KR101008363B1 - Knockdown roof with ventilation layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a prefabricated roof having a ventilation layer capable of natural ventilation for dehumidification or condensation prevention.

In the prefabricated roof having the ventilation layer of the present invention, the insulating layer having a two-layer structure is laminated on the upper surface of the lower plate, and a plurality of supports placed on the lower plate support the upper plate so that the upper plate is separated from the insulating layer. It is formed, and the moisture barrier film is bonded to the boundary between the unit lower plate constituting the lower plate and the thermal block is interposed between the lower plate and the support, thereby preventing the thermal bridge phenomenon by the thermal block and condensation by ventilation It is related with the prefabricated roof provided with the ventilation layer.

Roof, Aeration, Prefab, Ventilation

Description

Knockdown roof with ventilation layer

The present invention relates to a prefabricated roof having a ventilation layer capable of natural ventilation to prevent dehumidification or condensation. More specifically, a two-layered insulating material is laminated on the upper surface of the lower plate, and protrudes through the insulating material in a state where it is erected on the lower plate. The upper plate is placed on the upper end of the support to form a natural ventilation layer between the insulation and the upper plate, the moisture barrier film is laminated to each overlapping portion of the edge between the unit lower plate constituting the lower plate at the same time between the lower plate and the support The thermal block is interposed so that the hot block prevents hot or cold bridge through the support to the lower plate, and condensation can be prevented by ventilation of the ventilation layer. A prefabricated roof with layers.

The most basic use of the building is for people's dwelling, and in order to do this, it is necessary to avoid the sun, rain, and snow, and the most important part of the building is the roof.

The roof of the building as described above has a wide variety of forms and structures according to the building material, the main form of the roof is a sloped roof and flat roof, the sloped roof has been used since ancient times and is still used in general.

In addition, the flat roof has been widely used in a place where rainwater drainage of the roof is less important due to the dry climate, and the new flat roof has been applied more widely as new waterproofing materials and structural steel and concrete are used. It is commonly used in offices and other commercial buildings.

In addition, the roof is composed of two structures: one-piece roof that constructs walls, columns, and roofs integrally using reinforced concrete, and a prefabricated roof that joins the roof to walls and columns by using fastening members such as bolts or rivets. One can distinguish one-piece roofs that are applied to all general buildings.

However, prefabricated roofs have been widely applied to factories and simple buildings since the sandwich panels filled with insulation between two sheets of metal, in particular, have poor thermal insulation and durability compared to integrated roofs. The heat loss through the roof is greater than that of the wall due to the convection of air and condensation may occur, causing problems in dehumidification. Looking at the conventional prefabricated roof as follows.

The simplest prefabricated roof is an example of a structure that follows a number of sandwich panels filled with styrofoam or urethane foam between painted steel sheets, commonly called pre-coated metal sheets (PCM), and painted steel sheets. In this case, the construction cost of the roof is relatively reduced.

However, since the sandwich panel has a structure in which two opposite coated steel sheets are not directly bonded to each other but adhesively bonded to both sides of the heat insulating material, the roof using the sandwich panel (hereinafter referred to as "first example roof") has insufficient rigidity. There is a disadvantage in that the deformation resistance, durability, etc. due to external shocks are inferior.

In order to solve the disadvantages of the sandwich panel roof as described above, the lower plate is installed horizontally so that the edges overlap each other to serve as a ceiling of the roof, and a plurality of supporters are upright coupled to the upper surface of the lower plate; An upper plate stacked on an upper end of the support; An insulating material filled between the upper plate and the lower plate; Prefabricated roofs (hereinafter referred to as "second roof") have been developed.

The roof of the second example, since the upper and lower plates located at the top and bottom are respectively coupled to the upper and lower ends of the metal support, the rigidity and durability may be improved than the roof of the first example using the sandwich panel.

However, it is impossible to prevent condensation from occurring even though insulation is used in the conventional first example roof and the second example roof in which insulation is interposed between two facing metal plates.

