KR100509134B1 - Method for a egg production containing Fe - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed additive comprising methionine-Fe chelate as an active ingredient, the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention not only has a higher iron content than other Fe chelating agents, but also has a high absorption rate in the body of livestock due to anemia This prevents a decrease in productivity and, in particular, increases the iron intake of mammal pigs when added to sow feed, effectively preventing anemia of weaning piglets, resulting in increased productivity.

In addition, the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention can be used as a feed additive for iron supply because it can produce a functional egg with a high iron content because it has an excellent iron transfer rate to eggs, and the chelate mineral (chelated) It can also replace minerals, which can be expected to save foreign currency.

Description

Iron-reinforced egg production method {Method for a egg production containing Fe}

The present invention relates to a feed additive comprising methionine-Fe chelate as an active ingredient.

Livestock and their products are important sources of protein for humanity to survive, and the development of agriculture, especially livestock raising and utilization, is closely linked to improving human health and quality of life. The breeding of these livestock is determined by the development of the feed industry, and the feed industry is closely related to livestock raising. The amount of feed, including grain produced in most countries in the world, is not rich, and the population is rapidly growing. Increasingly, the production of grain does not meet the demand, the supply of feed resources, including grain is increasingly difficult, there is a problem that is limited to the development of livestock breeding. Therefore, the development of feed additives that can promote the fattening and digestion of livestock and produce functional livestock can not only prevent waste of foreign currency due to import substitution, but also improve feed efficiency and high-quality functionalities due to rapid growth and fattening of livestock. The production of livestock products is very important in that it can contribute to raising the income level of farmers and differentiate them from imported livestock products.

Animal feed contains a number of nutrients, and these nutrients are involved in the production of meat, eggs and milk by directly or indirectly engaging in life phenomena in the animal's body. Exert. These nutrients also include minerals such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca). These minerals form a skeleton, although they contain a very small proportion of minerals in animal tissues. Its role in controlling osmotic pressure, maintaining the acid-base equilibrium of body fluids, and as an active agent in the enzyme system or as a component of the enzyme itself is very diverse. However, minerals are fundamentally neither animal nor vegetable, nor can they be synthesized in the body of an animal or plant and must be taken from the outside.

Among the various minerals, iron (Fe) mainly functions as a constituent of heme molecules having a function of transporting enzymes and electrons in the body. Therefore, when the amount of iron in the body is insufficient, the production of heme molecules is reduced, so that the synthesis of hemoglobin is inhibited, and the oxygen supply is not smoothly in the body, and as a result, the oxidation of the metabolites in the body is not active, resulting in less energy growth. Major deficiency symptoms such as anemia. According to the NRC (1994), the daily requirement of iron for poultry is 50-120 ppm, and the concentration at which iron poisoning symptoms are known is 2000 ppm.

For a long time, livestock have consumed this iron from nature and have lived without any deficiencies. Recently, however, changes in the specification management system have led to increased potential for iron deficiency, as livestock (especially pigs) are grown on concrete floors that do not normally have access to soil. Therefore, it can be said that the feed additive containing iron is very important in the breeding of livestock.

In the past, inorganic iron (inorganic form, that is, natural) iron was widely used as a feed additive, but this is a cause of soil pollution when used in large quantities because only 20 to 30% utilization rate is used in livestock and manure is excreted as manure. In each country, restrictions on the mass use of inorganic minerals are being tightened. Therefore, in recent years, research has been actively conducted to overcome the disadvantages of such inorganic minerals.

In contrast to the low absorption of inorganic minerals in the late 1980s, chelated minerals, which are organic compounds of proteins or carbohydrates and metals produced by the new chelate coupling method, have a 70-80% absorption rate in the body. Higher productivity has been reported to improve livestock productivity (Kratzer and Vohra, 1986).

The etymology of chelation comes from the Greek word "chel," meaning claw, or claw, in English, meaning that minerals are bound together by a ligand. This chelation is not a new concept, but is a basic life activity that occurs naturally to facilitate the absorption and metabolism of minerals in animals and plants. For example, iron in hemoglobin is chelated, but if iron is not chelated with amino acids in the hemoglobin molecule, it will turn into iron oxide when combined with oxygen and stop life. Thus chelation of minerals is an absolutely essential chemical reaction in living things.

