KR0166347B1 - Process for preparing bedrock for vegetation and muddy borrow soil base material blasting nozzle therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of forming a greening base on a construction surface in civil engineering, and to an abnormally-based land-based spray nozzle used in such a process.

The above-mentioned end portion of the object-based substrate jet port is narrowed, and a stirring cylinder having a stirring blade is provided in succession to the jet port, and using the injection nozzle provided with a hydrophobic injection port and an air suction port in the stirring tube near the jet port, The hydrophobic agent is injected into the stirring barrel of the nozzle, and the hydrophobic agent which forms the greening base material by further granulating the soil material is injected from the hydrophobic agent inlet into the stirring tube, and the air is injected from the air inlet. In the green-based composition method is introduced into the cylinder, and the mixing and mixing the abnormal land material, the hydrophobic agent and the air in the stirring barrel to the construction surface, the air inlet of the injection nozzle, seal, rope or tape It is also open to the outside to serve as a suction port for introducing a continuous element of the shape into the stirring barrel. The continuous element is sucked into the stirring tube through the air suction port together with the outside air by the depressurization effect caused by the ejection pressure of the ideal soil material which is ejected under pressure from the jet opening into the stirring tube. The continuous element to be introduced is stirred and mixed with the ideal soil material, the hydrophobic agent, and air introduced into the stirring tube to form a greening base material which is wrapped around the continuous element to form a greening base material. The present invention relates to a planting-based composition method, characterized in that to spray the construction surface from the outlet of the injection nozzle to form a plant germination base.

Description

Greening base composition method

FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of an ideal land-based jet nozzle according to the present invention, (a) is a front view of its appearance, and (b) is a sectional view of the main part thereof.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of the above-described land-based spray nozzle according to the present invention, and is an explanatory view showing a state in which the spraying operation is performed by the nozzle.

3 is an exploded front view of a portion of the normal surface in which spraying is performed according to the present invention.

4 is a side cross-sectional view of the normal surface.

粒化)된 토양 입자와 연속요소의 혼합상태의 확대도이다.5 is an isolation (

An enlarged view of the mixed soil particles and continuous elements.

6 shows an example of various types of continuous elements, (a) shows the form of the tape folded three times, (b) shows the form of the double-ply tape, (c) shows the form of the tube, and (d) Denotes a fiber bundle shape, and (e) shows an irregular fiber bundle shape.

7 is a cross-sectional view of a construction surface in which a tape mulching method is applied on a plant growth base on a rock surface.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the construction surface in which the tape mulching method is applied to the seed injection layer constructed on the sandy soil surface.

9 and 10 are diagrams showing the water retention characteristics of the area where the tape mulching method was applied to the plant growth base and sandy soil with water impermeable tape, respectively. FIGS. 9 (a) and 10 (a) are binders. It is a case where a solution is used, and FIG. 9 (b) and FIG. 10 (b) show the case where an abnormal material is used.

11 and 12 are diagrams showing the underground temperature characteristics of the zone where the tape mulching method is applied with water impermeable tape having a heat ray reflective element, and FIG. 11 shows the temperature change after construction in winter. 12 degrees shows the temperature change after construction in summer.

13 is a view showing a roadbed construction method in which sand and continuous elements are mixed according to the prior art.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: spout 2: cylindrical body (stirring cylinder)

3: air inlet port 4: continuous element insertion guide hole

6: cover for preventing scattering of abnormal soil 7: outlet

10, 20: injection nozzle 11: hydrophobic injection hole

G: Recording base material M: Ideal customer base material

T: continuous element

The present invention relates to a method of forming a greening base on a construction surface in civil engineering, and to an abnormally-based land-based spray nozzle used in such a process.

