KR101032654B1 - Method for producing totally mixed fermentated feed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Complete mixed fermented feed and a producing method thereof are provided to obtain the mixed fermented feed using the mechanical biotechnological fermentation. CONSTITUTION: A producing method of complete mixed fermented feed comprises the following steps: mixing plant food by-products and industrial food by-products with common formula feed to obtain mixed feed; crushing the mixed feed; sterilizing the crushed product at 65~75deg C for 15~30minutes; injecting anaerobic lactic acid bacteria or microorganisms into the outcome; and fermenting the mixture for 1~5hours at 35~45deg C, with the relative humidity of 55~65%.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a fully fermented feed,

The present invention relates to a fermented feed for livestock utilizing food byproducts and industrial by-products, and more particularly, to provide a feed suitable for the rumen environment of a ruminant through mechanical bioengineering fermentation, thereby optimizing the decomposition and absorption in the rumen, The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a fully mixed fermented feed for axial use which maximizes productivity by maximizing the rumen passing rate by increasing the digestion rate of the dry matter.

Generally, as a method of feeding feed to cows and cows in livestock farms, a method of separately feeding forage and concentrated feeds and a method of totally mixed ration (TMR) in which feeds and concentrated feeds are mixed at appropriate ratios are used .

Among them, TMR feed method is mainly used by purchasing TMR feeds manufactured or sold by a feed company, feeding them, or feeding TMR feeds formulated in a co-feeder.

In other words, the TMR feed specification system is intended to improve the productivity by simply relying on the fermentation effect in the rumen through the rumen stabilization process through the physical mixture feeding of the concentrated feed and the forage.

Sometimes, a product called 'Totally Mixed fermented feed' is circulated on the market, but it is called TMF feed which is produced by using fermentation method of lactic acid bacteria that merely combines with popularity of TMF to make a general squeeze. It is not an obvious TMF feed, but a TMR syringe.

In order to solve various problems in using the conventional TMR feed specification system as described above, the TMF specification system is used instead of the TMR feed specification system to achieve the maximum amount of the building intake, which is the absolute condition of the high- We want to achieve productivity improvement by optimization.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a fully mixed fermented feed for axial nutrition by extracorporeal mechanical biotechnology fermentation by setting the same conditions as fermentation in rumen of a ruminant.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of feeding a feed containing the completely mixed fermented feed at a specific ratio to milking or bovine feed.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

For this purpose, in order to mechanically ferment in vitro under the same conditions as fermentation in rumen rumen of the present invention, the kinds of microorganisms in the rumen are set, and temperature, moisture, degree of saturation of oxygen, By properly controlling the same conditions to produce a complete mixed fermentation (TMF) feed, the fermentation efficiency and digestion rate in the subsequent rumen were increased, and a feeder system for the beef cattle could be provided.

The TMF specification system of the present invention has the following effects:

In the production of feed, special fermentation process is performed by mechanical and biological fermentation, and it is decomposed and absorbed in the rumen of cattle. In order to dissolve and absorb components such as crude fiber in rumen, Therefore, the efficiency of rumen fermentation is increased and digestion of digestion is accelerated, so that the amount of building intake is greatly increased and the rumen optimization effect is very high.

Unlike the TMR specification system, which relies solely on the rumen effect in the rumen, the TMF specification system maximizes the fermentation effect in the rumen by feeding the feed produced using mechanical biotechnology special fermentation manufacturing process in advance to the cattle As the system utilizes the system, the rumen pass rate of the digestion contents is accelerated, so that the maximum building intake, which is one of the absolute conditions of the high capability specification, and the productivity improvement by the optimization of the rumen are excellent.

The TMF specification method is an aggressive and leading specification system that optimizes the rumen environment through mechanical biotechnological fermentation in vitro and maximizes the throughput rate of the ingested material, It is possible to provide beef cattle of the quality required by the consumer.

