KR100456917B1 - A motor and geared motor - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a rotor of an AC synchronous motor which can be started with a normal magnetization.

As a means to solve this problem, the ring-shaped magnet 11c of the rotor 11 is a cylindrical shape and the outer circumferential surface facing the pole 15a and the pole 15b of the stator is the outer circumferential surface such that the adjacent magnetic poles N and S become two poles. The magnets are magnetized several times, and the concave portions 11k are arranged at the intermediate positions 11m of the magnetic poles N and S as the adjacent bipolar poles, and each central portion 11Nc and 11Sc of the magnetic poles N and S. Formed on the convex surface. On the appearance line equidistant from the extreme value 15a of the stator, the magnetization becomes a sine wave, and the magnetic pole centers 11Nc and 11Sc, which represent peaks of magnetic strength, are reliably started due to the interaction with the poles 15b. There is no.

Description

A MOTOR AND GEARED MOTOR

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to the improvement of a motor used for driving mechanisms such as a drain valve of a washing machine and a shutter of a ventilation line, and more particularly, to a rotor which is a driving source of a motor.

In the rotor magnet used for the AC synchronous motor, the magnetization method has sometimes caused the magnet magnet surface to become the magnetization waveform of the rectangular wave 100 as shown in Fig. 8B. In particular, a large number of occurrences of radial anisotropic magnetic poles are formed by forming a rotor magnet into a tubular shape, arranging the magnetization part of the magnetizer on the outside and the inside of the rotor magnet to strongly magnetize the inside and outside of the rotor magnet.

Thus, when the magnetization waveform of the rotor magnet surface becomes a rectangular wave 100 as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the rotational starting performance of the rotor 101 of the AC synchronous motor is reduced by the width w of the maximum value of the rectangular wave 100. Damaged and smooth turns cannot be desired.

In the AC synchronous motor, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the stator 102 is arranged in the stator in order to secure the maneuverability, and the magnetized peak portion 104N is formed so that the starting torque is easily generated when the power is turned on. 104S) and the interaction between the poles 102 are configured to break the balance of the stationary state.

However, in the rectangular wave, since the peak portions 104N and 104S have a spread of width w, sudden operation of the rotational torque cannot be expected between the poles 102, and the poles 102 and the peak width w face each other. In this position, the harmonics may be equally balanced in the rotational direction, resulting in poor starting.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a motor or geared motor which is sure to start the motor, smooth rotational torque is obtained and costs no cost.

1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of a geared motor according to the present invention.

2 is a schematic operation explanatory diagram of a geared motor according to the present invention.

3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a relationship between a rotor and an induction rotating body in the geared motor according to the present invention.

4 is a plan view illustrating a relationship between a planar shape of a rotor and a magnet in a geared motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an effective magnetization waveform of the rotor having a cross section shown in Fig. 4, (a) shows an outer circumferential surface, and (b) shows a waveform of an inner circumferential surface.

Fig. 6 is a plan view illustrating the relationship between the planar shape and magnetization of the rotor of another embodiment of the geared motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an effective magnetizer waveform of the rotor having a cross-sectional shape shown in Fig. 6, (a) shows an outer circumferential surface, and (b) shows a waveform of an inner circumferential surface.

Fig. 8 is a plan view illustrating the relationship between the rotor cross-sectional shape and magnetization in the conventional geared motor, and (b) is the magnetization waveform.

In order to achieve the above object, the motor according to the present invention is formed in a tubular shape, and includes a rotor formed of a tubular magnet magnetized to an inner circumferential portion and an outer circumferential portion of the barrel, and a coil disposed opposite to the rotor. In the motor provided, at least the inner and outer peripheral portions of the cylindrical magnet facing the coil alternately along the opposite surface so that adjacent magnetic poles are bipolar, and the magnetic poles are alternately magnetized at the same time. A concave portion is disposed on the opposing surface positioned in the middle of the bipolar electrode, and each of the magnetic poles is formed on a convex surface whose center is the apex.

According to the above-described invention, even when the magnet surface is magnetized by a rectangular wave, the magnetic force between the magnetic bodies interacting with each other is a function of the distance, so that the convex surface is arranged on the magnet surface in a radial shape to form a cross-sectional shape. By centering each stimulus at the vertex, on the cylindrical surface circumscribed to the vertex of each stimulus equidistant from the pole of the stator, the apparent magnetic force on the interaction with the extreme is a sinusoidal change in the circumferential direction. The rotation performance without any inconsistency with the AC synchronous motor by the conventional rotor is exhibited.

