JP4419066B2

JP4419066B2 - Measuring method of buried position of receiving pipe

Info

Publication number: JP4419066B2
Application number: JP2004217154A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 重行河野; 晋一西村
Original assignee: Shimizu Corp
Current assignee: Shimizu Corp
Priority date: 2004-07-26
Filing date: 2004-07-26
Publication date: 2010-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-26
Also published as: JP2006038560A

Description

本発明は、長尺先受け工法などのトンネル工事の補助工法において、地山に打設される先受け管の埋設位置を測定する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for measuring a burying position of a tip receiving pipe placed on a natural ground in a tunnel construction auxiliary method such as a long tip receiving method.

山岳トンネル工法において、ロックボルト、吹付コンクリート、鋼製支保工等の通常の支保パターンでは対処できないか、対処することが得策でない場合に、トンネルの安全確保または周辺環境の保全のために、主に地山条件の改善を目的として長尺先受け工法などの補助工法が実施されることがある。この補助工法において打設される先受け管の長さは一般的に１２ｍ程度であるが、先受け管をさらに長くすることにより、より先受け効果が期待できる。
しかし、現状では、先受け管打設時に先受け管の埋設位置を検出できないため、先受け管が長ければ長いほど、先受け管先端部の打設精度が悪くなり、先受け効果が低下する。そのため、先受け管の口元後方にトランシットを設置して先受け管の埋設位置を検出すればよいのだが、先受け管の口元近くには削岩機があり、先受け管の口元と削岩機との間隔は２ｍ程度しかなく、トランシットを設置するための充分なスペースが確保できないという問題がある。
これに対して、特許文献１では、先端部に掘削ビットを有する内管にジャイロスコープを装着し、その姿勢検出信号と挿入量から掘削位置をリアルタイムで測定する方法が開示されている。
特開２００２−３７１７８０号公報（第２−４頁、第１−３図） In the mountain tunnel construction method, when the usual support pattern such as rock bolt, shotcrete, steel support, etc. cannot be coped with or it is not advisable, it is mainly used for ensuring the safety of the tunnel or preserving the surrounding environment. Auxiliary construction methods such as the long tip receiving method may be implemented for the purpose of improving natural ground conditions. The length of the receiving tube that is cast in this auxiliary construction method is generally about 12 m, but a further receiving effect can be expected by making the receiving tube longer.
However, under the present circumstances, since the embedded position of the receiving tube cannot be detected when the receiving tube is placed, the longer the receiving tube, the worse the placement accuracy of the tip of the receiving tube, and the receiving effect decreases. . Therefore, it is only necessary to install a transit behind the tip of the receiving pipe to detect the burying position of the receiving pipe, but there is a rock drill near the mouth of the receiving pipe. The distance from the machine is only about 2 m, and there is a problem that a sufficient space for installing the transit cannot be secured.
On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a gyroscope is attached to an inner pipe having a drilling bit at the tip, and the drilling position is measured in real time from the posture detection signal and the amount of insertion.
JP 2002-371780 (page 2-4, Fig. 1-3)

しかしながら、長尺先受け工法などの補助工法では、一般に先受け管は回転打撃式（ロータリーパーカッション）で打設されるため、振動が大きく、掘削ビットを有する内管にジャイロスコープを装着した場合、ジャイロスコープが振動により故障してしまうおそれがある。また、先受け管の径も１００ｍｍ以下と小さく、ジャイロスコープを先受け管に挿入することが難しいという問題もある。 However, in the auxiliary method such as the long tip receiving method, the tip receiving tube is generally driven by a rotary percussion type, so that the vibration is large, and when the gyroscope is attached to the inner tube having the excavation bit, The gyroscope may be damaged by vibration. Further, the diameter of the receiving tube is as small as 100 mm or less, and there is a problem that it is difficult to insert the gyroscope into the receiving tube.

