KR100463260B1 - Methods to measure drilling path and drilling angle of tunnel - Google Patents

Methods to measure drilling path and drilling angle of tunnel Download PDF

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KR100463260B1
KR100463260B1 KR10-2002-0033703A KR20020033703A KR100463260B1 KR 100463260 B1 KR100463260 B1 KR 100463260B1 KR 20020033703 A KR20020033703 A KR 20020033703A KR 100463260 B1 KR100463260 B1 KR 100463260B1
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drilling
tunnel
hole
measuring
coordinate
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KR10-2002-0033703A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20030096702A (en
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김양균
유정훈
유진오
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코오롱건설주식회사
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/20Mops
    • A47L13/24Frames for mops; Mop heads
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/42Details
    • A47L13/44Securing scouring-cloths to the brush or like body of the implement

Abstract

터널 굴착시 발파공을 이루는 천공구멍의 각도와 천공편차 등을 정확하고 용이하게 측정할 수 있도록 이루어진 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측량방법을 제공하기 위하여, 터널의 굴착을 위하여 천공된 천공구멍과 동일한 축방향을 유지하면서 천공구멍 외측으로 연장된 임의의 지점의 좌표를 측량하는 제1좌표측정단계;In order to provide a method for measuring the angle and the drilling path of the tunnel, which can accurately and easily measure the angle and drilling deviation of the blast hole during the excavation of the tunnel, the same axis as the drilled hole for the excavation of the tunnel A first coordinate measuring step of surveying coordinates of any point extending out of the hole while maintaining the direction;

상기 천공구멍이 시작되는 천공구멍 입구부의 좌표를 측량하는 제2좌표측정단계;A second coordinate measuring step of measuring the coordinates of the opening of the drilling hole at which the drilling hole starts;

측정된 제1좌표와 제2좌표 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력된 설계도에 3차원의 위치좌표로 표시하여 선으로 서로 연결하고, 이 선을 측정된 천공구멍의 깊이만큼 연장하여 그 결과가 컴퓨터에 표시되도록 하는 입력단계를 포함하는 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법을 제공한다.Display the measured first coordinate data and the second coordinate data as three-dimensional position coordinates on the design input to the computer, and connect them with each other by a line, and extend these lines by the depth of the measured drilling hole so that the result is displayed on the computer. It provides a method for measuring the puncture angle and puncture path of a tunnel comprising an input step.

Description

터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측량방법{METHODS TO MEASURE DRILLING PATH AND DRILLING ANGLE OF TUNNEL}METHODS TO MEASURE DRILLING PATH AND DRILLING ANGLE OF TUNNEL}

본 발명은 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측량방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 터널 굴착시 발파공을 이루는 천공구멍의 각도와 천공편차 등을 정확하고 용이하게 측정할 수 있도록 이루어진 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측량방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for measuring the drilling angle and the drilling path of the tunnel, and more particularly, the drilling angle and drilling of the tunnel made to accurately and easily measure the angle and the drilling deviation of the drilling hole forming the blasting hole when the tunnel is excavated. The present invention relates to a route surveying method.

일반적으로 지하 심부 또는 지형을 관통하여 건설되는 터널은 대부분의 경우 발파를 이용하여 굴착이 이루어지고 있다. 발파를 이용한 터널 굴착은 먼저, 다수개의 구멍을 소정의 깊이로 천공하고 여기에 폭약을 장착한 후, 이 폭약을 발파시켜 일정한 깊이만큼 굴착하는 방식이다.In general, tunnels that are constructed through deep underground or terrain are excavated using blasting in most cases. Tunnel excavation using blasting is a method in which a plurality of holes are first drilled to a predetermined depth, an explosive is attached thereto, and the explosive is then blasted to a predetermined depth.

