CN116122818A - Positioning method for tunnel section tunneling and drilling - Google Patents
Positioning method for tunnel section tunneling and drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN116122818A CN116122818A CN202211232977.7A CN202211232977A CN116122818A CN 116122818 A CN116122818 A CN 116122818A CN 202211232977 A CN202211232977 A CN 202211232977A CN 116122818 A CN116122818 A CN 116122818A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a positioning method for tunneling and drilling a tunnel section, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel tunneling. According to the invention, a tunnel section blast hole projection device is adopted, and a through hole corresponding to the blast hole arrangement is obtained by drilling on a projection plate according to the blast hole position of a blast hole arrangement drawing; arranging a projection plate and a laser instrument right in front of a tunnel section, wherein the projection plate is positioned between the tunnel section and the laser instrument, and adjusting the heights and positions of the projection plate and the laser instrument so that the center of the tunnel section, the center of the projection plate and the center of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument are positioned on the same straight line; according to the shadow position of the projection plate on the tunnel section, adjusting the distance between the projection plate and the tunnel section and the distance between the laser instrument and the tunnel section, so that the shadow edge of the projection plate on the tunnel section coincides with the edge of the tunnel section; the laser beam passes through the through hole of the projection plate, a light spot is formed on the tunnel section, the light spot position is the design position of the tunnel section tunneling drilling hole, and the positioning of the tunnel section tunneling drilling hole is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a positioning method for tunneling and drilling a tunnel section, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel tunneling.
Background
Mine tunnel excavation is the work of excavating wells, tunnels and chambers with various shapes, sections or criss-cross in a rock (soil) layer or a mineral layer. The tunneling process is divided into a main process and an auxiliary process. The main working procedures are the working procedures of directly finishing the progress of the working face on the working face and the supporting operation carried out in the tunnel tunneling area. The main process is determined by the nature of the rock through which the roadway passes. When tunneling hard rock, the main working procedures comprise drilling, charging, blasting, ventilation and safety inspection of working face, rock loading and roadway support; the basic working procedures of tunneling soft rock are as follows: digging rock, loading rock and supporting. If the method such as the pneumatic pick and the combined machine is adopted for digging, the digging operation has the characteristic of continuous operation.
With the progress of scientific technology, engineering blasting technology is advancing toward a refinement target. In particular, the underground large-diameter deep hole blasting technology is widely applied to underground metal mines, so that the quality of drilling holes plays a decisive role in blasting effect. For deep blastholes, the rock drilling error with high strength can be controlled within half a meter; but a low strength rock may deviate by one or two meters. If the position of the blast hole deviates too much from the design requirement, the direction and the size of a blast hole resistance line can be changed, and then the blasting parameters such as hole pitch, row pitch and the like are changed, so that a large amount of large blocks and flying stones are generated, and the blasted working surface is rugged.
Most of the existing means are to determine the approximate drilling position by judging and determining the drilling position through subjective experience of a worker and manually drawing the drilling position by the worker, so that potential safety hazards caused by insufficient blasting drilling precision are avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of larger drilling error, long blast hole position arrangement time, unsatisfactory blasting effect and the like during tunnel section tunneling, the invention provides a tunnel section tunneling drilling positioning method, which adopts a tunnel section blast hole projection device, and reduces the time required by manual hole drawing through a laser instrument and a projection plate; the position of the blast hole projection plate is adjusted, the designed blast hole position can be projected onto the section more accurately, the drilling position is clear, and the tunneling blasting effect is improved.
