KR100632865B1 - Shipboard incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

A shipboard incinerator is provided to improve the combustion performance of the sludge by installing the diffuse dispersing the sludge oil and the oil. A shipboard incinerator comprises a combustion chamber(210) incinerating the sludge oil and trash generated during the operation; a burner assembly(230) supplying the sludge oil to be incinerated and the heat source necessary for incineration to the combustion chamber; a discharge pipe(260) discharging the discharge gas generated at the combustion chamber; and a controller(270) controlling the whole incinerator. The combustion chamber has a trash inlet door(211) where the trash is put; an ash discharge door(212) where the ash after incineration is discharged; a combustion chamber wall whose section is shaped like a rectangle by laminating fire bricks(218), wherein a space is formed between gypsum boards by diagonally cutting each edge of the rectangle; an air hole formed to supply enough air to the combustion chamber between fire bricks laminated at each edge cut at the combustion chamber wall; the gypsum board installed at the outer side of the combustion chamber wall, wherein the section is shaped like a rectangle; inner and outer cases mounted between the air paths at the outer side of the gypsum board; and an air suction device(216) formed to attach the insulating material in the outer case and to supply the air to the air path at the lower side of the outer case. A burner(231) combined with the burner assembly is mounted at a burner mounting unit installed at one side of the upper side of the incinerator and obliquely installed from the combustion chamber wall.

Description

Shipboard incinerator {Shipboard incinerator}

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a marine vessel incinerator of the prior art.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the incinerator of the prior art marine incinerator.

3 is an overall configuration diagram of a marine incinerator according to the present invention.

4 is a side view of a marine incinerator according to the present invention.

5 is a half sectional view of an incinerator of a ship incinerator according to the present invention.

Figure 6a is a perspective view of the incinerator of the ship incinerator according to the present invention.

Figure 6b is a view showing the direction of the flame in the incinerator of the ship incinerator according to the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view of the burner assembly of the ship incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a swirler installed at the tip of the sludge nozzle in FIG. 7. FIG.

*** Explanation of main parts of drawing ***

210: combustion chamber 211: garbage input door

212 ash discharge door 213 waste inlet

214: ash outlet 215: exhaust outlet

216: air intake 217: combustion chamber wall

218: refractory brick 219: air passage

220: air hole 221: incinerator case

222: thermometer in the furnace 223: support

224: gypsum board 225: inner case

226: outer case 227: insulation

229: burner mounting 230: burner assembly

231: burner 232: first nozzle

233: second nozzle 234: sludge nozzle

235: inner tube 236: outer tube

237 swirler 238 electrode

239: diffuse 240: diesel oil tank

241: diesel oil pump 250: sludge tank

251: heating coil 252: first sludge pump

253: second sludge pump 260: exhaust pipe

261 expansion joint 262 exhaust fan

263: exhaust gas damper 264: exhaust gas thermometer

270 controller

The present invention relates to a marine incinerator that meets the regulations set out in the Marine Pollution Prevention Convention of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), and more particularly, to incineration of waste and other on-board waste generated during normal operation of the vessel. It relates to a ship incinerator for.

Marine incinerators are solid wastes such as cargo-related wastes, maintenance wastes, cargo residues, fishing gear, rags, plastics, sludges from various fuels or lubricant purifiers, waste lubricants, It is an incineration facility on board to incinerate liquid waste (hereinafter referred to as sludge oil) such as emulsified water and household waste from ships.

The Marine Pollution Prevention Convention requires a number of demanding conditions for ship incinerators to prevent secondary pollution from incineration after throwing out various wastes generated during ship operations into the sea, or after incineration at ship incinerators. For example, the temperature in the combustion chamber is 850-1,200 ° C, the combustion chamber preheating temperature is 650 ° C, the incinerator should reach 600 ° C within 5 minutes after starting, the average oxygen concentration in the incinerator combustion chamber should be 6-12%, etc. Together, the conditions are getting more demanding.