Still another invention is in addition to the above-described invention, wherein the tubular magnet is a radial anisotropic stimulus. In the case of the radial anisotropic magnet magnetization, which is performed by arranging the magnetizing part of the magnetizing device on the outside and the inside of the rotor magnet and violently magnetizing, in most cases, the magnet surface is magnetized to a rectangular wave, but even such a radial anisotropic magnet is magnetized by a sine wave. Rotation performance without any inconsistency with AC synchronous motor by rotor is exhibited.

In order to achieve the above object, the geared motor according to the present invention is formed in a tubular shape, and includes a rotor formed of a tubular magnet in which magnetization is applied to the inner and outer circumferential portions of the barrel, and a coil disposed opposite to the rotor. A motor having a motor, an output shaft connected to the rotor and rotationally driven, a differential clutch for stepping the connection between the output shaft and the rotor, clutch actuating means for stepping the differential clutch, and actuating the clutch actuating means. It has a magnetic induction rotating body and a magnetic induction magnet which rotates and drives this magnetic induction rotating body to the rotor, and the outer peripheral part of the tubular magnet alternates so that adjacent magnetic poles along the outer circumferential surface facing the coil become two poles. The magnetic part of the magnetic pole is arranged by placing a recess on the outer circumferential surface located in the middle of the adjacent two poles Each of the poles is formed on the convex surface so that the center is the apex, and the inner circumferential portion of the tubular magnet is integrally formed with the magnetic induction magnet, and the outer circumferential portion of the tubular magnet is the rotor driving magnet. The inner circumferential portion is characterized by the magnet for driving the magnetic induction rotor.

According to the above-described invention, a rotor magnet incorporating a magnetic induction mechanism in the rotor magnet and performing magnetic induction by the magnetic force inside the rotor magnet while rotating the rotor by the magnetic force outside the rotor magnet can be formed as a single component. Since the magnet can be strongly magnetized to the outside and the inside of the gear, it is possible to provide a geared motor which is reliable in starting and a smooth rotational torque and at the same time without cost.

Another invention is in addition to the above-described invention, the inner circumferential surface of the tubular magnet is located in the middle of the adjacent two poles at the same time as the magnetic poles alternately along the inner circumferential surface so that the adjacent magnetic poles are bipolar, like the outer circumferential surface A concave portion is disposed on the inner circumferential surface, and the magnetic pole is formed on an inwardly convex surface in which each center is a vertex. Therefore, the rotational performance of the magnetically induced rotor can be improved.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Next, embodiment of the motor and geared motor (it is described next motor) which concerns on this invention is described based on drawing. 1 is a schematic plan view showing one embodiment of a motor according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in which a decelerating differential wheel 12 driven by a rotor 11 of an AC synchronous motor 10 on the upper side and a magnetic induction rotating body 13 on the lower side. Are shown, respectively. The arrangement position of FIG. 2 is shown differently from the actual planar arrangement shown in FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotor 11 included in the AC synchronous motor 10 according to the present invention.

First, the structure of the motor which concerns on this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. AC synchronous motor 10 in which the rotor 11 is driven to rotate electronically against the stator 15 (see FIG. 2), and the deceleration difference differential heat 12 and the rotor 11 which transmit the driving force to the output shaft 16. A structure that rotates in conjunction with the stiffness, and expands the speed difference lubrication train 14 including a magnetic induction rotating body 13 which controls the output shaft 16 by converting the operation of the planetary gear mechanism 17 constituting the differential clutch. Is housed in the case 18 and has a terminal 19 for supplying power to the AC synchronous motor 10 from the outside. In addition, the output shaft 16 is connected to the outside by the lever 30 (refer FIG. 2).

A clutch clutch 11b is formed at the tip of the rotation support portion 11a of the rotor 11 (see FIG. 3), and the clutch pinion is supported to rotate freely on the rotor shaft 24 coaxially with the rotor 11. (20) Oppose the manual clutch hook 20a on the bottom. The clutch pinion 20 is pressurized by the compression coil spring 21 in the direction in which the manual clutch hook 20a is separated from the drive clutch hook 11b of the rotor 11. In addition, the cam surface 22a of the clutch lever 22 faces in the pressing direction of the clutch pinion 20, and the clutch pinion 20 is always pressed against the cam surface 22a.

The cam face 22a presses and moves the clutch pinion 20 in the direction of the rotor 11 in response to the pressing force of the compression coil spring 21, and engages the manual clutch hook 20a with the drive clutch hook of the rotor 11. It has a valley surface for releasing occlusion with the mountain surface 22b. The clutch lever 22 further fits the rotor shaft 24 to the arc-shaped long hole 22c protruding along the cam face 22a in contact with the clutch pinion 20, and swings a predetermined range. do.