A positioning method for tunnel section tunneling and drilling adopts a tunnel section blast hole projection device,
the projection device for the blast holes of the tunnel cross section comprises a projection plate 1 and a laser instrument 6, wherein the projection plate 1 and the laser instrument 6 are reduced in an equal proportion according to the edge of the tunnel cross section, a through hole 2 is formed in the projection plate 1, the projection plate 1 is positioned between the tunnel cross section and the laser instrument 6, and laser beams of the laser instrument 6 penetrate through the through hole and the edge of the projection plate 1 and irradiate on the tunnel cross section;
the positioning method for the tunnel section tunneling drilling comprises the following specific steps:
s1, placing a designed blast hole arrangement drawing on a projection plate of a tunnel section blast hole projection device, and drilling holes on the projection plate according to the blast hole positions of the blast hole arrangement drawing to obtain through holes corresponding to the blast hole drawing arrangement;
s2, arranging a projection plate and a laser instrument of the tunnel section blast hole projection device right in front of the tunnel section, wherein the projection plate is positioned between the tunnel section and the laser instrument, and adjusting the heights and positions of the projection plate and the laser instrument to enable the center of the tunnel section, the center of the projection plate and the center of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument to be positioned on the same straight line;
s3, adjusting the distance between the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device and the tunnel section and the distance between the laser instrument and the tunnel section according to the shadow position of the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device on the tunnel section, so that the shadow edge of the projection plate on the tunnel section coincides with the edge of the tunnel section;
s4, laser beams of a laser instrument of the tunnel section blast hole projection device penetrate through the through hole of the projection plate, light spots are formed on the tunnel section, the light spot positions are designed positions of tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes, and positioning of the tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes is achieved.
The projection device for the blast holes on the tunnel cross section further comprises a horizontal base 4, a connecting device I3 and a connecting device II7, wherein the bottom ends of the connecting device I3 and the connecting device II7 are slidably arranged on the horizontal base 4, an elastic clamping groove 5 is fixedly formed in the top end of the connecting device II7, the projection plate 1 is arranged at the top end of the connecting device I3, and the laser instrument 6 is clamped in the elastic clamping groove 5;
the bottom surface of the horizontal base 4 is smooth and horizontal, and is arranged in front of the roadway section through being attached to the horizontal plane.
The connecting device I3 comprises a concave chute I and a telescopic supporting rod I, the concave chute I is slidably arranged on the horizontal base 4, the bottom end of the telescopic supporting rod I is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the concave chute I, the top end of the telescopic supporting rod I is provided with a clamping groove, and the bottom of the projection plate 1 is clamped in the clamping groove.
Connecting device II7 includes concave spout II and flexible bracing piece II, and concave spout II slides and establishes on horizontal base 4, and flexible bracing piece II's bottom mounting sets up at concave spout II's top surface center, and elastic clamping groove 5 is fixed to be set up on flexible bracing piece II's top.
The elastic clamping groove 5 is an arc clamping groove, and the laser instrument 6 is clamped in the arc clamping groove.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the invention, the tunnel section blast hole projection device is utilized, in the tunnel tunneling blasting process, the tunnel section blast hole projection device can be used for manually describing the drilling position instead of on-site workers, compared with the manual description of workers by experience, the tunnel section blast hole projection device not only can save time, but also can not change the direction and the size of a blast hole resistance line due to the fact that the drilling arrangement mode of the projection plate is consistent with the designed blast hole position, further can not change blasting parameters such as hole pitch, row pitch and the like, and can not generate a large amount of large blocks and flying stones, so that the blasted working surface is smooth;
(2) When the tunnel is tunneled, the accurate projection positioning of the drilling position is facilitated, the on-site operation of operators is facilitated, the drilling positioning operation time is shortened, the accuracy of the drilling position is improved, the potential safety hazard caused by insufficient blasting and drilling accuracy is avoided, and the tunneling blasting effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a projection device for a blast hole in a tunnel section;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a tunnel section blasthole projection device;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a tunnel cross-section blasthole projection device;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a tunnel section blast hole projection device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a laser apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an elastic slot device;
in the figure, a 1-projection plate, a 2-through hole, a 3-connecting device I, a 4-horizontal base, a 5-elastic clamping groove, a 6-laser instrument and a 7-connecting device II are shown.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the description.