이러한 발파를 이용한 터널굴착시 가장 문제가 되는 것 중의 하나는 굴착면 주변에 형성되는 과대여굴(過大餘掘)(이하 여굴이라 칭함)로써, 여굴(餘掘)이란 계획된 굴착단면을 초과하여 그 주변에 여분으로 굴착된 부분을 말한다.One of the most problematic problems in tunnel excavation using such blasting is overexcavation (hereinafter referred to as overburden) formed around the excavation surface. Refers to the excavated part.

여굴발생의 가장 중요한 원인중 하나는 암반에 발파공을 형성시키기 위해 구멍을 뚫는 천공작업시 천공각이 과다하기 때문이다. 즉, 천공작업시 암반에 실제적으로 구멍을 뚫는 장치인 천공장비의 비트가 터널축과 평행을 이루지 못하고 과도하게 경사각을 이루고 있기 때문이다.One of the most important causes of overbreaking is the excessive drilling angle during drilling to drill holes to form blast holes in the rock. That is, because the bit of the drilling equipment, which is a device that actually drills holes in the rock during the drilling operation is not parallel to the tunnel axis, and forms an excessive inclination angle.

따라서, 굴진 때마다 암반속의 천공각도 및 천공경로를 정확하게 측정할 수 있다면 천공작업의 오류를 쉽게 수정할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 여굴의 발생을 최소화할 수 있다.Therefore, if the drilling angle and the drilling path in the rock can be accurately measured at every excavation, not only the error of the drilling operation can be easily corrected, but also the occurrence of overbreak can be minimized.

이렇게 여굴의 발생을 최소화할 수 있으면, 이를 메우기 위한 부가적인 시간 및 재료가 적게 소요되어 공사비용을 절감할 수 있다.If the occurrence of overbreak can be minimized, additional time and materials for filling it can be reduced, thereby reducing the construction cost.

이러한 천공각 및 천공경로의 측정은, 굴착장비에 장착된 위치감지센서와 이 위치감지센서에서 측정된 좌표가 컴퓨터로 입력되어 비트의 천공각과 천공경로를 자동으로 측정할 수 있도록 된 장비가 사용되고 있다.For the measurement of the perforation angle and the perforation path, the position sensor mounted on the excavation equipment and the coordinates measured by the position detection sensor are input to the computer so that the perforation angle and the perforation path of the bit are automatically measured. .

그러나, 이와 같이 천공각 및 천공경로를 측정할 수 있는 장치가 장착된 굴착장비 이외에는, 공사 현장에서 천공각과 천공경로를 측정할 수 있는 방법이 그어느 것도 마련되어 있지 않다.However, there is no method for measuring the drilling angle and the drilling path at the construction site except for the drilling equipment equipped with the device for measuring the drilling angle and the drilling path.

따라서, 천공각 및 천공경로를 측정하기 위해서는 측정장치가 장착된 것을 구비하여야되는데, 이러한 것은 매우 많은 비용이 소요되는 문제점이 있다.Therefore, in order to measure the drilling angle and the drilling path should be equipped with a measuring device, which is a very expensive problem.

본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 발파공의 천공상태를 정확하고 용이하게 측정할 수 있도록 이루어진 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법을 제공하는데 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the puncture angle and puncture path of the tunnel made to accurately and easily measure the puncture state of the blast hole. .

상기한 바와 같은 본 발명의 목적을 실현하기 위하여, 터널의 굴착을 위하여 천공된 천공구멍과 동일한 축방향을 유지하면서 천공구멍 외측으로 연장된 임의의 지점의 좌표를 측량하는 제1좌표측정단계;In order to realize the object of the present invention as described above, the first coordinate measuring step of surveying the coordinates of any point extending outside the drilling hole while maintaining the same axial direction as the drilled hole for the excavation of the tunnel;

상기 천공구멍이 시작되는 천공구멍 입구부의 좌표를 측량하는 제2좌표측정단계;A second coordinate measuring step of measuring the coordinates of the opening of the drilling hole at which the drilling hole starts;

측정된 제1좌표와 제2좌표 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력된 설계도에 3차원의 위치좌표로 표시하여 선으로 서로 연결하고, 이 선을 측정된 천공구멍의 깊이만큼 연장하여 그 결과가 컴퓨터에 표시되도록 하는 입력단계를 포함하는 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법을 제공한다.Display the measured first coordinate data and the second coordinate data as three-dimensional position coordinates on the design input to the computer, and connect them with each other by a line, and extend these lines by the depth of the measured drilling hole so that the result is displayed on the computer. It provides a method for measuring the puncture angle and puncture path of a tunnel comprising an input step.