In terms of chelation, the term refers to bivalent minerals that form heterocyclic rings through covalent and ionic bonds with one or more amino acids. These chelate minerals are more similar to natural minerals present in living organisms than other forms of minerals, for example, oxidized or phosphate, resulting in higher absorption rates. Among these chelated minerals, especially organic substances such as amino acids and small molecule peptides (Miller et al, 1972; McNaughton et al, 1974; Zoubek et al, 1975; Spears, 1992), which are the most absorbable forms of body tissues Chelated forms of and metal ions can be more effectively absorbed and used in the body (Fouad, 1976; Ashmead, 1993). These results indicate that metal ions are electrically neutral when they chelate with organic substances such as amino acids or low molecular weight peptides, and because they are chemically stable due to the binding force, it is easier to cross the small intestinal wall. It is also reported (Kratzer and Vohra, 1986).

Thus, the present inventors have prepared a methionine-Fe chelate, which is an organic compound of amino acid and metal by chelate binding method, and the methionine-Fe chelate can increase the productivity of the livestock due to its high absorption rate in the livestock, and The present invention was completed by demonstrating that it is possible to produce an egg having excellent iron content by having an excellent iron transfer rate to eggs, and to find that it can be usefully used as a feed additive for iron supply.

Therefore, the present invention can increase the productivity of the livestock in the livestock and improve the productivity of the livestock, and can be used as a feed additive for iron supply can be produced eggs with excellent iron content by excellent iron transfer rate to eggs In addition, the object of the present invention is to provide a feed additive containing methionine-Fe chelates having a higher iron content than other Fe chelating agents.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a methionine-Fe chelate of formula (1) or formula (2).

In another aspect, the present invention 1) mixing the methionine solution and the inorganic iron solution; 2) adding an alkaline solution while maintaining the obtained mixed solution at 50 to 70 ° C; 3) cooling to a temperature of 0-30 [deg.] C. to produce crystals; 4) It provides a method for producing methionine-Fe chelate comprising the step of filtering and drying the obtained crystals.

In addition, the present invention provides a feed additive containing the methionine-Fe chelate as an active ingredient.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail in the above order.

First, the present invention provides the methionine-Fe chelate of Formula 1 or Formula 2.

The methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention is 15% higher than the iron content (about 6%) of other iron chelates, so it can be usefully used as a high-efficiency feed source iron feed.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing methionine-Fe chelate. Method for preparing methionine chelate is 1) mixing the methionine solution and inorganic iron solution; 2) adding an alkaline solution while maintaining the obtained mixed solution at 50 to 70 ° C; 3) cooling to a temperature of 0-30 [deg.] C. to produce crystals; 4) filtering and drying the obtained crystals.

The methionine solution and the inorganic iron solution are obtained by dissolving methionine and inorganic iron in distilled water, respectively. Although distilled water does not exclude primary distilled water, it is preferable to use distilled water, preferably 3rd or more, more preferably 5th or more. Examples of the inorganic iron used in the preparation of methionine-Fe chelate include FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ 0 and FeSO ₄ · 5H ₂ 0. In view of the solubility in distilled water, it is preferred to use FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O. It is preferable to keep it at high temperature at the time of melting. However, since methionine is likely to be denatured at a temperature of 70 ° C. or higher, the preparation of the methionine solution is usually performed at a temperature of 70 ° C. or lower.

The obtained methionine solution and the inorganic iron powder solution are mixed with each other. The molar ratio of methionine and inorganic iron in mixing is usually mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 to 2: 1, preferably 2: 1. During mixing, the temperature of the mixed solution is maintained at a temperature of 50 ° C. or higher, because when it is lowered below 50 ° C., fish scale crystals are formed.

