CN116122818A - A method for locating boreholes in roadway section excavation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a positioning method for tunneling and drilling a tunnel section, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel tunneling. According to the invention, a tunnel section blast hole projection device is adopted, and a through hole corresponding to the blast hole arrangement is obtained by drilling on a projection plate according to the blast hole position of a blast hole arrangement drawing; arranging a projection plate and a laser instrument right in front of a tunnel section, wherein the projection plate is positioned between the tunnel section and the laser instrument, and adjusting the heights and positions of the projection plate and the laser instrument so that the center of the tunnel section, the center of the projection plate and the center of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument are positioned on the same straight line; according to the shadow position of the projection plate on the tunnel section, adjusting the distance between the projection plate and the tunnel section and the distance between the laser instrument and the tunnel section, so that the shadow edge of the projection plate on the tunnel section coincides with the edge of the tunnel section; the laser beam passes through the through hole of the projection plate, a light spot is formed on the tunnel section, the light spot position is the design position of the tunnel section tunneling drilling hole, and the positioning of the tunnel section tunneling drilling hole is realized.

Description

A Method for Positioning Drilling Holes in Roadway Section Excavation

technical field

The invention relates to a drilling positioning method for roadway section excavation, which belongs to the technical field of roadway excavation.

Background technique

Mine roadway excavation is the work of excavating wells, lanes and chambers of various shapes, sections or criss-crossing in rock (soil) layers or mine layers. The excavation process is divided into main process and auxiliary process. The main process is to complete the process of ensuring the progress of the working face directly on the working face, as well as the supporting work in the roadway excavation area. The main process is determined by the nature of the rock that the roadway passes through. When excavating hard rock, the main processes include drilling, charging, blasting, ventilation, safety inspection of the working face, rock loading, and roadway support; the basic processes of excavating soft rock include: excavating rock, rock loading, and supporting. If methods such as pneumatic picks and combined machines are used for excavation, the excavation operation has the characteristics of continuous operation.

With the advancement of science and technology, engineering blasting technology is developing towards the goal of refinement. In particular, the wide application of underground large-diameter deep hole blasting technology in underground metal mines makes the quality of drilling holes play a decisive role in the blasting effect. For deep blastholes, the drilling error of high-strength rock can be controlled within half a meter; but the rock with low strength may deviate by one or two meters. If the position of the blast hole deviates too much from the design requirements, the direction and size of the blast hole resistance line will change, and then the blasting parameters such as hole spacing and row spacing will be changed, resulting in a large number of large blocks and flying stones, which will make the work after blasting difficult. The face is rough.

Most of the existing methods are to determine the drilling position through the staff's subjective experience judgment and the staff's hand-painted to determine the approximate drilling position, in order to avoid the potential safety hazard caused by insufficient blasting drilling accuracy.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems such as large drilling error, long blast hole location arrangement time, and unsatisfactory blasting effect during roadway section excavation, the present invention proposes a roadway section excavation drilling drilling positioning method. The present invention adopts a roadway section blasthole projection device, Through the laser instrument and projection board, the time required for manual hole tracing is reduced; by adjusting the position of the blast hole projection board, the designed blast hole position can be more accurately projected on the section, the drilling position is clear, and the tunneling blasting effect is improved.

A roadway section excavation drilling drilling positioning method, using a roadway section blast hole projection device,

Described roadway section gun hole projecting device comprises projection board 1 and laser instrument 6 that reduce according to the ratio of the edge of roadway section, is provided with through hole 2 on projection board 1, and projection board 1 is positioned between roadway section and laser instrument 6, and laser The laser beam of the instrument 6 passes through the through hole and the edge of the projection board 1 and irradiates on the roadway section;

The method for locating boreholes in tunnel section excavation comprises the following specific steps:

S1. Place the designed blasthole layout drawing on the projection board of the blasthole projection device on the roadway section, and drill holes on the projection board to obtain the through holes corresponding to the blasthole drawing layout according to the blasthole position of the blasthole layout drawing;