) 또는 테이프와 같은 연속요소를 혼합하여 상기 법면과 같은 시공면에 분사하여 부착시키는 공법 및 분사노즐에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 공법은 상기 법면 뿐만 아니라 현저하게 건조된 모래구릉에서 식물을 생장시키는데 이용될 수도 있다.More specifically, the present invention is an inclined surface of the collapsed land, or inclined surface to be greened, such as cuts or embankments generated by development work (hereinafter referred to as law surface). If soils have bad plant growth conditions, such as rock or soil, soft rock, sandy soils or mid-soils, create a thick layer of greening base to grow plants. The method relates to a method for growing plants and to plant greenery, and to an ideal land-based spray nozzle used in the method.

Or a method for spraying and attaching a continuous element such as a tape and spraying and attaching to a construction surface such as the normal surface. The process according to the invention can be used to grow plants not only on the surface but also on significantly dried sand dunes.

粒化)되면서 분사되어, 법면에 상당히 두껍게 부착되어 안정화될 수 있다.Background Art Conventionally, a method is known in which an ideal material, a hydrophobic agent, a hydrophobic agent, and air having greening soils are mixed and stirred in an injection nozzle by injecting from an outlet of a nozzle end. According to this method, the ideal material is granulated by mixing the ideal material with a hydrophobic agent and air in the nozzle.

It can be sprayed as it is being formed, and can be attached to the surface fairly thick and stabilized.

In general, this method is often installed on steep slopes. In recent years, large-scale construction, such as highways, have been constructed in rural mountain areas, resulting in magnificent laws. Rocks or special soils will appear on such grand slopes, and it is usually difficult to grow plants. In such a place, a plant growth base such as high quality soil is sprayed to a thickness of several centimeters to form a plant growth base, and a restoration method of nature by greening is performed. However, because the construction surface is a steep slope, the thickness of the plant growth base to be attached is limited technically and economically. According to the current method, it is expected to grow plants by forming a plant growth base up to approximately 10 cm or at most several cm thick.

As a trend of the recent greening based composition method, in order to maintain greening permanently, the type of plants introduced into the plant growth method becomes a problem. In the case of herbaceous plants, which are easy to be introduced, hair roots dominate and roots do not extend deeply in the mountains, so fertilizers disappear in a few years, and plants are decayed by drying, decaying with the surface layer of the surface. Can be. Therefore, it is required to introduce woody plants whose roots are mainly rooted from the beginning, and to cultivate them early.

Although not a method for creating a direct recording base, related prior art is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-167170. This suggests a method in which thin polyester fibers are loaded in high pressure water continuously from a nozzle, mixed with sand sprayed by compressed air from other nozzles, and used for reinforcement works such as road side and pavement. do. In addition, in order to strengthen the surface of the ground, a method of spraying mortar from a mortar gun and continuously supplying glass fibers from another fiber delivery machine, incorporating both at a construction surface, and processing them in a thin layered state is also known.

) 공급기(54)로부터 실시된 실(섬유)(T)은 물탱크(52)로부터 고압펌프(53)를 통해 공급되는 고압수(W)와 이젝터(44)에서 합체되고, 여기서 고압수(W)에 의해 이젝터의 노즐(45)로부터 압출되어, 고압수와 함께 노반(40)의 표면에 분사된다. 이때, 실(T)(제13도에서는 총 4가닥)은 노즐(45)의 미세한 구멍을 통해 하나씩 고압수(W)에 의해 압출되어, 시공면에서 모래(S)와 3차원적으로 혼합되어, 견고한 노반을 형성한다. 그래서, 이 공법에서는, 시공면에 대한 실(T) 등의 섬유의 공급과 모래(S) 등의 토질입자의 공급이 별도의 2계통으로부터 행해져, 시공면상에서 섬유와 토질입자가 합체혼합된다.A conventional process performed according to the prior art of Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 55-167170 will be described based on FIG. In FIG. 13, sand S taken from the sand dunes 50 is compressed by the compressor 51 so as to construct the upper surface of the roadbed 40 by the air 49 compressed by the compressor 51. It is supplied under pressure through), and is injected from the nozzle 43 to the construction surface of the subgrade 40. On the other hand,