That is, the conventional prefabricated roof is in contact with the outside air and the indoor air through the gaps and heat insulating material that must be formed in the edge overlapping portion or the connection between the sandwich panel and the sandwich panel, the upper and lower plates constituting the upper and lower plates, respectively, Despite the presence of condensation on the surface of the lower plate, especially in winter, this phenomenon is increased due to the expansion of the gap between the unit plate and the change of the insulation itself over time as the use of the roof longer.

Therefore, it is difficult to apply the prefabricated roof as described above in a clean room such as a semiconductor manufacturing plant, which requires strict management control such as temperature and humidity.

In order to solve the above problems, a structure in which a ventilation layer is formed in a roof has been developed, and "Roof insulation structure" and "ventilation insulation system of building roof" are published in Korean Patent Nos. 133267 and 307041, respectively. It is.

The two inventions, aeration between the lower plate (corresponding to the "lower plate material" or "inner plate part" of the two cited invention) and the upper plate (corresponding to the "top plate material" or "outer plate part" of the two cited invention) A layer is formed, and a heat insulating material is bonded to the bottom (or outer surface) of the lower plate, and the heat insulating property is improved by ventilation through the air vent layer, and condensation in the air vent layer is also reduced by continuous circulation of external air. There is an advantage that it can.

However, in the above two inventions, since the heat insulating material is coupled to the bottom of the lower plate, it is inconvenient and difficult because the heat insulating material must be bonded to the bottom of the bottom plate, not to the top of the bottom plate, and the separate material is used so that the heat insulating material is not exposed. There is a hassle to additionally close the bottom, which can lead to an increase in construction costs.

The former of the two inventions (No. 133267) is a state in which the lower end of the gap bolt that maintains the gap between the upper and lower plates passes through the lower plate and is coupled to the roof support that supports the lower plate. Condensation may occur on the bottom plate and the roof support by hot or cold beidge in which the temperature of the outside air is directly transmitted to the bottom plate and the roof support.

At this time, the lower plate is composed of a unit lower plate of a predetermined size rather than a single plate, and moisture may flow into the insulation through gaps between the unit lower plates, and the moisture passes through the insulation and forms on the indoor ceiling (or the bottom of the insulation). This phenomenon may occur more frequently as the service life of the insulation increases.

In the latter invention (No. 307041), the lower plate is supported by a support penetrating through the heat insulating layer, the upper plate is supported by a gap holder erected on the lower plate, and the support and the gap holder are arranged on the same line. The dew condensation of the ceiling may occur more severely than the invention of the former because the temperature of the outside air through the top plate is transmitted directly to the bottom of the insulation layer, that is, the indoor ceiling through the support and the spacing.

In the latter case, the ventilation through the ventilation layer is formed from the floor of the wall to the ridge of the roof, and the ventilation path is longer than necessary, and it is unnecessarily affected by geothermal heat, radiant heat, and floor moisture.

As described above, in the case of a conventional prefabricated roof, it is difficult to completely prevent condensation occurring on the indoor ceiling even if a ventilation layer is provided. In addition, when the humidity is high and the indoor air pressure is higher than the outside, Since the outdoor leakage cannot be prevented, the maintenance cost may be increased, particularly in a clean room in which temperature, humidity, and the like must be kept constant.

The present invention was devised to solve various problems such as dehumidification, condensation, and additional finishing work caused by bonding a heat insulating layer to the bottom of a lower plate of a conventional prefabricated roof, and requires a finishing work so that the heat insulating layer is not exposed. And prevents or minimizes thermal bridges through the support for maintaining the gap between the upper and lower plates to prevent condensation occurring on the lower plate, and the moisture on the upper side of the lower plate does not flow into the interior through the unit lower plate, It is an object of the present invention to provide a roof of a structure in which moisture does not leak through the unit bottom plate to the outside.

The above object of the present invention is a moisture barrier film adhesively bonded to the overlapping edge portion of the unit lower plate and the unit lower plate constituting the lower plate, the thermal block interposed between the upper surface of the lower plate and the bottom of the support, heat insulating material of the two-layer structure and It is formed between the heat insulator and the top plate and is achieved by a ventilation layer or the like starting from the cornice.