Many ship incinerators have been used so far, and there have been patented technologies such as Patent Registration No. 10-336540. 1 and 2, the incinerator is operated using the controller 90 to burn the diesel oil supplied from the diesel oil tank 46 ′ to preheat the combustion chamber 10. When the preheating temperature reaches an appropriate level, the sludge pump is operated to supply the sludge in the sludge tank 48 into the combustion chamber 10. At this time, the sludge and air is supplied through the sludge nozzle, in the combustion process, the temperature in the combustion chamber 10 is sensed by the temperature sensor 80, and the temperature of the sludge is adjusted to maintain the temperature according to the temperature.

However, the registered patent has many problems. First, since the combustion chamber 10 is sealed with the refractory brick 11, the air in the air passage 25 cannot be supplied to the combustion chamber 10 at all, and only the air supplied through the burner assembly 40 is used for the combustion chamber. There is a lack of oxygen necessary for combustion in the combustion chamber, and secondly, since the burner 41 is mounted on the side of the combustion chamber, the flame is directed directly to the exhaust port 15 by the strong suction force of the exhaust fan 71. Third, when the temperature of the exhaust gas rises sharply, a third air inlet means 75 is required to lower the exhaust gas temperature. Fourth, the temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 72 is increased. Since there is no means for measuring, the temperature of the exhaust gas cannot be measured. Fifth, the sludge oil injected from the sludge nozzle of the burner 41 is diffused to facilitate incineration. Many problems, such as difficult to make.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the present invention is a waste related to the cargo caused by the operation of the ship, waste, maintenance waste, cargo residues, fishing gear, rag, plastic waste, such as plastic and various fuels or lubricants It is an aim to provide a marine incinerator that meets the regulations set out in the IMO Marine Pollution Prevention Convention in the incineration of sludge oils such as sludge from sludge, waste lubricating oil, emulsified wastewater, and household waste from ships.

Still another object of the present invention is to supply a sufficient amount of air to completely burn the sludge oil, etc. to the combustion chamber in a simple configuration without installing a separate air supply means in the combustion chamber, the burner assembly is one end By installing in the part, it is intended to provide a marine incinerator which prevents flames from directing to the exhaust port and prevents the combustion gas from rising sharply as well as the temperature of the exhaust gas.

Another object of the present invention is to spread the sludge oil for easy incineration by attaching a swirler to the nozzle tip of the burner, thereby not only increasing the combustion efficiency of the sludge oil but also burning it completely, resulting in incineration. It is intended to provide a marine incinerator that can prevent secondary contamination.

In order to achieve the above object, the marine incinerator according to the present invention is a combustion chamber for burning sludge oil and waste, a burner assembly for supplying the sludge oil to be incinerated and a heat source for incineration to the combustion chamber, and in the combustion chamber. It comprises an exhaust pipe for discharging the generated exhaust gas, and a controller for controlling the entire incinerator, and is equipped with a waste input door for injecting waste to be incinerated and a ash discharge door for discharging ash remaining after incineration of the waste. The combustion chamber has a firebrick stacked so that the cross section is rectangular in shape, and cuts each corner portion of the square diagonally to form a space between the gypsum board and the cut corners of the combustion chamber wall. An air hole formed between the stacked fire bricks to supply a sufficient amount of air to the combustion chamber; A gypsum board having a rectangular cross-section installed on the outside of the combustion chamber wall, and an inner case and an outer case installed on the outside of the gypsum board with an air passage therebetween, and a heat insulating material attached to the inner wall of the outer case. The lower portion of the configuration characterized in that it comprises an air inlet formed to supply air to the air passage.

Preferably, the burner coupled to the burner assembly is mounted to a burner mounting portion installed at one side of the upper part of the incinerator case, the burner is installed to be inclined with the combustion chamber wall, and the burner is provided with an electrode rod, a first nozzle, a second nozzle and The sludge nozzle is composed of an inner pipe for supplying sludge oil and a double pipe for an external pipe for supplying air, and includes the electrode rod, the first nozzle, the second nozzle, and the sludge. A constituent feature is that a diffuser is installed in front of the nozzle to evenly distribute the sludge oil and air.