S2. Arrange the projection board and the laser instrument of the blast hole projection device on the roadway section in front of the roadway section, the projection board is located between the roadway section and the laser instrument, adjust the height and position of the projection board and the laser instrument, so that the center of the roadway section, The center of the projection plate is on the same straight line as the center of the laser beam emitted by the laser device;

S3. according to the shadow position of the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device in the roadway section, adjust the distance between the projection board of the tunnel section blast hole projection device and the roadway section and the distance between the laser instrument and the roadway section, so that the projection board is in the roadway section. The edge of the shadow coincides with the edge of the roadway section;

S4. The laser beam of the laser instrument of the roadway section blast hole projection device passes through the through hole of the projection plate to form a spot on the roadway section. The spot position is the design position of the roadway section excavation and drilling to realize the positioning of the roadway section excavation drilling.

The projecting device for the tunnel section blast hole also includes a horizontal base 4, a connecting device I3 and a connecting device II7, the bottom ends of the connecting device I3 and the connecting device II7 are slidably arranged on the horizontal base 4, and the top of the connecting device II7 is fixedly provided with an elastic clip Slot 5, the projection board 1 is set on the top of the connection device I3, and the laser instrument 6 is stuck in the elastic card slot 5;

The bottom surface of the horizontal base 4 is smooth and horizontal, and is arranged in front of the section of the roadway by being attached to the horizontal surface.

The connecting device I3 includes a concave chute I and a telescopic support rod 1, the concave chute 1 is slidably arranged on the horizontal base 4, the bottom end of the telescopic support rod I is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the concave chute 1, and the telescopic support rod The top of I is provided with draw-in groove, and the bottom of projection plate 1 is stuck in the draw-in groove.

The connecting device II7 includes a concave chute II and a telescopic support rod II, the concave chute II is slidably arranged on the horizontal base 4, the bottom end of the telescopic support rod II is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the concave chute II, and the elastic slot 5 is fixedly arranged on the top of the telescopic support rod II.

The elastic clamping slot 5 is an arc-shaped slot, and the laser device 6 is clamped in the arc-shaped slot.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention utilizes the roadway section blasthole projection device, and in the roadway excavation and blasting process, can realize using the roadway section blasthole projection device to replace the on-site staff to manually describe the drilling position, and the roadway section blasthole projection device is compared to the working Manual drawing by personnel based on experience can not only save time, but because the drilling layout of the projection board is consistent with the designed blasthole position, the direction and size of the blasthole resistance line will not change, thereby maintaining the blasting distance between holes and row distances. The parameters will not change, and a large number of large blocks and flying stones will not be produced, so that the working surface after blasting will be flat;

(2) The present invention is convenient for accurate projection positioning of the drilling position during roadway excavation, which not only facilitates the on-site operation of the operators, shortens the drilling positioning operation time, but also improves the accuracy of the drilling position and avoids blasting Potential safety hazards caused by insufficient drilling precision can improve the effect of tunneling and blasting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a blast hole projection device in a roadway section;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the projecting device for blast holes in the section of the roadway;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the projecting device for blastholes in the section of the roadway;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the projecting device for blast holes in the section of the roadway;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a laser device;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic slot device;

In the figure, 1-projection board, 2-through hole, 3-connection device I, 4-horizontal base, 5-elastic slot, 6-laser instrument, 7-connection device II.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the content described.

