KR101550899B1

KR101550899B1 - 2 step auto stroke hydraulic breaker

Info

Publication number: KR101550899B1
Application number: KR1020150104606A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 박용식; 이정덕
Original assignee: 대모 엔지니어링 주식회사
Priority date: 2015-07-23
Filing date: 2015-07-23
Publication date: 2015-09-08
Also published as: WO2017014596A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic two stage-stroke hydraulic breaker capable of automatically converting a stroke of a piston by selecting one among a two stage-stroke of a long stroke or a short stroke according to the strength of a rock which is an object to be crushed, and reducing costs and failure factors by achieving a simple structure of a valve and a flow path for detecting the strength of a rock which is an object to be crushed by improving the structure thereof. According to the present invention, a hydraulic breaker having a automatic two stage-stroke comprises: a cylinder wherein a piston to be vertically lifted is embedded inside, having a high pressure chamber filled with hydraulic pressure supplied from a pump in an upper part, a lower pressure chamber in the middle, and having a sensing port, a long stroke port, and a short stroke port outside; a control valve prepared in a flow path between the cylinder and the pump for controlling the direction of providing hydraulic pressure; a stroke switching valve wherein a first flow path which is a passage to the high pressure chamber is connected to an upper part, wherein a second flow path which is a connection passage with a tank is connected to a lower part, and for selectively connecting a third flow path wherein the control valve and the short stroke port of the cylinder are connected; a fourth flow path for connecting the long stroke port and the control valve; a bypass flow path for connecting the first flow path and the second flow path; and an orifice prepared in the bypass flow path.

Description

{2 STEP AUTO STROKE HYDRAULIC BREAKER WITH TWO-STEP AUTOMATIC STRUCTURE}

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke, and more particularly to a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke in which a stroke can be switched by automatic sensing so as to be divided into a long stroke or a short stroke depending on the strength of a rock to be broken, To a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke whose structure is improved so as to be constructed with a simple structure.

Generally, a hydraulic breaker is widely used for crushing concrete or rocks by attaching to a construction equipment such as an excavator, a loader, and the like, and a chisel, which is a crushing tool, The concrete and the rock are crushed by the hitting force which hits the piston up and down.

These hydraulic breakers consist of cylinders and pistons which are operated by hydraulic pressure. In front of the cylinder, there is attached a chisel which is used to crush the object.

When the piston is reciprocated by the operation of the cylinder, the chisel is hit, and a strong impact is applied to the object, and the object is split or broken.

A valve device is provided at the rear end of the hydraulic cylinder to control the supply of the fluid required for the operation of the piston to one side of the surface of the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic oil is temporarily stored on the surface of the hydraulic cylinder adjacent to the fluid control part, An accumulator for use as an energy source is formed.

The valve device includes a valve housing formed on one surface of the hydraulic cylinder, a valve coupled to the interior of the valve housing to horizontally move through the opening of the valve housing to control the supply of fluid, a valve housing to seal the opening, And a valve cover coupled through a plurality of fastening members.

In the conventional hydraulic breakier, since the stroke distance of the piston during the upward and downward movement of the piston is constantly given irrespective of the type and strength of the rock mass to be crushed, the working speed can not be varied according to the strength of the rock mass, Is lowered.

As a prior art for improving this, as disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2015-0034071, "Stroke Valve for Control of Hydraulic Breaker" (Published Date: 2015.04.02), a piston is formed so as to reciprocate, A stroke valve for controlling a hydraulic breaker comprising a cylinder body having a plurality of pressure holes for increasing or decreasing a pressure, the stroke valve being connected to a pressure hole of the hydraulic breaker, To set the distance.

