JPH07197767A - Drilling angle setting method for drilling machine and drilling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily and accurately set an insertion angle for a drilling machine rod body having a bit mounted on the forward end thereof, so as to suit a planned tunnel excavation direction along the external surface of a tunnel facing plane. CONSTITUTION:A laser beam oscillator 3 is laid behind a tunnel 2, and a laser beam 11 is emitted from the oscillator 3 toward the external surface of a facing plane 1. After the forward end bit 8a of the rod body 8 of a drilling machine 4 is aligned with the emission point of the oscillator 3, the rear end of a drilling machine 4 is turned and moved to the laser beam 11 with the point used as a support point. Then, a target 9 erected on the rear end of the machine 4 receives the laser beam 11 and the slewing motion of the machine 4 is adjusted, so as to keep the beam receiving point of the target 9 at the preset position, thereby setting the prescribed insertion angle.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention sets a drilling angle of a drilling machine for drilling a tunnel face to form a hole or a slot having a predetermined depth at a predetermined cutting angle along the outer circumference of a planned tunnel. It relates to a method and a punching device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When excavating a tunnel by a blasting method, first, a drilling machine equipped with a plurality of rods having bits at its tip is used to cut a tunnel face with a predetermined depth along an outer circumference of a planned tunnel. It is possible to excavate a tunnel part of a predetermined length by forming a slot, forming a large number of blast holes in the face face surrounded by the slot, and then charging and blasting the blast hole. Has been done.

In the slot or hole drilled as described above, when the slot or hole is drilled along the outer circumference of the planned tunnel, the rod body of the drilling machine is inclined obliquely outward as it goes toward the tip. That is, it is set so as to have a predetermined insertion angle (perforation angle). If this cutting angle is small, the drilling machine will come into contact with the rock mass of the previously excavated tunnel during the next drilling, making it difficult to drill along the outer circumference of the planned tunnel.If the cutting angle is large, the drilling will be performed after the drilling. The lining contract will be thicker than necessary, which is uneconomical.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, conventionally, a rod tip bit of a boring machine is first brought into contact with a point marked on the outer circumference of the tunnel, and is fixed along the wall surface of the previously excavated tunnel portion. The member C protruding from the rear end of the punching machine B is brought into contact with the inner surface of the frame-shaped ruler A having a cross-sectional shape to set the insertion angle of the rod body.

[0005]

However, since the frame-shaped ruler is made of steel pipe, it is heavy and difficult to handle.
The larger the cross section of the tunnel, the more difficult it becomes to attach it to the wall surface of the tunnel, and the work efficiency decreases. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems and to provide a drilling angle setting method and a drilling device for a drilling machine that can accurately set the rod insertion angle of the drilling machine even in a curved tunnel portion. It is a thing.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for setting a drilling angle of a drilling machine according to claim 1 of the present invention is such that a laser beam oscillator installed at the rear of a tunnel is used for a planned tunnel of a tunnel face. A laser beam parallel to the tunnel is radiated toward the outer circumference, and the tip point of the rod body of the perforator having a target projecting at the rear end is brought into contact with the irradiation point, and this irradiation point is used as the fulcrum. Move the rear end of the punch to the laser beam side and let the target receive it,
It is characterized in that the punching machine is set to have a predetermined insertion angle from the light receiving point and the contact point of the tip bit.

In the method for setting a drilling angle of a drilling machine according to a second aspect of the invention, a laser beam is emitted from a laser beam oscillator installed at an arbitrary position behind the tunnel toward the outer circumference of the planned tunnel of the tunnel face, and At the irradiation point, after abutting the tip bit of the rod body of the perforator having the target projecting at the rear end, the virtual tunnel cross section on the rear extension line in the perforation direction in the rear at the target distance from the tip bit. It is characterized in that the perforator is set to a predetermined insertion angle by irradiating the outer circumference with a laser beam and matching the target with this laser beam. In the above method, as described in claim 3, the irradiation position of the laser beam is irradiated to the inside of the outer circumference of the tunnel by the distance between the bit and the tip of the guide base, and the tip of the guide base is brought into contact with the irradiation point. I have to.

As a punching device used for carrying out the above method, as described in claim 4, a rear end portion of a moving guide of a punching machine which is arranged on a carriage through a swing boom is directed upward. It has a structure in which a target for receiving a laser beam is provided in a protruding manner.