The yarn (fiber) T implemented from the feeder 54 is coalesced in the ejector 44 with the high pressure water W supplied from the water tank 52 through the high pressure pump 53, where the high pressure water W Is extruded from the nozzle 45 of the ejector, and is sprayed on the surface of the subgrade 40 together with the high pressure water. At this time, the yarn T (four strands in FIG. 13) is extruded by the high-pressure water (W) one by one through the minute hole of the nozzle 45, and three-dimensionally mixed with the sand (S) at the construction surface , To form a solid roadbed. Therefore, in this method, the supply of fibers such as yarn T to the construction surface and the supply of soil particles such as sand S are performed from two separate systems, and the fibers and the soil particles are mixed and mixed on the construction surface.

In order to obtain a thick layer of greening base according to the prior art, it is necessary to spray repeatedly, and in order to stabilize the base of the thick layer, a method of repeatedly spraying after the previously sprayed base is drained and stabilized should be adopted. Thus, the prior art has a time loss associated with drainage of the foundation, which is a major disadvantage in efficiency.

In general, the surface of the green-based construction has a slope of 65 to 45 degrees, and the thickness of the green-based coating is often 3 to 8 cm. According to the method of the prior art, even if it has good absorbency of the soil or rock surface of the surface, the thickness of the base attached by single spraying is about 3cm, and about 1cm on the surface of poor absorbency such as clay or single rock It becomes In summary, the idealization of the ideal material, which is a characteristic of the prior art, is achieved, and the ideal material is instantaneously hydrophobic, but since the drainage from the inside of the base is performed, the continuous weight of the ideal material is also added to the weight of water. Since the fall of the abnormal material occurs, the amount of single injection should be limited.

In addition, in the above prior art, in order to stabilize the sprayed base, vegetable fibers are mixed with an ideal material as a so-called binder, and the length of the fiber is short as 2 to 3 cm, so that the effect is difficult to be obtained. The longer the length of the binder is, the greater the effect is. However, if the binder is mixed in advance with the host material, the binding of the binder to the stirring shaft during spraying, entanglement on the pressure supply pump shaft, blockage between the impeller and the casing, etc. Since clogging of the pump is the cause, the length of fibers that can be mixed is limited. In the conventional method as described above, only about 5 cm of land or plant growth substrate is attached to the surface of the plant on which the plant growth conditions are poor, and in such a case, even when a plant growth substrate such as land soil is attached, In a short period of time under the hot sun, the plant's seedlings, which have grown slightly, will also die due to lack of moisture.

From the above situation, currently, a method of preventing drying by using viscous soil having high water retention to prevent drying, or mixing water retaining material such as vermiculite or high water absorbent resin with the plant growth substrate Although any water-retaining material or viscous soils are used with a thickness of about 5 cm, great effects cannot be obtained at present.

In addition, for permanent greening, it is desirable to introduce woody plants to the ground from the beginning and to plant them early, but woody plants may be affected by germination of cold or hot temperatures (cold and cold) as well as wet and dry after the sowing. Receive. In addition, in order to provide sufficient growth period after sowing, introduction of woody plants cannot be expected unless construction is performed in spring. Thus, by alleviating the temperature rise or drop in the plant growth base due to the difference in temperature of the cold or hot air, and prolonging the period of possible planting (planting) of wood plants by preventing evaporation of moisture from the land and acid, sowing in spring It is necessary to study what they do.

Further, the related art disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 55-167170 as a related art is that its purpose is to mix fibers with construction surfaces such as road surfaces, normal surfaces, etc., to secure the construction surfaces, and to reinforce the construction thereof. . Therefore, this can be achieved by refining the soil material as necessary for greening, or by mixing continuous elements such as thread or tape on the construction surface to form appropriate voids for plant germination and growth. It is different from the object of the present invention to promote greening by imparting drainage, breathability, heat retention, and the like.

