CN111256552A - Pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing extra-large dangerous rock mass - Google Patents
Pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing extra-large dangerous rock mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN111256552A CN111256552A CN202010342722.0A CN202010342722A CN111256552A CN 111256552 A CN111256552 A CN 111256552A CN 202010342722 A CN202010342722 A CN 202010342722A CN 111256552 A CN111256552 A CN 111256552A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
A pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing super-large dangerous rock masses is characterized in that after a drilling machine which is the same as a main blast hole is adopted for hole forming operation of pre-splitting holes, continuous explosives are arranged on bamboo chips, and a non-electric initiation network is utilized for pre-splitting blasting operation, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1) arranging a gradient measuring instrument on a machine arm of the drilling machine; 2) after the working face is cleaned, calibrating and marking the position of each pre-splitting hole along the opening line of the pre-splitting hole; 3) calibrating a directional point in front of the pre-splitting hole according to the principle of 'two points and one line'; 4) repeating the step 3) to determine the positions of a plurality of orientation points; 5) and (5) carrying out pre-splitting hole drilling operation by using a drilling machine. 6) The explosive is bound on the bamboo chips in advance, the bamboo chips bound with the explosive are sent into the pre-cracking holes to finish the explosive filling operation, the non-electric equal-difference millisecond delay detonators are connected with the network, and the non-electric detonating tube is triggered to detonate. By adopting the method, the problem that equipment matched with the YQ-100B type down-the-hole drill is difficult to erect in a complex terrain is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blasting construction of extra-large dangerous rock masses, in particular to a dangerous rock mass drilling angle control construction method.
Background
The retort rock dangerous rock zone in Jinfoshan mountain in Nanchuan area of Chongqing is in a high and steep cliff terrain, dozens of dangerous rock masses are distributed on the cliff, two-stage dangerous rock zones represented by No. 23 and No. 29 dangerous rock masses are mainly provided, the total possible collapse scale of the dangerous rock zone is 593.86 multiplied by 104m3, and the dangerous rock zone is an extra-large dangerous rock zone. The dangerous rock space is semi-cylindrical, the upper part is wide, the lower part is narrow, the middle upper part of the dangerous rock body slightly protrudes towards the outer side of the cliff, the maximum height of the dangerous rock is about 220m, and the dangerous rock and the parent dangerous rock of the trailing edge of the dangerous rock body are completely separated by a through unloading crack. The dangerous rock processing body is positioned on a 90-degree vertical steep slope, the vertical drop height from top to bottom reaches 400m, the processing side slope height is 175m, the processing side slope is divided into 17-grade side slopes, and the dangerous rock processing body descends and excavates step by step.
Blasting by adopting a deep hole step blasting method, blasting trailing edge parent rock, namely setting a 17-grade side slope above the slope ratio of 1:0.4 and ▽ 1650, setting the step height to be 10 m and the berm width to be 3m, blasting by adopting a presplitting blasting method and a deep hole step blasting method, wherein the angle of a presplitting blasting hole is the same as the designed slope angle, the road cannot reach the operation area after the excavation surface descends due to the influence of topography, and drilling equipment descends layer by layer along with the excavation surface.
A common drilling machine for pre-splitting holes is a YQ-100B type down-the-hole drill, and a gang drill support is erected according to the drilling angle and used for controlling the drilling angle. Because the dangerous rock excavation area belongs to mountain mountains, the power supply line is difficult to erect, and the air compressor station cannot be arranged. In order to accelerate the progress and save the cost, the presplitting blasting adopts the same drilling machine with the main blast hole, namely a CM351 high-wind-pressure drilling machine, to replace the traditional YQ-100B type drilling machine to carry out presplitting drilling. Because CM351 drilling machine angle is difficult to control, and the aperture is big in addition, the loaded structure compares traditional presplitting blasting and need carry out experimental adjustment, has further increaseed the presplitting blasting degree of difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a dangerous rock drilling angle control construction method, which can be used for carrying out presplitting blasting hole drilling operation by using a CM351 drilling hole used for the main blast hole drilling action on the premise of accurately and effectively controlling the presplitting blasting hole drilling angle, and solves the problem that equipment matched with a YQ-100B type down-the-hole drill is difficult to erect in a complex terrain.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a pre-splitting blasting construction method for treating super-large dangerous rock mass is characterized by that after the hole-forming operation of pre-splitting hole is implemented by using drilling machine identical to main blast hole, the continuous explosive is set on the bamboo chip, and the non-electric initiation network is used to implement pre-splitting blasting operation.