本発明は、上述する問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、簡便にしかも高い精度で先受け管の埋設位置を測定することができる実用的な方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a practical method capable of measuring the burying position of the receiving tube easily and with high accuracy.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る先受け管の埋設位置測定方法では、地山に打設される先受け管の埋設位置を測定する方法であって、後端部にレーザー発光部を有する測定器を、地山に打設された先受け管内に挿入した後、前記レーザー発光部より出射されるレーザー光を、前記先受け管の口元および当該口元から所定距離離れた位置にそれぞれ設置された投影板で受光し、前記各投影板上に投影された受光点を、既知点に設置された測距儀により測定し、前記受光点の位置座標から算出される前記レーザー光の方向と、前記測定器の前記先受け管の口元からの挿入深度から前記先受け管の埋設位置を検出することを特徴とする。
本発明では、地山に打設された先受け管内に測定器を挿入した後、当該測定器から出射されるレーザー光を、先受け管の口元および当該口元から所定距離離れた位置にそれぞれ設置した投影板で受光し、各投影板上に投影された受光点を、既知点に設置された測距儀により測定する。そのため、２ｍ程度の間隔しかない先受け管の口元と削岩機との間には投影板を設置するだけでよい。そして、安全な地点に測距儀を設置して、投影板上に投影された受光点を測定し、受光点の３次元座標からレーザー光の方向、即ち、測定器が停止している箇所における先受け管の方向を算出することができる。また、先受け管の口元から測定器までの深度（距離）はメジャー等を用いて知ることができる。 In order to achieve the above object, the method for measuring the buried position of the receiving tube according to the present invention is a method for measuring the embedded position of the receiving tube placed in a natural ground, and includes a laser emitting portion at the rear end. After inserting the measuring instrument into the receiving tube placed in the ground, the laser beam emitted from the laser emitting part is installed at the mouth of the receiving tube and at a predetermined distance from the mouth, respectively. The light receiving points received by the projected plates and projected on the respective projection plates are measured by a distance measuring instrument installed at a known point, and the direction of the laser light calculated from the position coordinates of the light receiving points and The embedded position of the receiving tube is detected from the insertion depth of the measuring device from the mouth of the receiving tube.
In the present invention, after inserting a measuring device into a receiving tube placed in a natural ground, the laser beam emitted from the measuring device is installed at a position at a predetermined distance from the mouth of the receiving tube and the mouth. The light receiving points received on the projected plates and projected onto the respective projection plates are measured by a distance measuring instrument installed at a known point. Therefore, it is only necessary to install a projection plate between the mouth of the receiving pipe and the rock drill, which has an interval of only about 2 m. Then, a rangefinder is installed at a safe point, the light receiving point projected on the projection plate is measured, and the direction of the laser beam from the three-dimensional coordinates of the light receiving point, that is, at the point where the measuring device is stopped The direction of the receiving tube can be calculated. Further, the depth (distance) from the mouth of the receiving tube to the measuring device can be known using a measure or the like.

また、本発明に係る本発明に係る先受け管の埋設位置測定方法では、前記測定器に挿入深度を検出する深度検出手段が内蔵されていてもよい。
本発明では、測定器がロータリーエンコーダ等の深度検出手段を内蔵しているので、先受け管の口元から測定器までの深度（距離）を自動的に精確に検出することができる。 In the method for measuring the buried position of the receiving tube according to the present invention, depth measuring means for detecting an insertion depth may be built in the measuring instrument.
In the present invention, since the measuring instrument incorporates depth detection means such as a rotary encoder, the depth (distance) from the mouth of the receiving tube to the measuring instrument can be automatically and accurately detected.

本発明は、地山に打設された先受け管内に測定器を挿入した後、当該測定器から出射されるレーザー光を、先受け管の口元および当該口元から所定距離離れた位置にそれぞれ設置した投影板で受光し、各投影板上に投影された受光点を、既知点に設置された測距儀により測定し、受光点の３次元座標から算出されるレーザー光の方向と、測定器の挿入深度から先受け管の埋設位置を検出するものであり、シンプルな装置を用いて簡便な方法により、高い精度で先受け管の埋設位置を測定することができる。 In the present invention, after inserting a measuring instrument into a receiving tube placed in a natural ground, the laser beam emitted from the measuring device is installed at a position at a predetermined distance from the mouth of the receiving tube and the mouth. The light receiving points received by the projected plates and projected on the respective projection plates are measured by a distance measuring device installed at a known point, and the direction of the laser light calculated from the three-dimensional coordinates of the light receiving points and the measuring device The embedded position of the receiving tube is detected from the insertion depth of the first receiving tube, and the embedded position of the receiving tube can be measured with high accuracy by a simple method using a simple apparatus.