[0009]

According to the method described in claim 1, since the laser beam is irradiated from the rear of the tunnel toward the outer periphery of the planned tunnel, the rod tip bit of the drilling machine is simply applied to the irradiation point to perform the planning. It can be easily and accurately set in place in the tunnel. From this state, move the rear end of the perforator to the laser beam side with the bit of the perforator as a fulcrum, and let the target projecting at the rear end receive the laser beam, from the tip of the perforator to the mounting part of the target. Since the length of the punch and the distance from the tip of the punch to the light receiving surface of the target are constant, it is possible to easily detect the insert angle of the punch by measuring the distance from the target mounting part to the light receiving point. It is possible to set the measuring angle with high accuracy.

Further, according to the method of claim 2, since the laser beam is irradiated from the arbitrary position behind the tunnel toward the outer periphery of the planned tunnel, the installation work of the laser beam oscillator is facilitated and the above method is used. Similarly, the rod tip bit of the punch can be applied to the irradiation point, and then the laser beam is radiated on the backward extension line of the drilling direction in the rear by the target distance from the tip bit of the punch. By moving the rear end of the perforator with the tip bit as a fulcrum and intersecting the target with this irradiation line, it is possible to easily and accurately set the perforation inclination angle of the perforation machine, that is, the insertion angle and the perforation direction. Is. Further, according to this method, even when excavating a curved tunnel, the drilling machine can be directed in that direction and the pointing angle can be accurately set.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, referring to the drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a laser beam oscillator 3 is installed at an appropriate place in a tunnel 2 already excavated behind a tunnel face 1. Face the laser beam 11 from the oscillator 3 parallel to the tunnel and toward the outer circumference of the planned tunnel.
It is drawing for demonstrating the method of setting the punching machine 4 of a punching apparatus to a predetermined drilling angle by irradiating to. The laser beam oscillator 3 is attached to a horseshoe-shaped guide rail 5 along the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel 2 so that the irradiation port of the laser beam oscillator 3 can be slidably moved in the tunnel length direction. It is fixed to the peripheral wall.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the punching device has a rear end portion of a boom 6a pivotally attached to a front end surface of a carriage 6 which is driven by a caterpillar so as to be vertically and horizontally pivotable.
A central portion of the lower surface of a guide base 7 which is long in the front-rear direction is pivotally attached to the front end of 6a so as to be vertically and horizontally rotatable, and a base 4a of the perforator 4 is slidable back and forth on the guide base 7 by a hydraulic jack. It is arranged. The punching machine 4 is a drifter 4b
The rod body 8 is rotatably and impacted by the base end portion of the pedestal 4a so as to be rotatably supported on the upper surface of the front end of the pedestal 4a, and the rod body 8 is horizontally projected forward in the longitudinal direction of the guide base 7. A bit 8a is detachably attached to the front end of the rod body 8, and a target 9 is provided on the upper surface of the rear end of the guide base 7 so as to project in a direction perpendicular to the guide base 7. The reference numeral 10 designates a guide base fixing device arranged on the lower surface side of the front end of the guide base 7.

The piercing device thus constructed is moved to the vicinity of the face 1, and the rod body 8 of the piercing machine 4 is retracted to the rear end of the guide base 7 integrally with the gantry 4a. The tip bit 8a of the rod body 8 is brought into contact with the irradiation point a of the laser beam 11 which is irradiated from the laser beam oscillator 3 to the perforated portion on the outer peripheral portion of the face 1. The movement of the punching machine 4 is carried out by turning and rotating the boom 6a of the carriage 6 and the guide base 7 in the vertical and horizontal directions by a hydraulic jack, but the tip bit 8a of the rod body 8 is moved to the outer peripheral portion of the face 1. Even when the laser beam irradiation point a is applied, the advancing direction of the rod body 8 parallel to the guide base 7 is indefinite with respect to the drilling direction for excavating the planned tunnel.

Therefore, the perforation direction and perforation angle, that is, the insertion angle .theta., Are set by positioning the rear end target 9 of the perforator 4 in the laser beam 11. That is, with the tip bit 8a in contact with the irradiation point a of the laser beam 11, the rear end of the guide base 7 is moved around the irradiation point a as a fulcrum, and the target 9 receives the laser beam 11.