FIG. 1 shows a process for producing a fully mixed fermented feed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing a fully mixed fermented feed, which comprises mixing plant food byproducts and industrial food by-products from a byproduct generated in the food industry using raw, A mixing step for producing feed; A pulverizing step of slowly mixing the mixed feed while mixing; A sterilization step of sterilizing the pulverized raw material at 65 to 75 DEG C for 15 to 30 minutes; A step of inoculating the sterilized raw material with a microorganism inoculating the microorganism and anaerobic lactic acid bacteria in the rumen; And a fermentation step in which the microorganism-inoculated raw material is fermented at a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C, a relative humidity of 55 to 65% and under a condition of oxygen supply for 1 to 5 hours under a smooth condition, .

In order to accomplish the other object, the fully mixed fermented feed of the present invention is produced according to the above-described production method and has a moisture content of 30 to 50 wt%.

The present invention also provides a method of using a feed containing 20 to 60% by weight of a fully mixed fermented feed having the above characteristics for milking wastes.

The present invention also provides a method for using a feed containing 30 to 100% by weight of a fully mixed fermented feed having the above characteristics in a cattle feed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fully mixed fermented feed, wherein a specific method of producing the feed is as follows, and each step in FIG. 1 is specifically shown.

First, fermenting the fermented feed by mixing the general feed, the vegetable food by-product or the industrial food by-product, and mixing the fermented feed and other raw materials including the TMR raw material.
Food byproducts are byproducts from the food industry that use agriculture, water and livestock products as raw materials.
Examples of such food byproducts include a gluten feed separated from an embryo crushed product in the process of preparing starch from corn, a gluten meal generated at the earliest stage of starch separation; Beage produced in the production of tofu; Byproducts of plant foods such as soymilk produced during soybean milk production, animal food by-products such as slaughter by-products and fish waste such as tuna, and industrial food by-products such as amino acids, nucleic acids, .
On the other hand, TMR feed refers to a feed that is mixed with a general compound feed such as rice straw and fermented for a certain period of time.
That is, after adjusting the content ratio so that the nutrients having excellent fermentation effect are well balanced, the fermentation tank designed according to the physical characteristics of the raw materials, thoroughly sterilize the harmful bacteria which may be contained in the raw material by using high temperature and high pressure steam, , The fermented feed is directly mixed with TMR raw materials and vacuum packed. TMR raw material refers to all raw materials that can be used in TMR, and can be pineapple, alfalfa hay, rice straw, flake, whole barley, and general compound feed.

The fermented feed manufacturing process according to the present invention is designed to be able to use raw materials such as special juices and food processing by-products which can not be used in a mechanical process in a compound feed factory or a TMR factory. Which can be economically utilized. Because of these advantages, the TMF feed manufacturing method has various advantages such as diversity of raw materials, stability of product, and economical cost.

The most important feature of the TMF fermented feed of the present invention is that the fermenter which follows the function of the rumen is used to make a state that can be decomposed and fermented earlier than the rumen before feeding. For this purpose, in order to ferment the mixed feed, the following four steps of pulverization, sterilization, microbial inoculation, and fermentation are carried out, and normal fermentation proceeds according to the conditions according to the characteristics.

1) Grinding: This is a process in which the feed is slowly pulverized and mixed as in the case of bovine chewing. This allows microorganisms to digest and synthesize the feed at a balanced rate.

2) Pasteurising: Before infecting microorganisms, it is necessary to remove various bacteria, bacteria, or germs that may be attached to the feed first. In this process, the temperature is mainly increased by heat or steam. In this case, the heating method using the steam makes the microorganisms easily attack by sterilizing the feed while swelling the feed. At this time, the sterilization temperature should be 15 ~ 30 minutes at 60 ~ 75 ℃.

3) Microbial Inoculation: After completely sterilized, the microorganisms that cause fermentation should be inoculated. In this case, the microorganisms to be used should be inoculated with mixed microorganisms such as microorganisms in the rumen and inoculated with the necessary anaerobic lactic acid bacteria after vacuum packaging, .

The microorganisms in the rumen of the ruminant are preferably mixed microorganisms selected from the group consisting of actinomycetes, yeast, and Aspergillus oryzae.

It is preferable that the anaerobic lactic acid bacteria are at least one selected from the group consisting of Lacto bacteria, Bacillus bacteria, Streptococcus bacteria and Aspergillus bacteria. The purpose of administering anaerobic lactic acid bacteria is to promote palatability through the propagation of lactic acid bacteria during the distribution period and to preserve and maintain product quality.