以下、本発明に係る先受け管の埋設位置測定方法について図面に基いて説明する。
先ず、先受け管１を打設する装置について説明する。図１は長尺先受け工法を説明するための概略図である。
長尺先受け工法に使用するドリルジャンボと呼ばれる掘削機３は、水平旋回および俯仰自在なブーム４を備え、ブーム４の先端部には、全長５ｍを超えるガイドセル５を有している。ガイドセル５上には、先受け管１に挿入された削孔ロッド（図示省略）に回転打撃を加える削岩機２が備えられており、削岩機２はガイドセル５に沿って前後に移動できるようになっている。 Hereinafter, a method for measuring an embedded position of a receiving pipe according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, an apparatus for placing the receiving tube 1 will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic view for explaining the long tip receiving method.
The excavator 3 called a drill jumbo used in the long tip receiving method includes a boom 4 that can be swung horizontally and raised, and has a guide cell 5 that has a total length of 5 m at the tip of the boom 4. On the guide cell 5, there is provided a rock drill 2 that applies a rotation hit to a drilling rod (not shown) inserted into the receiving tube 1, and the rock drill 2 is moved back and forth along the guide cell 5. It can be moved.

先受け管１は、所定長さの鋼管を繋ぎ合わせたものであり、周壁には薬液吐出用の孔が複数形成されている。 The tip receiving pipe 1 is formed by joining steel pipes of a predetermined length, and a plurality of holes for discharging a chemical solution are formed on the peripheral wall.

次に、先受け管１の埋設位置を検出するために使用する機器類について説明する。図２は、本発明に係る先受け管の埋設位置測定方法を説明するための概略図である。
先受け管１内に挿入される測定器１０は円柱状であって、外周部にはローラー１２が備えられており、測定器１０に内蔵された駆動装置（図示省略）によって先受け管１内を移動することができる。そして、先受け管１の口元からの移動距離Ｌは、測定器１０に内蔵された図示しないロータリーエンコーダ（深度検出手段）によってローラー１２の回転数から検出することができる。
また、測定器１０は、その後端部にレーザー光１３を出射するための発光部１１を備えている。 Next, equipment used for detecting the embedded position of the receiving pipe 1 will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining a method for measuring the buried position of the receiving pipe according to the present invention.
The measuring instrument 10 inserted into the receiving tube 1 has a cylindrical shape, and is provided with a roller 12 on the outer peripheral portion. The driving device (not shown) built in the measuring device 10 has an inside of the receiving tube 1. Can be moved. The moving distance L from the mouth of the receiving tube 1 can be detected from the number of rotations of the roller 12 by a rotary encoder (depth detecting means) (not shown) built in the measuring instrument 10.
The measuring instrument 10 includes a light emitting unit 11 for emitting a laser beam 13 at the rear end.

先受け管１の口元には、先受け管１の口元を塞ぐように第一投影板１４が取り付けられており、さらに先受け管１の口元と削岩機２との間には、先受け管１の口元から所定距離をおいて第二投影板１５が設置されている。この第一投影板１４および第二投影板１５としては、レーザー光１３を透過する材質のものであればよい。 A first projection plate 14 is attached to the mouth of the receiving tube 1 so as to close the mouth of the receiving tube 1, and further, a receiving device is provided between the mouth of the receiving tube 1 and the rock drill 2. A second projection plate 15 is installed at a predetermined distance from the mouth of the tube 1. The first projection plate 14 and the second projection plate 15 may be made of a material that transmits the laser beam 13.

