KR101171248B1 - An apparatus for escaping from fire in the high building - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire evacuation device of a high-rise building, a manhole of a size that allows a person to pass through the floor surface of the veranda provided in the high-rise building, the sealing hatch can be opened and closed in the manhole for everyday safety The sliding ladder is formed by sliding a plurality of ladder members in the manhole is installed, when the hatch is opened, the sliding ladder is stretched to be the vertex of the lower floor from the manhole of the upper floor, while the mall sliding ladder is supported with elastic means. It is connected by a cable to hold and support the ladder which is inclined from the upper floor to the lower floor. The blocking plate is pivotally installed at the lower end of the manhole to block the lower entrance of the manhole and vertically open in an emergency. To prevent the space formed between the balustrades of the upper and lower porch Is supposed to be a curtain. The fire evacuation device of the present invention having such a structure allows the sliding rails folded in the manholes to be unfolded while the hatch is opened by opening the hatch in case of an emergency such as a fire so as to escape to the lower floor by a ladder. In addition, the blocking plate installed at the bottom of the manhole is rotated downward to expand and block the railing between the upper and lower floors so that the space between the railings is prevented when the ladder is lowered to the lower floor. To be able.

Description

An apparatus for escaping from fire in the high building}

The present invention relates to a fire evacuation device for a high-rise building, and in particular, a manhole through which a person can pass through the floor of a balcony is formed in the building, and a sliding ladder formed by sliding a plurality of ladder members in the manhole is installed to rotate. The hatch is installed at the entrance of the manhole, while the blocking plate is installed at the bottom of the manhole so that when the hatch is opened in an emergency, the ladder in the manhole opens and connects the veranda of the upper floor and the lower floor. It relates to a fire evacuation device for a high-rise building that allows the space between the floor and the handrail to be safely escaped downstairs.

In general, fires in high-rise buildings such as apartments and hotels are often difficult to evacuate.

In particular, when a fire occurs on a high floor and cannot escape outside through a door, there is a problem such as being trapped indoors and suffocating by smoke or being exposed to flame as it is.

As a solution to this problem, various emergency escape devices have been proposed, but most of these emergency exits are not effectively used.

In particular, most conventional emergency escape devices have been evacuated to the outside of buildings where flames and smoke do not reach by installing various auxiliary devices on the balustrades installed on the veranda. Such conventional emergency escape devices use various auxiliary devices. Because it is supposed to evacuate to the outside of the building, there is a problem that it is not only dangerous when evacuating due to the fire on the higher floor, but also dangerous.

For example, the device according to the invention, such as the patent application No. 10-2009-50258, 55396, and the like filed by the applicant of the present invention installs an auxiliary extension ladder on the balustrade provided on the balcony of the apartment, and when the fire occurs It extends to connect to the veranda downstairs and then takes the extension ladder to the downstairs.

However, the conventional apparatus as described above is very dangerous and has a good atmosphere because the extension ladder is spread through the outer surface of the building, so when a person moves on the extension ladder, he or she must go across the air without any safety support plate at the bottom. There was such a problem.

On the other hand, in order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present invention as a fire evacuation device, which is filed by the applicant of the present invention, through the manhole in the veranda of the high-rise building, and installed a ladder in the lower floor of the manhole, through the manhole and ladder in case of fire We have proposed a device that can be evacuated downstairs.

However, the device according to the existing invention has a problem that a person is exposed to empty air through a space formed between a railing of the upper floor and a railing of the lower floor when passing down the manhole in the upper floor and then descending on a ladder installed on the veranda wall of the lower floor. have.

In other words, in a building such as a high-rise apartment, an upper porch and a lower porch are not connected to each other, and an empty space is formed between the balustrade and the railing of the veranda. In this case, when moving downstairs with manholes and ladders formed on the veranda, people are exposed to empty space in the air while moving upstairs with ladders. .