A part of the clutch lever 22 is engaged with the clutch lever operating groove 16b formed on the side surface of the output gear 16a which is integrally disposed with the output shaft 16, and engages the operating protrusion 22d. For this reason, the operation protrusion 22d which is driven to the clutch lever operating groove 16b in accordance with the rotation of the output gear 16a rotates the clutch lever 22, and changes the peak and valley of the cam surface 22a. As a result, the drive clutch hook 11b and the manual clutch hook 20a engage or separate, and the transfer of rotation from the rotor rotation support 11a to the clutch pinion 20 is stepped.

In the initial state in which the stator 15 is energized, the drive clutch hook 11b and the manual clutch hook 20a are in an engaged state, and the rotation of the rotor 11 is directly transmitted to the clutch pinion 20. The clutch pinion 20 transmits rotation to the input gear 17a of the planetary gear mechanism 17. The idle gear 17b of the planetary gear mechanism 17 is connected to the output gear 16a via the transmission gear 23, and rotation is prevented by the resistance of the external load on the output shaft 16.

For this reason, the planetary gear 17c rotates by the sun gear 17d which rotates integrally with the input gear 17a, and transmits rotation to the inner tooth gear 17e which is externally engaged. The ring gear 17f which rotates integrally with the inner tooth gear 17e is engaged with the gear teeth 14a of the speed increasing gear wheels 14, and the pin teeth engaged with the gear teeth 14a and the integral gear 14b. The system support plate 26 formed with the on 26b is rotated at high speed.

On the other hand, the braking pinion 13a integrally formed with the magnetic induction rotating body 13 is engaged with the linear gear 28 pressurized by the installation of the return spring 27 (see Fig. 1). The magnetic induction rotating body 13 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 11 by magnetic induction, and rotates the linear gear 28 against the pressing force of the return spring 27. The rotation restricting portion 28a constituting a part of the linear gear 28 rotates together with the linear gear 28 and enters within the rotational track of the projection 26a of the system support plate 26 which is rotating at a high speed. Combining with and restricts the rotation of the system support plate 26, and restrains the rotation of the speed increase gear wheels (14).

Since the rotation of the ring gear 17f of the planetary gear mechanism 17, that is, the inner tooth gear 17e, is prevented by being constrained by the speed increase gearing row 14, the planetary gear 17c starts idle. The idle gear 17b of the planetary gear mechanism 17 transmits rotation to the intermittent reduction gear lubrication heat 12 by the revolution of the planetary gear 17c, and from the large gear 23b of the transmission gear 23 to the small wheel gear ( The output gear 16a is rotated via 23c. When the output gear 16a is rotated by a predetermined angle, the clutch lever 22 is rotated by the clutch lever operating protrusion 22d engaged with the clutch lever operating groove 16b to release the clutch pinion 20 from the crimping. . The engagement between the drive clutch hook 11b and the manual clutch hook 20a is released and the clutch pinion 20 is free.

The clutch pinion 20, which has become free, is transmitted by the rotational force due to the external load of the output shaft 16 to the decelerating value differential heat 12 and moved in the reverse rotation speeded up. However, the clutch pinion 20 moved upward by the pressing force of the compression coil spring 21 by releasing the compression contacts the blocking member (not shown) formed at the rotational position of the clutch lever 22 by the protruding engagement protrusion 20b. Restrain the clutch pinion 20.

As long as the rotor 11 continues to rotate, the magnetic induction rotating body 13 rotates, and the projection of the rotation restricting portion 28a and the system support plate 26 is caused to counteract the linear gear 28 against the pressing force of the return spring 27. The engagement with (26a) is maintained and the restraint of the ring tooth 17f, that is, the inner tooth tooth 17e, of the planetary gear mechanism 17 is continued through the speed increasing gear wheels 14. On the other hand, since the planetary gear mechanism 17 prevents rotation of the sun gear 17d by the restraint of the clutch pinion 20, the idle gear 17b becomes impossible to rotate, and the deceleration of the deceleration gear wheel 12 is stopped. The outer portion of the output shaft 16 is supported by the restraint portion.

When the energization to the stator 15 is cut off, the magnetic induction rotating body 13 with the rotor 11 stops rotating. The linear gear 28 returns to the initial state by the pressing force of the return spring 27. The system support plate 26 rotates freely and releases the restraint of the speed increase gear 14. The planetary gear 17c rotates idly with the sun gear 17d, which is still constrained to rotate, by rotating the output shaft 16 which is not supported, and the ring gear 17f rotates through the speed increasing wheels 14. Since the system support plate 26 is free, the output shaft 16 rotates according to the external load.