However, the method of injecting a continuous element of the fiber as a reinforcing material to the construction surface and mixing it with the base material has a similar point to the present invention. However, this method differs from the present invention because the material of the base material sprayed on the construction surface is sand or mortar, which is different from the greening base material of the present invention, and the nozzle or gun mechanism for spraying fibers as a reinforcement material Is fundamentally different. That is, according to the prior art method as described above, the discharging mechanism of the reinforcing material, such as the base material and the fiber is operated separately to inject the base material and the fiber, and both are mixed and incorporated in the construction surface. Therefore, the adhesiveness of both after mixing base material and reinforcement material is bad. Therefore, a sufficient effect of stably strengthening the construction surface cannot be expected.

In addition, according to the prior art method, for the injection of fibers, for example, by using a jet pressure of clean water by a high-pressure pump, the fibers almost the same size as the jet port is extruded from the jet port and blown to the construction surface. The thickness of the yarn at this time is as thin as 200 microns, and therefore the nozzle is easily clogged because the diameter of the nozzle ejection port is small. In addition, even when the fiber is injected at high pressure, the flying distance of the fiber is short, and in fact, about 2 to 3 m, which is not suitable for the covering work of a large normal surface.

Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems in the prior art, and by the method of using a mixed injection value of the ideal material and the fibers, the sprayable amount and the release distance are large, and water retention, heat retention, In order to solve the technical problem to be solved in order to obtain a stable reinforced construction surface with good drainage and breathability, it is to provide a greening-based composition method and the ideal land-based spray nozzle used in the method.

In the air inlet of the injection nozzle, the outside air is sucked into the cylinder by the depressurization effect generated in the cylinder by the ejection of the idealized greening base material from the outlet, and is external to the air inlet. Seal, rope or tape-shaped continuous elements inserted from the air are also drawn into the cylinder of the injection nozzle with air. In the cylindrical body, the abnormal greening base material is mixed with the continuous element, and is discharged to the outside from the outlet of the distal end of the spray nozzle while pulling the continuous element, and both are attached to the construction surface in an entangled state. At this time, the continuous nozzle is buried in the greening base in the shape of a mesh by shaking the spray nozzle to the upper, the left, the right, the predetermined width, and the construction surface is stabilized, and the water retention, drainage and breathability in the base are improved.

In addition, when a hydrophobic agent is injected into the cylindrical body of the injection nozzle, the hydrophobic agent, the ideal material and the air are mixed and stirred in the cylindrical body, water is separated from the ideal material by the action of the hydrophobic agent, and the ideal material is separated. Become Thus, the isolated greening base material is ejected from the nozzle outlet to attract the continuous element and is attached to the construction surface. At this time, since the greening base material is isolated, the greening base material is well entangled with the continuous element, and the water retention, drainage, air permeability, and warmth of the construction surface after spraying become better, thereby stabilizing the foundation. Moreover, the flying distance of the base material from a nozzle also becomes long.

Next, a tape mulching method is described in which a water-impermeable tape-like continuous element is sprayed onto a previously grown plant growth-based surface to cover the surface with the tape. In this case, cover the planted land or seeded land with a straw or plastic film, or cover the entire plant growth surface with a film on a dry land such as a desert, so that the lower surface of the film due to the rise and fall of atmospheric temperature The same effect as the film mulching method which prevents moisture by condensation and moisture which evaporates from the earth is prevented. In this case, by using a tape, it is possible to coat a steep inclined surface or a rough surface with a large unevenness | corrugation with a tape thin film, without becoming nonuniform in response to an unevenness | corrugation.

Next, if a continuous element made of aluminum foil or a water impermeable tape to which aluminum foil or aluminum powder is adhered and having a heat ray reflecting element is sprayed onto the surface of the plant growth base to cover its front surface, As a result, even if there is a difference in cold or warm temperature of the outside air, the temperature rise and fall in the plant growth base is alleviated by the heat ray reflection, and moisture evaporation from the mountain region is prevented, so that the plantable period of the plant is extended.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be understood in more detail from the following description.

First, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a greening base injection nozzle 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is an external front view of the nozzle, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view of the main part thereof. In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 1 shows the jet port of the above-mentioned ideal soil material M, and 2 shows the cylindrical body attached to the front-end | tip of the jet port 1, and has many stirring blades 2a in it. . The cylindrical body (hereinafter, referred to as stirring cylinder) 2 may be of a type that does not include the stirring blade 2a. 3 denotes an air suction port, and 4 denotes an insertion guide hole of the continuous element T of the fiber like yarn, which hole communicates with the stirring cylinder 2 through the air suction port 3. Increasing the number of the insertion guide holes 4 in the circumferential direction feeds two or more strands (continuous elements) T into the stirring tube 2 at the same time, thereby densely mixing the yarn into the greening base G. It is possible. 6 denotes an abnormal earth scattering cover, 7 denotes an outlet of the injection nozzle 10, and 8 denotes a ball valve type abnormal target soil material adjusting cock. 9 shows the rubber hose connected to the above-mentioned ground material supply pump (not shown). 14 represents the winding of the continuous element T.

Using the injection nozzle of the above-described structure is carried out the greening-based composition method on the same construction surface. The operation at this time will be described. The abnormally charged soil material M, which is supplied under pressure by the ideal material supply pump (not shown), enters the injection nozzle 10 through the rubber hose 9, and the supply amount is appropriately adjusted by the ideal clay material control cock 8. After that, it arrives at the blower outlet 1, and is blown in from the stirring container 2 from it. This blowing causes a negative pressure to be generated at the inlet of the stirring cylinder 2, whereby air A is sucked into the cylinder from the air suction port 3. A continuous element T such as a thread is sucked by the suction force of this air and into the stirring tube 2 through the continuous element insertion guide hole 4 communicating with the air inlet 3 from the lock 14 of the continuous element. It is supplied, in the stirring vessel 2, the ideal soil material (M), air (A) and continuous element (T) are mixed and mixed, and in good contact with the stirring blade (2a), the greening base material ( G), and the greening base is discharged from the outlet 7 toward the construction surface. Thus, since the yarn and soil are mixed and stirred well in the same nozzle before being discharged from the nozzle, the adhesion between the two is improved and a stable roadbed is formed. The size of the insertion guide hole 4 such as a thread is much larger than the size of the thread through hole in the above prior art (see FIG. 13). Therefore, the hole is not blocked during use, and the size of the outlet of the injection nozzle is large, the discharge pressure is large, and the flying distance at the time of spraying the greening base material G on the construction surface is also much longer than the distance in the prior art. It is suitable for the construction of the magnificent surface.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a main part in the case of spraying by ejecting the greening base material and the continuous element from the greening base material injection nozzle 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The jet nozzle 20 of FIG. 2 differs from the jet nozzle 10 of FIG. 1 in that the jet nozzle 20 has a hydrophobic injection port 11, and other parts of the jet nozzle 20 are jetted. It is basically the same as the nozzle 10. Therefore, the same components common to the injection nozzle 10 of FIG. 1 and the injection nozzle 20 of FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the structure of the greening base material injection nozzle 20, a stirring cylinder 2 is attached to the tip of the ideal material ejection opening 1 having a narrowed tip, and the hydrophobic agent injection port 11 and air are attached to the stirring cylinder 2; The suction port 3 and the discharge port 7 at the tip end are formed, and the stirring blade 2a is provided in the stirring tube 2. On the other hand, the continuous element (T) in the form of a seal rope or tape is wound on the wound material (14), the continuous element (T) is the injection nozzle (20) through the seal insertion guide ring (5) and the air inlet (3) It is suction-induced and discharged out of the injection nozzle 20 from the discharge port 7 of the front end of the injection nozzle.

In the above structure, the abnormally charged soil substrate M is supplied to the jet port 1 under pressure by a pump (not shown) as indicated by the arrow, from which the abnormally charged soil substrate M is stirred by a strong pressure. Squirt into The air A is sucked into the stirring cylinder 2 from the air suction port 3 by the suction force by the pressure reduction effect which generate | occur | produces in the stirring cylinder 2 by the blowing. At this time, the continuous element (T) is supplied from the wound body 14 in the direction of the air suction port 3 (in the direction of the dashed arrow) and introduced into the stirring vessel 2 and mixed with the greening base material G, both of which It is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 7 of the tip of the injection nozzle 20 to the outside.

