KR100828997B1 - T-type ocarina - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a T-shaped ocarina, and more specifically, a fingering to produce a range of sounds from the bass 'la' to the treble 'sol' while allowing anyone to play easily, so as not to be restricted in the selection of the performance song. In order to reduce the diameter of the hole and to minimize the number of finger holes, an upper finger hole having first to fourth, seventh and eighth finger holes and first and second auxiliary finger holes in the upper part, and A five-hole hole and a sixth fingering hole, one sound hole is formed, and a rectangular streamlined hollow body having a resonance portion therein; A mouthpiece protruding integrally in the longitudinal side of the body and having an airway communicating therewith with the sound hole therein and having an injection hole formed at an end of the airway opposite the sound hole; Each diameter size of the upper finger hole is an upward inclination angle (D) of the airway 13 that is upwardly inclined from the injection hole 12 to the sound hole 14 and from the sound hole 14 to the upper finger hole. The T-shaped ocarina is determined by the conditions of the respective distances D1 to D8.

Description

T-type OCARINA {T-TYPE OCARINA}

1 is a plan view showing a fingering hole of a conventional Italian ocarina.

Figure 2 is a plan view showing a finger hole of the ocarina capable of a conventional bass 'la' sound.

3 is a plan view showing the fingering hole of the ocarina without the conventional bass 'la' sound.

Figure 4 is a plan view showing a finger hole of the ocarina capable of a conventional high pitched 'sol' sound.

5 is a bottom observation perspective view of the T-shaped ocarina in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a sound generation principle of a T-shaped ocarina using a cut line A-A of FIG. 5;

Figure 7 is a plan sectional view of the T-shaped ocarina in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the inclination angle of the mouthpiece to the cutting line A-A of FIG.

Figure 9 is a plan view showing the fingering hole position of the T-shaped ocarina in accordance with the present invention.

10 is a graph showing the fingering hole diameter and the distance between the sound hole and the fingering hole of the T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention.

11 is an explanatory diagram showing each scale fingering method of T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention;

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: body 11: mouthpiece

12: injection hole 13: airway

14: sound hole 15: branch

16: resonance unit

21: first finger hole 21a: first auxiliary finger hole

22: second finger hole 22a: second auxiliary finger hole

23: third fingering hole 24: fourth fingering hole

25: the fifth fingering hole 26: the sixth fingering hole

27: 7th fingerhole 28: 8th fingerhole

According to the present invention, an upper finger hole having first to fourth, seventh and eighth finger holes and first and second auxiliary finger holes is formed at an upper portion thereof, and fifth and sixth finger holes are formed at a lower portion thereof. A mouthpiece having a hole formed with a resonance portion and an airway communicating with a sound hole is formed on one side of the resonance portion to infuse wind into the mouthpiece, and play music by selectively opening and closing the fingering hole using a finger. It is about T-shaped ocarina which is a kind of closed musical instrument.

According to the encyclopedia, ocarina is recorded as manufactured by G. Donati in 19th century Italy, and FIG. 1 shows such a typical Italian ocarina 101.

As shown in Fig. 1, the Italian ocarina has 10 fingering holes and two auxiliary fingering holes, which have one sound for each fingering hole and the size (diameter) of the fingering hole is not large. Because of its advantages, beginners and children are often used for learning or teaching.

However, like the Italian Ocarina, a structure with one note for one fingering hole not only has to use both hands (Little Fingers), but also has a limitation in that it cannot produce a large range of sounds. In order to select a song in order to select a song with a large range, there is a disadvantage in that the selection is limited.

In a more improved form, the ocarina shown in FIG. 2 has the advantage that it can be played without using a hand by using one of four holes to generate one octave of sound. If you drill through the fingering hole where the bass 'la' sound is possible, the size (diameter) of the right- ring finger fingering hole (⑦) is 10mm, the left-stop fingering hole (③) is 11mm, and the left-finger fingering hole (④ ) And the left-thumb fingering hole (⑤) are 13mm each, so the size of the fingering hole is very large, so in general people, especially those with small fingers, such as women or children, will block the large fingering hole. Since it cannot be, there is a problem that the restrictions are on the player.