In this light receiving state, as shown in FIG. 4, the distance from the tip of the bit 8a to the target 9 is constant and its dimension is L, and the vertical height of the target 9 up to the point b at which the target 9 receives light. Let H be H = L
tan θ. On the other hand, on the wall surface of the tunnel 2, the step h of the wall surface portion 2b in the tunnel radial direction with respect to the wall surface portion 2a in the tunnel length direction that has already been excavated at the predetermined insertion angle θ.
As shown in FIG. 1, if a light receiving point of the target 9 is provided at a point where the value of the height H is equal to the dimension of h, a predetermined measuring angle θ can be obtained.

The operator of the punching device operates the direction and position of the guide base 7 of the punching machine 4 while watching the display surface electrically connected to the target 9 at the light receiving point of the target 9, or The direction and position of the guide base 7 of the punching machine 4 are automatically controlled by a control device electrically connected so that the drilling machine 4 has a predetermined cutting angle, and the rod body 8 of the punching machine 4 is rotated and hit by the cutting angle. On the other hand, the gantry 4a is moved forward to form the slot or hole 12 by the bit 8a to a predetermined depth.

After drilling the slot or hole 12, the punching machine 4 is retracted, the laser beam oscillator 3 is moved along the guide frame 5 by a predetermined distance, and a laser parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 2 is again located at that position. The face 11 is irradiated with the light beam 11, the slot angle or the hole is set at the irradiation point in the same manner as described above, and the slots or holes are formed, and this work is performed at predetermined intervals along the outer circumference of the planned tunnel. is there.

In the above method, the laser beam 11 is applied parallel to the length direction of the tunnel 2,
Even if it can be used for excavating a straight tunnel, it is difficult to adopt it for excavating a curved tunnel, and moreover, it requires an accurate guide rail along the tunnel wall surface.
Next, a slot or hole drilling method applicable to excavation of a planned curved tunnel without using such a guide rail will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

The laser beam oscillator 3 is installed on the total station 14 together with the range finder 13, and these are computer systems including a calculator which stores the size and dimensions of the planned line and the planned cross-sectional shape of the tunnel 2 in advance. Is electrically connected to the control device 15 consisting of. The total station 14 is supported by an appropriate transfer supporting means together with the control device 15 so as to be vertically and horizontally movable and can be conveyed in the tunnel direction. The laser beam oscillator 3 instructs the tunnel face to be cut by the control device 15. 1
The laser beam 11 is radiated in a spot shape or continuously to the position.

First, the total station 14 is installed at an arbitrary position in the tunnel 2, the coordinate value of the total station 14 is obtained and input to the control device 15, and the distance meter 13 measures the distance from the total station 14 to the face 1. Input to the control device 15. Since the planned line and the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel 2 are input to the control device 15 in advance, the control device 15 controls the laser beam oscillator based on the numerical values of the coordinate value (position) in the tunnel and the distance from the face 1. 3 calculates the elevation, depression angle, and turning angle of the laser beam oscillator 3 for irradiating the outer periphery of the face 1 to be perforated.

Based on the calculated value, the laser beam oscillator 3 is caused to output the laser beam oscillator 3 so that the elevation, depression, and turning operations of the laser beam oscillator 3 are continuously performed at the same time to direct the laser beam 11 in the set direction.
The face 1 is irradiated with and the outer peripheral line of the tunnel is drawn. Then, the boring machine 4 of the boring device used in the above method is advanced to a proper position on the line of the laser beam 11 with which the face face 1 is irradiated, and the tip bit 8a of the rod body 8 is applied. At this time, the punching machine 4
Is retracted to the rear end of the guide base 7 integrally with the base 4a.

Next, according to the distance L from the bit 8a of the punching machine 4 to the target 9 and the desired insertion angle θ, the punching machine 4 is
After calculating the distance (step) h between the outer wall surface of the tunnel 2 and the target 9 from the distance L1 from the face 1 to the target 9 when the is installed at a predetermined angle by the controller 15, the face face is calculated from this calculated value. A total station 14 for irradiating a virtual tunnel section inside the tunnel by a distance h behind the planned section and a distance h from the planned section.
The elevation, depression angle and turning angle of the (laser beam oscillator 3) are calculated by the control device 15, and a command is issued to the total station 14 so that the laser beam oscillator 3 irradiates 16 the outer peripheral line 1'of the virtual tunnel section.