一方、第一投影板１４および第二投影板１５を見渡せる安全な地点には、測距儀１６が設置されており、測距儀１６が設置されている地点の３次元座標は、既知の２点１７、１８からの水平角、鉛直角、および距離を計測することにより得ることができる。
測距儀１６は、ノンプリズム型光波距離計（図示省略）を内蔵しており、測定点に設置された目標物に対してレーザー光を照射し、当該目標物からの反射光を受光して目標物までの距離を測定することができる。 On the other hand, a distance measuring probe 16 is installed at a safe point overlooking the first projection plate 14 and the second projection plate 15, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the point where the distance measuring probe 16 is installed are known 2. It can be obtained by measuring the horizontal angle, the vertical angle, and the distance from the points 17 and 18.
The range finder 16 has a built-in non-prism type light wave distance meter (not shown), irradiates a target placed at a measurement point with laser light, and receives reflected light from the target. The distance to the target can be measured.

次に、上記の機器類を用いて先受け管１の埋設位置を測定する方法について具体的に説明する。
先ず、地山Ｇに打設された先受け管１内に測定器１０を挿入し、測定器１０に内蔵されたロータリーエンコーダにより、先受け管１の口元からの移動距離Ｌを測定しながら、測定器１０を先受け管１内の所定箇所まで移動させる。そして、測定器１０の後端部に備えられた発光部１１からレーザー光１３を出射させる。
一方、先受け管１の口元に第一投影板１４を取り付けるとともに、先受け管１の口元から所定距離をおいて第二投影板１５を設置しておく。また、第一投影板１４および第二投影板１５を見渡せる安全な地点に測距儀１６を設置しておく。
第一投影板１４および第二投影板１５に投影されたレーザー光１３の受光点１４ａ、１５ａを測距儀１６でそれぞれ視準し、受光点１４ａ、１５ａの位置を測定する。そして、受光点１４ａ、１５ａの３次元座標から、レーザー光１３の方向、即ち、測定器１０が停止している箇所における先受け管１の方向を算出する。また、測定器１０が停止している位置は、ロータリーエンコーダから判明している。 Next, a method for measuring the embedded position of the first receiving tube 1 using the above-described devices will be specifically described.
First, the measuring instrument 10 is inserted into the receiving tube 1 placed in the natural ground G, and while measuring the moving distance L from the mouth of the receiving tube 1 with the rotary encoder built in the measuring device 10, The measuring device 10 is moved to a predetermined location in the receiving tube 1. Then, the laser beam 13 is emitted from the light emitting unit 11 provided at the rear end of the measuring instrument 10.
On the other hand, the first projection plate 14 is attached to the mouth of the receiving tube 1, and the second projection plate 15 is installed at a predetermined distance from the mouth of the receiving tube 1. In addition, a range finder 16 is installed at a safe point overlooking the first projection plate 14 and the second projection plate 15.
The light receiving points 14a and 15a of the laser beam 13 projected on the first projection plate 14 and the second projection plate 15 are collimated by the distance measuring probe 16, and the positions of the light receiving points 14a and 15a are measured. Then, from the three-dimensional coordinates of the light receiving points 14a and 15a, the direction of the laser beam 13, that is, the direction of the receiving tube 1 at the place where the measuring instrument 10 is stopped is calculated. Further, the position where the measuring instrument 10 is stopped is known from the rotary encoder.

以下、先受け管１を継ぎ足すごとに上記手順を繰返し、先受け管１の埋設位置を測定すればよい。あるいは、ある程度まで先受け管１を打設し終わった後に、先受け管１の埋設位置を測定してもよい。 Hereinafter, the above procedure may be repeated each time the receiving tube 1 is added, and the embedded position of the receiving tube 1 may be measured. Alternatively, after the receiving tube 1 has been driven to a certain extent, the embedded position of the receiving tube 1 may be measured.