Therefore, the ocarina 103 shown in FIG. 3, in which a bass 'la' sound is not generated, is used, which reduces the number of fingering holes and produces a wider range of sounds than the Italian ocarina 101 (FIG. 1). I made it possible.

However, since the ocarina 103 of FIG. 3 does not generate a bass 'la' sound, it is impossible to play music including the bass 'la', and thus it is not recognized as a satisfactory level for professional musicians of the ocarina.

On the other hand, another type of ocarina 104 shown in FIG. 4 is conventionally Italian ocarina, in that a fingering hole for making a high-pitched 'wave #' sound, that is, a left-handed fingering hole (⑨) is separately configured. Compared to this, the number of fingering holes could not be greatly reduced, and in order to generate a high-pitched 'wave #' sound, the little finger must be used to open and close the left-hand fingering hole (⑨), which takes a lot of time to teach and play. There is a problem that comes with inconvenience.

Further, as a conventional technique, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2005-275207 (published on 2005.10.06) has ten finger holes on the surface of the resonance portion, and two finger holes are formed on the back surface, and the finger finger predetermined by both fingers is used. Closing the left hand fingering hole with a closed cap so that the ocarina, which was opening and closing the hall properly, can be played without the use of the left hand fingering hole that is difficult for beginners, especially children and the elderly. It is proposed. In addition, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3125357 (Registration Date: Aug. 23, 2006) is an improved ocarina of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-275207, which includes a resonance section 11, a mouthpiece 12, an airway 13, and a sound hole. (14), having seven fingerholes on the surface of the resonance portion, two fingerholes on the back, and closing the first to ninth fingerholes 20 to 28, the scale of the degree, Opening the first fingering hole, the scale of 'Le', opening the first and second fingering holes, the scale of the 'wave', opening the first to third fingering holes, the scale of the 'sol', the first to fourth Opening the fingering hole of the scale of 'la', opening the fingering holes of the first to fifth, the scale of the treble 'degree', opening the fingering hole of the first to sixth, the scale of the treble 'Le', the first to seventh It is proposed to open the fingering hole of the high pitched 'me' scale, and open the fingering holes of the first to eighth to play the scale of the high pitched 'sol' and at the same time to allow the little finger of the left hand to support the resonance. There. These conventional ocarina still have to use not only the little finger of the right hand, but also there is a problem that can not play the scale of the bass 'la', bass 'po', 'mi', 'po', treble 'wave'.

Accordingly, the first object of the present invention for solving the above problems, one sound hole, eight fingering holes and two auxiliary fingering hole only without using the little finger of both hands bass' ra 'in treble' Not only can you play Sol, but also provides a T-shaped ocarina that allows beginners to learn quickly while learning how to finger the ocarina while making it easier to play.

The second object of the present invention is a T-shaped ocarina having only one sound hole, eight finger holes and two auxiliary finger holes, while reducing the diameter of each finger hole, the sound of bass, la, or treble There is no limit to the selection of the performance song by creating a, and to provide a T-shaped ocarina that anyone can easily play even a small finger.

T-shaped ocarina of the present invention for achieving the above object, the upper finger hole having the first to fourth, seventh and eighth finger holes and the first and second auxiliary finger holes in the upper, and the fifth finger in the lower A long streamlined hollow body having a hole and a sixth fingering hole formed therein, and having a sound hole therein; A mouthpiece protruding integrally in the longitudinal side of the body and having an airway communicating therewith with the sound hole therein and having an injection hole formed at an end of the airway opposite the sound hole; Each diameter size of the upper finger hole is an upward inclination angle (D) of the airway 13 that is upwardly inclined from the injection hole 12 to the sound hole 14 and from the sound hole 14 to the upper finger hole. It is characterized by the condition of each distance (D1 to D8) of.