Then, the tip bit 8a of the punching machine 4 is brought into contact with the above-mentioned position, and the punching machine 4 is set with the contact point as a fulcrum.
If the rear end of the guide stand 7 is moved and the irradiation line 16 of the laser beam for irradiating the virtual tunnel cross section to the predetermined position of the target 9 is received, the boring direction of the boring machine 4, that is,
The rod body 8 having the bit 8a mounted at its tip can be set at a predetermined insertion angle.

In this way, when the insertion angle of the boring machine 4 is set, a slot or hole 12 of a desired depth is drilled from the outer circumference of the face 1 in the planned tunnel excavation direction while the rod body 8 is being driven to rotate in the same manner as the above method. Is to be set up.

[0025]

As described above, according to the method described in claim 1 of the present invention, the laser beam oscillator installed behind the tunnel irradiates the laser beam parallel to the tunnel toward the outer periphery of the planned tunnel of the tunnel face. Therefore, it is possible to easily and accurately set the rod body tip bit of the drilling machine at a predetermined position of the planned tunnel by merely applying the rod tip bit to the irradiation point. Further, from this state, the rear end of the perforator is moved to the laser beam side with the bit of the perforator as the fulcrum, and the laser beam is received by the target projecting at the rear end of the perforator, so that the light receiving point and the drill tip bit It is possible to easily and accurately set the insertion angle of the punching machine from the abutting point of, and to perform the drilling work accurately and efficiently.

According to the method of claim 2 of the present invention, the laser beam is emitted from the arbitrary position behind the tunnel toward the outer circumference of the face of the planned tunnel, so that the installation work of the laser beam oscillator is simplified. Not only is the work efficiency improved, but the tip bit of the perforator is applied to the irradiation point, and then a virtual tunnel on the extension line in the rear direction of the boring direction behind the tip bit of the perforator by the target distance. Since the laser beam is applied to the outer periphery of the cross section and the target at the rear end of the drilling machine is aligned with this laser beam, even when excavating a curved tunnel, the drilling inclination angle of the drilling machine with respect to the planned line. That is, the insertion angle and the drilling direction can be set easily and accurately.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing a state in which the method of the present invention is being carried out,

FIG. 2 is a front view of a guide rail equipped with a laser beam oscillator,

FIG. 3 is a side view of the punching device,

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an angle setting method,

FIG. 5 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing a state where another method of the present invention is performed.

6 is a simplified vertical cross-sectional side view of a state in which the outer peripheral portion of the virtual tunnel cross-section is irradiated from the state of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a conventional method for setting an insert angle.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 face 2 tunnel 3 laser beam oscillator 4 drilling machine 7 guide stand 8 rod body 8a bit 9 target 11 laser beam

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hiroaki Muranaka, 2-2-2 Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi Okumura-gumi, Inc. (72) Inventor Jiro Okamura 2--2, Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka No. Stock Company Okumura Group (72) Inventor Takamitsu Makita 2-2-2 Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka City Company Limited Okumura Group

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A perforation in which a laser beam oscillator installed behind the tunnel irradiates a laser beam parallel to the tunnel toward the outer periphery of the planned tunnel face and a target is projected at the rear end at the irradiation point. After abutting the tip bit of the rod of the machine, the rear end of the drilling machine is moved to the laser beam side using this irradiation point as a fulcrum to allow the target to receive the light, and the drilling is performed from the light receiving point and the contact point of the tip bit. A drilling angle setting method for a drilling machine, characterized in that the drilling machine is set to have a predetermined insertion angle. 2. A perforation in which a laser beam oscillator installed at an arbitrary position behind the tunnel irradiates a laser beam toward the outer periphery of the planned tunnel of the tunnel face and a target is projected at the rear end at the irradiation point. After abutting the tip bit of the rod body of the machine, a laser beam is applied to the outer periphery of the virtual tunnel cross section on the rear extension line of the drilling direction behind the target bit from the tip bit to align the target with this laser beam. A punching angle setting method for a punching machine, wherein the punching machine is thereby set to a predetermined insertion angle. 3. The perforation according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation position of the laser beam is irradiated to the inside of the outer circumference of the tunnel by the distance between the bit and the tip of the guide stand, and the tip of the guide stand is brought into contact with the irradiation point. How to set the drilling angle of the machine. 4. A punching device, characterized in that a target for receiving a laser beam is projected upward from a rear end portion of a movement guide of a punching machine provided on a trolley via a swing boom.