Another prior art related to the hydraulic breaker for varying the stroke distance is disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1138987 entitled " Hydraulic Breaker with Automatic Travel Distance Switching Function "(Registered on Apr. 16, 2012) , The hydraulic breaker includes a crushing depth sensing part for sensing the crushing depth penetrating the crushing object between the cylinder low pressure chamber and the cylinder overhang, and two crushing depth sensing parts for selectively supplying the crushing depth sensing part to one hydraulic pressure surface The crushing depth detecting unit includes a crankshaft displacement detecting valve for crushing the crankshaft of the crankshaft and the crankshaft of the crankshaft, The high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the cylinder-depleted region is selectively moved to a position having two hydraulic pressure surfaces Pressure passage and the pressure-receiving surface of the stroke-distance selector valve are selectively communicated with each other by being selectively supplied to the pressure-receiving surface of one side of the check valve and selectively switching the position of the position- Is a cylinder control room for selectively operating the automatic stroke distance switching function.

However, existing prior arts are complicated in the flow path and valve structure sensing the strength of the rock during the course of automatically switching the stroke according to the strength of the rock, resulting in a rise in the failure factor as well as a rise in cost. There is a difficult problem.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2015-0034071 entitled "Stroke Valve for Hydraulic Breaker Control" (published on Feb. 20, 2014) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1138987 entitled "Hydraulic Breaker with Automatic Travel Distance Switching Function" (Registered on April 16, 2012)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for automatically switching a stroke of a piston by selecting one of a two-stroke stroke of a long stroke or a short stroke, A hydraulic breaker with a two-stage automatic stroke structure, which is easy to put into practical use and has a reduced cost and a reduced number of failures, can be constructed by a simple structure of a valve and a flow path structure for detecting the strength of a rock mass, .

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an internal combustion engine including a piston capable of being lifted up and down, a high-pressure chamber filled with a hydraulic pressure supplied from a pump at an upper portion thereof, , A long stroke port, and a short stroke port; A control valve provided in a flow path between the cylinder and the pump and controlling a supply direction of the hydraulic pressure; A first flow path as a connection path with the high pressure chamber is connected to the upper portion and a second flow path as a connection path with the tank is provided on a lower portion thereof and a third flow path through which the control valve and the short stroke port of the cylinder are connected is selectively connected A stroke switching valve; A fourth flow path connecting the long stroke port and the control valve; A bypass flow path connecting the first flow path and the second flow path; And an orifice provided in the bypass passage.

The stroke switching valve has a larger area of a lower portion connected to the second flow path than an upper portion connected to the first flow path.

The stroke change-over valve further includes an elastic member for multiplying pressure on the lower side.

The sensing port is disposed at a lower position of the high pressure chamber, a low pressure chamber is disposed below the sensing port, a long stroke port is located below the low pressure chamber, and a short stroke port is provided below the long stroke port .

Another characteristic element of the present invention includes a high pressure chamber in which an upwardly and downwardly elevatable piston is built in, an upper portion is filled with a hydraulic pressure supplied from a pump, a low pressure chamber is provided in the middle, A cylinder provided with a long stroke port and a short stroke port; A control valve provided in a flow path between the cylinder and the pump and controlling a supply direction of the hydraulic pressure; A stroke switching valve connected to a first flow path which is a connection path between the control valve and the high pressure chamber, and a third flow path to which the short stroke port of the cylinder is connected; An elastic member provided below the stroke change-over valve and providing an elastic bias force to a lower side of the stroke change-over valve; A fourth flow path connecting the long stroke port and the control valve; A bypass passage connecting the first flow path and the tank; And an orifice provided in the bypass passage.

The present invention automatically senses the strength of the rock mass and automatically shifts the ascending / descending stroke of the piston to the long stroke or the short stroke stroke according to the sensed rock strength to improve the working speed in the short stroke stroke, The valve and the flow path structure required for the switching can be constituted in a simple structure to have a useful effect of reducing the manufacturing cost and the failure factor.

Further, according to the present invention, since the sensing port is disposed at the lower position of the high-pressure chamber, and the long stroke port and the short stroke port are disposed below the sensing port, the switching of the two- The structure can be easily configured.