As a more specific feature, the upward inclination angle D of the airway 13 is in the range of 13 ° to 15 ° from the horizontal plane, and the upper finger hole is the third finger hole 23 and the fourth finger for holding the left hand. A fingering hole 24 and an eighth fingering hole 28 are formed, and the first fingering hole 21, the first auxiliary fingering hole 21a, the second fingering hole 22, and the second auxiliary fingering are used for holding the right hand. The hole 22a and the seventh fingering hole 27 are formed.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

5 is a bottom observation perspective view of the T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a sound generation principle of the T-shaped ocarina using a cut line A-A of FIG. 5.

5 and 6, the T-shaped ocarina of the present invention includes first to fourth, seventh and eighth finger holes 21 to 24, 27 and 28 and first and second auxiliary finger holes at the top. The upper finger hole having 21a and 22a, the fifth and sixth finger holes 25 and 26 are formed in the lower part, and one sound hole 14 is formed, and the resonance part 16 is formed therein. A rectangular streamlined hollow body 10 and an airway 13 protruding integrally with the longitudinal side of the body 10 and communicating with the sound hole 14 are formed therein and are opposed to the sound hole 14. Is composed of a mouthpiece 11 formed with an injection hole 12 at the end of the airway (13).

Here, the fifth finger hole 25 formed below the body 10 is used for opening and closing with the thumb of the left hand, and the sixth finger hole 26 is for opening and closing with the thumb of the right hand, which will be described in detail below. For convenience, the left hand is written as 'left' and the right hand is written as 'right', while the little finger is sequentially ordered from the thumb to the thumb, index finger, middle finger, middle finger, and ring finger. I will express it as 'possession (小指)'.

The upper finger hole may be a first finger hole 21 and a first auxiliary finger hole 21a for right-stop opening and closing, a second finger hole 22 for opening and closing a right-finger, and a second auxiliary finger for right-handed gripping. A fingering hole 22a and a seventh fingering hole 27 for opening and closing the right-finger finger are formed, and the third fingering hole 23 for left-stop opening and closing and the left-finger opening and closing for gripping of the left hand are formed. The fourth fingering hole 24 and the eighth fingering hole 28 for opening and closing the left- ring finger are formed, and the left hand and the right hand can be played without using.

On the other hand, the mouthpiece 11 integrally formed on the side in the longitudinal direction in the rectangular hollow body 10 is formed in the airway 13 on the tunnel bar, one end of the airway 13 to blow air The injection hole 12 to be formed is formed, the other end is in communication with the sound hole 14, the branch 15 is formed on the opposite side of the sound hole 14 located in line with the airway 13.

Referring to the T-shaped ocarina action of the present invention having such a structure is as follows.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the player blows air through the inlet 12, the air reaches the air hole 14 through the airway 13, where the air is partially started from the branch 15. The branch is discharged to the outside of the sound hole 14, the remaining portion is branched into the resonator (16).

Among these, the air introduced into the resonance unit 16 circulates inside the resonance unit 16, and the sound is generated by the resonance phenomenon, and the sound is discharged to the outside through the sound hole 14, where the finger By selectively opening and closing the respective finger holes 21, 21a, 22, 22a, 23, 24, 27, and 28 according to the position, different sounds are generated due to the resonance difference. You can play.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an upward inclination angle of the mouthpiece to the AA line cut section of Figure 5, below in the T-shaped ocarina of the above action, Describe the requirements for achieving a characteristic configuration.

According to the research of the present inventors, the longitudinal distance L1 from the sound hole 14 to the other end with respect to the resonance unit 16 as shown in FIG. 7 plays a very important role in determining the sound range, and the airway (13) The upward tilt angle of) also acts as an important factor.