In addition, as an invention relating to various fire evacuation apparatus filed by the applicant of the present invention, there was a device in which a ladder connecting the upper veranda and the lower veranda was fixedly installed. In addition to occupying the space, there were inconveniences such as security problems caused by the fixed ladder installed.

As another fire evacuation device, there was a device that installed a ladder connecting the lower porch and the upper porch to the upper rail so that when needed, the ladder could be connected to the lower floor so that a person could go down the lower floor. There was a disadvantage in that the railing structure was complicated.

Accordingly, when the fire occurs in a high-rise building such as an apartment, it is possible to safely escape from the floor where the fire does not go down to the lower floor where the fire does not occur without passing through the outer surface of the building, The lower and upper porches are not connected, and the ladder connects the lower and upper porches only in urgent cases, allowing them to evacuate, while keeping the existing railing structure simple and clean in appearance. The purpose is to provide a fire evacuation device for high-rise buildings.

Fire evacuation device for a high-rise building of the present invention for achieving the above object, the manhole formed on the bottom surface of the veranda provided in the high-rise building and can rotate in the entrance of the manhole A sealing hatch installed to close the manhole entrance for safety; A sliding ladder connected to the plurality of ladder members so as to be slidable, and having an upper end pivoted on one side wall of the manhole, the sliding ladder mounted to fold into the manhole; A blocking plate mounted on the lower manhole at the bottom of the sliding ladder to pivot and blocking the manhole from below, and blocking an empty space of the railing in an emergency; It is connected between the sliding ladder and the manhole made of a tension cable for supporting the sliding ladder.

The sliding ladder is locked through the hatch and the lock means, and when the hatch is closed, the sliding ladder is locked in the folded state in the manhole by the lock means. When the hatch is opened, the lock means is released to expand the sliding ladder in the manhole. have.

In addition, a binding mechanism is provided on the blocking plate installed at the lower end of the manhole, the blocking plate blocks the lower end of the manhole by the binding mechanism, and when a load is applied to the blocking plate, the binding mechanism is released to escape from the lower end of the manhole. By opening, the sliding ladder freely extends downwards.

Fire evacuation device for a high-rise building according to the present invention made of such a structure is normally a sliding ladder is built into the manhole while the inlet of the manhole is closed by the hatch, the bottom of the manhole is to be closed by the blocking plate.

Therefore, the fire evacuation apparatus according to the present invention can not only simplify the structure of the veranda because the ladder is built in the manhole and the ladder is not installed on the veranda and the railing of the lower floor and the upper floor, and the manhole in case of emergency. Ladder in the open to connect the upstairs and downstairs, and the barrier is extended to prevent the space formed between the upper and lower railings can be safely escape to the lower floor, and the like.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a veranda of a high-rise building equipped with a device according to the present invention, a sliding ladder is folded into a manhole drilled in the veranda, and a hatch and a blocking plate are respectively closed at upper and lower ends of the manhole,
Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the sliding ladder is built into the manhole in the device according to the invention, the hatch and the blocking plate is closed,
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in the state of FIG.
Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a structure coupled to the ladder member sliding in the sliding ladder constituting the device according to the present invention,
5 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a coupling structure of the sliding ladder constituting the device according to the present invention;
6 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which the engaging ring is mounted between the hatch and the sliding ladder in Figure 2,
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a binding mechanism for binding the blocking plate mounted on the bottom of the manhole in the device according to the invention to the bottom of the manhole
Figure 8 (a) (b) is a longitudinal sectional view and a plan sectional view showing the internal structure of the blocking plate mounted to the bottom of the manhole in the device according to the invention,
9 is a perspective view of a state in which the apparatus according to the present invention is viewed from the upper floor in a state where the hatch of the manhole is closed in a normal state;
10 is a perspective view of a state in which the blocking plate installed at the bottom of the manhole starts to open when the hatch of the manhole is opened in an emergency of the apparatus according to the present invention, viewed from below;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a state in which a blocking plate is fully expanded following the state of FIG. 10 and a ladder mounted inside the manhole is extended; FIG.
12 is a perspective view of a state in which the sliding ladder is fully extended after the state of FIG. 11 is connected to the veranda of the upper floor and the veranda of the lower floor;
FIG. 13 is a schematic side view of the sliding ladder fully unfolded as shown in FIG. 12 and connecting the veranda of the upper floor and the veranda of the lower floor.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the present invention.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a building equipped with a device according to the present invention, as shown in the drawings, the fire evacuation device of a high-rise building according to the present invention is the floor surface of the veranda (high-rise building) A manhole 2 of a size through which a person can pass is formed in 1), and a sealing hatch 3 is installed in the manhole 2 so as to be opened and closed through a hinge 4 for everyday safety. In the manhole 2, a plurality of ladder members 51, 52, 53, 54, and 55 are coupled to each other so as to be slidably movable. A sliding ladder 5 is rotatably installed, and a lower end of the manhole 2 is provided. The blocking plate 6 is installed to be rotated toward the balcony railing of the lower floor, and the tension cable 7 is installed between the sliding ladder 5 and the manhole 2 so that the sliding ladder 5 is inclined. Mall tension cable (7) to buy It is a structure which supported the rib 5.