상기 제1,제2좌표측정단계는 천공구멍에 타겟이 부착된 로드를 삽입하고, 이 로드를 천공구멍과 동일한 축방향으로 전진 또는 후진하여 타겟의 좌표를 측정하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The first and second coordinate measuring steps may include inserting a rod having a target attached to the drilling hole, and moving the rod forward or backward in the same axial direction as the drilling hole to measure coordinates of the target.

또한 본 발명은, 천공장비의 비트를 천공하려는 부분에 위치시키고, 이 비트의 가이드레일 역할을 하는 피드(feed)부의 좌표를 측량하는 제1좌표측정단계;In another aspect, the present invention, the first coordinate measuring step of positioning the bit of the drilling equipment to the portion to be punched, and measuring the coordinates of the feed (feed) portion that serves as a guide rail of the bit;

상기 천공장비로 천공을 완료한 후, 천공구멍 입구부의 좌표를 측량하는 제2좌표측정단계;A second coordinate measuring step of measuring the coordinates of the inlet of the boring hole after completing the boring with the boring equipment;

측정된 제1좌표와 제2좌표 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력된 설계도에 3차원의 위치좌표로 표시하여 선으로 서로 연결하고, 이 선을 측정된 천공구멍의 깊이만큼 연장하여 그 결과가 컴퓨터에 표시되도록 하는 입력단계를 포함하는 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법을 제공한다.Display the measured first coordinate data and the second coordinate data as three-dimensional position coordinates on the design input to the computer, and connect them with each other by a line, and extend these lines by the depth of the measured drilling hole so that the result is displayed on the computer. It provides a method for measuring the puncture angle and puncture path of a tunnel comprising an input step.

도 1a 및 도 1b는 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법을 위하여 천공구멍의 좌표측량을 나타내는 터널의 단면도.1A and 1B are cross-sectional views of a tunnel showing coordinate measurements of a hole for a method of measuring a hole angle and a hole path of a tunnel according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 터널의 천공구멍의 좌표를 측정하기 위하여 제공된 타겟부재의 단면도.2 is a cross-sectional view of a target member provided for measuring coordinates of a drilled hole in a tunnel according to the present invention.

도 3a 및 도 3b는 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법을 설명하기 위한 터널의 평단면도 및 정단면도.3A and 3B are a plan sectional view and a front sectional view of a tunnel for explaining a method for measuring a puncturing angle and a puncturing path of a tunnel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 더욱 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

도 1은 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법에 있어서 천공구멍의 좌표측량을 나타내기 위한 터널의 굴착단면도로서, 터널을 굴착하기 위하여 터널(2) 막장에는 폭약을 장착할 수 있도록 소정의 깊이와 각도로 다수개의 천공구멍(4)을 뚫게 된다.1 is an excavated cross-sectional view of a tunnel for indicating the coordinate measurement of the drilling hole in the method of measuring the drilling angle and the drilling path of the tunnel according to the first embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of perforation holes 4 are drilled at a predetermined depth and angle so as to be mounted thereon.

이러한 천공구멍(4)의 천공작업은 터널굴착에 있어서 가장 기본적이면서도 가장 중요한 작업중의 하나로서, 천공구멍(4)의 각도 및 길이 즉, 천공각 및 천공경로에 따라서 터널의 굴착정도가 정해진다.The drilling operation of the drilling hole 4 is one of the most basic and most important operations in tunnel drilling, and the degree of drilling of the tunnel is determined according to the angle and length of the drilling hole 4, that is, the drilling angle and the drilling path.