An alkali solution is added to the obtained mixed solution, taking care not to form fish scaly crystals. Examples of alkaline solutions that can be used in the present invention include NaOH aqueous solution and KOH aqueous solution, but are preferably NaOH aqueous solution. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the addition of 60 ml of 50% NaOH to 113.13 g of methionine provided the best result with 70% precipitate recovery.

After addition of the aqueous alkali solution, the mixed solution is cooled and methionine-Fe chelate precipitates. Cooling is usually performed in the range of 0 to 30 ° C, but in view of cost, it is preferable to cool to room temperature.

The obtained precipitate can be recovered by filtration and dried to obtain pure methionine-Fe chelate. Since the extraction time and the amount to be filtered vary depending on the fineness of the manure paper during filtration, the person skilled in the art should know the amount of raw materials used, the amount of methionine-Fe chelate produced, and the time required for extraction. In consideration of the yield and the yield, it is possible to select a manure paper having an appropriate fineness.

The present invention also provides a feed additive containing the methionine-Fe chelate as an active ingredient.

In order to confirm the utility of the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention as a feed additive, the present inventors first analyzed the productivity of laying hens according to the fed form of Fe and the iron content in eggs (egg yolk). Test feeds were purchased from representative commercial laying spawn feeds used in the control group, and the experimental groups were classified according to the type and level of Fe added thereto (see Table 1).

Methionine-Fe chelate was used as the iron content of the present invention prepared in the above 15%, the comparative group was used in the form of the amino acid and iron complex commercially purchased in the iron content of 6%.

As a result of measuring the egg production rate (hen-day, hen housed egg production), mean weight, and annual egg yield for each experimental group, it was found that the influence of specific iron source on the specification performance and egg quality was not significant ( See Table 2).

On the other hand, when the levels of iron supply in laying hens were different from the source of iron, the iron transfer rate in eggs was confirmed as time passed after the feeding of the test feed, and there was a significant difference between the experimental groups except the control until 10 days after the feeding of the test feed. From 15 days after the trend was not shown, the highest value was obtained in the methionine-Fe treatment group of the present invention. The mean of 15-40 days and the mean of 35-40 days were 18% and 23% higher than the control, respectively. In conclusion, the iron transition to eggs was the highest in the methionine-Fe chelate-treated group, and the maximum iron content was about 15 days after feeding the test feed (see Table 3).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by Examples and Experimental Examples.

However, the following Examples and Experimental Examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited to the following Examples and Experimental Examples.

Example 1 Preparation of Methionine-Fe Chelate

In a 2 L beaker, 113.13 g of 99% pure methionine and 1 L of 5th distilled water were added together and stirred on a hot plate while maintaining the temperature below 70 ° C (when the temperature rises to 70 ° C or higher). Do not exceed this range as much as possible because of rapid or methionine degeneration). In a 500 ml beaker, 106.38 g of 99% FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O and 200 ml of distilled water were added and dissolved in a hot plate. The amount of methionine and FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O added is 113.13g and 106.38g, respectively, so that the mole ratio of these two materials is 2: 1, and the absorbency is available when the molar ratio is 2: 1. Because it is the best. While fully dissolved methionine and FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O were mixed together and continuously stirred, the temperature was lowered in a range where recrystallization did not occur and 60 mL of 50% NaOH was added while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the precipitate was recovered by filtration using a vacuum pump. The precipitate was completely dried in a dry oven, pulverized finely to form a fine powder, and then naturally dried to prepare the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention.

The present inventors also measured the concentrations of Fe and Fe ions (Fe ⁺⁺ ) in aqueous solution according to the change of pH in order to confirm whether Fe actually chelates in the prepared methionine-Fe chelate, and dissolved iron powder It was confirmed that about one-quarter of the ion was dissolved and 3/4 of the dissolved iron was present in the chelate state (FIG. 5).

Experimental Example 1 Comparison of Iron Contents between Methionine-Fe Chelate and Other Fe Chelates

The present inventors were pretreated using the wet ashing method of AOAC (1990), and then quantitatively analyzed using an ICP (Inductively Coupled Spectrometer, Jovon Yvon, JY-24, France). As a result, the iron content of the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention was found to be 15%, and the iron content of the commercialized Avella-Fe (Availa-Fe, Alltech, USA) was found to be 6%.

