KR100813767B1 - Safety device for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an elevator safety device that can shorten the time required for the car to stop after the speed abnormality of the car is detected. To this end, a brake is provided between one side of the guide rail for guiding the car and a guide face arranged to move away from the one side of the guide rail in a downward direction. An adsorption part for adsorbing on the guide rail when a speed abnormality is detected is provided. When the speed abnormality of a car is detected, a braking force is generated by adsorbing an adsorption | suction part to a guide rail, restraining the fall of a brake, and putting a wedge by clamping this brake to a guide rail.

Description

Elevator Safety Device {SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATOR}

The present invention relates to an elevator safety device for forcibly stopping a car when the lifting speed of the car of the elevator exceeds a predetermined value.

As a safety device, an elevator apparatus is equipped with the emergency stop device which forcibly stops a cage | basket when a cage | bowl speed | rate of a cage | basket | car lifts exceeds a predetermined value. Figure 4 shows a schematic mechanism of an elevator apparatus with a conventional emergency stop device. In FIG. 4, the cage 13 and the counterweight 14 of an elevator are suspended by the main rope 16 wound around the drive sheave 15 of a hoisting machine, and the drive sheave ( In conjunction with the rotation of 15), the inside of the hoistway is elevated in the opposite direction. In addition, the lifting direction of the cage | basket | car 13 and the counterweight 14 is guided by each guide rail 1 (not shown in figure) provided in the hoistway. In addition, in the main sheave 17 of the governor provided in the upper part of the hoistway and the tension sheave 18 provided in the hoistway pit part, an endless governor rope of which part is connected to the car 13 ( 19 is wound, and the main sheave 17 of the governor rotates in conjunction with the movement of the governor rope 19 by moving the governor rope 19 in conjunction with the lifting and lowering of the car 13. That is, the governor detects the lifting speed of the car 13 on the basis of the rotation speed of the main sheave 17.

Here, when the rotation speed of the drive sheave 15 of a hoisting machine, the fall of traction, etc. generate | occur | produce, and the descending speed of the cage | basket | car 13 exceeded the predetermined value, the speed of the cage | basket | car 13 by a governor An abnormality is detected and forced stop of the cage | basket | car 13 is performed. Specifically, first, the speed abnormality of the car 13 is detected by the rotation speed of the main sheave 17 of the governor exceeding a predetermined value. The gripping means (not shown) provided in the governor holds the governor rope 19 in motion when the speed abnormality of the car 13 is detected, and forcibly restrains the governor rope 19. The emergency stop device 2 installed in the car 13 is operated through the safety link 20 connected to the governor rope 19 by forcing the governor rope 19 to restrain the car. Restrain. Generally, the emergency stop device 2 is arrange | positioned so that it may correspond to each guide rail 1, and a braking force generate | occur | produces a braking force in the form of putting a wedge by penetrating into the guide rail 1.

In a conventional safety device having such a configuration, a pair of emergency stops provided in correspondence with a guide rail for guiding the lifting body by a lifting lever of a safety link fixed to an elevator car or a counterweight and a rope for the governor. It is disclosed to directly push the lower surface of the wedge of the device to operate the emergency stop device (see Patent Document 1, for example).

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-80840

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

Conventional safety devices, including the safety device described in Patent Literature 1, including a governor rope, a safety link, and the like, have an emergency stop device operating after an abnormal speed of the car is detected and the car actually stops. The time lag up to is large. In other words, the safety link is operated after the operation delay of the gripping means of the governor, which occurs from detecting various operating delays, for example, an abnormality in the speed of the car and then stopping the governor rope, or the restraining of the governor rope. There are delays caused by elastic deformation of the rope for the governor, and delays caused by the play of the connecting portion that occurs from the safety link operating until the emergency stop is operated. Acceleration continued for a certain period of time even after exceeding the prescribed value, causing a problem that the stopping distance of the car became large.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide an elevator safety device capable of shortening the time required for the car to stop after the speed abnormality of the car is detected.

Means for solving the problem

The safety device of an elevator according to the present invention includes a car for elevating the inside of an elevator hoist, a guide rail installed in the hoistway for guiding the car, and a car speed detecting means for detecting an abnormal speed of the car. In the safety device of the elevator which stops a cage | basket when a cage | basket | car speed detection means is detected by a cage | basket | car speed detection means, it is provided in a cage | basket | car and moves away from one side of a guide rail as it goes down. A brake provided between the guide surface disposed so as to be built, the guide surface and one side surface of the guide rail, and the suction provided on the brake and adsorbed to the guide rail when an abnormal speed of the car is detected by the car speed detecting means. And a brake, the adsorption section guides The lowering is restrained by being absorbed by the rail, and at the same time, the lowering is guided to the guide surface to generate a braking force between one side of the guide rail.