The manhole (2) is integrally formed on the floor (1) of the veranda when building the building, it is preferable that the manhole (2) is formed at the tip of the balustrade (5) side of the veranda while being large enough to pass through.

And the manhole (2) is provided with a sealing hatch (3), the hatch (3) can be opened and closed around the hinge (4), the hatch (3) is provided with a handle 31 The handle 31 is mounted on a slider 33 which moves through the groove 32 of the long hole formed in the hatch 3, while being caught by a sliding ladder 5 below the slider 33. A locking ring 34 for securing the hatch 3 is provided.

The sliding ladder 5 mounted in the manhole 2 to be rotatable consists of a plurality of ladder members 51, 52, 53, 54, and 55, as shown in Figs. As the members 51, 52, 53, 54, and 55 are shown in Fig. 3, the sliding plates 56 protruding from the neighboring ladder members 51 slide in the other ladder members 52. The groove 57 is coupled to move up and down.

Accordingly, these ladder members 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 can be folded and folded as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, while sliding as shown in FIGS. 11 and 15. It can be straightened out.

That is, each of the ladder members (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) is formed with a sliding groove 57 in the longitudinal direction as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the sliding groove 57 Sliding plate 56 of the other ladder member in contact with each other in the inside is inserted to slide up and down, while the sliding plate 56 is capable of supporting the load by supporting the ladder members adjacent to each other with sufficient force.

Therefore, in the state where the sliding ladder 5 is fully extended, a person can come down on the ladder so that the ladder can support the load of the person.

Each ladder member (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) is provided with one or more support rods (58) forming a step of the ladder to provide both ladder members (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) As shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 6, a hook 34 connected to the handle 31 of the hatch 3 is hooked to the support rod 58 of the ladder member 51 located at the top. have.

As such, when the catching ring 34 of the hatch 3 is caught by the support rod 58 of the ladder member 51, the hatch 3 is locked so as not to be opened, and the entire sliding ladder 5 is locked. By being caught and supported by the ring 34, the sliding ladder 5 is prevented from descending downward.

On the other hand, the blocking plate 6 which blocks the lower part of the manhole 2, as shown in Fig. 7, the movable plate 62 supported by the spring 61 is mounted on the front end thereof, the movable plate ( The engaging hole 63 is formed in the front-end | tip of 62, The hinge 64 is provided in the rear end, and is mounted so that it can rotate.

A locking projection 21 protruding from the lower end of the manhole 2 is fitted into the coupling hole 63 of the blocking plate 6.

As such, when the engaging projection 21 of the manhole 2 is fitted into the engaging hole 63 formed at the tip of the blocking plate 6, the movable plate 62 is retracted to the rear while compressing the spring 61. Since the blocking plate 6 is held in a stationary manner, the blocking plate 6 is supported while being caught by the lower end of the manhole 2.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the blocking plate 6 is inserted into the outer plate 65 so that the inner plate 66 can move freely, and the inner plate 66 and the outer plate 65 are It is coupled to the protruding jaw 67 and the locking jaw 68 so as not to come out completely, the spring 61 and the movable plate 62 is mounted to the front end of the inner plate 66 and the coupling hole 63 is formed. It can be structured.