The continuous element T is easily introduced into the stirring vessel 2 by the tensile force of the air A being sucked. The continuous element is not limited to only one strand, and two or more strands may be introduced separately by providing two or more air inlets 3, or two or more strands may be provided from one air inlet 3; Element T may be introduced.

In addition, a hydrophobic agent (F) is introduced into the stirring tube (2) from the hydrophobic agent inlet port (11) through a pipe (12) under pressure by a pump (not shown), and the abnormal soil material in the stirring tube (2). (M), the hydrophobic agent (F), and the air (A) are mixed and stirred, where the abnormally-based soil material (M) is separated into a greening base material (G).

The abnormal land-based base material M in this invention is used as a soil base material, fertilizer, a seed, and / or rhizome is mixed suitably, a vegetable fiber, an erosion inhibitor, etc. are mix | blended as needed, and an appropriate amount of water This mix makes the ideal material.

The hydrophobic agent to be injected includes, for example, polyacrylamide hydrolyzate and the like, and has an effect of separating the water by acting on the abnormal land-based substrate (M) and causing the longer-based soil to be separated.

Continuous element (T), which is a feature of the present invention, is a continuously thin object in the form of a thread, a rope, or a tape, and in particular, there is no limitation in the shape thereof, but if it is too much weight, it is dispersed as it is separated by a spray nozzle. A relatively light continuous element T is preferable because it is not mixed with the target earth material M, that is, the greening base material G, and thus falls in the middle.

In the case of the spraying operation, by shaking the spray nozzle 20 up, down, left and right in a predetermined width, the continuous element T is buried in the greening base material in a mesh shape and stably attached to the surface. Thus, the granulated soil layer B is formed on the surface as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is an exploded front view of the main portion of the grained grained soil layer B on which the spraying is performed according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the grained grain soil layer B. FIG. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the continuous element T is buried in a mesh shape up and down, left and right, and the greening base material G is attached to and laminated on the upper and lower layers thereof, and the granulated soil layer B is isolated. This is formed and is formed stably on the normal surface K. At this time, the continuous element T absorbs and seals the hydrophobized water into the voids inside the continuous element when the granulation is performed, thereby retaining the water for a long time, and further, the continuous element from where it is exposed to the surface of the soil layer B. The air is passed through the air gap into the interior of the soil layer B to carry out aeration.

5 is a partially enlarged view in which the continuous element T is mixed in the greening base G. FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the granulated greening base material G becomes an aggregate of individual soil grains P, and is mixed with the continuous element T intertwined between the soil grains P. As shown in FIG. Thus, each soil discrete and continuous element is supported by each other, and a gap for retaining water and venting air is maintained between them.

As described above, the continuous element T mixed three-dimensionally in the greening base material G thus sprayed supports the greening base material G by entanglement. Therefore, the spray thickness can be set to 10 cm or more by one spraying operation, and the stable greening can be made very efficiently, and the efficiency can be greatly improved regardless of the slope, soil quality and rock quality of the surface. have.

In addition, depending on the state of the normal surface, the shaking direction of the injection nozzle 20 may not always be up, down, left, or right. For example, when there are many unevenness | corrugations in a normal surface, a continuous element may be shaken only by shaking the injection nozzle 20 left and right. Even if it moves only to the left and right, the objective can be achieved.

In addition, when the continuous element T is subjected to an anti-slip processing or a continuous element having a shape that is easily entangled with each other, a more excellent anti-dripping effect can be obtained.

By varying the shape and strength of the continuous element T, various effects can be expected. For example, when a continuous element having a high tensile strength is used, an anti-collapsing effect can be expected.

