KR100572989B1 - Method and device for marking drilling patterns of excavation lay-out - Google Patents

Method and device for marking drilling patterns of excavation lay-out Download PDF

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KR100572989B1
KR100572989B1 KR1020040023822A KR20040023822A KR100572989B1 KR 100572989 B1 KR100572989 B1 KR 100572989B1 KR 1020040023822 A KR1020040023822 A KR 1020040023822A KR 20040023822 A KR20040023822 A KR 20040023822A KR 100572989 B1 KR100572989 B1 KR 100572989B1
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line
excavation
scale
displaying
main body
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KR20050098555A (en
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김양균
유정훈
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코오롱건설주식회사
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
    • E21D9/004—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines using light beams for direction or position control
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

발파에 의한 터널굴착시 천공전에 터널막장에 굴착설계선과 굴착선공 공간격 및 굴착선전열공선의 위치를 용이하고 정확하게 표시할 수 있도록 된 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법 및 장치를 제공하기 위하여, 터널막장 후방 일정한 지점에서 광파기를 이용하여 기존의 반사경 대신 고안된 마킹자의 좌측, 중앙, 우측에 부착된 3개의 반사타겟을 측량하여 굴착설계선의 위치를 표시하고 서로 연결하는 단계; 표시된 굴착설계선 상에서 마킹자에 표시된 눈금을 이용하여 암반 상태에 따라서 적절한 간격으로 굴착선공 공간격을 이격시켜 천공위치를 표시하고 마킹자의 하부에 표시된 눈금을 이용하여 굴착선공 최소저항선인 굴착선전열공선의 위치를 표시하는 단계를 포함하는 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법을 제공한다.In order to provide a method and a device for displaying a drilled pattern drilled pattern to easily and accurately display the position of the drilled design, the drilled space spacing and the drilled line in the tunnel before the drilling by tunneling, Displaying a position of an excavation design line by connecting three reflective targets attached to the left, the center, and the right side of the marker designed instead of the conventional reflector at a predetermined point, and connecting them to each other; On the marked excavation design line, use the scale marked on the marking ruler to mark the drilling position by separating the space between the excavation line spaces at appropriate intervals according to the rock condition, and use the scale marked on the lower part of the marking line. The present invention provides a method of displaying a drilled line drilling pattern including the step of displaying a position.

또한 본 발명은, 굴착설계선을 표시하기 위해 상부 양측과 중앙에 광파기 측량이 가능한 반사타겟 및 굴착선공 공간격을 표시하기 위한 간격조절 눈금을 갖는 본체와, 굴착선전열공선을 표시하기 위해 상기 본체의 중앙부에서 직교하는 방향으로 하부 부분을 구성하는 척도를 포함한 굴착설계선 표시장치를 제공한다.In another aspect, the present invention, the main body having a spacing scale to display the reflective target and the excavation line space spacing possible to survey the light wave in the upper and both sides and the center to display the excavation design line, and the main body to display the excavation line An excavation design line display device including a scale constituting a lower portion in a direction orthogonal to a central portion of the present invention is provided.

굴착선공,굴착선전열공,천공패턴,굴착설계선,굴착선전열공선Excavator, Excavator electric line, Drill pattern, Excavation design line, Excavator electric line

Description

굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법 및 장치{METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MARKING DRILLING PATTERNS OF EXCAVATION LAY-OUT}Drilling pattern display method and device for excavation design line {METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MARKING DRILLING PATTERNS OF EXCAVATION LAY-OUT}

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시장치의 정면도.1 is a front view of an excavation design line drilling pattern display device according to the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 굴착선공과 굴착선전열공선 위치를 실질적으로 표시하는 것을 나타내는 터널막장의 단면도.Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel membrane showing substantially indicating the position of the excavated ship hole and the excavated ship heating collinear according to the present invention.

도 3은 종래 기술에 의하여 굴착설계선을 표시하는 것을 나타내는 터널막장의 단면도.Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel curtain showing the excavation design line by the prior art.

본 발명은 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법 및 장치에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 터널굴착시 터널막장에 굴착설계선과 굴착선공 공간격 및 굴착선전열공선의 위치를 용이하고 정확하게 표시할 수 있도록 된 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for displaying a drilling design perforation pattern, and more particularly, an excavation design which enables to easily and accurately display the location of the excavation design line, the excavation line space spacing, and the excavation line heating line at the tunnel membrane during the tunnel excavation. A line punching pattern display method and apparatus are provided.