本実施形態による先受け管の埋設位置測定方法では、地山Ｇに打設された先受け管１内に測定器１０を挿入した後、測定器１０から出射されるレーザー光１３を、先受け管１の口元および当該口元から所定距離離れた位置にそれぞれ設置した第一投影板１４および第二投影板１５で受光し、各投影板１４、１５上に投影されたレーザー光の受光点１４ａ、１５ａを、既知点に設置された測距儀１６により測定する。そのため、わずかな間隔しかない先受け管１の口元と削岩機２との間には第一投影板１４および第二投影板１５を設置するだけでよい。そして、安全な地点に測距儀１６を設置して、第一投影板１４および第二投影板１５上に投影された受光点１４ａ、１５の３次元座標から、レーザー光１３の方向、即ち、測定器１０が停止している箇所における先受け管１の方向が算出される。また、測定器１０がロータリーエンコーダを内蔵しているので、先受け管１の口元から測定器１０までの移動距離Ｌは自動的に検出される。 In the method for measuring the embedded position of the receiving tube according to the present embodiment, after the measuring device 10 is inserted into the receiving tube 1 placed in the natural ground G, the laser beam 13 emitted from the measuring device 10 is received in advance. The first projection plate 14 and the second projection plate 15 installed at the mouth of the tube 1 and at a position away from the mouth by a predetermined distance, respectively, and the light receiving points 14a of the laser light projected on the projection plates 14, 15, 15a is measured by the rangefinder 16 installed at a known point. Therefore, it is only necessary to install the first projection plate 14 and the second projection plate 15 between the mouth of the leading pipe 1 and the rock drill 2 which have a slight gap. Then, the rangefinder 16 is installed at a safe point, and from the three-dimensional coordinates of the light receiving points 14a and 15 projected on the first projection plate 14 and the second projection plate 15, the direction of the laser beam 13, that is, The direction of the receiving tube 1 at the place where the measuring device 10 is stopped is calculated. Further, since the measuring instrument 10 has a built-in rotary encoder, the moving distance L from the mouth of the receiving tube 1 to the measuring instrument 10 is automatically detected.

以上、本発明に係る先受け管の埋設位置測定方法について説明したが、本発明は上記の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。例えば、先受け管の口元から測定器までの移動距離は、メジャー等で計ってもよい。また、投影板にしても、一枚の投影板を移動させれば、第一投影板と第二投影板を兼ねることができる。要は、本発明において所期の機能が得られればよいのである。 Although the method for measuring the buried position of the receiving pipe according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the moving distance from the mouth of the receiving tube to the measuring device may be measured with a measure or the like. Moreover, even if it is a projection plate, if one projection plate is moved, it can serve as a 1st projection plate and a 2nd projection plate. The point is that the desired function can be obtained in the present invention.

長尺先受け工法を説明するための概略図である。It is the schematic for demonstrating a elongate tip receiving construction method. 本発明に係る先受け管の埋設位置測定方法を説明するための概略図である。It is the schematic for demonstrating the embedding position measuring method of the receiving pipe which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

１先受け管
２削岩機
３掘削機
１０測定器
１１発光部
１３レーザー光
１４第一投影板
１５第二投影板
１６測距儀
Ｇ地山 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lead pipe 2 Rock drill 3 Excavator 10 Measuring instrument 11 Light emission part 13 Laser beam 14 1st projection board 15 2nd projection board 16 Ranging sphere G Ground mountain

Claims

A method for measuring the burying position of a receiving pipe placed in a natural ground,
After inserting a measuring instrument having a laser emission part at the rear end into a receiving tube placed in a natural ground,
The laser light emitted from the laser light emitting unit is received by a projection plate installed at a predetermined distance from the mouth of the receiving tube and the mouth,
The light receiving point projected on each projection plate is measured by a distance measuring instrument installed at a known point,
A receiving tube that detects the embedded position of the receiving tube from the direction of the laser light calculated from the position coordinates of the light receiving point and the insertion depth of the measuring device from the mouth of the receiving tube. Method for measuring the buried position of

The depth measuring means for detecting an insertion depth is built in the measuring instrument, The embedded position measuring method of the receiving pipe according to claim 1 characterized by things.