In a preferred embodiment, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) arranging a gradient measuring instrument on a machine arm of the drilling machine;
2) after an excavator cleans the working face, calibrating and marking the position of each pre-cracked hole along the opening line of the pre-cracked hole, and controlling the hole position;
3) calibrating orientation points 1-2 m in front of the pre-cracked holes according to the principle of 'two points and one line', ensuring the parallelism of each pre-cracked hole on the slope surface, marking, and performing hole direction control;
4) repeating the step 3) to determine the positions of a plurality of orientation points;
5) and driving the drilling machine to the bedrock on one side of the pre-crack, enabling the machine arm of the drilling machine and the pre-crack hole to be located on the same vertical plane, accurately checking the hole angle and the hole direction through a gradient measuring instrument, and performing drilling operation after the hole angle and the hole direction are accurate and error-free.
In a preferable scheme, in the step 2), the hole distance between two adjacent pre-splitting holes is 1.0m, and the error is not more than +/-10 cm.
In the preferable scheme, in the step 5), the hole depth of the pre-splitting blast hole is strictly controlled, for the phenomena of hole blocking and hole blocking, a gun rod is adopted for tamping through or a high-pressure air pipe is used for blowing through, and after the hole drilling is completed, the hole opening is blocked by utilizing a packaging bag for kneading.
In a preferred scheme, the explosive loading operation is carried out after the step 5) is finished.
In the preferred scheme, the explosive is bound on the bamboo chips in advance, and the bamboo chips bound with the explosive are sent into the pre-cracking holes to finish the explosive loading operation.
In a preferred embodiment, the explosive loading operation comprises the following steps:
1) overlapping and binding a plurality of bamboo chips by using an electrical adhesive tape;
2) continuously binding an explosion fuse and explosives on bamboo chips according to the explosion design, binding 2-3 parts of each explosive between the bamboo chips arranged on the explosion fuse and the explosives by using an electrical adhesive tape, and binding 3-4 circles at each part;
3) the bound explosive is sent into the pre-cracking holes along with the bamboo chips;
4) and carrying out blasting operation after checking.
In a preferable scheme, the thickness of the bamboo chips is controlled to be 0.8-1cm, the width is not more than 2cm, the length of the lap joint is not less than 20cm, and the lap joint position is banded by using an electrical tape.
In the preferred scheme, after the bamboo chips are placed in the pre-splitting holes, the positions of the holes are marked, and meanwhile, the numbers of the blasting holes are written on the bamboo chips, wherein the length of the bamboo chips is 0.8-1m greater than that of the pre-splitting holes.
In a preferable scheme, in the step 4), after the checking is completed, a detonating cord is drilled, the non-electric equal-difference millisecond delay detonators are connected with the network, and the non-electric detonating tube is triggered to detonate.
The dangerous rock drilling angle control construction method provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects by adopting the method:
(1) YQ-100B type down-the-hole drill is not needed in the drilling operation of the pre-splitting blast hole, the step of erecting a support of a gang drill is omitted, and the problems that power supply circuits in a dangerous rock excavation area are difficult to erect and air compressor stations cannot be arranged are solved;
(2) the drill rod angle of the drilling machine is determined through the gradient measuring instrument, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy in determination of the drilling angle and low cost;
(3) the drilling direction is determined by matching the set plumb bob with the positioning points, so that the drilling direction error is avoided, and the drilling precision is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is an elevation view of the pre-split drilling process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the pre-split drilling process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a drilling machine 1, a pre-splitting hole 2, an orientation point 3, a gradient measuring instrument 4, bamboo chips 5, an electrical adhesive tape 6, an explosive 7 and a detonating cord 8.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, a presplitting blasting construction method for treating extra-large dangerous rock masses is characterized in that: after the hole forming operation of the pre-splitting hole 2 is carried out by adopting a drilling machine 1 which is the same as the main blast hole, continuous explosives 7 are arranged on the bamboo chips 5, and the pre-splitting blasting operation is carried out by utilizing a non-electric initiation network.