In the prefabricated roof having the ventilation layer of the present invention, since the ventilation layer starts from the cornice, not only the floor is affected but also the ventilation is smoothly performed, and the upper and lower surfaces of the lower plate are completely blocked by the moisture barrier membrane. Moisture contained in the air in the lower space is impossible to move, there is an advantage that the humidity change of the indoor air is minimized.

The thermal block is interposed between the support and the lower plate to maintain the gap between the upper and lower plates to prevent condensation that may occur on the upper or lower surface of the lower plate by a cold bridge in winter.

In addition, since the heat insulating material is made of a hard insulating material and a soft insulating material laminated up and down, the heat insulating property is sufficiently secured, and the air permeability due to friction with air is minimized, so that condensation of the ventilation layer can be prevented or minimized by smooth aeration. There is this.

The present invention relates to a prefabricated roof having a ventilating layer, which is formed in the roof at the eave to prevent or minimize the occurrence of condensation.

In the prefabricated roof having the ventilation layer of the present invention, the condensation phenomenon that occurs in the indoor bottom of the lower plate due to the thermal bridge phenomenon through the support that maintains the gap between the upper plate and the lower plate is impossible to move the air through the lower plate It is characterized by the structure to be prevented.

Prefabricated roof of the present invention as described above, the bottom plate; A moisture barrier film adhered to an upper surface of the lower plate; A heat insulating material laminated on an upper surface of the lower plate including a moisture barrier; A plurality of supports protruding from the upper surface of the lower plate through the heat insulating material; A thermal block interposed between the upper surface of the lower plate and the bottom of the support; A top plate stacked on top of the support; It is composed of a bar, and the space between the upper surface of the heat insulating material and the bottom of the upper plate laminated on the support, that is, a structure in which a ventilation layer is formed, looking at each as follows.

The lower plate, which forms the ceiling of the room, is a structure in which the edges of the plurality of unit lower plates are combined in an overlapping state.

The moisture barrier is a waterproofing and moisture proof sheet of an object bonded to an overlapping portion (or overlapping portion) of the unit lower plate and the unit lower plate, that is, the upper surface of the boundary between the unit lower plate, and is formed on the edge overlapping portion of the unit lower plate and the unit lower plate. It acts to seal the gap that can be.

The heat insulating material is for heat insulation, and consists of a two-layer structure of a soft insulating material laminated on the upper surface of the lower plate and a hard insulating material laminated on the soft insulating material upper surface.

At this time, the soft insulating material is in close contact with the heat insulating material is deformed in accordance with the shape of the top surface of the lower plate in order to be laminated in a state in which the heat insulating material is uniformly molded on the entire upper surface of the lower plate is bent and raised to increase the rigidity. The hard insulation is used to reduce friction with the air flowing through the ventilation layer and at the same time, when condensation occurs in the ventilation layer, moisture is not easily absorbed by the heat insulating material, and the air is flowing through the ventilation layer within a short time. It was used to allow evaporation.

The supporter serves to maintain the gap between the lower plate and the upper plate so that the interlayer and the upper plate stacked on the lower plate can be kept in a spaced apart state.

The thermal block is intended to prevent or minimize the occurrence of condensation on the upper or lower surface of the lower plate due to thermal bridges in which the temperature of the external air is transferred to the lower plate through the upper plate and the support. It serves to block or minimize the temperature of the transfer to the bottom plate.

The upper plate is a roof that is exposed to the outside, and is laminated on the upper end of the support with the edges of the plurality of unit upper plates overlapping each other, and the plane thereof is wider than that of the lower plate, and the outside air is formed at the bottom of the edge of the lower plate. After flowing into the ventilation layer, it penetrates through the center of the upper plate and is discharged to the outside.

The prefabricated roof of the present invention configured as described above, the flow of air or moisture through the lower plate is completely blocked by the moisture barrier, the thermal bridge phenomenon connected to the lower plate through the upper plate and the support by the thermal block is blocked, As the outside air flows from the bottom of the edge of the plate to the center, condensation can be prevented in the ventilation layer. However, even when condensation occurs in the ventilation layer, moisture can easily be evaporated by the continuously circulated external air.