일반적으로 터널의 굴착에 있어서 주로 이용되는 방법은 발파를 통한 굴착방법이 가장 많이 이용되고 있다. 발파를 이용한 터널 굴착은 먼저, 다수개의 구멍을 소정의 간격과 깊이로 천공하고 여기에 폭약을 장착한 후, 이 폭약을 발파시켜 일 정한 깊이만큼 굴착하는 방식이다.In general, the most commonly used method of excavation of tunnels is the excavation method through blasting. Tunnel excavation using blasting is a method in which a plurality of holes are first drilled at predetermined intervals and depths, and explosives are attached thereto, followed by blasting the explosives to a predetermined depth.

이와 같은 터널공사 공법 중 발파를 이용한 공법을 수행할 때 발파작업을 위해서 터널막장에서 점보드릴(Jumbo drill)로 천공을 하게 되는데, 천공전 반드시 외곽공의 천공을 위해 굴착설계선을 표시(Marking) 한다.When performing the method using the blasting among the tunnel construction methods, the tunneling is performed with a jumbo drill for the blasting work. Marking the excavation design line for the drilling of the outer hole before drilling. do.

굴착설계선의 표시는 설계도에 규정된 선형과 터널 내공단면을 유지하기 위해 천공전 광파기 등의 측량기를 이용하여 터널막장에 굴착범위의 한계를 표시하는 작업이다.The marking of excavation design lines is the task of marking the limits of excavation range at the tunnel face using survey instruments, such as pre-drilling light drills, to maintain the linear and tunnel internal cross sections specified in the blueprint.

이러한 굴착설계선의 표시작업은, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이 장약차량(50)에 높이 및 방향조절 가능하게 설치된 리프트(52)에 탑승한 작업자(54)가 터널내벽의 측정위치에 반사경(56)을 위치시키고, 터널막장 후방의 일정한 지점에서 측량기사가 광파기(60)를 이용하여 반사경(56)의 위치를 측정한다. 이때 광파기(60)와 연결된 컴퓨터(58)에는 터널 내공단면에 대한 치수가 입력되어 있어 막장에 위치하고 있는 반사경(56)의 위치와 터널 내공단면과의 차이를 측량할 수 있으며, 반사경(56)이 굴착설계선상에 놓여 있을때 막장의 작업자(54)는 그 위치를 스프레이 등으로 표시한다.The display work of the excavation design line, as shown in Figure 3, the operator 54, aboard the lift 52 installed in the height 50 and the direction adjustable to the charge vehicle 50, the reflector 56 at the measurement position of the tunnel inner wall Next, the surveyor measures the position of the reflector 56 using the optical wave 60 at a certain point behind the tunnel curtain. In this case, the computer 58 connected to the optical wave 60 is inputted with the dimensions of the tunnel internal air plane, so that the difference between the position of the reflector 56 located in the membrane and the internal air plane of the tunnel can be measured. When placed on the excavation design line, the operator 54 at the end marks the position with a spray or the like.

이러한 방법으로 다음 굴착설계선의 위치를 표시하기 위해서 작업자(54)가 터널내벽에서 적절한 위치에 반사경(56)을 위치시키고, 상기와 같은 방법으로 광파기 측량을 통해 반사경(56)을 이동시켜 설계된 위치와 일치하면 그 부분을 표시한다.In this way, the operator 54 places the reflector 56 at an appropriate position on the inner wall of the tunnel in order to indicate the position of the next excavation design line, and moves the reflector 56 through an optical survey in the manner described above. If it matches, the part is marked.

이렇게 터널 최외곽 천공위치 부분만 일정한 간격으로 반복하여 표시하면서 선으로 연결해 가면 그 부분이 굴착설계선(100)이 된다.Thus, only the outermost drilling position portion of the tunnel is repeatedly displayed at regular intervals and connected to the line is the excavation design line 100.

그러나 이와 같은 종래의 굴착설계선 위치 표시방법은, 작업자가 광파기에 의해 설정된 점과 점사이를 연결한 선의 정확도에 따라 천공시 천공위치 오차가 발생할 수 있으며, 마킹이 조금만 부정확해도 부분적으로 여굴 또는 미굴이 발생하게 된다. 또한 단순히 굴착설계선(100)의 위치만 표시를 했으며, 굴착설계선(100)상의 굴착선공 공간격과 그 내측으로 위치하는 굴착선전열공선의 위치 등은 표시 할 수 없으므로 천공간격 등의 패턴을 천공기사가 인위적인 감각에 의하여 설정할 수밖에 없다.However, in the conventional method of displaying the excavation design line position, the drilling position error may occur when drilling, depending on the accuracy of the line connected between the point set by the operator and the point between the points. Oysters will develop. In addition, only the position of the excavation design line 100 is displayed, and the excavation line space spacing on the excavation design line 100 and the position of the excavation line heating line located in the inside thereof cannot be displayed, so the pattern of the space spacing is drilled. The article must be set up by an artificial sense.

