KR102107864B1 - 부틸 메톡시디벤조일메탄 (bmdbm)광안정화를 위한 선스크린 조성물 및 조합물 - Google Patents

부틸 메톡시디벤조일메탄 (bmdbm)광안정화를 위한 선스크린 조성물 및 조합물 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR102107864B1
KR102107864B1 KR1020147023633A KR20147023633A KR102107864B1 KR 102107864 B1 KR102107864 B1 KR 102107864B1 KR 1020147023633 A KR1020147023633 A KR 1020147023633A KR 20147023633 A KR20147023633 A KR 20147023633A KR 102107864 B1 KR102107864 B1 KR 102107864B1
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
composition
bmdbm
weight
bemt
mbbt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
KR1020147023633A
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Other versions
KR20140125402A (ko
Inventor
발레리 쁘리에르
헬렌 드롱이그니
Original Assignee
삐에르화브르데르모-코스메띠끄
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=47631430&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=KR102107864(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by 삐에르화브르데르모-코스메띠끄 filed Critical 삐에르화브르데르모-코스메띠끄
Publication of KR20140125402A publication Critical patent/KR20140125402A/ko
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR102107864B1 publication Critical patent/KR102107864B1/ko
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/494Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/4966Triazines or their condensed derivatives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/12Ketones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/192Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/41921,2,3-Triazoles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/53Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/29Titanium; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/35Ketones, e.g. benzophenone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/37Esters of carboxylic acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/42Amides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/494Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/496Triazoles or their condensed derivatives, e.g. benzotriazoles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/16Emollients or protectives, e.g. against radiation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61QSPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A61Q17/04Topical preparations for affording protection against sunlight or other radiation; Topical sun tanning preparations
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/20Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
    • A61K2800/30Characterized by the absence of a particular group of ingredients

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
KR1020147023633A 2012-01-31 2013-01-30 부틸 메톡시디벤조일메탄 (bmdbm)광안정화를 위한 선스크린 조성물 및 조합물 Active KR102107864B1 (ko)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FRPCT/FR2012/050202 2012-01-31
PCT/FR2012/050202 WO2013114004A1 (fr) 2012-01-31 2012-01-31 Composition et association de filtres solaires photostabilisatrices de bmdbm
PCT/EP2013/051777 WO2013113746A2 (en) 2012-01-31 2013-01-30 Composition and combination of bmdbm photostabilizers and sunscreens

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR20140125402A KR20140125402A (ko) 2014-10-28
KR102107864B1 true KR102107864B1 (ko) 2020-05-07

Family

ID=47631430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1020147023633A Active KR102107864B1 (ko) 2012-01-31 2013-01-30 부틸 메톡시디벤조일메탄 (bmdbm)광안정화를 위한 선스크린 조성물 및 조합물

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US9814660B2 (https=)
EP (3) EP4623905A3 (https=)
JP (2) JP6385283B2 (https=)
KR (1) KR102107864B1 (https=)
CN (2) CN109528535A (https=)
AR (1) AR089850A1 (https=)
AU (1) AU2013214294B2 (https=)
BR (1) BR112014018888B1 (https=)
CA (1) CA2863278C (https=)
DK (2) DK3299009T3 (https=)
ES (2) ES2658363T3 (https=)
HK (1) HK1200344A1 (https=)
MX (1) MX351047B (https=)
NO (1) NO2809295T3 (https=)
PL (2) PL3299009T3 (https=)
PT (2) PT3299009T (https=)
RU (1) RU2651451C2 (https=)
TW (1) TWI645859B (https=)
WO (2) WO2013114004A1 (https=)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3023718B1 (fr) * 2014-07-16 2018-10-12 Pierre Fabre Medicament Compositions pharmaceutique et/ou cosmetique decontaminees par haute pression
DE102015208855A1 (de) * 2015-05-13 2016-11-17 Beiersdorf Ag Octocrylenfreies Sonnenschutzmittel mit Diethylhexylbutanidotriazon
JP6143914B2 (ja) * 2015-09-30 2017-06-07 株式会社 資生堂 日焼け止め化粧料
CN112789025A (zh) * 2018-10-05 2021-05-11 巴斯夫欧洲公司 用于减少织物染色的亚甲基双-苯并三唑基四甲基丁基苯酚
FR3091816B1 (fr) * 2019-01-18 2022-08-05 Fabre Pierre Dermo Cosmetique Dispositif pour la caractérisation et la comparaison de zones érythémales
FR3115986B1 (fr) * 2020-11-12 2023-04-07 Fabre Pierre Dermo Cosmetique Nouveau systeme solubilisant de filtres solaires organiques liposolubles
US20240082133A1 (en) * 2021-02-03 2024-03-14 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Sunscreen composition based on bemt and two or more pigmentary uv-filters
EP4176936A1 (en) 2021-11-08 2023-05-10 Martiderm, SL Cosmetic composition for protecting the skin and hair against solar radiation
CN120129462A (zh) 2022-09-23 2025-06-10 可口可乐公司 具有改善味道的增强型水合饮料