Details of the effects and the resulting effects, including the object and technical configuration of the present invention will be clearly understood by the following description with reference to the drawings showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prefabricated roof having an embodiment of the present invention, a partial separation cross-sectional view in FIG. 2, and a perspective view of the insulating material and the upper plate in FIG. 3.

As shown is a prefabricated roof having a ventilation layer of the present invention,

A lower plate 11 formed of a plurality of unit lower plates 11A having edge portions overlapping each other;

A moisture proof film 12 adhered to an upper surface of a boundary between the unit lower plates 11A having edge portions overlapping each other;

A heat insulating material 13 laminated on an upper surface of the lower plate 11 including the moisture barrier 12;

A plurality of supports 14 protruding through the heat insulating material 13 in a state of being set on the upper surface of the lower plate 11;

A thermal block 15 interposed between an upper surface of the lower plate 11 and a bottom surface of the support 14;

The upper plate is formed of a plurality of unit upper plate (16A) having a superimposed edge portion larger than the plane of the lower plate 11, laminated on the upper end of the support 14, the bottom plate is spaced apart from the upper surface of the heat insulating material (13) (16); And the like.

At this time, it is preferable to form the bent portion (B) along the longitudinal direction of the lower plate 11 in order to increase the rigidity in the lower plate (11).

And the moisture-proof film adhered to the boundary between the unit lower plate (11A) of the lower plate 11 is a synthetic resin film of a flexible material, the gap that can be formed in the boundary portion by covering the edge overlap chip portion, that is, the boundary between the unit lower plate (11A) in close contact It will prevent the movement of air and moisture through.

In addition, the heat insulating material 13 laminated on the upper surface of the lower plate 11 has a laminated structure of two layers, one layer being a soft insulating material 13A, and the second layer is a hard insulating material 13B. The bending portion (B) may be formed for the rigid reinforcement and the support 14 is erected in the state in which the thermal block 15 is interposed so that the upper surface of the lower plate 11 has a complicated shape, the lower plate 11 The lower plate 11 is first covered with a relatively low-density soft insulating material 13A so as to completely form an upper surface and a lower portion of the support 14 and to ensure sufficient thermal insulation.

The heat insulating material 13 and the upper plate 16 are spaced apart from each other, and the space between the heat insulating material 13 and the upper plate 16 serves as a ventilation layer V through which air flows. It is preferable to couple the side plate 17 downward so as not to contact the bottom plate 11 and the heat insulating material 13 to the edge of the top plate 16 having a larger plane area than the bottom plate 11 so as not to enter the layer (V).

In addition, an exhaust fan 18 is provided at one side of the central portion of the upper plate 16 so that the air introduced into the edge of the upper plate 16 flows through the ventilation layer V and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust fan 18. By doing so, it is possible to prevent or minimize the occurrence of condensation in the ventilation layer (V) by ventilation.

That is, since the condensation may sometimes occur in the ventilation layer (V), the moisture is relatively dense on the soft insulating material (13A) so that moisture due to condensation is not absorbed or minimized to the heat insulator side and the moisture can quickly evaporate by ventilation. It is preferable that the surface of the hard insulation material 13B having a relatively high surface height is laminated, and the upper surface of the hard insulation material 13B is preferably as dense and smooth as possible so that water absorption is prevented or minimized and friction with the ventilated air is small. .

For example, as the soft insulation 13A, a density of 20 to 30 Kg / cm 3 and a hard insulation material 13B are preferably used to be 75 to 85 Kg / cm 3, which is more than twice the density. If the density is less than 20 Kg / cm 3, the space in the insulation becomes too large and the insulation is deteriorated. If the density exceeds 30 Kg / cm 3, the deformation force drops and the upper surface of the lower plate including the moisture barrier, the thermal block, and the lower part of the support. This is because the adhesion between the inferiority and the gap between the lower plate and the soft insulation is formed, the condensation may occur through this gap.