이렇게 되면 천공패턴이 일정하지 않고 불규칙하게 되므로 여굴 증가의 큰 원인이 된다.In this case, the perforation pattern becomes irregular and irregular, which causes a large increase in overbreak.

본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 터널굴착시 터널막장에 굴착설계선과 굴착선공 공간격 및 굴착선전열공선의 위치를 용이하고 정확하게 표시할 수 있도록 된 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법 및 장치를 제공하는데 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, an object of the present invention to easily and accurately display the location of the excavation design line and the excavation line space spacing and the excavation line heating line in the tunnel when the tunnel excavation The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for displaying a drilled pattern drilled line.

본 발명이 제안하는 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법은, 터널막장 후방 일정한 지점에서 터널 내공단면이 입력되어 있는 컴퓨터와 연결된 광파기를 이용하여 기존에 사용하던 반사경 대신 T자형 마킹자의 좌측, 중앙, 우측에 부착된 3개의 반사타겟을 측량하여 굴착설계선의 위치를 표시하고 서로 연결하는 단계;Excavation design line perforation pattern display method proposed by the present invention, by using the optical wave connected to the computer that the tunnel internal end surface is input at a certain point behind the tunnel curtain on the left, center, and right of the T-shaped marker instead of the conventional reflector Surveying three reflective targets to indicate the positions of the excavation design lines and to connect them to each other;

상기 표시된 굴착설계선상을 기준으로 마킹자에 표시된 눈금을 이용하여 암반 상태에 따라서 적절한 간격으로 굴착선공 공간격을 이격시켜 천공위치를 표시하고 마킹자의 하부에 표시된 눈금을 이용하여 굴착선공 최소저항선인 굴착선전열공선 위치를 표시하는 단계를 포함하는 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법을 제공한다.Based on the marked excavation design line, mark the drilling hole space by dividing the excavation ship space space at appropriate intervals according to the rock condition, and mark the drilling position by using the scale shown at the bottom of the marking. Provided is an excavation design line perforation pattern display method comprising the step of displaying the heat transfer collinear position.

또한 본 발명은, 굴착설계선을 표시하기 위해 상부 양측과 중앙에 광파기 측량이 가능한 반사타켓 및 굴착선공 공간격을 표시하기 위한 간격조절 눈금을 갖는 본체와, 굴착선전열공선을 표시하기 위해 상기 본체의 중앙부에서 직교하는 방향으로 하부 부분을 구성하는 척도를 포함한 굴착설계선 표시장치를 제공한다.In addition, the present invention, the main body having a spacing scale for displaying the excavation target and the excavation ship space spacing capable of surveying light in the upper both sides and the center to display the excavation design line, and the main body to display the excavation line heating line An excavation design line display device including a scale constituting a lower portion in a direction orthogonal to a central portion of the present invention is provided.

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 더욱 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시장치의 정면도로서, 본 발명의 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시장치는, 굴착설계선을 표시하기 위해 상부 양측과 중앙에 광파기 측량이 가능한 반사타켓(2) 및 굴착선공 공간격을 표시하기 위한 간격조절 눈금을 갖는 본체(4)와, 상기 본체(4)의 중앙부에서 직교하는 방향으로 하부 부분을 구성하는 척도(6)로 구성된다.1 is a front view of an excavation design line drilling pattern display device according to the present invention, the excavation design line drilling pattern display device of the present invention, the reflection target (2) that can be surveyed on the upper side and the center to display the excavation design line (2) ) And a main body 4 having a spacing scale for displaying the excavation line space spacing, and a scale 6 constituting the lower part in a direction orthogonal to the center of the main body 4.