Example 1: a tunnel section tunneling drilling positioning method adopts a tunnel section blast hole projection device (see figures 1-6), wherein the tunnel section blast hole projection device comprises a projection plate 1 and a laser instrument 6, wherein the projection plate 1 is scaled down in equal proportion according to the edge of a tunnel section, a through hole 2 is formed in the projection plate 1, the projection plate 1 is positioned between the tunnel section and the laser instrument 6, and laser beams of the laser instrument 6 penetrate through the through hole and the edge of the projection plate 1 to irradiate on the tunnel section;
the positioning method for the tunneling and drilling of the tunnel section comprises the following specific steps:
s1, placing a designed blast hole arrangement drawing on a projection plate of a tunnel section blast hole projection device, and drilling holes on the projection plate according to the blast hole positions of the blast hole arrangement drawing to obtain through holes corresponding to the blast hole drawing arrangement;
s2, arranging a projection plate and a laser instrument of the tunnel section blast hole projection device right in front of the tunnel section, wherein the projection plate is positioned between the tunnel section and the laser instrument, and adjusting the heights and positions of the projection plate and the laser instrument to enable the center of the tunnel section, the center of the projection plate and the center of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument to be positioned on the same straight line;
s3, adjusting the distance between the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device and the tunnel section and the distance between the laser instrument and the tunnel section according to the shadow position of the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device on the tunnel section, so that the shadow edge of the projection plate on the tunnel section coincides with the edge of the tunnel section;
s4, laser beams of a laser instrument of the tunnel section blast hole projection device penetrate through the through hole of the projection plate, light spots are formed on the tunnel section, the light spot positions are designed positions of tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes, and positioning of the tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes is achieved.
The projection device for the blast holes on the tunnel section of the embodiment further comprises a horizontal base 4, a connecting device I3 and a connecting device II7, wherein the bottom ends of the connecting device I3 and the connecting device II7 are arranged on the horizontal base 4 in a sliding mode, an elastic clamping groove 5 is fixedly formed in the top end of the connecting device II7, the projection plate 1 is arranged at the top end of the connecting device I3, and the laser instrument 6 is clamped in the elastic clamping groove 5;
the bottom surface of the horizontal base 4 is smooth and horizontal, and is arranged in front of the roadway section by being attached to the horizontal surface;
the connecting device I3 comprises a concave chute I and a telescopic supporting rod I, the concave chute I is arranged on the horizontal base 4 in a sliding way, the bottom end of the telescopic supporting rod I is fixedly arranged in the center of the top surface of the concave chute I, the top end of the telescopic supporting rod I is provided with a clamping groove, and the bottom of the projection plate 1 is clamped in the clamping groove;
the connecting device II7 comprises a concave chute II and a telescopic supporting rod II, the concave chute II is arranged on the horizontal base 4 in a sliding mode, the bottom end of the telescopic supporting rod II is fixedly arranged in the center of the top surface of the concave chute II, and the elastic clamping groove 5 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the telescopic supporting rod II;
the elastic clamping groove 5 is an arc clamping groove, and the laser instrument 6 is clamped in the arc groove.
Example 2: the example is based on the tunneling site in the middle section of the scarlet mountain copper mine local 285, and is used for tunneling vertical deep hole cutting blasting; the example adopts the tunnel section blast hole projection device of the embodiment 1; the distribution holes are perpendicular to the cross section of the roadway and parallel to the bottom plate, the cross section is 47-49 blast holes, the aperture is 50mm (the empty holes are 100 mm), and the hole depth is 3.2m; the total of 13-14 cut holes are arranged in the cut region, wherein 4-5 large holes and 9 charge holes are arranged in the cut region, and drilling construction is performed;
a tunnel section tunneling drilling positioning method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, placing a designed blast hole arrangement drawing on a projection plate of a tunnel section blast hole projection device, and drilling holes on the projection plate according to the blast hole positions of the blast hole arrangement drawing to obtain through holes corresponding to the blast hole drawing arrangement; the diameter of the through hole is 5mm, and the projection plate is a wood plate with the thickness of 20 mm;
s2, arranging a projection plate and a laser instrument of a blast hole projection device on a tunnel section right in front of the tunnel section, wherein the projection plate is positioned between the tunnel section and the laser instrument, the positions of the projection plate and the laser instrument are adjusted by adjusting the placement position of a horizontal base and a connecting device I and a connecting device II, and the heights of the projection plate and the laser instrument are adjusted by adjusting the telescopic heights of a telescopic supporting rod I and a telescopic supporting rod II, so that the center of the tunnel section, the center of the projection plate and the center of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument are positioned on the same straight line; the horizontal base needs to be placed at a proper horizontal position, the specific setting of the horizontal placement position is determined according to the specific condition of the tunneling section of the target roadway, the stability of the projection device is ensured, and the construction quality is ensured;
s3, according to the shadow position of the projection plate of the blast hole projection device on the tunnel section, the distance between the projection plate of the blast hole projection device on the tunnel section and the distance between the laser instrument and the tunnel section are adjusted through the connecting device I and the connecting device II on the sliding horizontal base, so that the shadow edge of the projection plate on the tunnel section coincides with the edge of the tunnel section;
s4, enabling laser beams of a laser instrument of the tunnel section blast hole projection device to penetrate through a through hole of the projection plate, forming light spots on the tunnel section, wherein the light spot positions are designed positions of tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes, and positioning of the tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes is achieved; the staff carries out the locating of the locating marks of the blast hole layout points.
