KR100874459B1 - 높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 - Google Patents
높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100874459B1 KR100874459B1 KR1020070131584A KR20070131584A KR100874459B1 KR 100874459 B1 KR100874459 B1 KR 100874459B1 KR 1020070131584 A KR1020070131584 A KR 1020070131584A KR 20070131584 A KR20070131584 A KR 20070131584A KR 100874459 B1 KR100874459 B1 KR 100874459B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- carbon material
- carbon
- fiber
- pore
- present
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011312 pitch solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VNDRQSXLZOFMNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one oxolane Chemical compound CN1C(CCC1)=O.C(Cl)(Cl)Cl.O1CCCC1 VNDRQSXLZOFMNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BSCHIACBONPEOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1CCOC1 BSCHIACBONPEOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 표면 및 내부에 기공 및 기공이 연결된 채널을 갖는 다공성 탄소 재료로서,상기 탄소 재료의 CuKα선을 이용한 X-선 회절 패턴에서, 2θ가 26도에서의 (002)면의 X-선 회절 강도 값이 3.3Å 내지 3.6Å이고,상기 탄소 재료는 섬유 형태이며,상기 탄소 재료의 비표면적은 100 내지 2500m2/g이고,상기 기공은 탄소 전구체, 평균 입자 크기가 5nm 내지 1㎛인 기공 형성 물질 및 용매의 혼합물을 방사하여 제조된 섬유로부터 상기 기공 형성 물질을 제거하여 형성된 것인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 탄소 재료의 라만 강도 비율인 D/G(I(1360)/I(1580))는 0.1 내지 2.0인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 탄소 재료의 평균 직경 크기는 100nm 내지 30㎛인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 탄소 재료는 기공 형성 물질이 잔존하는 것인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 기공 형성 물질은 Si 및 Al로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소의 산화물, NaCl 및 마이크로에멀젼 폴리머 비드로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 탄소 재료는탄소 전구체, 기공 형성 물질 및 용매를 혼합하고;상기 혼합물을 방사하여 섬유를 제조하고;상기 섬유를 산 또는 염기로 처리하여 섬유로부터 기공 형성 물질을 제거하여 다공성 섬유를 제조하고;상기 다공성 섬유를 열처리하는;공정으로 제조되는 것인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
- 삭제
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 기공 형성 물질은 Si 및 Al으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소의 산화물, NaCl 및 마이크로에멀젼 폴리머 비드로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 산은 HF인 것인 이중층 캐패시터용 탄소 재료.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020070131584A KR100874459B1 (ko) | 2007-12-14 | 2007-12-14 | 높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020070131584A KR100874459B1 (ko) | 2007-12-14 | 2007-12-14 | 높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020050080605A Division KR100805104B1 (ko) | 2005-08-31 | 2005-08-31 | 높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 및 이의 제조방법 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20070121630A KR20070121630A (ko) | 2007-12-27 |
KR100874459B1 true KR100874459B1 (ko) | 2008-12-17 |
Family
ID=39138915
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020070131584A KR100874459B1 (ko) | 2007-12-14 | 2007-12-14 | 높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR100874459B1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3162761B1 (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2020-12-23 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Porous carbon material |
JP6442927B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-27 | 2018-12-26 | 東レ株式会社 | 多孔質炭素材料 |
-
2007
- 2007-12-14 KR KR1020070131584A patent/KR100874459B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20070121630A (ko) | 2007-12-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR100805104B1 (ko) | 높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 및 이의 제조방법 | |
Inagaki et al. | Carbon nanofibers prepared via electrospinning | |
US7232790B2 (en) | Activated carbon, method for production thereof and use thereof | |
KR100702156B1 (ko) | 초극세 다공성 흑연성 탄소섬유 및 그 제조방법 | |
US7517832B2 (en) | Fibrous active carbon and nonwoven fabric including the same | |
KR100605006B1 (ko) | 전기방사법으로 제조한 나노섬유의 탄소화에 의한 나노세공 분포를 갖는 활성탄소섬유의 제조방법 | |
CN109417171B (zh) | 分级多孔纳米碳/硫复合阴极的可调节且可量产的合成 | |
TW201834965A (zh) | 混合型同素異形體微粒碳膜及碳纖維墊 | |
KR101811764B1 (ko) | 산소환원 전극용 비백금 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR101610354B1 (ko) | 전착법을 이용한 금속산화물이 담지된 탄소나노섬유 전극 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 에너지 저장장치 및 필터 | |
KR100485603B1 (ko) | 나노섬유를 이용한 활성탄소섬유의 제조방법 | |
KR101485867B1 (ko) | 내재적 기공성 고분자를 포함하는 다공성 탄소 구조체 및 이의 제조방법 | |
CN110184685B (zh) | 一种煤基活性碳纤维、其制备方法和应用 | |
KR101950783B1 (ko) | 이산화망간이 증착된 리그닌 유래 탄소나노섬유 매트의 슈퍼 커패시터용 전극과 그 제조방법 | |
KR20180028765A (ko) | 3층 구조를 갖는 탄소나노섬유 복합체 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR20110033733A (ko) | 망간산화물/탄소나노섬유복합재 제조방법 및 그 탄소나노섬유복합재를 포함하는 고용량 하이브리드 슈퍼의사캐패시터용 전극 | |
CN113603078A (zh) | 一种多孔碳、其制备方法及其应用 | |
KR20090055299A (ko) | 다공성 탄소 재료 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR101439896B1 (ko) | 기공이 제어된 다공성 탄소나노시트의 제조방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 다공성 탄소나노시트 | |
KR101598902B1 (ko) | 전기방사를 이용한 질소가 도핑된 탄소 나노구조체의 제조방법 및 이를 통해 제조된 질소가 도핑된 탄소 나노구조체 | |
KR100874459B1 (ko) | 높은 비표면적과 전도성을 갖는 탄소 재료 | |
KR102264667B1 (ko) | 금속산화물/탄소나노섬유 복합체 제조방법, 상기 방법으로 제조된 금속산화물/탄소나노섬유 복합체 및 상기 복합체를 포함하는 탄소섬유응용제품 | |
Wang et al. | Porous carbon nanofibers: Preparation and potential applications | |
JP4179581B2 (ja) | 活性炭及びその製造方法並びにその用途 | |
KR102198468B1 (ko) | 다공성 탄소 나노섬유 구조체의 제조방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 다공성 탄소 나노섬유 구조체 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A107 | Divisional application of patent | ||
A201 | Request for examination | ||
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
AMND | Amendment | ||
E601 | Decision to refuse application | ||
J201 | Request for trial against refusal decision | ||
AMND | Amendment | ||
B701 | Decision to grant | ||
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20121123 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20131125 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20141118 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20151123 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20161115 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20171121 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20181119 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20191203 Year of fee payment: 12 |