Thus, by making the blocking plate 6 into a double structure in which the outer plate 65 and the inner plate 66 are coupled, the function of the blocking plate 6 can be further increased.

And, as shown in Figures 3 and 5, the cable (7) for supporting the sliding ladder (5), the manhole of the ring 59 and the porch (1) protruding to both sides of the ladder (5) 2) It is connected between the tension control mechanism (T) built in the inside, it is to support the ladder (5) by always pulling a constant tension.

Here, the tension adjusting mechanism (T) consists of a drum (not shown) with a built-in spring or coil spring, and the cable (7) is wound around the drum, and the spring is connected to the rotating shaft of the drum to adjust the tension. Bar tension control mechanism (T) is selected because it can be used according to the needs of the various related mechanisms known in the art, the description of the detailed structure is omitted here.

However, the tension control mechanism (T) is built in the porch (1) to be exposed to one side of the manhole (2) is to support the ladder (5) at a constant tension at all times.

In the apparatus of the present invention having such a structure, the ladder 5 is folded into the manhole 2 as shown in FIG. 1 in a normal state, and the hatch 3 is covered above the manhole 2 so that the hatch ( The hooking ring 34 connected to the slider 33 of 3) is caught by the support bar 58 of the ladder member 51 located at the top of the ladder 5 so that the ladder 5 is lowered by its own weight. In addition to being prevented, the hatch 3 is to be held open.

The blocking plate 6 is closed at the lower end of the manhole 2, and the blocking plate 6 is in the hole 63 formed at the tip when the blocking plate 6 is in close contact with the lower end of the manhole 2 as described above. Protrusions 21 protruding from the pin are inserted to lock the blocking plate 6 freely.

Therefore, in the normal state, the upper end of the manhole 2 in which the ladder 5 is built is covered by the hatch 3 and the lower end is blocked by the blocking plate 6.

In a case where a fire occurs in such a normal state and it is necessary to evacuate to another place, as shown in FIG. 9, grasping the handle 31 of the hatch 3 and pulling the slider 33 backward, the slider 33 Moves backward through the sliding groove 32 so that the hook 34 protruding from the lower side of the slider 33 exits from the support bar 58 of the first ladder member 51 located at the top of the ladder 5. do.

Therefore, as the ladder 5 locked by the locking ring 34 is unlocked, the ladder 5 descends downward by its own weight, and the ladder 5 moves downward to move the blocking plate 6 downward. Will be pressed.

When the ladder 5 presses the blocking plate 6 in this way, the blocking plate 6 which is engaged with the protrusion 21 protruding from the lower end of the manhole 2 through the hole 63 formed at the tip of the blocking plate 6. The protrusion 21 is pulled out and rotated downward as shown in FIG.

When the blocking plate 6 is rotated and struck, as shown in FIG. 8, the inner plate 66 coupled in a double structure exits from the outer plate 65 and moves downward as shown in FIG. 11. Unfolded to extend.

When the blocking plate 6 is unfolded while the inner plate 66 is completely removed from the outer plate 65, as shown in FIG. 11, between the upper porch 1 and the lower railing 8. In the space (s) of the predetermined size formed in the side portion of the ladder (5) serves as a curtain that blocks the atmosphere of the air.

As described above, when the blocking plate 6 completely exits from the lower end of the manhole 2, the lower end of the manhole 2 is opened, so that the hinge 5 is continuously lowered down the ladder 5. Tilted while rotating around

When the ladder 5 is inclined to one side, the ladder members 51, 52, 53, 54, and 55, which are coupled to freely slide each other, slide down from the top in order and are finally unfolded in FIG. 12 and FIG. As shown, one tip of the ladder touches the bottom of the veranda on the lower floor.