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002043656A2 (en) 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Avon Products, Inc. Water-in-oil insect repellent composition and method of application to the skin
US20030161849A1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2003-08-28 Thomas Heidenfelder Cosmetic and dermatological preparations in the form of O/W emulsions, comprising an amino-substituted hydroxybenzophenone

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2799966B1 (fr) * 1999-10-22 2002-07-26 Oreal Procede de photostabilisation de filtres solaires derives du dibenzoylmethane par un filtre organique insoluble
EP1280505B1 (de) 2000-05-12 2007-05-02 Ciba SC Holding AG Photostabilisierung von dibenzoylmethan-derivaten
DE10063343A1 (de) 2000-12-19 2002-06-20 Beiersdorf Ag Kosmetische und dermatologische Lichtschutzformulierungen mit einem Gehalt an unsymmetrisch substitutierten Triazinderivaten und oberflächenaktiven Zitronensäureestern
DE10135258A1 (de) * 2001-07-19 2003-02-06 Beiersdorf Ag Insektenabwehrende Sonnenschutzmittel
DE10154111A1 (de) * 2001-11-03 2003-05-22 Beiersdorf Ag Insektenabwehrende Sonnenschutzmittel mit Benztriazolderivaten als Lichtschutzfilter
DE10155963A1 (de) * 2001-11-09 2003-05-22 Beiersdorf Ag Kosmetische und dermatologische Lichtschutzformulierungen mit einem Gehalt an Hydroxybenzophenonen, Triazin- und/oder Benzotriazol-Derivaten
DE10162844A1 (de) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-03 Beiersdorf Ag Kosmetische und dermatologische Lichtschutzformulierungen mit einem Gehalt an Bis-Resorcinyltriazinderivaten und Benzoxazol-Derivaten
DE10307468A1 (de) 2003-02-21 2004-09-02 Beiersdorf Ag Kosmetische und dermatologische Emulsionen
DE10307467A1 (de) 2003-02-21 2004-09-02 Beiersdorf Ag Kosmetische und dermatologische Emulsionen
EP1764081A1 (en) * 2005-08-29 2007-03-21 Johnson & Johnson Consumer France SAS Sunscreen composition comprising a dibenzoylmethane, an aminohydroxybenzophenone, a triazine and a triazole as UV filters
JP2009507971A (ja) * 2005-09-15 2009-02-26 コグニス・アイピー・マネージメント・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング 化粧油物質
EP1959914B1 (en) * 2005-12-09 2014-05-21 DSM IP Assets B.V. Cosmetic or dermatological compositions comprising modified titanium dioxide particles
GB2439618A (en) * 2006-06-14 2008-01-02 Reckitt & Colmann Prod Ltd Skincare composition
FR2902652A1 (fr) * 2006-06-23 2007-12-28 Oreal Composition cosmetique contenant un derive de dibenzoylmethane et un derive mono ou diester d'arylalkyle ; procede de photosbilisation du derive de dibenzoylmethane
EP2120854B1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2012-12-26 Basf Se Stabilization of uv-sensitive active ingredients
US20100129303A1 (en) * 2008-10-17 2010-05-27 Dueva-Koganov Olga V Sunscreen and personal care compositions comprising a random terpolymer
US20110212040A1 (en) 2010-02-28 2011-09-01 Von Oppen Bezalel Lea Stabilized sunscreen compositions