1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram schematically showing a configuration of a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke according to the present invention.
2 is a structural view showing the operation of a long stroke stroke of the hydraulic breaker of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a state in which the hydraulic breaker of the present invention senses the movement of the piston when the rock mass having a weak strength is broken.
4 is a view showing a state in which the piston is lifted up to the stroke stroke position in the short stroke stroke of the hydraulic breaker of the present invention.
5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram schematically showing a second embodiment of a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke according to the present invention.
6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram schematically showing a third embodiment of a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke according to the present invention.

1, there is shown a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke according to the present invention, in which a piston 150 capable of being lifted up and down is built therein, and a hydraulic pressure supplied from a pump 10 A cylinder 100 provided with a high pressure chamber 110 to be filled with a low pressure chamber in the middle and a sensing port 102, a long stroke port 104 and a short stroke port 106 on the outside; A control valve (50) provided in a flow path between the cylinder (100) and the pump (10) and controlling the supply direction of the hydraulic pressure; A first flow path 410 which is a connection path to the high pressure chamber 110 is connected to the upper portion of the first flow path 410 and a second flow path 420 which is a connection path to the tank 20 is provided below the first flow path 410, A stroke switching valve 300 for selectively connecting a third flow path 430 to which the short stroke port 106 of the cylinder 100 is connected; A fourth flow path 440 connecting the long stroke port 104 and the control valve 50; A bypass flow path 450 connecting the first flow path 410 and the second flow path 420; And an orifice 455 provided in the bypass passage 450.

More specifically, the sensing port 102 is disposed at a lower position of the high-pressure chamber 110, the low-pressure chamber 120 is disposed below the sensing port 102, and the long- And a short stroke port 106 is disposed below the long stroke port 104. The short stroke port 106 is connected to the short stroke port 104,

The low pressure side of the high pressure chamber 110 is maintained at a higher level than the low pressure side acting on the side of the second flow path 420, although high pressure and low pressure are repeatedly operated.

The control valve 50 selectively opens and closes the supply passage 460 which is a connection passage connecting one side of the pump 10 and the high pressure chamber 110 and returns the fluid of the high pressure chamber 110 to the side of the tank 20 And functions to selectively open and close the recovery flow path 470 as a passage.

The first flow path 410 is provided to connect the sensing port 102 disposed at the lower portion of the high pressure chamber 110 and the upper portion of the stroke switching valve 300 so that the sensing port 102 is opened And the fluid in the high-pressure chamber 110 is transferred to the upper portion of the stroke switching valve 300.

The stroke switching valve 300 is a two-port, two-position valve. When a rock having a long stroke is normally broken, the third flow path 430 for the short stroke operation is shut off and the high pressure chamber 110 And the third flow path 430 is connected.

The stroke switching valve 300 has a larger area of the lower portion connected to the second flow path 420 than the upper portion connected to the first flow path 410. Accordingly, the stroke changeover valve 300 maintains the long stroke position before the high pressure fluid is supplied from the high pressure chamber 110 to the upper portion.

The fourth oil path 440 is configured to connect the long stroke port 104 and the control valve 50 so that the oil in the cylinder 100 is supplied to the tank 20 via the control valve 50 and the recovery oil path 470 .

The third flow path 430 is configured to connect the short stroke port 106 and the control valve 50 and is connected at the time of switching the stroke changeover valve 300, Thereby joining the flow path 440.

The orifice 455 discharges the fluid in the bypass passage 450 to the outside at regular intervals to relieve the pressure of the fluid remaining in the upper portion of the stroke change valve 300. The orifice 455 has a characteristic that the discharge cycle varies depending on the diameter .

Accordingly, the orifice 455 performs a function of relieving the pressure to switch from the short stroke to the long stroke.

Reference numeral L1 denotes a standard piston contact position corresponding to a height at which the chisel 210 and the piston 150 are in contact with each other before the crushing operation is performed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the operation of the long stroke of the hydraulic breaker according to the present invention. In the rock breaking process with the long stroke, the hydraulic pressure of the pump 10 is supplied to the cylinder 100 Or the hydraulic pressure in the high pressure chamber 110 is recovered to the side of the tank 20 through the control valve 50 and the recovery flow path 470 and the hydraulic pressure in the high pressure chamber 110 is supplied to the long stroke port 104 As the fluid in the cylinder 100 is recovered through the connected fourth flow path 440, the piston 150 is moved up and down to have a long stroke.