If the density of hard insulation material is less than 75 Kg / cm3, if condensation occurs in the ventilation layer, it can not only penetrate deeply into the hard insulation material before water evaporates, but also increase the frictional force between the surface and the air. Partial swelling may occur, and if the density exceeds 85 Kg / cm 3, the workability of the hard insulation is degraded, so that the above density range may be satisfied.

At this time, between the soft insulating material 13A and the hard insulating material 13B, a heavy insulating material (not shown) having a medium density may be interposed.

In addition, in order to completely block the movement of moisture, a synthetic resin waterproof film (not shown) may be closely bonded between the soft insulating material 13A and the hard insulating material 13B or on the upper surface of the hard insulating material 13B. In the case where the waterproof film is closely stacked on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 13B, the waterproof film may be replaced with aluminum foil.

A non-powered exhaust fan may be used as the exhaust fan 18 for introducing the outside air into the ventilation layer V between the heat insulating material 13 and the upper plate 16 and then discharging it. By controlling the flow and the amount of air in the ventilation layer (V) according to the condensation phenomenon in the ventilation layer (V) can be prevented, the air between the edge of the upper plate 16 or the side plate 17 and the lower plate 11 It is also possible to combine a damper (not shown) for adjusting the amount of inflow, and to automatically control the damper and the exhaust fan 18 according to the weather.

And the support 14, which is erected on the lower plate 11 to support the upper plate 16 may be used in a variety of structures or shapes, in order to prevent the support 14 is deformed or flow, in Figure 2 As shown, it is also preferable to couple the sides of the two supporters 14 facing each other to both ends of the connecting rod 19, respectively.

In addition, at both ends in the width direction of the unit lower plate 11A constituting the lower plate 11, in order to increase the rigidity, for example, a "U" shape (or "c") of a downwardly open shape along the longitudinal direction. Each of the bent portions B, such as a female shape, an "inverted V" shape, a semicircle shape) and the like, is provided, but it is preferable that at least one bent portion B is also provided at the center portion between both ends in the width direction.

The unit lower plate 11A and the unit lower plate 11A in contact with the unit lower plate 11 are coupled to each other by the bent portions B of respective ends in the width direction.

On the other hand, the unit upper plate 16A constituting the upper plate 16 is bent upward in the horizontal direction after being bent upward so that the widthwise ends of the horizontal center portion are inclined outward as a whole when the cross section is viewed. .

In this case, one side end is horizontally bent and then bent downwardly, that is, one side end has an upward bent portion 16A1, a horizontal bent portion 16A2, and a downwardly bent portion 16A3 sequentially directed, and the other end is an upwardly bent portion. 16A1 'and the horizontal bending portion 16A2'.

In addition, a protrusion E is provided on an outer surface of the upper bent portion 16A1 at one end of the unit upper plate 16A, and a locking piece P bent inward is provided at the lower portion of the lower bent portion 16A3. The inner surface of the upward bent portion 16A1 ′ has a structure in which a locking groove G is formed.

In the unit upper plate 16 as described above, one side end of the other unit upper plate in which the other end horizontal bent portion of one side unit upper plate is laminated to the upper end of the support 14, and the other end of the one side unit upper plate is in contact with the other end As a structure stacked on the other end of the one side unit upper plate, the coupling form between the two unit upper plate overlapping the edge portion is as follows.

The other end horizontal bent portion 16A2 ′ of the horizontal unit upper plate is stacked on the upper end of the support 14, and the locking portion provided at the lower end of the lower bent portion 16A3 at the one end of the other unit upper plate which is in contact with the horizontal unit 16A2 ′. The piece P is inserted into the engaging groove G provided in the other end up bent portion 16A1 'of the unit upper plate on one side.

In this case, the other unit upper plate is not horizontal but inclined.

As described above, in the state where the locking piece P is fitted into the locking groove G, the horizontal bending part 16A2 'provided at the other end of the upper unit plate on one side by rotating the other upper unit plate downward about the locking piece P. By having the outer end of the () is caught by the projection (E) provided in one side end upward bent portion 16A1 of the other unit upper plate, the two adjacent unit upper plate is coupled in a horizontal state.