Preferably, the exhaust pipe further comprises an expansion joint, an exhaust gas thermometer, an exhaust gas damper, and an exhaust fan.

Hereinafter, a vessel incinerator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8.

Figure 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a marine incinerator according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a side view of the marine incinerator according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a half sectional view of the incinerator of the marine incinerator according to the present invention, Figure 6a is a present invention Figure 6 is a perspective view of the incinerator of the marine incinerator according to the present invention, Figure 6b is a view showing the direction of the flame in the incinerator of the marine incinerator according to the present invention, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the burner assembly of the marine incinerator according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a swirler installed at the tip of the sludge nozzle in FIG. 7. FIG.

3 is an overall configuration diagram of a marine incinerator according to the present invention, the marine incinerator according to the present invention supplies a combustion chamber 210 for incinerating sludge oil and waste, and a sludge oil to be incinerated and a heat source for incineration to the combustion chamber. A burner assembly 230, an exhaust pipe 260 for discharging the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 210, and a controller 270 for controlling the entire incinerator, and the waste to be incinerated in the combustion chamber 210. Waste input door 211 for injecting the ash and ash discharge door 212 for discharging the ash (ash) remaining after burning the waste is attached, the firebrick 218 is laminated so that the cross-sectional shape is a square, the square An air hole formed to supply a sufficient amount of air to the combustion chamber 210 between the combustion chamber wall 217 cut each corner of the combustion chamber and the refractory brick 218 of the cut corner of the combustion chamber wall 217. A gypsum board 224 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape provided on the outer side of the combustion chamber wall 217, and an inner case provided on the outer side of the gypsum board 224 with an air passage 219 interposed therebetween. 225 and the outer case 226 and the inner wall of the outer case 226 is attached to the heat insulating material 227, the lower portion of the outer case 226 is formed to supply air to the air passage 219 It is configured to include a suction port 216.

The burner 231 coupled to the burner assembly 230 is mounted to a burner mounting portion 229 installed at one side of the upper part of the incinerator case, and as illustrated in FIG. 6B, the burner 231 is connected to the combustion chamber wall 217. It is preferable to install to be inclined, the shape of the burner 231 should be configured to have a narrow width and a long length of the flame length is formed so that the flame is completely burned the sludge oil and waste while the combustion chamber 210 inside.

If the burner 231 is installed on the side wall of the incinerator, the flame from the burner 231 is directly directed to the exhaust port 215 of the combustion chamber due to the strong suction force of the exhaust fan 262, so that only a portion of the sludge oil or the garbage can reach the flame. Not only becomes incomplete combustion, but the temperature of the exhaust pipe 260 becomes too high, and even if the burner 231 is installed above the incinerator, the flame is formed only in the vertical direction when installed vertically in parallel with the combustion chamber wall 217. It will not completely burn sludge oil or waste.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the burner 231 includes an electrode rod 238 for ignition, a first nozzle 232 and a second nozzle 233 for supplying diesel oil for combustion, and sludge to be incinerated. It consists of a sludge nozzle 234 for supplying oil and air. The sludge nozzle 234 is a double pipe of an inner pipe 235 for supplying sludge oil and an outer pipe 236 for supplying air. As shown in FIG. 8, the sludge nozzle 234 is preferably configured to effectively disperse the sludge oil by forming the tip portion of the exterior 236 in a spiral shape. In addition, a diffuser 239 is installed in front of the electrode rod 238, the first nozzle 232, the second nozzle 233, and the sludge nozzle 234 to evenly diffuse the sludge oil or the oil from the nozzle and the direction of the flame. You can also adjust.

In the incinerator for ships, not only the sludge oil supplied automatically but also the solid waste which is supplied manually must be burned. Therefore, a waste input door 211 for manually injecting waste into the combustion chamber 210 should be installed. Iii) It is preferable to install a safety device (not shown) so that the waste input door 211 does not open when the internal temperature is 220 ° C or higher.

