KR101538795B1 - A workpiece cutting method of tool axis rotation - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip according to the present invention includes a workpiece fixing step of fixing a workpiece to a chuck of a main shaft installed in a horizontal Z axis direction, A tool fixing step of fixing a cutting tool equipped with a cutting tip having a cutting edge having a tip radius for cutting to a tool base of the tool, A second workpiece processing step of rotating the B-axis table around the center of the radius of the radius of the tip of the workpiece machined by the primary workpiece machining step and using the other side of the cutting part to process the workpiece, .
The method of machining a workpiece using the rotation of the cutting tip according to the present invention can prevent the machining accuracy from being lowered due to the amount of wear generated during machining of the cutting tool.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a method of cutting a workpiece using a cutting tip,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of machining a workpiece using a machine tool, and more particularly, to a method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tool for machining a workpiece while rotating a tip end curvature of the cutting tip for cutting.

Generally, a computerized numerically controlled machine tool (CNC), a machining center, a milling machine for ultra-precision machining, a grinding machine, etc., And the position of the tool are determined. Such a machine tool is widely used because it is advantageous for factory automation and mass production of workpieces.

On the other hand, if machining by a machine tool is performed for a long time, the tool is worn and the machining accuracy is lowered. In order to solve such a problem, a tool correcting device is provided for correcting a deviation amount between a tool for machining a workpiece and a reference coordinate in a numerical control machine, thereby facilitating the operation of the program in the machining operation. That is, when the tool correction device senses the tip position of the tool and provides the position to the control section with the main program, the control section calculates the change amount of the change position from the initial tip position of the tool and adjusts the tool position by the change amount Ensure that the precision is improved.

However, even if the cutting tool correction is performed as described above, the shape of the tool due to abrasion does not maintain the initial state, which results in a problem that accurate machining can not be performed. In particular, there is a problem in that the roughness of the cutting surface is relatively poor due to the wear of the tool during the processing of the ultra-small workpiece or lens.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2005-0098207 discloses a tool displacement compensation method for a machine tool. The disclosed correction method includes an actuator having a head lifted and lowered via a Z-axis servomotor, a main shaft mounted inside the head and having a hollow portion rotated through a main shaft motor and including a tapered surface at a lower portion thereof, and a shank fixed to the main shaft, Wherein the main spindle rotational speed detecting means detects a main spindle rotational speed in accordance with a setting signal and compares the detected main spindle rotational speed with the immediately previous detected rotational speed to determine whether or not a change has occurred A calculation step of calculating a tool displacement amount corresponding to the detected rotation speed in accordance with the determination result and a correction step of causing the head including the tool to move along the Z axis by the displacement amount according to the calculated displacement amount.

This tool position correction method corrects the displacement of the tool in the X, Y, and Z axial directions in real time, and it is possible to correct the position of the tool in the machine tool having the B axis (axis in which the tool is rotated in the direction perpendicular to the workpiece) There is a problem that the position can not be corrected.

Especially, when a curved surface is machined using a tool rotated in the B-axis direction, there is a problem that super-precision machining can not be performed. In consideration of this point, conventionally, a tool position setting reference is obtained by using a single point reference bar installed on a table perpendicularly to the direction of the main axis on the table, and the tip end focus The tool position was determined by visual inspection.

However, since the positioning method of these tools is set by using the microscope and the naked eye, it is not possible to increase the accuracy thereof, and it takes a lot of working time according to the setting, and the above-mentioned problems The point could not be solved fundamentally.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-0098207

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a machining method for machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip, which is capable of continuous machining without compensating the position of the tool continuously and preventing the cutting surface of the workpiece from being damaged by abrasion of the tool. Method.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip, which can improve the machining efficiency, because it is possible to reduce the replacement work of the cutting tip according to the machining step of the work such as roughing and finishing.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip, the method comprising: a workpiece fixing step of fixing a workpiece to a chuck of a main shaft installed in a Z-

A tool fixing step of fixing a cutting tool mounted on a tool base of the B-axis table in a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis, the cutting tool having a cutting tip having a cutting radius for cutting,

A first workpiece machining step of machining a workpiece mounted on the chuck by using one side portion of the cutting portion having the tip radius;

And a second workpiece machining step of rotating the B-axis table around the center of the radius of the radius of the tip of the workpiece machined by the primary workpiece machining step and using the other side of the cutter.

In the present invention, in the first workpiece processing step, when the curved surface of the workpiece is machined, the workpiece is rotated at the center of the tip radius of the cutting tip so that the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, Respectively.

The method of working a workpiece using rotation of the cutting tip of the present invention can broaden the use range of the cutting tip during machining of the workpiece by the cutting tip and fundamentally prevent the use range of the cutting tip from concentrating on the center of the tip radius can do.