Prefabricated roof of the present invention configured as described above is coupled to a plurality of support 20 is installed horizontally in the building, the support 14 for spaced apart the top plate 16 is fasteners such as bolts or rivets Bar 21 is fixedly coupled to the support 20 by the lower plate 11 and the support 14 as described above in order to block the transmission of the outside air through the upper plate 15 and the support 14. The thermal block 15 is interposed therebetween, and the thermal block 15 is interposed between the fastener 21 and the support 14.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the prefabricated roof of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the combination of the lower plate and the support constituting the present invention prefabricated roof.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the combination of the lower plate and the support constituting the prefabricated roof of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the unit top plate constituting the present invention prefabricated roof.

Figure 5 shows the support and the top plate constituting the prefabricated roof of the present invention,

  (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the state before the two unit top plate is joined,

  (B) is a sectional view showing the state in which two unit top plates are combined.

             ((Explanation of symbols for main part of drawing))

           11. Bottom plate 11A. Unit bottom plate

           12. Moisture barrier 13. Insulation

           13A. Soft insulation 13B. Hard insulation

           14. Supporting 15. Thermal Block

           16. Top panel 16A. Unit top plate

           16A1,16A1 '. Upward bend 16A2, 16A2 '. Horizontal bend

           16A3. Downward bend 17.Side plate

           18. Exhaust fan 19. Connecting rod

           B. Bends E. Protrusions

           P. Hook V. Ventilation Layer

Claims (8)

A lower plate (11) formed of a plurality of unit lower plates (11A) having overlapping edge portions and stacked on a plurality of support (20) horizontally installed in a building; A moisture proof film 12 adhered to a boundary portion between the unit lower plates 11A; A heat insulating material 13 stacked on an upper surface of the lower plate 11 including the moisture barrier 12; A plurality of supports 14 protruding through the heat insulating material 13 in a state of being set on the upper surface of the lower plate 11; A thermal block 15 interposed between an upper surface of the lower plate 11 and a bottom surface of the support 14; An upper plate 16 stacked on an upper end of the support 14 and spaced apart from an upper surface of the heat insulating material 13; It is configured to include, The upper plate (16) has a larger planar area than the lower plate (11), the prefabricated roof having a ventilation layer, characterized in that the side plate 17 is coupled downward to the edge of the upper plate (16). 2. The heat insulating material (13) according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material (13) is formed by stacking a lower soft insulating material (13A) having a density of 20 to 30 Kg / cm3 and an upper hard insulating material (13B) having a density of 75 to 85 Kg / cm3. A prefabricated roof having a ventilation layer, characterized in that. 3. The prefabricated roof having a ventilation layer according to claim 2, wherein a waterproof film is closely stacked on the upper surface of the hard insulating material (13B). delete According to claim 1, The ventilation layer (V) is formed between the heat insulating material 13 and the upper plate 16, the upper plate 16 for discharging the air introduced into the ventilation layer (V) to the outside Prefabricated roof with ventilation layer characterized in that the exhaust fan 18 is provided. 2. The prefabricated roof according to claim 1, wherein two of the supports (14) facing each other are coupled to both ends of the connecting table (19), respectively. The unit upper plate (16A) constituting the upper plate 16, the upper bent portion (16A1), the horizontal bent portion (16A2) and the downwardly bent portion (16A1) at one end of the horizontal center portion in the width direction 16A3) are sequentially formed, and the upside bent portion 16A1 'and the horizontal bent portion 16A2' are formed at the other end. The upwardly bent portion 16A1 of the one end is provided with a protrusion E that is caught by the outer end of the horizontal bent portion 16A2 'of the other end, and a locking piece P is provided at the lower end of the downwardly bent portion 16A3 of the one end. It is provided, the prefabricated roof having a ventilation layer, characterized in that the engaging groove (G) is formed in the upper bent portion (16A1 ') of the other end is inserted into the engaging piece (P). The ventilation layer according to claim 1, wherein a ring-shaped thermal block (15) is interposed between the support member (14) and the fastener (21) such as bolts or rivets for fixing the support member (14). Prefabricated roof with.

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