That is, in the case of the conventional ocarina capable of generating the bass 'la' sound as shown in FIG. 2, the distance L1 is 115 mm and the distance L2 is 40 mm, but the ocarina 102 in this case is particularly left. -The middle finger of the middle finger (③) and the left-finger fingering hole (④) have a size that is difficult to block with an adult finger. It cannot be used as

Therefore, the present inventors are able to generate the bass 'la' sound by adjusting the length of the longitudinal distance L2 of the resonance unit 16 and the angle of the airway 13, while the respective finger holes 21 and 22 ( 23) (24) (27) and (28), the condition that does not increase the diameter was considered, as the first condition when the distance between the resonator 16 (L1) is 114mm to 116mm, the longitudinal distance (L2) Must satisfy the range 45 mm to 47 mm.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8 as the second condition, the airway 13 is inclined upward because the position of the sound hole 14, which is the outlet side of the airway 13, is relatively higher than that of the inlet 12. FIG. It can be seen that, the upwardly inclined angle (D) is preferably in the range of 13 ° to 15 ° angle.

9 is a plan view showing the position of the fingering hole of the T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention, Figure 10 is a graph showing the diameter of the fingering hole and the distance between the sound hole and the fingering hole of the T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention, as described above As described above, in the state where the longitudinal distance L2 of the resonance unit 16 and the upward inclination angle of the airway 13 are determined, the position and size (diameter) of the upper finger hole may be determined.

Here, the positions of the upper and lower angled finger holes 21, 21a, 22, 22a, 23, 24, 27, and 28 correspond to the body 10 of the T-shaped ocarina in the structure of the human finger. In addition to being able to freely move or play using each finger in the holding state, the diameter should be a size that can be opened and closed with a small finger, such as a general user or a child, the upper angle in Figures 9 to 10 The distances of the finger holes 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, and 28 from the sound hole 14 are each distance D1, D2, D3, D4, D7, D8. The optimized sizes (diameters) of the respective finger holes 21, 22, 23, 24, 27 and 28 are indicated accordingly.

As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the correlation is that when the first fingering hole 21 is located at a distance D1 of 57 to 59 mm from the sound hole to the right upward, the diameter becomes 4.9 to 5.1 mm, and the second finger The hole 22 has a diameter of 6.9 to 7.1 mm when positioned at a distance of 34 to 36 mm D2 to the right upward from the sound hole, and the third fingering hole 23 has a distance of 24 to 26 mm D3 upward from the sound hole. ) When the diameter is 7.4 to 7.6mm, and the fourth finger hole 24 is 9 to 9.2mm in diameter when the fourth finger hole 24 is located at a distance D4 from the sound hole to the left upward. The fingering hole 27 has a diameter of 7.4 to 7.6 mm when located at a distance D7 of 64 to 66 mm upwards to the right of the sound hole, while the eighth finger hole 28 is 34 to 36 mm to the left upward from the sound hole. When located at distance D8, the diameter can be determined within the range of 8.4 to 8.6 mm. If these conditions are met, a bass 'la' sound is generated while It can be seen that each fixed fingering hole diameter of appropriate size so there anyone can easily play.

Under the condition of the diameter of each upper finger hole, the diameter of the fifth finger hole 25 is approximately 6 to 8.8 mm, the diameter of the sixth finger hole 26 is 7.5 to 9 mm, and the first auxiliary finger hole 21 a. Is 2 to 3.5 mm, and the second auxiliary finger hole 22a is approximately 2.5 to 4.5 mm.