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002043656A2 (en) 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Avon Products, Inc. Water-in-oil insect repellent composition and method of application to the skin
US20030161849A1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2003-08-28 Thomas Heidenfelder Cosmetic and dermatological preparations in the form of O/W emulsions, comprising an amino-substituted hydroxybenzophenone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112014018888B1 (pt) 2019-12-03
DK3299009T3 (da) 2025-10-06
JP6385283B2 (ja) 2018-09-05
CA2863278C (en) 2021-05-25
EP2809295B1 (en) 2017-11-15
CN109528535A (zh) 2019-03-29
WO2013113746A2 (en) 2013-08-08
NO2809295T3 (https=) 2018-04-14
HK1252899A1 (en) 2019-06-06
EP2809295A2 (en) 2014-12-10
PL2809295T3 (pl) 2018-04-30
CA2863278A1 (en) 2013-08-08
EP3299009A1 (en) 2018-03-28
WO2013114004A1 (fr) 2013-08-08
AR089850A1 (es) 2014-09-24
AU2013214294A1 (en) 2014-08-21
PL3299009T3 (pl) 2026-02-09
PT2809295T (pt) 2018-02-21
EP4623905A2 (en) 2025-10-01
PT3299009T (pt) 2025-10-14
DK2809295T3 (en) 2018-02-05
ES3046541T3 (en) 2025-12-02
US20150056150A1 (en) 2015-02-26
BR112014018888A2 (https=) 2017-06-20
ES2658363T3 (es) 2018-03-09
EP4623905A3 (en) 2025-12-31
KR20140125402A (ko) 2014-10-28
AU2013214294B2 (en) 2017-05-04
RU2651451C2 (ru) 2018-04-19
MX351047B (es) 2017-09-26
JP2018135358A (ja) 2018-08-30
BR112014018888A8 (pt) 2017-07-11
CN104080437A (zh) 2014-10-01
HK1200344A1 (en) 2015-08-07
EP3299009B1 (en) 2025-08-13
TW201334798A (zh) 2013-09-01
TWI645859B (zh) 2019-01-01
US9814660B2 (en) 2017-11-14
JP2015505549A (ja) 2015-02-23
RU2014133694A (ru) 2016-03-27
WO2013113746A3 (en) 2014-07-10
MX2014009263A (es) 2014-09-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR102107864B1 (ko) 부틸 메톡시디벤조일메탄 (bmdbm)광안정화를 위한 선스크린 조성물 및 조합물
KR102022742B1 (ko) 새로운 차광계
CN113924079A (zh) 由4种防晒剂组成的光保护系统
HK1252899B (en) Composition and association of sunscreens for photostabilizing butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (bmdbm)
HK40060622A (en) Photoprotective system consisting of 4 sunscreens
HK40006867A (en) Composition and association of sunscreens for photostabilizing butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane
HK1199400B (en) Photoprotective system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PA0105 International application

St.27 status event code: A-0-1-A10-A15-nap-PA0105

PG1501 Laying open of application

St.27 status event code: A-1-1-Q10-Q12-nap-PG1501

A201 Request for examination
PA0201 Request for examination

St.27 status event code: A-1-2-D10-D11-exm-PA0201

E902 Notification of reason for refusal
PE0902 Notice of grounds for rejection

St.27 status event code: A-1-2-D10-D21-exm-PE0902

E13-X000 Pre-grant limitation requested

St.27 status event code: A-2-3-E10-E13-lim-X000

P11-X000 Amendment of application requested

St.27 status event code: A-2-2-P10-P11-nap-X000

P13-X000 Application amended

St.27 status event code: A-2-2-P10-P13-nap-X000

E902 Notification of reason for refusal
PE0902 Notice of grounds for rejection

St.27 status event code: A-1-2-D10-D21-exm-PE0902

P11-X000 Amendment of application requested

St.27 status event code: A-2-2-P10-P11-nap-X000

P13-X000 Application amended

St.27 status event code: A-2-2-P10-P13-nap-X000

E701 Decision to grant or registration of patent right
PE0701 Decision of registration

St.27 status event code: A-1-2-D10-D22-exm-PE0701

GRNT Written decision to grant
PR0701 Registration of establishment

St.27 status event code: A-2-4-F10-F11-exm-PR0701

PR1002 Payment of registration fee

St.27 status event code: A-2-2-U10-U12-oth-PR1002

Fee payment year number: 1

PG1601 Publication of registration

St.27 status event code: A-4-4-Q10-Q13-nap-PG1601

PR1001 Payment of annual fee

St.27 status event code: A-4-4-U10-U11-oth-PR1001

Fee payment year number: 4

R18-X000 Changes to party contact information recorded

St.27 status event code: A-5-5-R10-R18-oth-X000

PR1001 Payment of annual fee

St.27 status event code: A-4-4-U10-U11-oth-PR1001

Fee payment year number: 5

P22-X000 Classification modified

St.27 status event code: A-4-4-P10-P22-nap-X000

PR1001 Payment of annual fee

St.27 status event code: A-4-4-U10-U11-oth-PR1001

Fee payment year number: 6

PR1001 Payment of annual fee

St.27 status event code: A-4-4-U10-U11-oth-PR1001

Fee payment year number: 7