Experimental Example 2 Production of Laying Hens and Iron Contents in Eggs

The test animals were divided into 80 groups of 30-week-old laying hens (ISA-Brown) into 10 experimental groups including the control group, 4 repetitions per treatment, 2 repetitions per treatment (total 80 repetitions per treatment), and randomized block design. Was placed. Test feeds were purchased from representative commercial laying spawn feeds used in the control group, and the experimental groups were classified according to the type and level of Fe added thereto (see Table 1).

Experimental group Form and level of Fe added T1 Control T2 Methionine-Fe Chelate, 100 ppm T3 Methionine-Fe Chelate, 200 ppm T4 Methionine-Fe Chelate, 300 ppm T5 FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O, 100 ppm T6 FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O, 200 ppm T7 FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O, 300 ppm T8 Availa-Fe, 100 ppm T9 Availa-Fe, 200 ppm T10 Availa-Fe, 300 ppm

Methionine-Fe chelate (Met-Fe) was used in the present invention of the iron content of 15% prepared in Example 1, Availa-Fe is a product of the commercially available amino acid and iron complex form of iron content of 6% Was used.

The test feed was fed for 40 days, and the control group was fed only to the control group for one week before the test feed. Water and feed were allowed to be vegan and lighting management was fixed at 16 hours per day.

The egg production rate (hen-day, hen-housed egg production), average egg weight, annual blue egg rate, etc. were measured every day, and feed intake was measured once a week to calculate feed conversion rate. Ten days after the start of the test, five samples were taken per experimental group to measure iron in eggs once every two days (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days). The sample was boiled in boiling water and the coagulated egg yolk was separated to analyze the iron in the egg. Iron analysis in yolk was measured using ICP (Jovon Yvon, JY-24, France) after pretreatment by wet ashing method according to AOAC (1998) method, and converted to iron content in 100g of egg.

Table 2 shows the results of laying rate, feed intake, feed demand, etc., obtained in a 40-day feeding test for laying hens.

Specification Experimental group Daily egg production rate (%) Scattering Index (%) Average difficulty (g) Feed Intake (g / hen / day) Feed conversion rate (feed / egg mass) Annual wave rate (%) Eggshell Strength (kg / cm ² ) T1 91.4 91.4 60.3 115.3 2.13 2.28 0.52 T2 91.4 91.4 60.4 122.4 2.23 1.19 0.53 T3 82.5 76.1 58.5 116.9 2.46 2.77 0.53 T4 87.1 87.1 57.8 124.4 2.66 2.13 0.58 T5 83.2 58.6 61.1 115.7 2.32 3.42 0.58 T6 96.4 90.4 57.3 125.9 2.25 2.63 0.60 T7 90.0 72.9 60.0 125.5 2.39 3.48 0.57 T8 83.9 83.9 59.0 110.1 2.28 0.87 0.55 T9 84.6 84.6 59.5 120.3 2.52 3.10 0.55 T10 82.9 77.9 59.2 109.3 2.15 5.68 0.55

In the 40 days of feeding, the hen-day egg production was the highest in the FeSO ₄ 100ppm treatment group (Fig. 2), and the hen-housed egg production was the control and methionine-Fe chelate 100ppm treatment group. Was significantly higher than other experimental groups (p <0.05). T40, T6, and T10 test groups showed lower values than the T4, T6, and T7 test groups for 40 days of feeding intake, and T4 test group showed significantly higher values than T1, T2, and T10 test groups. Indicated. The soft opacity was significantly higher in T5 and T10 groups, the lowest in T8 group, and the eggshell strength was highest in T6 group and lowest in T1 group. Egg weight was the lowest in the T6 experimental group and the best results in the T5 experimental group (Fig. 3).

Taken together, it is difficult to draw any conclusions, but the impact of specific iron sources on specification performance and egg quality is not significant. The iron transfer rate in eggs (egg yolk) with time after dietary supplementation at different levels of iron sources in laying hens is shown in Table 3.