At this time, since the sensing port 102, which is selectively connected to the high pressure chamber 110, is closed, the stroke switching valve 300 is not switched to the short stroke state and the third flow path 430 is blocked .

Therefore, the long stroke operation of the piston 150 is operated by the long stroke corresponding to the normal stroke distance when the rock mass as the object to be crushed is not crushed or the rock mass is strong, so that a strong hitting force is applied to the rock through the chisel 210 .

FIG. 3 is a view showing a state in which the movement of the piston 150 is detected during the breaking of the rock having a weak strength. When the rock is fractured by the chisel 210, The contact position L2 is lowered below the standard piston contact position L1 and a movement gap corresponding to the lowered height l1 of the chisel 210 is generated.

At this time, as the piston 150 after the rock is broken down, the high-pressure chamber 110 is lowered and the inside of the high-pressure chamber 110 is connected to the sensing port 102, The fluid in the chamber 110 is supplied to the upper portion of the stroke changeover valve 300 and the pressure of the stroke changeover valve 300 is lowered as the pressure higher than the fluid pressure at the lower portion of the stroke changeover valve 300 is transmitted to the upper portion So that the third flow path 430 is connected.

The fluid in the cylinder 100 is recovered to the tank 20 side through the recovery flow path 470 and the hydraulic pressure is selectively applied to the lower portion of the high pressure chamber 110 or the cylinder 100 through the opened third flow path 430 The fluid flows through the third flow path 430 before the fluid in the cylinder 100 is discharged through the long stroke port 104 and the fourth flow path 440, The administration is done.

4 is a view showing a state in which the piston of the hydraulic breaker according to the present invention reaches the short stroke stroke position. When the rock is repeatedly crushed, the high pressure chamber 110 and the sensing port 102 The hydraulic pressure is supplied to the upper side of the stroke switching valve 300 through the first flow path 410 while the communication is opened and the short stroke port 106 and the third flow path 430 are connected to each other, .

On the other hand, when the weak rock is crushed and the strong rock is broken, the stroke is switched from the short stroke stroke to the long stroke stroke, and the process of switching from the short stroke stroke to the long stroke stroke is performed after the sensing port 102 is closed The hydraulic pressure in the first flow path 410 is discharged to the outside through the orifice 455 of the bypass flow path 450 after the first flow path 410 is shut off, The stroke changeover valve 300 is switched to the long stroke position because it is larger than the upper area.

Accordingly, the present invention can automatically sense the strength of the rock mass, automatically switch the ascending / descending stroke of the piston 150 to the long stroke or the short stroke stroke according to the sensed rock strength, thereby improving the working speed in the short stroke stroke , The valve and the flow path structure required for automatic sensing and automatic switching are constructed with a simple structure, which is advantageous in that it is easy to manufacture, and the manufacturing cost and the failure factor can be reduced.

Hereinafter, in the other embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals are given to the same constituent elements as those of the preceding embodiments, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke according to the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, the stroke changeover valve 300 is provided with a hydraulic pressure in the upper portion thereof, The elastic member 500 for doubling the pressure is provided on the lower side of the base member 300.

The elastic member 500 applies an elastic force to the lower side of the stroke changeover valve 300 so that the fluid in the high pressure chamber 110 is not supplied to the upper side of the stroke changeover valve 300 through the first flow path 410 It is possible to replace the function of the second flow path 420 or switch the stroke stroke change more quickly by maintaining the long stroke position state of the stroke change-over valve 300 normally.