According to the technical idea of the present invention, as in the case of the conventional ocarina of FIG. 4, the fingering hole ⑨ that is opened and closed by the left-handed to generate a high-pitched 'wave #' scale may be deleted, that is, the resonance portion (16) The left-handed fingering hole (⑨) installed on the upper side is removed, and only the operation of the seventh fingering hole 27 for the treble 'wave' scale and the eighth fingering hole 28 for the treble 'sol' scale It is another advantage of the present invention that the desired range can be generated.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing respective transverse fingerings of the T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention. As shown in the same drawing, the first to eighth finger holes 21 to 28 and the first and second auxiliary finger holes ( If both 21a and 22a are closed, the scale of the bass 'la' can be played, and both the first to eighth finger holes 21 to 28 and the first auxiliary finger hole 21a are closed and the second auxiliary finger hole is closed. When the opening 22a is opened, it is possible to play the scale of the bass 'shi', and when the first to eighth finger holes 21 to 28 are closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a are opened. It is possible to play the scale of the degree, and closes all the second to eighth finger holes 22 to 28 and opens the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first finger hole 21. If you can play the 'Re' scale, and closes the first finger hole 21 and the third to eight finger holes 23 to 28, and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a When the second fingering hole 22 is opened, Can play the scale, and closes all the third to eighth finger holes 23 to 28, and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first and second finger holes 21 and 22. ), You can play the 'wave' scale, close all of the second finger hole 22 and the fourth to eighth finger holes 24 to 28, and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and Opening 22a) and the first and third finger holes 21 and 23 allows playing the scale of the 'sol', closing all the fourth to eighth finger holes 24 to 28, and closing the first and second finger holes. When the auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to third finger holes 21 to 23 are opened, the scale of 'la' can be played and the first finger holes 21 and the fifth to eighth finger holes are opened. By closing all the 25 to 28 and opening the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the second to fourth finger holes 22 to 24, the scale of the poem can be played. Close all of the fifth to eighth finger holes 25 to 28 and first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a. And 22a) and opening the first to fourth finger holes 21 to 24 can play the musical scale of the high pitch 'degree', closing all the sixth to eighth finger holes 26 to 28 and When the second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to fifth finger holes 21 to 25 are opened, the scale of the treble 'Le' can be played, and the seventh and eighth finger holes 27 and 28 can be played. And the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to sixth finger holes 21 to 26 are opened, the high-pitched 'mi' scale can be played and the seventh finger hole ( 27) and opening the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a, and the first to sixth finger holes 21 to 26 and the eighth finger hole 28, the scale of the treble 'wave' If the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to eighth finger holes 21 to 28 are opened, the scale of the high pitch 'sol' can be played. At the same time, the little finger of the right hand and the left hand can support the resonance.

As a result of enlarging the range by the technical idea of the present invention as described above, since a high pitched 'sol' sound is generated as well as a fingering for producing a bass 'la' sound, a wider range of selection is made when selecting music for performance.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 11, the T-shaped ocarina according to the present invention has a fingering order in the high-pitched range starting from the opening of the first auxiliary finger hole 21a and the second finger holes 22 to 8 finger holes 28. Beginners can easily learn fingering because it follows the order of opening counterclockwise as shown.

According to the T-shaped ocarina of the present invention described above, only one sound hole, eight finger holes, and two auxiliary finger holes formed in the T-shaped ocarina, and the treble at the low end 'ra' without using the little fingers of both hands. It is possible to play up to the sole, and because the fingering hole is not large in size, it has the effect that even a beginner and a small woman or child can easily learn and play.

In addition, since a wide range of voices can be generated from the bass 'la' to the treble 'sol', the selection of playable music is expanded, and the professional performer can be satisfied.

The embodiments described above are only shown and described one embodiment selected to easily understand the technical spirit of the present invention, and the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited to the above description, under the same technical spirit as the present invention It should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made, as well as equivalent structure substitutions, and the following claims include such modifications, modifications and substitutions.

Claims (5)