In the pre-splitting blasting construction, the drilling operation of the pre-splitting hole 2 in the early stage specifically comprises the following steps:
1) a slope measuring instrument 4 is arranged on a machine arm of the drilling machine 1;
2) after an excavator cleans the working face, the position of each pre-cracked hole 2 is calibrated and marked along the opening line of the pre-cracked hole 2, and hole position control is carried out;
3) calibrating an orientation point 3 at a distance of 1-2 m from the front of the pre-cracked holes 2 according to the principle of 'two points and one line', ensuring the parallelism of each pre-cracked hole 2 on the side slope surface, marking, and performing hole direction control;
4) repeating the step 3) to determine the positions of a plurality of orientation points;
5) and driving the drilling machine 1 to the bedrock on one side of the pre-crack, enabling the machine arm of the drilling machine 1 and the pre-crack hole to be located on the same vertical surface, accurately checking the hole angle and the hole direction through the gradient measuring instrument 4, and performing drilling operation after the hole angle and the hole direction are accurate and error-free.
In a preferable scheme, in the step 2), the hole distance between two adjacent pre-split holes 2 is 1.0m, and the error is not more than +/-10 cm.
In the preferable scheme, in the step 5), the hole depth of the pre-splitting blast hole is strictly controlled, for the phenomena of hole blocking and hole blocking, a gun rod is adopted for tamping through or a high-pressure air pipe is used for blowing through, and after the hole drilling is completed, the hole opening is blocked by utilizing a packaging bag for kneading.
Example 2:
the charge of explosive 7 was carried out after the completion of the pre-split hole 2 drilling operation described in example 1.
In a preferred scheme, the explosive 7 is bound on the bamboo chips 5 in advance, and the bamboo chips 5 bound with the explosive 7 are sent into the pre-cracking holes 2 to finish the loading operation of the explosive 7.
In a preferred scheme, the steps of the explosive 7 filling operation are as follows:
1) overlapping and binding a plurality of bamboo chips 5 by using an electrical adhesive tape 6;
2) continuously binding an explosion fuse 8 and an explosive 7 on a bamboo chip 5 according to the explosion design, wherein each section of explosive 7 is bound at 2-3 positions by an electrical tape 6 between the bamboo chip 5 and the explosive 7 arranged on the explosion fuse 8, and each position is bound for 3-4 circles;
3) the bound explosive 7 is sent into the pre-cracking hole 2 along with the bamboo chips 5;
4) and carrying out blasting operation after checking.
In a preferable scheme, the thickness of the bamboo sheet 5 is controlled to be 0.8-1cm, the width is not more than 2cm, the length of the lap joint is not less than 20cm, and the lap joint position is banded by using an electrical tape 6.
In the preferable scheme, after the bamboo chips 5 are placed in the pre-splitting holes 2, the positions of the openings are marked, and meanwhile, the numbers of the blasting holes are written on the bamboo chips 5, wherein the length of the bamboo chips 5 is 0.8-1m greater than that of the pre-splitting holes 2.
In a preferable scheme, in the step 4), after the verification is completed, the detonating cord 8 is put into a hole, the non-electric equal-difference millisecond delay detonators are connected with the network, and the non-electric detonating tube is triggered to detonate.
By adopting the method, YQ-100B type down-the-hole drill is not needed in the drilling operation of the pre-splitting blast hole, the step of erecting a support of a gang drill is omitted, and the problems that a power supply line in a dangerous rock excavation area is difficult to erect and an air compressor station cannot be laid are solved; the drill rod angle of the drilling machine is determined through the gradient measuring instrument, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy in determination of the drilling angle and low cost; the drilling direction is determined by matching the set plumb bob with the positioning points, so that the drilling direction error is avoided, and the drilling precision is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A presplitting blasting construction method for governing extra-large dangerous rock masses is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the hole forming operation of the pre-splitting hole (2) is carried out by adopting a drilling machine (1) which is the same as the main blast hole, continuous explosives (7) are arranged on the bamboo chips (5), and the pre-splitting blasting operation is carried out by utilizing a non-electric initiation network.
2. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) a slope measuring instrument (4) is arranged on a machine arm of the drilling machine (1);
2) after an excavator cleans the working surface, the position of each pre-cracked hole (2) is calibrated and marked along the opening line of the pre-cracked hole (2), and hole position control is carried out;
3) calibrating an orientation point (3) at a distance of 1-2 m in front of the pre-cracked holes (2) according to the principle of 'two points and one line', ensuring the parallelism of each pre-cracked hole (2) on a side slope surface, marking, and performing hole direction control;
4) repeating the step 3) to determine the positions of a plurality of orientation points;
5) and driving the drilling machine (1) to the bedrock on one side of the pre-crack, enabling the machine arm of the drilling machine (1) and the pre-crack blast hole to be located on the same vertical surface, accurately checking the hole angle and the hole direction through the gradient measuring instrument (4), and performing drilling operation after accuracy and no error.
3. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 2), the pitch between two adjacent pre-split holes (2) is 1.0m, and the error is not more than +/-10 cm.
4. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 5), the hole depth of the pre-splitting blast hole is strictly controlled, for the phenomena of hole blocking and hole blocking, a gun rod is adopted for tamping through or a high-pressure air pipe is used for blowing through, and after drilling is completed, the hole opening is blocked by using a packaging bag for kneading.
5. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 2, characterized in that: and (5) carrying out explosive (7) filling operation after the step is finished.
6. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 2, characterized in that: the explosive (7) is bound on the bamboo chips (5) in advance, and the bamboo chips (5) bound with the explosive (7) are sent into the pre-cracking holes (2) to finish the filling operation of the explosive (7).
7. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 2, characterized in that: the steps of the explosive (7) filling operation are as follows:
1) overlapping and binding a plurality of bamboo chips (5) by using an electrical adhesive tape (6);
2) continuously binding an explosion fuse (8) and explosives (7) on a bamboo chip (5) according to a blasting design, binding 2-3 parts of each explosive (7) by using an electrical tape (6) between the bamboo chip (5) and the explosives (7) arranged on the explosion fuse (8), and binding 3-4 circles at each part;
3) the bound explosive (7) is sent into the pre-cracking hole (2) along with the bamboo chips (5);
4) and carrying out blasting operation after checking.
8. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 7, characterized in that: the thickness of the bamboo chips (5) is controlled to be 0.8-1cm, the width is not more than 2cm, the length of the lap joint is not less than 20cm, and the lap joint position is bound by an electrical tape (6).
9. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 7, characterized in that: after the bamboo chips (5) are placed in the pre-splitting holes (2), the positions of the openings are marked, and meanwhile, the numbers of the blasting holes are written on the bamboo chips (5), wherein the length of the bamboo chips (5) is 0.8-1m greater than that of the pre-splitting holes (2).
10. The pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing the extra-large dangerous rock masses according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step 4), after the checking is finished, a detonating cord (8) is arranged in a hole, a non-electric equal-difference millisecond delay detonator is connected with the network, and a non-electric detonator is triggered to detonate.
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| CN202010048273.9A CN111059971A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing extra-large dangerous rock mass |
| CN2020100482739 | 2020-01-16 |
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| CN202010342722.0A Pending CN111256552A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-27 | Pre-splitting blasting construction method for governing extra-large dangerous rock mass |
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| CN112050697A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-08 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Super-huge type dangerous rock treatment construction method |
| CN111981922A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Construction method for converting dangerous rock control blasting material into dam filling grade ingredient |
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2020
- 2020-01-16 CN CN202010048273.9A patent/CN111059971A/en active Pending
- 2020-04-27 CN CN202010342722.0A patent/CN111256552A/en active Pending
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