4) Fermentation: After inoculation of microorganisms, temperature, humidity and oxygen should be supplied appropriately so that microorganisms can reproduce quickly and easily.

An important point during the fermentation process is to ensure that the fermentation of the fiber, which is not easily fermented in the rumen, should occur well. Effective fermentation may occur if the compounding ratio is adjusted so that the carbohydrate or nitrogen compound is decomposed and synthesized at a constant rate over time. If the fermentation is wrong, it can cause corruption, so if you misunderstand the process of fermentation or use the wrong proportion, you will have to incur huge losses.

Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C, a relative humidity of 55 to 65% and an oxygen supply condition for effective fermentation.

If the above conditions are exceeded, it is not preferable since effective fermentation can not take place.

In this case, the fermentation time is preferably about 1 hour or more, depending on the kind of microorganisms to be added and the number of microorganisms. However, the longer the time, the longer the fermentation time is. The rate of increase is gentle, and therefore it is preferable to perform the operation in the above time range considering the economical efficiency in industry.

The final step is to mix the fermented feed and other raw materials including the TMR raw material to prepare a fully mixed fermented feed. The finally prepared fully mixed fermented feed is vacuum packed and packaged. Such a packaging method continues to perform anaerobic fermentation even after the fermentation product, resulting in improved taste and flavor due to the fermented product, and a longer storage period, resulting in excellent quality and hygienic products. Therefore, it is a clear product that is different from the manufacturing process of other products that are likely to be contaminated during the distribution and handling of fermentation raw materials.

The TMR raw pineapple foil, alfalfa hay, rice straw, special raw material, flake, whole barley, compounded feed, and the like are mixed with the fermented feed.

When prepared as described above, a complete mixed fermented feed product having a moisture content of 30 to 50% is obtained. This is because the moisture content of the fermented feed product is such that the water intake amount can be maximized when the cow's water content is 40% It can be said that it has an optimum moisture content. In addition, the moisture at this time is a fermentation broth produced during the fermentation process. Since the fermentation broth contains various organic acids, vitamins and various physiologically active substances, which are fermented products of microorganisms, it is a great help to improve the health and productivity of the breeding stock.

In addition, since the finished product according to the present invention is packed in a quadrangular compression vacuum state, the product is stored in the anaerobic state at the same time of packaging. Since the product is stored in an anaerobic state, the taste and flavor of the fermented lactic acid bacteria are improved during storage and it becomes difficult to invade harmful bacteria from the outside. Even if there is one spoilage bacteria or harmful bacteria in the bay, the resistance to these bacteria is increased, so that the preservation period is lengthened and the long-distance transportation is also smooth.

In addition, since the product is concentrated during the fermentation process, it can be easily packaged in 25 kg units. In general, TMR products have a disadvantage that it is difficult to package the products in 25 kg units because of the bulk of the materials because they contain a lot of fibrous materials. In general, TMF is packaged at 25kg because the product is concentrated during the manufacturing process. However, since the size of the land is smaller than that of the TMR zone, the cost of the packaging can be saved. It can be done.

Meanwhile, the present invention can provide a method of introducing the fully mixed fermented feed such as described above into cattle or dairy cattle. First, characteristics of the TMF feed should be considered according to the type of the feeder.

Milking and beef cattle have important differences in terms of production time and the time of growth of the rumen. Milk production begins at the age of 24 months of age, ie, after the rumen is almost complete, so specifications should be maintained according to the characteristics of the rumen.

However, in the case of beef cattle, production is completed in 24-28 months of age and it is a step to be slaughtered, that is, the rumen is completed in terms of function and size, and at the same time the production work must be performed. Due to the different quality of Marbling, which is preferred in Korea and Japan, the specification of the finishing period is very unique. Taking this into consideration, synergy effects can be obtained by using TMF feed well. The specific method according to the type of stock is explained below.

(1) Use of TMF feed in milking

Feeding TMF feeds in the form of fully fermented feeds is not possible in milking specifications management. Because it is necessary to feed hay and concentrated feeds containing a lot of vitamins and minerals, a certain amount of fermented feed should be mixed and fed.