Further, since the machining area of the cutting tip for machining can be diversified, it is possible to obtain a uniform roughness of the machined surface and to prolong the tool life.

1 is a perspective view showing a machining apparatus for a workpiece for performing a machining method of a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip according to the present invention, and is a perspective view showing a state in which a cutting tip is rotated due to rotation of a B-
3 is a plan view showing a state in which a workpiece is machined by a tool,
4 shows the surface roughness of the workpiece processed by the working method according to the present invention.

The method of working a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip according to the present invention can reduce a machining error due to the amount of wear of a cutting tip by rotating a cutting tip of the tool at the center of the tip radius, The following will be described.

Referring to the drawings, a method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip according to the present invention includes a workpiece fixing step of fixing a workpiece 100 to a chuck 12 of a main shaft 11 installed in a Z- And a tool fixing (14) for fixing the tool (200) to a tool base (14) installed in a B - axis table (13) provided in a direction perpendicular to the Z axis and rotated about a rotation center of a main axis or a machining center of a set workpiece .

In the tool fixing step, a tool installed on the tool rest 14 of the B-axis table 13 has a shank portion 210 and a cutting tip 220 installed at an end of the shank portion 210. The cutting tip 220 Has a cutting portion 221 having a predetermined tip radius R at its end. In the tool fixing step, the rotation center of the B-axis table 13 coincides with the center radius of the tip radius of the cutting portion 221 or the center of the radius R of the tip end, The B-axis table 13 and the tool rest 14 and the tool are mounted so as to move along the coplanar locus along the curved surface to be machined.

The first workpiece machining step of machining the workpiece 100 mounted on the chuck 12 using one side of the cutter 221 having the tip radius R . The workpiece 100 processed by the primary workpiece processing step is rotated using the center of the radius R of the tip end of the cutting portion 221 as an axis to use the other side of the cutting portion 221 And a second workpiece machining step for machining the workpiece.

The first workpiece machining step and the second workpiece machining step may be performed in a continuous process as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 or may be performed by performing roughing of the workpiece 100 as a first machining step of the workpiece, After the roughing pore is formed, the workpiece 100 can be finished by rotating the second workpiece processing step, that is, the cutting part about the radius R of the tip.

In the step of machining the workpiece using the first and second machining steps, when machining the curved surface of the workpiece, the machining surface of the workpiece 100 is rotated with the center of the tip radius R of the cutting tip 220, And the outer peripheral surface around the tip radius (R) of the portion (221) is relatively moved. The curved surface machining step is not limited to the machining of the curved surface, but can be applied to the machining of the flat surface and the inclined surface.

Since the center of the tip radius R of the cutting tip is not moved during machining of the workpiece and the machining of the workpiece can be maintained in the same manner as described above, It is possible to reduce the occurrence of machining interference due to the interference. Particularly, it is possible to expect the effect of improving the surface roughness by avoiding the tool, that is, the wear region of the cut portion 221 of the cut tip 220, and using the unused region of the cut portion.

According to the experiment of the present invention, three to four machining operations are performed in order to achieve the shape accuracy of 0.2 μm or less when machining a workpiece. Conventionally, after the primary machining, three correction machining operations are performed, In the process of achieving the shape accuracy, the wear of the tool causes the shape precision to decrease and the surface roughness to gradually decrease. However, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the workpiece 100 is rotated by a predetermined angle (about 0.5 degrees) with respect to the center of the tip radius R, The workpiece is processed by using the unused area of the workpiece 221, so that the shape precision is prevented from being reduced or the surface roughness is prevented from being weakened.

As described above, the method of working a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip according to the present invention has the following problems: the shape accuracy and surface roughness are reduced due to an increase in the amount of tool wear in proportion to the use distance of the cutting tool; It is possible to fundamentally prevent the interference due to the center positional variation and improve the machining accuracy according to the machining of the workpiece.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. . Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.

The method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip of the present invention can be widely applied not only to a machine tool having a B-axis table but also to machine tools such as various NCs and machining centers.

Claims (2)

A workpiece fixing step of fixing a workpiece to a chuck of a main shaft installed in a Z axis direction which is a horizontal direction,
A tool fixing step of fixing a cutting tool mounted on a tool base of the B-axis table in a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis, the cutting tool having a cutting tip having a cutting radius for cutting,
A first workpiece machining step of machining a workpiece mounted on the chuck by using one side portion of the cutting portion having the tip radius;
And a second workpiece machining step of machining the workpiece machined by the first workpiece machining step using the other side of the cutting part by rotating the B-axis table around the center of the radius of the radius of the tip of the cut part,
And a curved surface machining step in which, when machining the curved surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is rotated at the center of the radius of the tip radius of the cutting tip so that the outer peripheral surface of the machined surface and the outer peripheral surface, A method of machining a workpiece using rotation of a cutting tip. delete

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