상기 본체(4)와 하부 부분 척도(6)는 "T"자 형상의 마킹(Marking)자 형태로 이루어지며, 이러한 본체(4)와 하부 부분 척도(6)에는 암반의 상태에 따라서 적절한 간격으로 굴착선공 공간격 및 굴착선전열공선 위치를 조절하여 표시할 수 있도록 간격조절 눈금(8)(10)이 각각 표시되어 있다.The main body 4 and the lower part scale 6 are formed in the form of a “T” shaped marking. The main body 4 and the lower part scale 6 are arranged at appropriate intervals according to the condition of the rock. The spacing adjustment scales 8 and 10 are respectively displayed to control and display the excavation line space spacing and the excavation line heating collocation position.

상기 타겟(2)은 배면에 접착테이프(미도시)와 같은 것이 제공되어 본체(4)에 고정 접착되어 광파기 등을 이용하여 터널굴착시 가장 외곽부분에 천공되는 굴착설계선의 위치를 찾아 표시할 수 있도록 하여준다.The target 2 is provided with an adhesive tape (not shown) on the rear surface and fixedly bonded to the main body 4 so as to find and display the position of the excavation design line which is perforated at the outermost part during the tunnel excavation by using an optical wave. To ensure that

그리고 상기 하부 부분 척도(6)에는 손잡이(12)가 제공되어 표시장치의 사용을 용이하게 할 수 있도록 되어있다.The lower part scale 6 is provided with a handle 12 to facilitate the use of the display device.

도 2는 상기와 같은 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시장치를 이용하여 굴착설계선과 굴착선공 공간격 및 굴착선전열공선 위치를 표시하는 것을 나타내는 터널막장의 단면도로서, 먼저 장약차량(50)에 높이 및 방향조절 가능하게 설치된 리프트(52)에 탑승한 작업자(54)가 터널내벽의 최외곽 부분에 표시장치(마킹자)의 손잡이(12)를 잡아 위치시키고, 이 표시장치의 좌측, 중앙, 우측에 부착된 3개의 반사타겟(2)을 이용하여 터널막장 후방의 일정한 지점에서 컴퓨터(58)와 연결된 광파기(60) 측량을 통해 컴퓨터(58)에 저장된 설계된 위치와 일치하면 그 부분을 스프레이 등으로 하나의 굴착설계선 위치를 표시한다. 이후 다음 굴착설계선 위치를 표시하기 위해서 막장의 작업자는 상기 타겟(2)을 첫 번째 굴착설계선 위치와 인접된 그 다음 굴착설계선 위치로 이동시켜 광파기 측량을 통해서 정확한 위치를 찾아 표시한 후, 그 이전 굴착설계선 위치를 서로 연결한다(도 2a 참조).FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel membrane showing the excavation design line, the excavation line space spacing, and the excavation line heat transfer collinear position using the drilling design line drilling pattern display device as described above. The operator 54 on the adjustable lift 52 holds the handle 12 of the display device (marker) at the outermost part of the tunnel inner wall and attaches it to the left, center, and right sides of the display device. Using the three reflective targets 2, the laser beam 60 is connected to the computer 58 at a certain point behind the tunnel curtain, and then the part is sprayed or the like if it matches the designed position stored in the computer 58. Mark the location of the excavation design line. Then, in order to display the next excavation design line position, the operator of the end moves the target (2) to the next excavation design line position adjacent to the first excavation design line position, and finds and displays the exact position through the conventional drill surveying. The previous excavation line locations are connected to each other (see FIG. 2A).

그리고 상기 표시된 굴착설계선 상에서 표시장치(마킹자)를 위치시키고, 마킹자 본체(4)에 표시된 눈금(8)을 이용하여 터널 최외곽부의 천공부인 굴착선공 공간격을 암반의 등급에 따라서 적절한 간격으로 표시하고, 굴착설계선 내측으로 굴착선공(70)과 소정의 간격, 즉 저항선을 마킹자의 하부 부분 척도(6)에 표시된 눈금(10)을 이용하여 굴착선전열공선(80)을 동시에 표시한다(도 2b 참조).Then, the display device (marker) is positioned on the marked excavation design line, and the space between the excavated ship spaces, which are perforations of the outermost part of the tunnel, is appropriately spaced according to the grade of the rock using the scale 8 displayed on the body of the marker 4. The excavation line 80 and the excavation line 70 and the predetermined interval, that is, resistance lines are simultaneously displayed using the scale 10 indicated on the lower part scale 6 of the marker. (See FIG. 2B).

그리고 상기와 같이 표시된 굴착설계선(100) 및 굴착선전열공선(80) 위치를 계속 연결하면 터널단면의 전체적인 굴착설계선(100)과 굴착선전열공선(200)을 표시할 수 있다.Further, if the excavation design line 100 and the excavation line heating collinear line 80 are continuously connected to each other, the entire excavation design line 100 and the excavation line heating collinear 200 of the tunnel section may be displayed.