In other words, for the purpose of stabilizing the sprayed greening base and preventing the small collapse of the surface, the base net (see 23 in FIG. 7) made of rhombus lath metal net or synthetic resin net is used before spraying. It spreads and sprays greening material on it. However, if the shape or strength of the continuous element is studied in the method of the present invention and the continuous element is embedded in a mesh shape in the greening base, it may be unnecessary to expand and install the base net as in the prior art.

As shown in (a) to (e) of FIG. 6, when the tape-shaped continuous element in a state of being folded in two or more layers is used, an improvement in water retention and breathability inside the greening base can be expected. FIG. 6 shows some examples suitable for it, in FIG. 6 (a) shows a tape state folded three times, (b) shows a tape state folded twice, (c) shows a tube state, and (d) The bundle of fibers is shown, (e) denotes a bundle of irregularly folded fibers, and in these figures, the symbol h denotes a hole for ventilation.

More specifically, the planting base to be sprayed with plant growth base material generally grows plants on a steep rock slope, with a limited few centimeters of thickness. Therefore, the presence or absence of water retention of the foundation greatly affects the growth of the plant, and since the construction surface is a normal surface formed by cutting the surface of the mountain, the water flowing between the mountains flows out into the normal surface, The plant's base is saturated with water and becomes oxygen deficient, which hinders plant growth.

In order to grow the plant on the greening base of limited thickness even under such bad conditions, when the above-described two or more folded tape-like continuous elements are buried by the method of the present invention, the gap formed by the folding becomes water-retaining, drainage-proof. By exerting the effect of increasing the permeability, it can be expected to maintain the conditions that are always desirable for plant growth.

In addition, the temperature difference in the soil can be alleviated by using a flat yarn (tape-shaped long object) in which aluminum foil is laminated (bonded) as the continuous element T. Thus, the influence of the temperature difference of the outside air on the inside of the greening base can be reduced, thereby reducing the influence of the cold winter season and the summer salt spring season. Therefore, a suitable period for the greening work that can be forced even in an inappropriate time can be extended.

Next, an example of the experimental result performed in accordance with the present invention will be described. In this experiment, an abnormal landscaping base material of the following formulation was used.

The said mixing | blending is the quantity per 30 m <2> of injection surface bottoms when an injection thickness is 10 cm.

2000 liters of water were filled in the base tank (capacity: 4000 liters) of the injector, and the above-mentioned compounding material was put in it, and it mixed and stirred, and was idealized.

On the other hand, using the 600g hydrophobic agent (polyacrylamide hydrolyzate) with respect to the above formulation, dissolved in 300 liters of water in a hydrophobic tank (capacity: 300 liters) to prepare a 0.2% aqueous solution.

As the continuous element, a polyethylene flat yarn having a width of 6 mm was prepared having a weight of 200 g wound around 2000 m.

Using the injection nozzle 20 as shown in FIG. 2, the abnormally charged soil material M is supplied to the jet port 1 under pressure by a slurry (ideal material) pump, and the hydrophobic agent F is supplied by a gear pump. Introduced into the hydrophobic inlet 11, the polyethylene flat yarn is inserted into the stirring tube 2 from the air inlet 3 through the guide ring 5 at one end thereof, and the wound 14 is rotated freely. The polyethylene flat yarn was allowed to be fed.

When the spraying is started, the air is sucked into the spray nozzle 20 from the air suction port 3 due to the ejection pressure of the abnormally released soil material M, and the hydrophobic agent F and the air A are stirred in the stirring cylinder 2. The mixture is forcibly mixed and agitated by the ejection flow of the over-the-counter soil substrate M. At this time, in order to improve the fluidity of the over-the-earth soil substrate M, the water added in advance to the substrate tank is hydrophobized to be plasticized. Greening base material (G) is discharged to the outside from the outlet (7).

On the other hand, the polyethylene flat yarn introduced from the air inlet (3) is supplied into the stirring vessel (2) by the suction force of the incoming air, attracted by the discharge of the greening base material (G) and the greening base material (G) from the outlet (7) ) Is discharged together and attached in a three-dimensional mixed state of the greening base material (G) of the spray surface. In this case, the injection nozzle 20 was shaken by hand as wide as possible up, down, left and right, and the injection range to the normal surface was adjusted to be about 10 cm in both up, down, left and right.