Effect of the Invention

This invention is provided with the cage | basket | car which lifts up and down inside an elevator hoist, the guide rail which is installed in the hoistway, and guides a cage | bowl, and the cage | bowl speed detection means which detects the abnormality of the cage | basket | car, In the safety device of an elevator which stops a car when a speed abnormality of a car is detected by a means, The guide surface provided in the car and arrange | positioned so that it may move away from one side of a guide rail as it goes down, And a brake provided between the guide surface and one side of the guide rail, and a suction part provided on the brake and adsorbing to the guide rail when the speed abnormality of the car is detected by the car speed detecting means. The sleeping part is sucked by the guide rail Since the lowering is restrained and the lowering guides the guide surface to generate a braking force between one side of the guide rail, it is necessary to shorten the time required for the stop of the car after the speed abnormality of the car is detected. It becomes possible.

1 is a front view of a safety device of an elevator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the main portion of the safety device of the elevator in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view for explaining the operation of the safety device of the elevator in the first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a block diagram of a conventional elevator apparatus.

<Description of the code>

1 guide rail

1a flange

1b head

2 emergency stop device

3 basic stage

4 first brake

4a, 6a braking surface

5 guidance

5a guide

6 second brake

7 Suction part

8 Guide

9 Guide plate

10 Guide part

10a stopper

11 electromagnet

11a adsorption surface

12 springs

13 car

14 counterweight

15 driven sheave

16 main rope

17 main sheave

18 tension sheave

19 Governor rope

20 safety links

Preferred Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

In order to explain the present invention in more detail, it will be described according to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same or corresponding part, and the duplication description is abbreviate | omitted suitably or abbreviate | omitted.

Example l

1 is a front view of an elevator safety device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the elevator car (not shown) which elevates the inside of an elevator hoistway is guided by the guide rollers (not shown) etc. which were provided in the upper and lower ends, and is matched with the pair of guide rails 1, and the lifting direction is guided. It is. This guide rail 1 has a substantially T-shaped cross section, and is provided in a hoistway so that the head part 1b which protrudes from the flange part 1a opposes each other across a car. Moreover, it arrange | positions so that it may correspond to each guide rail 1 in the lower part of a cage | basket | car, and emergency stops a cage | basket by engaging with each guide rail 1 when the descending speed | rate of a cage exceeded a predetermined value. An emergency stop device 2 is provided. Although not shown, a car speed detecting means for detecting whether or not the car's lowering speed exceeds a prescribed value, and the car speed detecting means lowers the speed of the car by the car speed detecting means. Is detected, the power control means for performing power control on the electromagnet described later of the emergency stop device 2 is provided.

The emergency stop device 2 is installed in a car and is provided on a base table 3 disposed so as to correspond to each guide rail 1 and on the base table 3, and the head of the guide rail 1 is provided. The first brake 4 having the braking surface 4a opposed to one side of the section 1b with a slight distance therebetween, and provided on the base table 3, and is directed downward, Guide portion 5 having a guide surface 5a formed away from the other side of the head part lb, and guide surface 5a and guide rail of the guide portion 5 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction according to the guide surface 5a. A second brake 6 provided between the other side of the head 1b of (1) and having a braking surface 6a opposite the other side of the head 1b of the guide rail 1; If the speed abnormality of the car is detected by the car speed detection means, it is provided in the lower part of the 2nd brake 6, and electric power control means It is provided with the suction unit 7 for absorbing a portion fixed to the other side of the head portion (1b) of the guide rail (1) by the control.

Here, the guide part 5 is provided in the base 3, the guide 8 which shows the substantially triangular prism shape which has the said guide surface 5a, and both sides of the guide surface 5a of this guide 8 here. It consists of the guide plate 9 which shows the substantially L-shape provided inclined at each. Moreover, this guide plate 9 faces downward so that the bent part arrange | positioned so that it may face in the head part 1b side of the guide surface 5a of the guide 8 may be substantially parallel with the guide surface 5a. The head 1b of the guide rail 1 is formed to be far from the other side surface.

In addition, the second brake 6 and the guide plate 9 are provided with a sliding mechanism such that the second brake 6 can slide in the vertical direction in accordance with the bent portion of the guide plate 9. The sliding mechanism may be of any configuration. For example, a projection is formed on the side of the second head 6b opposite to the second brake 6 with a T-shaped cross section, and the protrusion is engaged with the bent portion of the guide rail 9. It may be good.