이렇게 천공구멍(4)이 형성되면, 최외곽쪽의 천공구멍(4)에 타겟부재(6)를 삽입하고, 광파기와 같은 측량장비(8)를 이용하여 천공구멍(4)의 각도인 천공각과 천공경로를 측량하게 된다. 상기에서 천공각이란 터널발파를 위하여 천공된 최외곽의 천공구멍(4) 또는 최외곽의 천공구멍을 천공하기 위하여 위치된 점보드릴 비트의 가이드레일 역할을 하는 피드부와 터널의 굴착설계선과의 3차원의 각도를 칭하는 것으로서, 3차원상의 구좌표계에서 고도각과 방위각이 3차원으로 합성된 각도를 말한다. 이러한 천공각은 터널굴진을 위한 발파를 실시하기 위해서는 먼저 터널막장에 구멍을 뚫는 천공작업을 실시하여야 하는데, 이때 막장면의 최외곽쪽에 위치한 구멍(굴착선공)을 천공할 때에는 인위적으로 또는 천공장비인 점보드릴의 구조상 자연스럽게 터널벽면과 일정한 각도가 발생하게 되며, 이에 따라 터널굴착시 천공각은 필연적으로 발생한게 된다.When the drilling holes 4 are formed in this way, the target member 6 is inserted into the outermost drilling holes 4, and the drilling angles, which are the angles of the drilling holes 4, using the surveying equipment 8 such as an optical drill and the like. Survey the drill path. In the above description, the perforated angle means a portion of the feed portion and the excavation design line of the tunnel, which serve as guide rails of the point board reel bit positioned to perforate the outermost perforated hole 4 or the perforated outermost hole for tunnel blasting. It refers to the angle of the dimension, and refers to the angle in which the elevation angle and the azimuth angle are synthesized in three dimensions in the three-dimensional sphere coordinate system. In order to carry out the blasting for tunnel drilling, the drilling angle should be first drilled in the tunnel curtain. At this time, when drilling the hole (excavation liner) located on the outermost side of the curtain curtain, Due to the structure of the dot board reel, a certain angle occurs naturally with the tunnel wall surface. As a result, a perforation angle inevitably occurs during the tunnel excavation.

본 실시예에 제공된 타겟부재(6)는, 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 천공구멍(4)에삽입될 수 있도록 소정의 직경과 길이를 갖는 원통형의 파이프(10)와, 이 파이프 (10)의 내측에서 이동 가능하게 삽입되고 선단부에 타겟(12)이 고정된 로드 (14)와, 상기 파이프(10)가 천공구멍(4)과 동일한 축방향으로 위치할 수 있도록 함과 동시에 천공구멍(4)에 삽입된 상태를 견고하게 유지하는 패킹(16)으로 이루어진다.The target member 6 provided in this embodiment has a cylindrical pipe 10 having a predetermined diameter and length so that the target member 6 can be inserted into the drilling hole 4 as shown in FIG. The rod 14, which is movably inserted from the inside and the target 12 is fixed to the distal end, and the pipe 10 can be positioned in the same axial direction as the hole 4, and at the same time, the hole 4 It is made of a packing 16 to keep the state inserted in the firm.

그리고 상기 측량장비(8)는 타겟부재(6)에 설치된 타겟(12)의 좌표를 측량하기 위한 장비로서, 예를 들면 측정지점인 타겟(12)을 향해 레이저 발진장치에서 빛을 발사하여 그 반사파를 수신하는 방법으로 타겟(12)의 위치좌표를 측량하는 광파기 등이 사용될 수 있다.The surveying device 8 is a device for surveying the coordinates of the target 12 installed in the target member 6. For example, the surveying device 8 emits light from the laser oscillator toward the target 12, which is a measurement point, and reflects the reflected wave. As a method of receiving a light wave may be used to measure the position coordinates of the target 12.