At this time, the fermented feed that can be mixed can be fed up to 20 ~ 60% by weight, which can be decided according to the economical efficiency depending on the breeding stage and the comparison stage.

What is important here is the moisture content. The moisture content is directly related to the intake of the feed, which ultimately determines the amount of food taken. In general, the water content of TMR is set to be 40 to 50% by weight, and the amount of TMR is 40 to 50%, which is the maximum amount of building intake in the dairy cow. It is common to think that TMR feed mills are manufactured and sold by this principle, so that farmers can sell water to make profits, which is a mere misunderstanding of water content.

TMF feeds are best fermented when the moisture content of the fermented feed is 60%. Therefore, 60% fermented feed can be prepared and mixed with hay or concentrated feed to make 40 ~ 50 wt% TMF feed. The amount of nutrients is determined by the amount of dry matter in the feed that the cow ingests, eventually subtracting the moisture. When 60% moisture is fed, 40% dry matter is ingested. In this case, the water content is too high to consume the dry matter, so the total intake should be increased to an appropriate moisture content.

However, cow varies in palatability depending on the degree of water content, resulting in a difference in total intake. The intake of dry matter of cattle is maximized when the moisture content is 40 ~ 50% depending on the individual. The preferred moisture content is different according to the breeding stage and the moisture content is adjusted according to the breeding method. The optimal moisture content is 40% for the fattening feed and 45% for the cow feed.

(2) Specification using TMF feed in cattle

Unlike milking, it is easy to manufacture TMF feed for cattle, because it is possible to feed the fully mixed fermented feed in the cattle feeder. Be careful not to let the vitamins or minerals block in the form of free vegetarian diet to avoid the symptoms of deficiency.

The mixing ratio of the fermented feed can be 30 ~ 100 wt% according to the finishing stage, but if there is a self fermenting mixer, it is most economical to reduce the cost by feeding 100% fermented feed. Proper moisture content can be adjusted to 40 ~ 45% depending on the stage of breeding, but it can be adjusted to 30 ~ 45 weight% depending on the breeding environment or conditions. However, in the post-finishing stage and the marbling stage, it is necessary to set the moisture content to 40% to achieve the maximum intake, thereby enhancing the effect of marbling.

In particular, farmers are trying to reduce feed costs by using limited grades or low quality feed at the end of the fattening or marbling stage, which is a foolish way. At the end of the fattening period, you should expect the best feed to have unlimited feed and marbling through the best intake.

Claims (13)

A mixing step of mixing the plant food byproducts and the industrial food byproducts from the byproducts generated in the food industry using agriculture, water, and livestock products as raw materials to produce a mixed feed;
A pulverizing step of slowly mixing the mixed feed while mixing;
A sterilization step of sterilizing the pulverized raw material at 65 to 75 DEG C for 15 to 30 minutes;
A step of inoculating the sterilized raw material with a microorganism inoculating the microorganism and anaerobic lactic acid bacteria in the rumen; And
It is produced by simulating the processes taking place in the rumen of ruminants, including the fermentation step in which the microorganism-inoculated raw material is fermented at a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C, a relative humidity of 55 to 65% and a condition of oxygen supply for 1 to 5 hours under smooth conditions Of the total fermented feed. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the sterilizing step uses a heating method using steam, wherein the steam penetrates into the tissues of the pulverized raw material to make the tissue vaginal, thereby facilitating microbial inoculation and fermentation. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the microorganism inhabits the rumen of the ruminant is at least one selected from the group consisting of actinomycetes, yeast, and Aspergillus oryzae.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the anaerobic lactic acid bacteria are at least one selected from the group consisting of Lacto bacteria, Bacillus bacteria, Streptococcus bacteria and Aspergillus bacteria. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the fermentation step is performed within a range of 1 hour to 2 hours. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a mixing step of mixing the fermented feed with the forage and concentrated feed,
Wherein the forage is one selected from the group consisting of pineapple foil, alfalfa hay, rice straw, flake, whole barley, and general compounded feeds. The method according to claim 6,
The method of claim 1, further comprising vacuum-compressing and packing the mixed feed.
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