The second brake 6, which is slidably mounted on the guide plate 9 in the vertical direction, is disposed below the guide plate 9 by its own weight when no external force is applied. At this time, a predetermined interval is formed between the braking surface 6a of the second braking member 6 facing each other and the other side surface of the head portion 1b of the guide rail 1, and the braking surface 6a is provided. This head part 1b does not contact the other side surface. On the other hand, when the second brake 6 is moved to the upper side of the guide plate 9 from this state, the second brake 6 is guided to the sliding mechanism provided between the guide plate 9 and the head portion. It gradually moves to the side (1b). That is, the braking surface 6a of the second braking member 6 and the other side surface of the head portion 1b approach, and the gap formed therebetween gradually narrows. Here, when the second brake 6 reaches a predetermined height, the distance between the brake surface 4a of the first brake 4 and the brake surface 6a of the second brake 6 is guide rail. The width of the head portion 1b of (1) is about the same, and the braking surface 4a is in contact with one side of the head portion 1b, and the braking surface 6a is in contact with the other side of the head portion 1b, respectively. do. Moreover, the height of the braking surface 6a at the time of contacting the head part lb of the guide rail 1 has the braking surface 4a of the 1st braking member 4 with respect to the 2nd braking member 6. It is set so that it may become substantially the same height.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the main portion of the safety device of the elevator in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows the configuration of the second brake 6 and the adsorption portion 7 provided below. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the suction part 7 provided below the braking surface 6a of the second brake 6 has a guide part 10 fixed to the lower part of the second brake 6. And the suction surface 11a which has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided so that the suction surface 11a provided in the one end surface may face the other side surface of the head part 1b of the guide rail 1, and this suction surface 11a is the head part 1b. With the electromagnet 11 which is slidable in the horizontal direction to the guide part 10, and the spring 12 which presses this electromagnet 11 to the other side of the opposing head part 1b so that it may slide on the other side surface, Consists of.

Here, the sliding mechanism provided in the guide part 10 and the electromagnet 11 may be of any structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the T-shaped groove | channel of the cross section is formed in the horizontal direction in the lower part of the guide part 10 in the horizontal direction, and the cross section which fits with this groove in the upper part of the electromagnet 11 is substantially It may be the same as having provided a T-shaped projection. The spring 12 is provided between the outer circumferential surface of the electromagnet 11 and the stopper 10a provided on the guide portion 10. The stopper 10a is disposed on the side of the head 1b opposite to the sliding mechanism so as to face the other end surface of the electromagnet 11, and fixes the electromagnet 11 pressurized by the spring 12. . Therefore, in the case where the second brake 6 is disposed below the guide plate 9, a predetermined interval is provided between the suction surface 11a of the electromagnet 11 and the other side of the head portion 1b. Is formed.

Next, the operation of the elevator safety device according to the present invention will be described.

3 is a view for explaining the operation of the safety device of the elevator in the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the normal speed of the elevator is always detected by the cage speed detecting means. In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the second brake 6 is disposed below the guide plate 9 by its own weight, and the suction surface 11a of the electromagnet 11 and the guide rail ( A predetermined interval is formed between the other side of the head portion 1b of 1). Here, when it is detected by the car speed detecting means that the falling speed of the car exceeds a predetermined value, the power control means supplies electric power to the electromagnet 11 based on the detection result of the car speed detecting means. The magnetic force is generated on the suction surface 11a of the electromagnet 11. Moreover, the pressing force of the spring 12 provided between the stopper 10a and the electromagnet 11 is smaller than the suction force generated between the electromagnet 11 and the guide rail 1 in the state of FIG. It is set. Therefore, the electromagnet 11 is horizontally moved to the head part 1b side of the guide rail 1 by resisting the pressing force of the spring 12 by supplying electric power by the electric power control means, The head part lb is sucked and fixed at any position. Moreover, the fall of the 2nd braking member 6 which descended with the car is restrained by the electromagnet 11 attracting to the head part 1b of the guide rail 1.

On the other hand, the cage | basket | car of an elevator continues descending after the electromagnet 11 adsorption-fixes to the head part 1b of the guide rail 1. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the 2nd braking member 6 is guided so that it may be pressed by the guide surface 5a of the guide 8 which descend | falls to the head part 1b side, and the 2nd braking surface 6a and the head part 1b are provided. By contacting the other side, the wedge is inserted between the guide 8 and the head portion 1b of the guide rail 1 to generate a strong braking force for forcibly stopping the car.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the power supply to the electromagnet 11 and the electromagnet 11 to the guide rail 1 until the braking force for stopping the car is exerted after the speed abnormality of the car is detected. Since only the adsorption operation is required, compared with the case where a governor rope, a safety link or the like is used as in the prior art, it is possible to significantly shorten the time until the car actually stops. In addition, since the structure can be simplified by eliminating the need for a safety link or the like, the cost can be reduced and the connection between the emergency stop device 2 and the safety link need not be considered. Restriction of setting place of 2) is relaxed, and workability at the time of installation and maintenance improves.