As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, when the ladder 5 is completely unfolded, a person who is on the floor where a fire has occurred can escape to the lower floor by using the ladder 5.

On the other hand, the ladder 5 is supported by the cable (7) even in a fully deployed state, each of the ladder members 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 constituting the ladder 5 is sliding plate 56 Since the structure is coupled to be able to slide by a), the cable 7 and the sliding plate 56 can properly support the load applied to the ladder when descending to the lower floor by the inclined ladder ladder ( 5) does not cause problems such as collapse due to human load.

Thus, when descending downstairs on the ladder (5), in the case of a high-rise building, the space (s) formed between the upstairs veranda (1) and the downstairs railings (9) may cause a sense of fear. In the blocking plate (6) to block a part of the space next to the ladder (5) because it can prevent or reduce the feeling of fear can be safely escaped downstairs.

As described above, the apparatus according to the present invention is usually embedded in the manhole 2 in a state in which a sliding ladder 5 composed of a plurality of ladder members 51, 52, 53, 54, and 55 overlaps with each other. 2) the upper end of the hatch (3) is covered, the lower end of the manhole (2) is to be blocked with a blocking plate (6).

Therefore, in general, the manhole installed with the device according to the present invention looks at the bottom, even if viewed from above, the sliding ladder 5 embedded in the manhole 2 is not visible, so that the appearance can be kept clean.

Then, when an emergency such as a fire occurs and the hatch 3 is opened, the sliding ladder 5 extends downward and the blocking plate 6 rotates toward the railing 8 to move down toward the railing 8, and thus the space s above the railing 8. Because it prevents, you can escape to the lower floor safely without a fire on the ladder (5) without feeling fear in high altitude.

1-veranda bottom 2-manhole
3-Hatch 4-Hinge
5-Sliding Ladder 6-Block
7-cable 8-handrail
21-protrusion 31-handle
32-Sliding Groove 33-Slider
34-Hanging Hooks 5152,53,54,55-Ladder members
56-sliding plate 57-sliding hole
58-Support Rod 61-Spring
62-moving plate 63-coupling hole
64-Hinge 65-Outer Plate
66-inner plate

Claims (4)

delete A manhole (2) formed on a bottom surface of a veranda provided in a high-rise building so that a person can pass therethrough; A sealing hatch (3) installed at the inlet of the manhole (2) to block the inlet of the manhole (2) for safety in normal times; A plurality of ladder members (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) are slidably connected to each other and the upper end is installed to pivot on one side wall of the manhole (2) mounted to fold into the manhole (2) A sliding ladder 5; A blocking plate (6) mounted on the lower end of the manhole (2) in which the sliding ladder (5) is mounted to block the manhole (2) from the bottom and to block the empty space of the railing in an emergency; It is connected between the sliding ladder 5 and the manhole (2) is made to include a tension cable (7) for supporting the sliding ladder (5),
Sliding in a state in which the sliding plate 56 protruding from the ladder members 51 adjacent to the ladder members 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 of the sliding ladder 5 is inserted into another ladder member 52. Fire evacuation device of a high-rise building, characterized in that coupled to move up and down in the groove 57
3. The blocking plate (6) has a movable plate (62) supported by a spring (61) at a tip end thereof, and a coupling hole (63) is formed at the tip of the movable plate (62). The hinge 64 is installed at the rear end so as to be rotatable, and the engaging hole 63 of the blocking plate 6 is fitted with the engaging protrusion 21 protruding from the lower end of the manhole 2. Fire evacuation device of high-rise building, characterized in that
The barrier plate 6 is inserted into the outer plate 65 so that the inner plate 66 can move freely, and the inner plate 66 and the outer plate 65 are protruding jaws 67. It is coupled to not completely escape from the catching jaw 68, the spring 61 and the movable plate 62 is mounted to the front end of the inner plate 66, characterized in that the structure formed with a coupling hole 63 Evacuation device for high-rise buildings.

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