The output gear 16a which rotates together by the rotation by the external load of the output shaft 16 rotates the clutch lever 22 by the operation protrusion 22d by which the clutch lever operating groove 16b engages, and the cam surface 22a. The slope 22b of the surface is returned, and the clutch pinion 20 is compressed to restore the occlusion of the drive clutch hook 11b and the manual clutch hook 20a.

As the operation of the geared motor according to the present invention, the lever 30 attached to the output shaft 16 by energization to the stator 15 rotates in one direction to a predetermined angle set in the clutch lever operating groove 16b in one direction, Rotation of the magnetically inductive rotor 13 interlocked with the rotor 11 interlocks the traction force due to the electronic non-contact slip action to the mechanical restraint to fix a predetermined stop position. Return to the initial state. Since there is no mechanical friction part, troubles caused by wear do not occur.

In other words, if it is applied to the drain valve of the washing machine, the open valve state is maintained until the valve is opened and drainage is completed. In addition, when applied to the ventilation line shutter or air conditioner damper, it is energized at the same time as the ventilation line or air conditioner, the shutter or damper is opened by the rotation of the ventilation line or the air conditioner, and the shutter or damper is opened while the ventilation line is rotating or the air conditioner is in operation. Is maintained on. And drainage, operation is fixed to the position where the shutter or damper is opened. When the power supply is stopped due to drainage termination, ventilation line or air conditioner stop, drain valve is closed and ventilation line shutter or air conditioner damper is closed.

In Fig. 3 the rotor 11 of the AC synchronous motor 10 used for such a geared motor is shown in longitudinal section. The rotor 11 is a structure in which the ring-shaped magnet 11c is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the rotation support part 11a provided with the hole 24a for inserting the rotor shaft 24 (refer FIG. 1). The ring-shaped magnet 11c is composed of a ferrite magnet or a neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnet, and the like, and the axial end thereof contacts the flange portion 11d formed on the rotational support portion 11a. Is positioned in the direction.

The magnetic induction rotating body 13 has a nonmagnetic conductive ring 13b made of copper, aluminum, or equivalent nonmagnetic metal on the outer circumference thereof, and a back yoke ring 13c made of magnetic material (specifically, iron) is press-fitted inside. The balance is composed of insert molding by resin. The magnetic induction rotating body 13 is supported by the rotor 11 and rotates relatively freely. In other words, the outer circumferential surface of the upper end portion of the rotary support portion 11a of the rotor 11 is a radial bearing portion 11e for supporting the inner circumferential surface of the braking pinion 13a of the magnetically induced rotating body 13 to rotate freely. At the outer circumferential portion near the lower end of 11a, a thrust bearing portion 11f which receives the lower end portion of the tubular portion 13d of the magnetic induction rotor 13 in the thrust direction and also serves as a radial bearing is disposed. do.

4 shows the rotor 11 from which the magnetic induction rotating body 13 is removed from the motor according to the present invention. (A) is a top view of an axis right angle, (b) is sectional drawing along the B-B line | wire. The rotor 11 is configured so that the adjacent magnetic poles (N, S) are different by matching the magnetizing widths in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion, and the other magnetic poles (N, S) is magnetized. In addition, a magnetizing means for efficiently emitting magnetic flux to the pole 15a and the pole 15b on the stator 15 side and drawing out the drive characteristics of the AC synchronous motor 10 is selected.

However, in the magnetization of the radial anisotropic magnet, which is performed by magnetizing the magnetizing part of the magnetizing device on the outside and the inside of the rotor magnet and violently magnetizing, the magnetization waveforms of the outer peripheral part and the inner peripheral part become a rectangular wave H as shown in Fig. 5 (b). The magnetic pole center parts 11N and 11S in which the magnetic force is maximized by each magnetic pole are magnetized flat in the range of the width W without changing the intensity. Thus, as shown in a plan view in the axially perpendicular direction in Fig. 4A, the concave portion 11k is disposed at the geometric center position 11m of the two poles adjacent to the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped magnet 11c of the rotor 11. A smooth convex surface is formed with the magnetic pole centers 11Nc and 11Sc as the apex.

By making the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped magnet 11c into such a petal shape, the extreme value 15a of the stator 15 within the width W of the rectangular wave magnetized to the magnetic pole center portions 11N and 11S of the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped magnet 11c. ) And the distance to the pole 15b. In general, the suction and repulsion interaction between the stimulus and the extreme is a function of the distance, so the cylindrical cross section (C) circumscribed on the top of each stimulus center (11Nc, 11Sc) arranged on the curved surface of the intermediate convex The effective magnetic field strength can be approximated to the sinusoidal waveform F as shown in Fig. 5 (a), and each of the magnetic poles has peak values (Np and Sp) that act effectively.

