order.

Mineral components and inorganic nutrient salt components contained in the seawater react with the original species of microorganisms to promote the activity of soil microorganisms, and have the effect of removing odor-causing components such as livestock manure, which is one of the main components of compost. .

In one embodiment of the present invention, after sequentially mixing the first to third mixtures of seawater with the source species of microorganisms, they were applied under the straw of the chicken coop and then sprayed with water. As a result, it was confirmed that the odor caused by the manure of chickens was significantly removed. (Table 1).

The above results show that, in the case of fermented compost by adding the microbial source species of the present invention to manure, it is possible to produce high-quality compost containing a large amount of microorganisms without any odor caused by livestock manure.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to compost produced by the above method.

The compost production method is the same as described above.

The compost has excellent growth and/or breeding activity of native microorganisms, and by adding straw and/or mineral-rich seawater, it is possible to provide high-quality compost that can be used for crop cultivation using manure and clippings.

In the present invention, a microbial source species in which proliferation and propagation of native microorganisms are activated was prepared using cedar lunchboxes and rice bran, and by adding regional soil, straw and/or seawater containing a large amount of mineral components to the microbial source species, clippings, Even if compost using livestock manure is produced, there is no odor at all, and it has an effect of providing high-quality compost containing a large amount of organic matter and microorganisms.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects, and should be understood to include all effects that can be inferred from the detailed description of the present invention or the configuration of the invention described in the claims.

1 shows the process of collecting indigenous microorganisms.
Figure 2 shows the process of collecting and fermenting indigenous microorganisms.
3 shows a process of preparing compost by inoculating cuttings with microbial progenitors prepared using indigenous microorganisms.
4 shows a humidity maintenance process in the process of preparing compost by inoculating cuttings.

Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

Example 1. Preparation of microbial progenitors

1-1. 1st microbial progenitor

After putting the chestnuts in a cedar lunch box, it was installed in humus soil. To prevent wild animals from entering, it was tied using a wire mesh, then covered with fallen leaves, vinyl, and secondarily covered with fallen leaves. Then, after 7 to 14 days, microorganisms gathered around the cedar lunch box, white mycelia adhered to it, and the rice grains became soft and moist. At this time, the jar was left at room temperature and left for about 2 weeks. Moisture was maintained by spraying water on the jar from time to time. Rice bran mixed with water was added to prepare a solidified source of microorganisms in the form of powder. The incubation period in the jar varies depending on the temperature, so it is appropriate to store and culture for 2 to 3 weeks in spring and autumn, 4 weeks in winter, and 1 to 2 weeks in summer.

1-2. Prototype of the second microorganism

A second microbial progenitor was prepared by adding soil from an area where compost was to be used to the microbial progenitor prepared in 1-1 above.

1-3. Progenitor species of third microorganisms

A third microbial progenitor was prepared by adding raw straw to the second microbial progenitor prepared in 1-2 so that the content was 5% of the total weight.

1-4. Prototype of the 4th microorganism

East Sea seawater, which was lowered in salinity by mixing natural water at a ratio of 3,000 times, was first added to the source species of the third microorganism prepared in 1-3, and then fermented. It was fermented by adding tea. Finally, a fourth microbial progenitor species was prepared by fermenting it by adding thirdly the East Sea seawater, which was mixed at a ratio of 750 times and lowered in salinity.

Example 2. Manufacture of compost using clippings

Example 2-1. Clippings compost inoculated with the first microbial progenitor

Cuttings were added to the first microbial progenitor prepared in Example 1-1. When cuttings were added, rice bran mixed with water was additionally treated to promote the activation of indigenous microorganisms.

Indigenous microorganisms are activated and anaerobic fermentation occurs inside. To prevent the cuttings from rotting, the cuttings were turned over and mixed twice a week. When the temperature of the clippings rises to 70℃ due to the reaction between the native microorganisms and the clippings, additional water is supplied to supplement the moisture evaporated by the high temperature, and the humidity in the clippings is maintained at 45~55%.

Example 2-2. Clippings compost inoculated with the progenitor of the second microorganism

The manufacturing method is the same as that of Example 2-1, except that the second microbial progenitor was inoculated instead of the first microbial progenitor to prepare clipping compost.

Example 2-3. Clippings compost inoculated with the progenitor species of third microorganisms

The manufacturing method is the same as that of Example 2-1, except that the third microbial progenitor was inoculated instead of the first microbial progenitor to prepare clipping compost.

Example 2-4. Clippings compost inoculated with the progenitor of the 4th microorganism

The manufacturing method is the same as that of Example 2-1, except that the fourth microbial progenitor was inoculated instead of the first microbial progenitor to prepare clipping compost.

Example 3. Manure of compost using livestock manure

Example 3-1. Livestock manure compost inoculated with the primary microbial progenitor

Chicken manure was added to the first microbial progenitor prepared in Example 1-1. Specifically, straw was laid on the first microbial progenitor, water was sprayed on it again, and it was left as it was for 2 to 3 years. Thereafter, the manure and the first microbial progenitor were mixed and used for compost.

Example 3-2. Livestock manure compost inoculated with the second microbial progenitor

The manufacturing method is the same as that of Example 3-1, except that the second microbial progenitor was inoculated instead of the first microbial progenitor to prepare compost using livestock manure.