Sludge oil contains not only sludge from heavy fuel oil but also waste lubricating oil and emulsified water. Reference numeral 250 denotes a sludge tank storing such sludge oil, and 251 heats the sludge oil so that the sludge oil does not harden in the sludge tank. The heating coil (heating coil) to be applied, in the sludge tank 250 should be heated to prevent the sludge is hardened, as well as to keep stirring to prevent the water and oil components are separated. 252 and 253 are sludge pumps for supplying sludge oil to the combustion chamber 210. If the temperature of the combustion chamber 210 is too high, the inverter reduces the number of sludge oils supplied by reducing the rotation speed of the motor of the sludge pump 253. Iii) Adjust the temperature within.

In order to completely burn the sludge oil and the waste in the combustion chamber 210, since only the air supply through the nozzle of the burner 231 lacks the oxygen necessary for combustion, additional air must be supplied from the outside. Therefore, in the present invention, by forming the air inlet 216 in the lower portion of the incinerator case 221, the air sucked through the air inlet 216 passes through the air passage 219, the corner portion of the inner case 225 Between the refractory bricks 218 stacked on the cut edges of the combustion chamber wall 217 stacked with the refractory bricks 218, through the spaces formed by cutting the corners of the combustion chamber wall 217 diagonally through the formed holes. It was configured to be supplied to the combustion chamber 210 through the air hole 220 formed in the.

Since the outer surface temperature of the outer case of the incinerator should not be higher than 20 ° C. or higher than the ambient temperature, or the surface temperature should not exceed 60 ° C., the outer circumference of the combustion chamber 210 is preferably installed with a heat insulating material. Plastering board 224 is installed on the outer circumference of the wall 217 to serve as a heat insulator and to fix the combustion chamber 210-a combustion chamber wall 217 formed by stacking refractory bricks 218 having irregularities and By inserting the gypsum board 224 into the space between the inner case 225, the combustion chamber wall 217 cannot be moved because there is no space even though the degree of expansion is different for each part, so that the combustion chamber 210 is fixed. The heat insulating material 227 is attached to the inside of the outer case 226 to prevent the heat in the combustion chamber 210 from being transferred to the outside.

Since the temperature in the combustion chamber 210 is specified to be maintained at 850 to 1,200 ° C., a thermometer 222 in the furnace must be provided so that the temperature in the combustion chamber 210 can be measured at all times, and also in the exhaust pipe 260. Since the temperature of the exhaust gas should be controlled to be cooled to 350 ° C. within 2.5 m from the exhaust port 215 of the combustion chamber 210, an exhaust gas thermometer 264 that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas should also be installed in the exhaust pipe 260.

Exhaust pipe 260 is expanded or contracted in accordance with the change in temperature, it is preferable to install expansion joints (expansion joint, 261) in order to control the expansion, expansion joint (261) of the exhaust pipe (260) In the case where the direction is bent, it may be more preferable to install each of the straight portions of the exhaust pipe 260.

In addition, an exhaust gas thermometer 264, an exhaust gas damper 263, and an exhaust fan 262 are installed in an exhaust pipe 260 connected to the exhaust port 215 of the combustion chamber 210. By measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged to 260, the opening degree of the exhaust gas damper 263 is adjusted, and finally discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust fan 262. The exhaust gas damper 263 should be completely opened when the temperature in the combustion chamber 210 is 900 ° C. or higher, and is automatically opened by the controller 270.