Embodiment 1: A method for locating boreholes in roadway section excavation, adopting a roadway section blasthole projection device (see Figure 1-6), the roadway section blasthole projection device includes a projection board 1 and a laser that are proportionally reduced according to the edge of the roadway section An instrument 6, the projection board 1 is provided with a through hole 2, the projection board 1 is located between the roadway section and the laser device 6, the laser beam of the laser device 6 passes through the through hole and the edge of the projection board 1 and shines on the roadway section;

The roadway cross-section excavation drilling positioning method includes the following specific steps:

S1. Place the designed blasthole layout drawing on the projection board of the blasthole projection device on the roadway section, and drill holes on the projection board to obtain the through holes corresponding to the blasthole drawing layout according to the blasthole position of the blasthole layout drawing;

S2. Arrange the projection board and the laser instrument of the blast hole projection device on the roadway section in front of the roadway section, the projection board is located between the roadway section and the laser instrument, adjust the height and position of the projection board and the laser instrument, so that the center of the roadway section, The center of the projection plate is on the same straight line as the center of the laser beam emitted by the laser device;

S3. according to the shadow position of the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device in the roadway section, adjust the distance between the projection board of the tunnel section blast hole projection device and the roadway section and the distance between the laser instrument and the roadway section, so that the projection board is in the roadway section. The edge of the shadow coincides with the edge of the roadway section;

S4. The laser beam of the laser instrument of the roadway section blast hole projection device passes through the through hole of the projection plate to form a spot on the roadway section. The spot position is the design position of the roadway section excavation and drilling to realize the positioning of the roadway section excavation drilling.

The projecting device for the tunnel section blasthole in this embodiment also includes a horizontal base 4, a connecting device I3 and a connecting device II7, the bottom ends of the connecting device I3 and the connecting device II7 are slidably arranged on the horizontal base 4, and the top end of the connecting device II7 is fixedly provided with an elastic The card slot 5, the projection board 1 is set on the top of the connecting device I3, and the laser instrument 6 is stuck in the elastic card slot 5;

The bottom surface of the horizontal base 4 is smooth and horizontal, and it is arranged in front of the roadway section by fitting with the horizontal surface;

The connection device I3 includes a concave chute I and a telescopic support rod I, the concave chute I is slidably arranged on the horizontal base 4, the bottom end of the telescopic support rod I is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the concave chute I, and the telescopic support rod I The top is provided with a card slot, and the bottom of the projection board 1 is locked in the card slot;

The connection device II7 includes a concave chute II and a telescopic support rod II, the concave chute II is slid on the horizontal base 4, the bottom end of the telescopic support rod II is fixed at the center of the top surface of the concave chute II, and the elastic slot 5 is fixed Set on the top of the telescopic support pole II;

The elastic clamping slot 5 is an arc-shaped slot, and the laser instrument 6 is clamped in the arc-shaped slot.

Example 2: This example is based on the excavation site in the middle section of 285 of the Dahongshan Copper Mine Headquarters, which is the tunnel excavation vertical deep hole cutting blasting; this example adopts the tunnel section blast hole projection device of Example 1; the holes are arranged perpendicular to the tunnel section and the bottom plate Parallel, a total of 47-49 blastholes in the cross-section, with a diameter of 50mm (empty hole 100mm), and a hole depth of 3.2m; there are 13-14 cutting holes in the cutting area, including 4-5 large empty holes and 9 charging holes. drilling construction;

A method for locating boreholes in roadway section excavation, the specific steps are as follows:

S1. Place the designed blasthole layout drawing on the projection board of the tunnel section blasthole projection device, and drill holes on the projection board to obtain through holes corresponding to the blasthole drawing layout according to the blasthole position of the blasthole layout drawing; The diameter of the hole is 5mm, and the projection board is a wooden board with a thickness of 20mm;

S2. Arrange the projection board and the laser instrument of the blast hole projection device on the roadway section in front of the roadway section, and the projection board is located between the roadway section and the laser instrument. By adjusting the placement position of the horizontal base and connecting device I, connecting device II and Adjust the position of the projection board and the laser device, adjust the height of the projection board and the laser device by adjusting the telescopic height of the telescopic support rod I and the telescopic support rod II, so that the center of the roadway section, the center of the projection board and the center of the laser beam emitted by the laser device are located On the same straight line; the horizontal base needs to be placed at an appropriate horizontal position, and the specific horizontal position setting is determined according to the specific conditions of the target roadway excavation section to ensure the stability of the projection device and the construction quality;