Example 3-3. Livestock manure compost inoculated with the third microbial progenitor

The manufacturing method is the same as that of Example 3-1, except that the third microbial progenitor was inoculated instead of the first microbial progenitor to prepare compost using livestock manure.

Example 3-4. Livestock manure compost inoculated with the fourth microbial progenitor

The manufacturing method is the same as that of Example 3-1, except that the fourth microbial progenitor was inoculated instead of the first microbial progenitor to prepare compost using livestock manure.

Experimental Example 1. Confirmation of livestock odor removal efficacy

An experiment was performed to confirm the livestock odor removal efficacy using the microbial progenitor prepared in Example 1.

After applying the microbial progenitor in the chicken coop, it was covered with a straw having a thickness of 5 cm, and then water was sprayed on it. After that, the chickens were placed in the chicken coop and were not allowed to remove the manure for 1 month. Afterwards, odors caused by manure in the chicken coop were evaluated. Each evaluation was evaluated using a 5-point item scale (1 point = severe odor ~ 5 points = no odor), and was evaluated by 5 people who are running a chicken farm.

item Prototype of microorganisms 1 Prototype of the second microorganism Progenitor species of third microorganisms 4th microbial progenitor stink 2.6 2.8 3.2 4.8 Intention to recommend 2.5 2.5 3.5 5.0

As a result, it was confirmed that the treatment of the microbial source species of the above example had an excellent effect on removing livestock manure odor. excellence was confirmed.

The above results show that even if the microbial source species prepared by the method of the present invention is inoculated into livestock manure, it can be used for soil improvement and compost for plant growth using a large amount of organic matter and microorganisms contained in the microbial source species without odor. .

Experimental Example 2. Confirmation of crop growth promoting efficacy

Crops (pepper) were cultivated using the compost prepared in Examples 2 and 3. Each compost was taken in a way of mixing after spraying the same amount by 1 kg/3.3 m ² , and in order to compare the same growth survey, seedlings purchased through the market were planted and the experiment was repeated three times. Also, peppers were grown in the control group that did not use compost.

division Plant height (cm) fruit (dog) Example 2-1 Example 2-2 Example 2-3 Example 2-4 control group Example 2-1 Example 2-2 Example 2-3 Example 2-4 control group 0 days 21.1 21.2 21.1 21.1 21.1 0 0 0 0 0 70 days 52.2 52.3 77.7 75.7 50.4 15 17 23 23 7

As shown in Table 2, in the compost using the clippings prepared by the method of the present invention, the growth increase and the number of fruits were significantly higher than that of the control group. It was confirmed that the crop growth promotion effect in clippings compost was excellent.

Experimental Example 3. Measurement results of odor intensity and unpleasantness of compost using livestock manure

In order to confirm the malodor removal efficacy of the compost using the livestock manure prepared in Example 3, a sensory evaluation of the malodor was performed after the compost treatment.

As sensory evaluation methods, odor intensity and odor effensiveness were selected and evaluated. In order to secure the reliability of odor evaluation, 5 odor judges who normally react to ethyl acetate, which can be called a standard substance when measuring smell, are selected for odor judges with normal olfactory function, and then the compost collected in the odorless room is evaluated. A direct sensory method was performed. The results of the odor judges were expressed as the geometric average of the scores of three people excluding the upper and lower limits.

Odor intensity and unpleasantness were evaluated using a 5-point item scale (0 point = no odor or unpleasant odor ~ 5 points = unbearably strong odor, extremely unpleasant odor).

division Example 3-1 Example 3-2 Example 3-3 Example 3-4 odor intensity 2.4 2.2 0.9 0.3 unpleasant smell 2.6 1.8 1.1 0.4

As shown in Table 3, the intensity of odor and unpleasant odor are reduced in the compost using livestock manure prepared by the method of the present invention. It was confirmed that the degree of discomfort was significantly reduced.

The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art can understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

A method for producing compost comprising the step of inoculating and fermenting any one of the first microbial progenitor species, the second microbial progenitor species, the third microbial progenitor species, and the fourth microbial progenitor species prepared according to the following method in
The first microbial progenitor,
Put godubap in a cedar lunch box, cover it with Korean paper, install it in the humus soil, tie it with a wire mesh, cover the fallen leaves, cover it with plastic, and cover the fallen leaves a second time. After doing
Mixed culture by adding muddy sugar at a rate of 1/3 of the weight of godubap in which microorganisms are gathered, and then stored for 1 to 4 weeks at room temperature while maintaining moisture,
It is a source of microorganisms produced by a solidified method in powder form by adding rice bran mixed with water.
The second microbial progenitor,
It is a microbial source species prepared by the method of adding regional soil to the first microbial source species,
The third microbial progenitor,
It is a microbial source species prepared by the method of adding straw to the second microbial source species in an amount of 4 to 6% based on the total weight,
The fourth microbial progenitor,
Adding seawater and water to the third microbial progenitor prepared by the above method,
The addition of seawater and water is fermented by adding a first diluent diluted with seawater and water at a ratio of 1: 2500 to 3000 times to the progenitor species of the third microorganism, and then diluted at a ratio of 1: 1200 to 1700 times It is a microbial progenitor species prepared by adding a second diluent to ferment, followed by adding a third diluent diluted at a ratio of 1: 600 to 800 in order,
Compost production method characterized in that when the temperature of the clippings rises to 70 ℃ or more, water is additionally supplied to maintain the humidity at 40 to 60%.
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