The controller 270 is configured to control the entire incinerator by a program. When the incinerator is started, the temperature of the combustion chamber 210 should be able to reach 600 ° C. within 5 minutes when the incinerator is started. 12% and the first nozzle 232 is stopped when the temperature in the combustion chamber 210 is 900 ° C. or higher, and is operated only by the sludge nozzle 234, and then automatically lowered to 800 ° C. or lower. The first nozzle 232 should be controlled to re-ignite. Referring to the ignition process, if only the first nozzle 232 is ignited, since the temperature in the combustion chamber does not reach the prescribed temperature within 5 minutes, after the ignition of the first nozzle 232, the second time is about 30 seconds. When the nozzle 233 is ignited and reaches the prescribed temperature, the sludge nozzle 234 is ignited, and the second nozzle 233 is closed unless the temperature in the combustion chamber is lowered to 600 ° C. or lower, and continues. When the combustion chamber reaches a temperature of 900 ° C. or higher, the first nozzle 232 is stopped, and the sludge nozzle 234 is operated. When the temperature in the combustion chamber decreases to 800 ° C. or lower, the first nozzle 232 is automatically operated. It is controlled to re-ignite.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various modifications and changes without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention but to describe the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

As described above, the marine incinerator according to the present invention supplies a sufficient amount of air to the combustion chamber of the incinerator in order to completely burn the sludge oil, etc. and install the burner assembly at one end portion of the upper combustion chamber, the flame immediately It prevents the temperature of exhaust gas from rising sharply, and improves the structure of the end part of the air supply pipe formed in the sludge nozzle of the burner, thereby spreading the sludge for easy incineration, thereby increasing the combustion efficiency of the sludge. In addition, it can be completely burned to prevent secondary pollution that may be caused by incineration, thus meeting the regulations set out in IMO's Marine Pollution Prevention Convention in the incineration of waste and other onboard wastes arising from the operation of the vessel. You can.

Claims (14)

Combustion chamber for incineration of sludge oil and onboard waste generated during operation of the vessel, burner assembly for supplying the sludge oil to be incinerated and a heat source for incineration to the combustion chamber, exhaust pipe for exhaust gas generated from the combustion chamber and the entire incinerator In the marine incinerator comprising a controller for controlling, The combustion chamber is attached to the garbage input door for inputting the waste to be incinerated, and the ash discharge door for discharging ash remaining after incineration of the garbage, A combustion chamber wall in which refractory bricks are laminated so that the cross-sectional shape is a quadrangle, and each corner portion of the quadrangle is cut diagonally to create a space between the plaster board; An air hole formed to supply a sufficient amount of air to the combustion chamber between the refractory bricks laminated at each corner cut from the combustion chamber wall; A gypsum board having a rectangular cross-sectional shape provided outside the combustion chamber wall; An inner case and an outer case installed on an outer side of the gypsum board with air passages interposed therebetween; An air inlet formed on an inner wall of the outer case and a lower portion of the outer case to supply air to the air passage; It is configured to include, The burner coupled to the burner assembly is mounted to the burner mounting portion installed on one side of the upper part of the incinerator case, and the burner is installed to be inclined with the combustion chamber wall. delete The method of claim 1, The burner is composed of an electrode rod for ignition, a first nozzle for supplying diesel oil for combustion, a second nozzle, and a sludge nozzle for supplying sludge oil to be incinerated, The sludge nozzle is a vessel incinerator, characterized in that consisting of a double pipe of the inner pipe (內 duct) for supplying the sludge oil, and the outer pipe (outer pipe) for supplying air. The method of claim 3, The incinerator for ships, characterized in that the diffuser is further provided in front of the electrode, the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the sludge nozzle to evenly disperse the sludge oil and oil and adjust the direction of the flame. The method of claim 3, An incinerator for ships, wherein a swirler, which is formed in a spiral shape, is further provided to effectively disperse the sludge oil. The method of claim 1, The exhaust pipe is an incinerator for ships, characterized in that the expansion joint (expansion joint) is further installed. The method of claim 6, Ship exhaust incinerator, characterized in that the exhaust gas thermometer, the exhaust gas damper and the exhaust fan is further installed. The method of claim 1, And the controller controls the waste input door not to open when the temperature in the combustion chamber exceeds 220 ° C. delete delete delete delete delete The method of claim 3, And the controller controls the first nozzle to stop when the temperature in the combustion chamber reaches 900 ° C. and to automatically re-ignite the temperature below 800 ° C.

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