Thus, the effective peak values Np and Sp of the magnetic poles are formed when the stator 15 is energized by forming the magnetic poles 11Nc and 11Sc on the convex surface of the ring-shaped magnet 11c of the rotor 11. Each of the magnetic pole centers 11Nc and 11Sc shown exhibits a strong interaction with the poles 15b disposed in the stator 15 preferentially, and the rotor 11 can smoothly and reliably rotate.

Fig. 6 shows the rotor 11-1 according to the second embodiment of the motor according to the present invention. Fig. 6 (a) is a plan view of an axial angle, and Fig. 6 (b) is a line BB of (a). According to the cross-sectional view. Members common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The outer circumferential surface of the rotor 11-1 is formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the effective magnetic strength of the appearance on the cylindrical cross section C circumscribed to the top of each magnetic pole center 11Nc, 11Sc is shown in Fig. 6 (a). It is possible to approximate the sinusoidal waveform F as shown in FIG. Each stimulus has peak values Np and Sp that actually act effectively, respectively, and the magnetic interaction with the stator 15 functions as in the first embodiment.

However, in the second embodiment, the concave portions 11k-1 are disposed at the intermediate positions 11m-1 of the magnetic pole centers 11Nc-1 and 11Sc-1 on the inner circumferential surface, thereby providing the respective magnetic pole centers 11Nc-1 and 11Sc-1. To the inner circumferential surface of the rotor 11-1 by forming a smooth curved surface, and forming an inwardly convex surface projecting toward the center of the rotor 11 with each pole center 11Nc-1, 11Sc-1 as a vertex. The effective magnetic strength of the inner circumferential cylindrical section (C-1) at the apex of each stimulus center (11Nc-1, 11Sc-1) can be approximated to the sinusoidal wave (F-1) as shown in FIG. The rotational performance of the rotating body 13 can be improved.

As can be seen from the above description, according to the motor and geared motor according to the present invention, since the contour is formed on the convex surface with the center of each magnetic pole as a peak, the peak of the magnetic force is narrowed, and the movement of the interaction with the pole is sharp. It is possible to reliably start up. In addition, since only one rotor part is used, it can be magnetized once using ordinary magnetizing means, and the number of parts and the assembly process can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost.

Claims (4)

In a motor formed in a tubular shape, the rotor comprising a tubular magnet magnetized to the inner and outer peripheral portions of the cylindrical shape, and a motor having a coil disposed opposite to the rotor, At least one of the inner and outer circumferential portions of the tubular magnet facing the coil is alternately magnetized with the magnetic poles alternately along the opposite surface such that adjacent magnetic poles are bipolar, and are located in the middle of the adjacent two poles. A concave portion is disposed on the opposing surface, and each of the magnetic poles is formed in the convex portion so that the center is the apex. The method of claim 1, The cylindrical magnet is a geared motor, characterized in that the radial anisotropic magnetic poles. A motor formed in a tubular shape, the rotor comprising a tubular magnet with magnetization applied to the inner and outer circumferential portions of the barrel, and a motor having a coil disposed opposite to the rotor; An output shaft connected to the rotor and rotationally driven; A differential clutch which steps the connection between the output shaft and the rotor, Clutch actuating means for stepping the differential clutch; A magnetic induction rotating body for operating the clutch operating means; The magnetic induction magnet has a magnetic induction magnet which rotates by interlocking with the rotor, The magnetic poles are arranged on the outer circumferential portion of the tubular magnet by alternately magnetizing the magnetic poles alternately along the outer circumferential surface of the tubular magnet so that the magnetic poles are alternately magnetized, and at the same time, by placing a recess on the outer circumferential surface located in the middle of the adjacent polar poles. Each is formed on the convex surface whose center is the vertex, The inner circumferential portion of the tubular magnet is integrally formed with the magnetic induction magnet, the outer circumferential portion of the tubular magnet is used as the rotor driving magnet, and the inner circumferential portion is the magnetic induction rotating body driving magnet. Featuring a geared motor. The method of claim 3, wherein The inner circumferential surface of the tubular magnet, like the outer circumferential surface, alternately magnetizes the magnetic poles alternately along the inner circumferential surface such that adjacent magnetic poles are bipolar, and at the same time, a concave portion is disposed on the inner peripheral surface located in the middle of the adjacent bipolar pole. The geared motor, characterized in that formed on the inwardly convex surface of which each center is a vertex.