이와 같은 장비를 이용하여 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로를 측정하려면, 먼저 도 1a에서와 같이 천공구멍(4)에 타겟부재(6)를 삽입하여 고정하고, 타겟부재(6)의 로드(14)를 파이프(10)에서 최대한 인출한 후, 터널 후방에서 측량장비(8)를 이용하여 로드(14)에 고정된 타겟(12)의 위치좌표인 제1지점의 좌표를 측량한다.To measure the drilling angle and the drilling path of the tunnel using such equipment, first, by inserting and fixing the target member 6 in the drilling hole 4, as shown in Figure 1a, the rod 14 of the target member 6 After the maximum withdrawal from the pipe 10, using the surveying equipment (8) behind the tunnel to measure the coordinates of the first point, which is the position coordinates of the target 12 fixed to the rod (14).

그 다음 도 1b에서와 같이 인출된 로드(14)를 파이프(10)에 최대한 삽입하여 타켓(12)이 천공구멍(4)의 입구부에 위치하도록 한 상태에서 측량장비(8)를 이용하여 타겟(12)의 제2지점의 위치좌표인 천공구멍(4)의 입구부 위치좌표를 측량한다.Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, the extracted rod 14 is inserted into the pipe 10 as much as possible so that the target 12 is positioned at the inlet of the drilling hole 4. The positional coordinates of the inlet of the drilling hole 4, which are the positional coordinates of the second point of (12), are surveyed.

이렇게 제1좌표 및 제2좌표가 측량되면, 이 좌표 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력된 터널설계도에 3차원의 위치좌표로 표시하여 선으로 서로 연결하고, 이 선을 미리 측정한 천공구멍(4)의 깊이만큼 연장하면, 천공된 천공구멍(4)의 천공각 및 외향천공거리를 쉽게 확인할 수 있게된다.When the first coordinate and the second coordinate are surveyed in this way, the coordinate data is displayed in a three-dimensional position coordinate on the tunnel design input to the computer, connected to each other by a line, and the depth of the drilled hole 4 measured in advance in the line. As long as it extends, it is possible to easily check the puncturing angle and outward puncturing distance of the punctured puncture hole 4.

상기에서 컴퓨터에 입력된 터널설계도는 3차원의 위치좌표 표시가 가능한 오토캐드(Auto cad)로 작성된 것이 사용될 수 있는데, 그 이외에도 3차원으로 좌표를 표시할 수 있도록 이루어진 프로그램은 모두 사용할 수 있다.In the above-described tunnel design diagram input to the computer, one made of auto cad capable of displaying three-dimensional position coordinates may be used. In addition, any program made to display coordinates in three dimensions may be used.

도 3은 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법으로서, 제1실시예에서는 천공작업이 완료된 후 천공구멍의 각도 및 경로를 측량하여 그 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력하는 것으로 나타내고 있는데, 제2실시예에서는 천공작업과 동시에 제1좌표를 측량하고, 천공작업이 완료된 후 천공구멍 입구부위 좌표를 측량하여 그 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력하는 것으로 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정하고 있다.3 is a method for measuring the drilling angle and the drilling path of a tunnel according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, after the drilling is completed, the angle and path of the drilling hole are measured and the data is input to the computer. In the second embodiment, the first coordinate is measured at the same time as the drilling operation, and after the drilling operation is completed, the drilling angle and the drilling path of the tunnel are measured by inputting the data to a computer by measuring the coordinates of the opening of the drilling hole. .

즉, 도 3a 및 도 3b에서와 같이, 천공작업시 천공장비(20)에서 실제 천공을 수행하는 부위인 비트(bit)(22)의 가이드레일 역할을 하는 피드(feed)부 끝단부에 타겟(24)을 설치한 채, 비트(bit)(22)를 천공하고자 하는 부분에 위치시킨 후, 이 타겟(24)의 제1지점의 위치좌표(A)를 도시되지 않은 측량장비를 이용하여 측량한다.That is, as shown in Figure 3a and 3b, during the drilling operation the target (feed) end portion (feed) that serves as a guide rail of the bit (bit) 22, which is a portion for performing the actual drilling in the drilling equipment 20 ( With the 24 installed, the bit 22 is positioned at the portion to be drilled, and then the position coordinate A of the first point of the target 24 is surveyed using a surveying device (not shown). .