Day ¹   T1   T2   T3   T4   T5   T6   T7   T8   T9   T10    0 1.87 *  1.92  1.84  1.89  1.82  1.96  1.87  1.74  1.81  1.80    2  1.76  1.88  1.74  1.95  1.82  1.84  1.76  1.77  1.93    4  1.89  1.81  2.00  1.76  1.91  1.75  1.50  1.63  2.12    6  1.89  2.08  1.91  2.00  1.89  2.04  2.06  2.06  1.80    8  1.91  1.83  1.99  2.20  2.14  1.96  2.04  1.97  2.08   10  2.07  2.21  2.25  1.92  2.06  2.22  2.16  2.07  2.05   15  2.43  2.31  2.01  2.08  2.39  2.40  2.20  2.17  2.18   20  1.98  2.38  2.21  2.16  2.11  2.23  2.06  2.37  2.18  2.27   25  2.08  2.08  2.23  2.25  2.21  2.07  2.10  2.13  2.14  2.23   30  2.02  2.22  2.41  2.39  2.11  2.17  2.27  2.34  2.27  2.29   35  1.98  2.45  2.26  2.39  1.99  2.15  2.27  2.21  2.23  2.27   40  1.97  2.42  2.28  2.36  2.15  2.16  2.11  2.26  2.15  2.27  Total average  1.98  2.13  2.13  2.12  2.03  2.08  2.07  2.07  2.04  2.11   Average (15-40)  2.01  2.37  2.28  2.26  2.11  2.19  2.20  2.25  2.19  2.25  One; Days since the start of the experiment *; Iron (mg / 100g egg)

There was a significant difference between the experimental groups except the control group up to 10 days after the feeding, but after 15 days, the highest value was found in the methionine-Fe chelate treated group. The average of 15-40 days was 2.37mg per 100g of egg and 2.44mg of 35-40 days was 18% and 23% higher than 2.01mg of control, respectively. In conclusion, the iron transition to eggs was the best in the methionine-Fe chelate 100ppm treatment group and the maximum iron content was about 15 days after feeding the test feed (Table 3 and Figure 4).

As described above, the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention not only has a higher iron content than other Fe chelating agents, but also increases the absorption rate of the body in livestock, thereby preventing a decrease in the productivity of the livestock due to anemia. When added to, it can effectively prevent anemia of weaning piglets. In addition, the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention can be used as a feed additive for iron supply, because it can produce eggs with excellent iron content due to the excellent iron transfer rate to eggs, and is currently partly imported chelated minerals ), It is possible to expect the effect of saving foreign currency.

1 is a schematic view showing a process for preparing methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention,

Figure 2 is a graph showing the degree of change in the hen-housed egg production after feeding and feeding a variety of iron sources, including the control group fed the general feed and methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention by concentration,

Figure 3 is a graph showing the degree of change in egg weight (egg weight) after the addition of a control group fed normal feed and various iron sources including methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention to feed according to the concentration,

Figure 4 is a graph showing the degree of change of iron transfer rate in eggs after feeding with a control diet fed normal feed and several iron sources including the methionine-Fe chelate of the present invention by feed concentration,

5 is a graph showing a comparison of the concentration of iron (Fe) and iron ions (Fe ⁺⁺ ) contained in the aqueous solution according to pH.

Claims (3)

delete 1) dissolving a solution selected from the group consisting of FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O or FeSO ₄ · 5H ₂ O in distilled water to prepare an inorganic iron powder solution; 2) preparing a methionine solution at 70 ° C. or lower so that methionine is dissolved in distilled water so that methionine is not denatured; 3) mixing the methionine solution and the inorganic iron solution in a molar ratio of 2: 1, and then adding a 50% NaOH solution while maintaining the mixed solution at 50 to 70 ° C; 4) cooling to a temperature of 0-30 [deg.] C. to produce crystals; And 5) Iron-reinforced egg production method characterized in that to produce iron-reinforced egg is iron-transferred by feeding the feed additive 100ppm to 300ppm prepared for 15 days to 40 days including filtering and drying the obtained crystals. delete