While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A positioning method for tunnel section tunneling and drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopts a projection device of a blast hole on the section of the tunnel,
the projection device for the blast holes of the tunnel cross section comprises a projection plate (1) and a laser instrument (6), wherein the projection plate (1) is reduced in an equal proportion according to the edge of the tunnel cross section, a through hole (2) is formed in the projection plate (1), the projection plate (1) is positioned between the tunnel cross section and the laser instrument (6), and laser beams of the laser instrument (6) penetrate through the through hole and the edge of the projection plate (1) and irradiate on the tunnel cross section;
the positioning method for the tunnel section tunneling drilling comprises the following specific steps:
s1, placing a designed blast hole arrangement drawing on a projection plate of a roadway section blast hole projection device, and drilling holes on the projection plate according to the blast hole positions of the blast hole arrangement drawing to obtain through holes corresponding to the blast hole arrangement drawing;
s2, arranging a projection plate and a laser instrument of the tunnel section blast hole projection device right in front of the tunnel section, wherein the projection plate is positioned between the tunnel section and the laser instrument, and adjusting the heights and positions of the projection plate and the laser instrument to enable the center of the tunnel section, the center of the projection plate and the center of a laser beam emitted by the laser instrument to be positioned on the same straight line;
s3, adjusting the distance between the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device and the tunnel section and the distance between the laser instrument and the tunnel section according to the shadow position of the projection plate of the tunnel section blast hole projection device on the tunnel section, so that the shadow edge of the projection plate on the tunnel section coincides with the edge of the tunnel section;
s4, laser beams of a laser instrument of the tunnel section blast hole projection device penetrate through the through hole of the projection plate, light spots are formed on the tunnel section, the light spot positions are designed positions of tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes, and positioning of the tunnel section tunneling and drilling holes is achieved.
2. The method for locating a tunnel boring borehole according to claim 1, wherein: step (1) tunnel section big gun hole projection arrangement still includes horizontal base (4), connecting device I (3) and connecting device II (7), and the bottom of connecting device I (3) and connecting device II (7) is slided to be established on horizontal base (4), and the top of connecting device II (7) is fixed to be provided with elasticity draw-in groove (5), and projection board (1) set up the top at connecting device I (3), and laser instrument (6) card is established in elasticity draw-in groove (5).
3. The method for locating a tunnel boring borehole according to claim 2, wherein: connecting device I (3) include concave type spout I and flexible bracing piece I, and concave type spout I slides and establishes on horizontal base (4), and flexible bracing piece I's bottom mounting sets up at concave type spout I's top surface center, and flexible bracing piece I's top is provided with the draw-in groove, and the bottom card of projection board (1) is established in the draw-in groove.
4. The method for locating a tunnel boring borehole according to claim 2, wherein: connecting device II (7) include concave type spout II and flexible bracing piece II, and concave type spout II slides and establishes on horizontal base (4), and flexible bracing piece II's bottom mounting sets up at concave type spout II's top surface center, and elastic clamping groove (5) are fixed to be set up on flexible bracing piece II's top.
5. The method for locating a tunnel boring borehole according to claim 4, wherein: the elastic clamping groove (5) is an arc clamping groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211232977.7A CN116122818A (en) | 2022-10-10 | 2022-10-10 | Positioning method for tunnel section tunneling and drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211232977.7A CN116122818A (en) | 2022-10-10 | 2022-10-10 | Positioning method for tunnel section tunneling and drilling |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116122818A true CN116122818A (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211232977.7A Pending CN116122818A (en) | 2022-10-10 | 2022-10-10 | Positioning method for tunnel section tunneling and drilling |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116122818A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-10-10 CN CN202211232977.7A patent/CN116122818A/en active Pending
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