그리고 천공장비(20)를 이용하여 천공이 완료되면, 천공구멍(26) 입구부에 타겟을 위치시켜 천공구멍(26) 입구부의 좌표인 제2지점의 위치좌표(B)를 도시되지 않은 측량장비를 이용하여 측량한다.When the drilling is completed by using the drilling equipment 20, the target is positioned at the inlet of the drilling hole 26 so that the position coordinate B of the second point, which is the coordinate of the inlet of the drilling hole 26, is not illustrated. Survey using

이렇게 측량된 제1,제2좌표(A)(B)는 제1실시예와 동일하게 그 좌표데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력하면, 그 결과가 컴퓨터에 표시되어 터널에 천공된 천공구멍(26)의 천공각 및 천공경로를 측정할 수 있게된다.When the first and second coordinates (A) and (B) measured in this way are inputted to the computer in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the result is displayed on the computer to drill the drilled holes 26 drilled in the tunnel. Angle and perforation paths can be measured.

상기에서는 컴퓨터에 제1,제2좌표를 입력하여 천공각 및 외향천공거리를 포함하는 천공경로를 모두 나타낼 수 있지만, 천공각만을 알고자 할 경우에는, 아래와 같은 수식에 의하여 간단히 계산할 수 있다.In the above, the first and second coordinates may be input to the computer to represent all the puncturing paths including the puncturing angle and the outward puncturing distance. However, in order to know only the puncturing angle, it may be simply calculated by the following equation.

즉, 상기 제1, 제2실시예에서 측량된 제1지점의 좌표를 P1이라 하고, 제2지점의 좌표를 P2라고 가정할 때,That is, assuming that the coordinates of the first point surveyed in the first and second embodiments are P1 and the coordinates of the second point are P2,

가. 터널축의 기울기: ℓ1,m1,n1end. Slope of the tunnel axis: ℓ1, m1, n1

터널중심축에 평행한 임의지점의 두좌표: A1=(X1,Y1,Z1), A2=(X2,Y2,Z2)Two coordinates of any point parallel to the tunnel center axis: A1 = (X1, Y1, Z1), A2 = (X2, Y2, Z2)

ℓ1=(X1-X2), m1=(Y1-Y2), n1=(Z1-Z2)l1 = (X1-X2), m1 = (Y1-Y2), n1 = (Z1-Z2)

나. 천공경로의 기울기: ℓ2,m2,n2I. Slope of perforation path: ℓ2, m2, n2

측정된 두지점의 좌표: P1=(x1,y1,z1), P2=(x2,y2,z2)Coordinates of the measured two points: P1 = (x1, y1, z1), P2 = (x2, y2, z2)

ℓ2=(x1-x2), m2=(y1-y2), n2=(z1-z2)l2 = (x1-x2), m2 = (y1-y2), n2 = (z1-z2)

다. 천공각All. Perforated corner

상기 ℓ1,m1,n1과 ℓ2,m2,n2를 이용하여 다음과 같은 수식에 의하여 천공각을 계산할 수 있다.Using the l1, m1, n1 and l2, m2, n2 can be calculated by the following formula.

이와 같은 수식을 이용하여 터널에 뚫린 천공구멍의 천공각도를 계산하면 여굴의 발생을 최소화하면서 터널을 굴착할 수 있게된다. 그리고 상기 본 발명의 제2실시예에서 제시된 천공각은 본 발명의 제1실시예에서서 설명한 것과 동일하다.By calculating the drilling angle of the drilling holes drilled in the tunnel using the above equation, it is possible to excavate the tunnel while minimizing the occurrence of overbreak. And the puncture angle presented in the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as described in the first embodiment of the present invention.