6 is a view showing a third embodiment of a hydraulic breaker having a two-stage automatic stroke according to the present invention, which is different from the preceding embodiment in that the second flow path 420 is omitted, Pressure chamber 110 in which the oil pressure supplied from the pump 10 is filled, a low-pressure chamber 120 is provided in the middle, and a high- A cylinder 100 in which a port 102, a long stroke port 104, and a short stroke port 106 are provided; A control valve (50) provided in a flow path between the cylinder (100) and the pump (10) and controlling the supply direction of the hydraulic pressure; A third flow path 430 in which the control valve 50 and the short stroke port 106 of the cylinder 100 are connected is connected to a first flow path 410 which is a connection path with the high pressure chamber 110, A stroke switching valve (300) for selectively connecting the stroke switching valve (300); An elastic member (500) provided under the stroke change-over valve (300) and providing an elastic biasing force to the lower side of the stroke change-over valve (300); A fourth flow path 440 connecting the long stroke port 104 and the control valve 50; A bypass flow path 450 connecting the first flow path 410 and the tank 20; And an orifice 455 provided in the bypass passage 450.

The elastic member 500 applies an elastic force to the lower side of the stroke switching valve 300 instead of the hydraulic pressure and the elastic force of the elastic member 500 is released when the sensing port 102 is closed (I.e., a low pressure state), the hydraulic pressure applied to the upper side of the stroke change-over valve 300 is greater.

Thus, the third embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that the flow path structure can be more easily configured than the first and second embodiments.

The present invention has the technical idea of sensing and automatically switching the stroke of the piston according to the strength of the rock mass, and can be modified in various ways without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention. For example, the present invention may arrange the elastic member on the upper portion of the stroke changeover valve.

10: pump 20: tank
50: control valve 100: cylinder
102: sensing port 104: long stroke port
106: Short stroke port 110: High pressure chamber
120: Low pressure chamber 150: Piston
210: Chisel 300: Stroke switching valve
410, 420, 430, 440:
450: bypass pathway 455: orifice
460: Feeding channel 470: Returning channel
500: elastic member

Claims

A high pressure chamber 110 in which an oil pressure supplied from a pump 10 is filled, a low pressure chamber 120 in an intermediate portion is provided, A cylinder 100 provided with a sensing port 102, a long stroke port 104, and a short stroke port 106;
A control valve (50) provided in a flow path between the cylinder (100) and the pump (10) and controlling the supply direction of the hydraulic pressure;
A first flow path 410 which is a connection path to the high pressure chamber 110 is connected to the upper portion of the first flow path 410 and a second flow path 420 which is a connection path to the tank 20 is provided below the first flow path 410, A stroke switching valve 300 for selectively connecting a third flow path 430 to which the short stroke port 106 of the cylinder 100 is connected;
A fourth flow path 440 connecting the long stroke port 104 and the control valve 50;
A bypass flow path 450 connecting the first flow path 410 and the second flow path 420; And an orifice (455) provided on the bypass passage (450).

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the stroke switching valve (300) has a larger area of a lower portion where the second flow path (420) is connected than an upper portion to which the first flow path (410) is connected.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the stroke change-over valve (300) further comprises an elastic member (500) for multiplying pressure at the lower side.

The method according to claim 1,
The sensing port 102 is disposed at a lower position of the high pressure chamber 110 and a low pressure chamber 120 is disposed below the sensing port 102. A long stroke port 104), and a short stroke port (106) is disposed below the long stroke port (104).

A high pressure chamber 110 in which an oil pressure supplied from a pump 10 is filled, a low pressure chamber 120 in an intermediate portion is provided, A cylinder 100 provided with a sensing port 102, a long stroke port 104, and a short stroke port 106;
A control valve (50) provided in a flow path between the cylinder (100) and the pump (10) and controlling the supply direction of the hydraulic pressure;
A third flow path 430 in which the control valve 50 and the short stroke port 106 of the cylinder 100 are connected is connected to a first flow path 410 which is a connection path with the high pressure chamber 110, A stroke switching valve (300) for selectively connecting the stroke switching valve (300);
An elastic member (500) provided under the stroke change-over valve (300) and providing an elastic biasing force to the lower side of the stroke change-over valve (300);
A fourth flow path 440 connecting the long stroke port 104 and the control valve 50;
A bypass flow path 450 connecting the first flow path 410 and the tank 20; And an orifice (455) provided on the bypass passage (450).