An upper finger hole having first to fourth, seventh and eighth finger holes 21 to 24, 27 and 28 and first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a in the upper portion, and a fifth finger in the lower portion. A long streamlined hollow body 10 having a hole 25 and a sixth fingering hole 26, one sound hole 14 formed therein, and having a resonance portion 16 therein; An airway 13 is formed integrally with the longitudinal side surface of the body 10 and communicates with the sound hole 14 therein, and an injection hole 12 is formed at an end of the airway 13 opposite the sound hole 14. Is formed of a mouthpiece 11; Each diameter size of the upper finger hole is an upward inclination angle D of the airway 13 sloped upward from the injection hole 12 to the sound hole 14 and each of the plurality of upper finger holes from the sound hole 14. The T-shaped ocarina is determined by the conditions of the distances D1 to D8. The method of claim 1, T-shaped ocarina, characterized in that the longitudinal distance (L2) is 45mm to 47mm under the condition that the transverse distance (L1) in the longitudinal direction of the body in the resonator 16 is 114mm to 116mm. The method of claim 2, The upward inclination angle D of the airway 13 is in the range of 13 ° to 15 ° from the horizontal plane, When the distance D1 from the sound hole 14 to the first finger hole 21 is 57 to 59 mm, the diameter of the first finger hole 21 is 4.9 to 5.1 mm, When the distance D2 from the sound hole 14 to the second finger hole 22 is 34 to 36 mm, the diameter of the second finger hole 22 is 6.9 to 7.1 mm, When the distance D3 from the sound hole 14 to the third finger hole 23 is 24 to 26 mm, the diameter of the third finger hole 23 is 7.4 to 7.6 mm, When the distance D4 from the sound hole 14 to the fourth finger hole 24 is 29 to 31 mm, the diameter of the fourth finger hole 24 is 9 to 9.2 mm, When the distance D7 from the sound hole 14 to the seventh finger hole 27 is 64 to 66 mm, the diameter of the seventh finger hole 27 is 7.4 to 7.6 mm, When the distance D8 from the sound hole 14 to the eighth finger hole 28 is 34 to 36 mm, the diameter of the eighth finger hole 28 is 8.4 to 8.6 mm. . The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The plurality of upper finger holes may include a first finger hole 21 and a first auxiliary finger hole 21a for stopping, a second finger hole 22 for detecting, and a second auxiliary finger hole 22a for holding the right hand. ), A seventh fingering hole 27 for ring fingering is formed, the third fingering hole 23 for stopping, a fourth fingering hole 24 for fingering, and an eighth fingering hole for fingerings T-shaped ocarina, characterized in that (28) is formed. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, When the first to eighth finger holes 21 to 28 and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a are closed, the scale of the bass 'la', When the first to eighth finger holes 21 to 28 and the first auxiliary finger hole 21a are closed, and the second auxiliary finger hole 22a is opened, When the first to eighth finger holes 21 to 28 are closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a are opened, the scale of 'degree', When the second to eighth finger holes 22 to 28 are all closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first finger hole 21 are opened, a scale of 'Le', If the first finger hole 21 and the third to eighth finger holes 23 to 28 are closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21 a and 22 a and the second finger hole 22 are opened, The scale of 'beauty', When all of the third to eighth finger holes 23 to 28 are closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first and second finger holes 21 and 22 are opened, a wave is formed. Scale, The second finger hole 22 and the fourth to eighth finger holes 24 to 28 are all closed, and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first and third finger holes 21 and 23) open the scale of the 'sol', When the fourth to eighth finger holes 24 to 28 are closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to third finger holes 21 to 23 are opened, Scale, The first finger hole 21 and the fifth to eighth finger holes 25 to 28 are all closed, and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the second to fourth finger holes 22 are closed. 24) open the scale of the 'hour', If the fifth to eighth finger holes 25 to 28 are all closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to fourth finger holes 21 to 24 are opened, Scale, If the sixth to eighth finger holes 26 to 28 are closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to fifth finger holes 21 to 25 are opened, Scale, If the seventh and eighth finger holes 27 and 28 are closed and the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a and the first to sixth finger holes 21 to 26 are opened, Scale, When the seventh finger hole 27 is closed and all of the first and second auxiliary finger holes 21a and 22a, the first to sixth finger holes 21 to 26 and the eighth finger hole 28 are opened. The scale of the treble 'wave', T-shaped ocarina characterized in that the first and second auxiliary finger holes (21a and 22a) and the first to eighth finger holes (21 to 28) are all open to play a high-pitched 'sol' scale.

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