이상 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명에 의한 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법은, 천공구멍의 각도와 천공경로를 기존에 사용되는 타겟 및 광파기를 이용하여 비교적 용이한 방법으로 정확하게 측정할 수 있으므로 터널굴착시 여굴의 발생을 최소화할 수 있다.As described above, the method of measuring the drilling angle and the drilling path of the tunnel according to the present invention can accurately measure the angle of the drilling hole and the drilling path by a relatively easy method using a target and an optical wave that are used in the past. The occurrence of overbreak can be minimized.

Claims (3)

(정정)터널의 굴착을 위하여 천공된 터널막장의 최외곽쪽 천공구멍과 동일한 축방향을 유지하면서, 이 천공구멍 외측으로 연장된 임의의 지점의 3차원의 위치좌표를 측량하는 제1좌표측정단계;(Correct) A first coordinate measuring step of surveying three-dimensional position coordinates of an arbitrary point extending outside the drilled hole while maintaining the same axial direction as the outermost drilled hole of the tunnel membrane for drilling the tunnel. ; 상기 천공구멍이 시작되는 천공구멍 입구부의 3차원의 위치좌표를 측량하는 제2좌표측정단계;A second coordinate measuring step of surveying a three-dimensional position coordinate of a hole inlet portion at which the hole starts; 측정된 제1좌표와 제2좌표 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력된 설계도에 3차원의 위치좌표로 표시하여 선으로 서로 연결하고, 이 선을 측정된 천공구멍의 깊이만큼 연장하여 그 결과가 컴퓨터에 표시되도록 하는 입력단계를 포함하는 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법.Display the measured first coordinate data and the second coordinate data as three-dimensional position coordinates on the design input to the computer, and connect them with each other by a line, and extend these lines by the depth of the measured drilling hole so that the result is displayed on the computer. Method of measuring the puncture angle and puncture path of the tunnel comprising an input step. 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1,제2좌표측정단계는 천공구멍에 타겟이 부착된 로드를 삽입하고, 이 로드를 천공구멍과 동일한 축방향으로 전진 또는 후진하여 타겟의 좌표를 측정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second coordinate measuring step is characterized by inserting a rod attached to the target in the drilling hole, and measuring the coordinates of the target by moving the rod forward or backward in the same axial direction as the drilling hole. Method of measuring the drilling angle and the drilling path of the tunnel. (정정)천공장비의 비트를 천공하려는 부분에 위치시키고, 이 비트의 가이드레일 역할을 하는 피드(feed)부의 3차원의 위치좌표를 측량하는 제1좌표측정단계;(Correction) a first coordinate measuring step of positioning a bit of the drilling equipment on a portion to be punched and measuring a three-dimensional position coordinate of a feed part serving as a guide rail of the bit; 상기 천공장비로 천공을 완료한 후, 천공구멍 입구부의 3차원의 위치좌표를 측량하는 제2좌표측정단계;A second coordinate measuring step of measuring the three-dimensional position coordinates of the inlet of the drilling hole after completing the drilling with the drilling equipment; 측정된 제1좌표와 제2좌표 데이터를 컴퓨터에 입력된 설계도에 3차원의 위치좌표로 표시하여 선으로 서로 연결하고, 이 선을 측정된 천공구멍의 깊이만큼 연장하여 그 데이터가 자동으로 컴퓨터에 표시되도록 하는 데이터입력단계를 포함하는 터널의 천공각 및 천공경로 측정방법.The measured first coordinate data and the second coordinate data are displayed in the design input to the computer in three-dimensional position coordinates and connected to each other by a line. The lines are extended by the depth of the measured drilling hole, and the data is automatically transferred to the computer. A method of measuring a puncture angle and a puncture path of a tunnel comprising a data input step of displaying the tunnel.
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CN114135277A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-03-04 山东大学 Tunnel advanced geological prediction method and system based on geochemical feature while-drilling perception

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