Moreover, in Embodiment 1 of this invention, when the speed abnormality of a cage | car is detected by the cage | basket | car speed detection means, the electromagnet 11 is supplied to the head part of the guide rail 1 by supplying electric power to the electromagnet 11. Although permanently fixed to (1b), the permanent magnet is disposed on the suction part 7 so as to face the other side of the head part 1b of the guide rail 1, and is provided to be slidable to the guide part 10 (not shown). ) And an electromagnet 11 arranged so as to erase the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, the electric power to the electromagnet 11 is cut off when the speed of the car is detected by the car speed detecting means. The magnet may be fixed to the other side of the head portion 1b of the guide rail 1 by suction. That is, during normal operation of the elevator, the electromagnet 11 and the permanent magnet are arranged so as to erase the magnetic force of each other by supplying electric power to the electromagnet 11, and when the speed abnormality of the car is detected, the electromagnet 11 The electric power to the furnace is cut off, and the permanent magnet is attracted to the head portion 1b of the guide rail 1. By having such a structure, a car can be stopped when electric power is not supplied to the electromagnet 11, such as at the time of a power failure, and it becomes possible to improve safety more.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the case where the descending speed of the car exceeds a prescribed value is described. However, when the ascending speed of the car exceeds a certain value by providing the same safety device under the counterweight. In addition, it is possible to make an emergency stop of a car.

In addition, when only the permanent magnet is used as the suction part 7, and the speed abnormality of the cage is detected by the cage speed detecting means, the permanent magnet is fixed to the guide rail 1 by an elastic body or the like. Also good. In this case, a roller or the like contacting the guide rail 1 may be used as the car speed detecting means, and the braking force may be generated only by the mechanical operation without using the electric operation.

As described above, according to the safety device of the elevator according to the present invention, since the time from detecting the speed abnormality of the car to actually stopping the car can be significantly shortened, It is possible to significantly shorten the moving distance, and thus it is possible to provide an elevator device with more safety.

Claims (4)

A car for elevating the inside of an elevator hoist, a guide rail mounted in the hoistway, guiding the car, and a car speed detecting means for detecting an abnormal speed of the car; In a safety device for an elevator for stopping the car when a speed abnormality of the car is detected by the means, it is provided in the car and arranged so as to move away from one side of the guide rail as it faces downward. A brake provided between the guide surface and the guide surface and one side surface of the guide rail, and the guide rail when the speed abnormality of the car is detected by the car speed detecting means. Adsorption unit for adsorbing on the The brake device is a safety device of an elevator, characterized in that the adsorption portion is adsorbed on the guide rail, the lowering is restrained, and the lowering guide is guided to the lowering guide surface to generate a braking force between one side of the guide rail. . A car for elevating the inside of an elevator hoist, a guide rail mounted in the hoistway, guiding the car, and a car speed detecting means for detecting an abnormal speed of the car; In the safety device of an elevator which stops a cage | basket | car when the speed abnormality of the cage | basket | car is detected by a means, Power control means which performs electric power control based on the detection result of the cage | basket | car speed detection means, The said A guide surface disposed in the car and disposed away from one side surface of the guide rail as it faces downward, a brake provided between the guide surface and one side surface of the guide rail, and provided to the brake body, By car speed detection means In the case where a speed abnormality of the car is detected, an adsorption part is adsorbed to the guide rail by electric power control of the electric power control means, and the brake is prevented from falling due to the adsorption part adsorbing to the guide rail. At the same time, the safety device of the elevator, characterized in that the guide is lowered to the guide surface to generate a braking force between the one side of the guide rail. The method of claim 2, The suction part is provided with an electromagnet so as to face the guide rail, and when the speed abnormality of the car is detected by the car speed detecting means, electric power is supplied to the electromagnet, thereby adsorbing the electromagnet to the guide rail. Elevator safety device. The method of claim 2, The suction unit includes a permanent magnet disposed to face the guide rail and an electromagnet disposed to erase the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and when the speed abnormality of the cage is detected by the cage speed detecting means, The safety device of the elevator, characterized in that the permanent magnet is attracted to the guide rail by cutting off the power.

Images