상기와 같이 굴착선공(70) 및 굴착선전열공선(200)이 표시되면 점보드릴 등으로 이를 천공하고, 그 내측 중앙부에도 다수개의 중앙부 발파공을 천공한 후, 여기에 폭약을 장착하여 발파시키면 일정한 깊이만큼 터널이 굴착된다.When the excavation line 70 and the excavation line heating line 200 is displayed as described above, perforate it with a dot board reel and the like. As long as the tunnel is excavated.

이상 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명에 의한 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법 및 장치는, 굴착설계선과 굴착선공 및 굴착선전열공선의 천공위치를 표시장치(마킹자)를 이용하여 동시에 정확하게 용이하게 표시할 수 있고, 이러한 것으로 인하여 천공작업의 정확성을 높일 수 있고, 터널발파시 효율적인 발파가 이루어지도록 하여 여굴의 발생을 최소화할 수 있다.As described above, the method and apparatus for displaying a drilling design line drilling pattern according to the present invention can easily and accurately display the drilling positions of the drilling design line, the drilling line hole, and the drilling line heating line using a display device (marker). Due to this, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the drilling work, and to minimize the occurrence of overbreak by making efficient blasting at the time of tunnel blasting.

Claims (2)

터널막장 후방의 일정한 지점에서 터널 내공단면이 입력되어 있는 컴퓨터와 연결된 광파기를 설치하고, 광파 측량 가능하도록 이루어진 반사타겟이 중앙부 및 중앙부 양측으로 형성되면서 상기 반사타겟 사이에 간격조절 눈금이 형성된 본체와 이 본체의 중앙부에서 직교하는 방향으로 연장되며 간격조절 눈금이 형성된 척도로 이루어진 T자 형상의 마킹자를 작업자가 위치이동 가능하도록 터널의 막장에 위치시킨 상태에서, 상기 광파기를 이용하여 상기 마킹자의 반사타겟을 측량하여 컴퓨터에 입력된 데이터인 굴착설계선에 맞도록 터널 막장에 굴착설계선의 위치를 표시하고 서로 연결하는 단계;A main body having a spacing adjustment scale formed between the reflecting targets and having an optical wave connected to a computer into which a tunnel internal cross section is input at a certain point behind the tunnel curtain, and reflecting targets configured to enable light surveying are formed on both sides of the center and the center. The reflective target of the marker is positioned using the optical waver while the T-shaped marker formed on a scale formed with a scale with a spacing adjustment scale is positioned at the membrane of the tunnel so that the operator can move the position. Displaying and connecting the positions of the excavation design lines at the tunnel face to fit the excavation design lines, which are data inputted to the computer by surveying; 상기 표시된 굴착설계선 상을 기준으로 마킹자의 본체에 표시된 간격조절 눈금을 이용하여 암반 상태에 따라서 적절한 간격으로 굴착선공 공간격을 이격시켜 천공위치를 표시하고 마킹자의 척도에 표시된 간격조절 눈금을 이용하여 굴착선공 최소저항선인 굴착선전열공선의 위치를 표시하는 단계;Based on the marked excavation design line, the space adjustment scale marked on the main body of the marker is used to mark the punching position by separating the space intervals of the excavation ship at appropriate intervals according to the rock condition, and to use the space adjustment scale indicated on the scale of the marking. Displaying the position of the excavation line heating line, the excavation line minimum resistance line; 를 포함하는 굴착설계선 천공패턴 표시방법.Drilling pattern line drilling pattern display method comprising a. 굴착설계선을 표시하기 위해 마킹자의 좌측, 중앙, 우측에 광파기 측량이 가능한 반사타겟 및 굴착선공 공간격을 표시하기 위한 간격조절 눈금을 갖는 본체와, 굴착선전열공선을 표시하기 위해 상기 본체의 중앙부에서 직교하는 방향으로 하부 부분을 구성하는 척도를 포함한 굴착설계선 표시장치.Main body of the main body for displaying the excavation design line, the main body having a revolving scale to indicate the excavation target and the excavation line space spacing possible for the optical wave survey on the left, the center, and the right side of the marking Excavation design line display device including a scale constituting the lower part in a direction orthogonal to the.
KR1020040023822A 2004-04-07 2004-04-07 Method and device for marking drilling patterns of excavation lay-out KR100572989B1 (en)

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