S3. According to the shadow position of the projection plate of the tunnel section blasthole projection device on the tunnel section, by sliding the connecting device I and the connecting device II on the horizontal base, to adjust the distance between the projection board of the tunnel section blasthole projection device and the tunnel section and The distance between the laser instrument and the roadway section is such that the shadow edge of the projection plate on the roadway section coincides with the edge of the roadway section;

S4. The laser beam of the laser instrument of the roadway section blast hole projection device passes through the through hole of the projection plate to form a light spot on the roadway section, and the spot position is the design position of the roadway section excavation drilling to realize the positioning of the roadway section excavation drilling; work Personnel mark and locate the emplacement point of the blast hole.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art .

Claims (5)

1. A roadway section driving borehole location method is characterized in that: adopt the roadway section blast hole projection device, The projecting device for the blast hole of the roadway section comprises a projection board (1) and a laser instrument (6) which are proportionally reduced according to the edge of the roadway section. The projection board (1) is provided with a through hole (2), and the projection board (1) is located at Between the roadway section and the laser instrument (6), the laser beam of the laser instrument (6) passes through the through hole and the edge of the projection plate (1) and irradiates on the roadway section; The method for locating boreholes in tunnel section excavation comprises the following specific steps: S1. Place the designed blasthole layout drawing on the projection board of the tunnel section blasthole projection device, and drill holes on the projection board to obtain through holes corresponding to the blasthole layout drawing according to the blasthole position of the blasthole layout drawing; S2. Arrange the projection board and the laser instrument of the blast hole projection device on the roadway section in front of the roadway section, the projection board is located between the roadway section and the laser instrument, adjust the height and position of the projection board and the laser instrument, so that the center of the roadway section, The center of the projection plate is on the same straight line as the center of the laser beam emitted by the laser device; S3. according to the shadow position of the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device in the roadway section, adjust the distance between the projection board of the tunnel section blast hole projection device and the roadway section and the distance between the laser instrument and the roadway section, so that the projection board is in the roadway section. The edge of the shadow coincides with the edge of the roadway section; S4. The laser beam of the laser instrument of the roadway section blast hole projection device passes through the through hole of the projection plate to form a spot on the roadway section. The spot position is the design position of the roadway section excavation and drilling to realize the positioning of the roadway section excavation drilling. 2. according to claim 1 described roadway cross-section excavation boring positioning method, it is characterized in that: step (1) roadway cross-section blasthole projection device also comprises horizontal base (4), connecting device I (3) and connecting device II (7 ), the bottom ends of the connection device I (3) and the connection device II (7) are slidably arranged on the horizontal base (4), the top of the connection device II (7) is fixedly provided with an elastic slot (5), and the projection board (1 ) is arranged on the top of the connecting device I (3), and the laser instrument (6) is clamped in the elastic slot (5). 3. according to the said roadway cross-section excavation drilling positioning method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: connecting device I (3) comprises concave chute I and telescopic support rod I, and concave chute I is slidably located on the horizontal base (4) , the bottom of the telescopic support rod 1 is fixedly arranged on the center of the top surface of the concave chute 1, the top of the telescopic support rod 1 is provided with a draw-in groove, and the bottom of the projection plate (1) is clamped in the draw-in groove. 4. According to claim 2, the roadway cross-section excavation and drilling positioning method is characterized in that: the connecting device II (7) includes a concave chute II and a telescopic support rod II, and the concave chute II is slidingly arranged on the horizontal base (4) , the bottom end of the telescopic support rod II is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the concave chute II, and the elastic card slot (5) is fixedly arranged at the top of the telescopic support rod II. 5. The method for locating the tunnel section excavation and drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: the elastic clamping groove (5) is an arc-shaped clamping groove.

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