In this way, the polyethylene flat yarn discharged together with the greening base G is attached in the shape of being embedded in a complicated mesh shape inside the greening base to which it is attached.

In this case, the usage-amount of polyethylene flat yarn was about 2500 m with respect to the ideal land-based material M of one tank (capacity: 4000 liters) of an injector. In addition, the amount of use was found to be independent of the method of shaking the injection nozzle.

In the experimental example, the spray surface, which is the spray surface, has its inclination of 65 °, wherein a greening base of about 10 cm thickness was formed in one spraying operation, but the foundation did not flow down at all.

In the prior art, in the case of a normal surface such as a steep slope, when spraying with a thickness of 3 cm or more in one spraying operation, a dropping occurs, it is necessary to spray three to four times after draining once. In contrast to this, the method of the present invention can efficiently establish a greening base.

In this experimental example, only one strand of polyethylene flat yarn was used, but it was confirmed by other experiments that two or more strands of polyethylene flat yarns can be used at the same time by providing two or more air inlets in the injection nozzle.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the ideal material ejected from the ejection opening 1 is ejected by being mixed with the continuous element T of the fiber inserted from the air inlet 3 in the stirring cylinder, the continuous element G is sprayed onto the legal surface and then ejected. ) And soil adhesion are very good. In order to measure the adhesive effect with earth and sand, the following measurement was performed. That is, a non-flammable multifilament polyester was used as the long fiber of the continuous element T, and the thread was detached from the adhesion surface immediately after spraying, and the adhesion amount of the soil was measured. As a result, as in the prior art, when the yarn (fiber) and the earth and sand are sprayed separately from separate nozzles, the soil and sand are mostly not attached to the yarn, but according to the present invention, the yarn and the soil are in the stirring barrel of the nozzle. When mixed and sprayed, the soil was entangled in the yarn, and a large amount of soil was attached. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

However, the measured length of the yarn was 1m × 5 strands, and the weight of the thread with soil attached (1) in the state removed from the sprayed surface, and the weight (2) of the thread with soil removed from the thread was measured. With the weight (3) = (1)-(2) of only the soil attached to the yarn, the degree to which the soil was attached to the yarn, that is, the adhesion effect between the yarn and the soil was measured. As a result, as shown in Table 1, according to the present invention, a method of spraying and attaching soil (subsoil material) from a single nozzle to a construction surface together with a yarn enables more soil to adhere to the yarn. It turned out that the adhesive effect is large. This indicates that the tension of the yarn sufficiently exerts an effect on the pressure and the tensile force applied to the soil on the construction surface, and it has been found that it can hold a higher base strength and retain stability than the conventional method.

The greening base material injection nozzle of the present invention is supplied under pressure by a slurry (ideal material) pump having a large amount of liquid supply, and is ejected from a hole having a diameter of 20 mm, so that the distance of the ideal soil becomes approximately 20 m. The filaments of the continuous element mixed with are also followed to the place where the ideal soil is scattered. In addition, in order to increase the liquid supply pressure of the slurry pump for supplying the liquid, when the amount of water mixed with the soil is increased and a low concentration of an ideal material is produced and sprayed, the ejection pressure from the nozzle is increased, but it is ejected from the nozzle. After flying by the resistance of the air, the flying distance is reversed.

Therefore, in this invention, the apparatus (hydrophobic injector inlet) which can inject the hydrophobic agent (coagulant) F into the stirring cylinder 2 attached to the front-end | tip part of the abnormality material injector 1, Water is used for idealization by mixing the abnormally released soil material (M) and the hydrophobic agent (F) while aspirating the air from the air inlet (3), agglomerating the abnormally released soil material (M) using the air (A) as a catalyst. By separating and separating the abnormal land-based substrate M, the scattering of the abnormal material ejected from the nozzle was successfully prevented.

Soil separated and sintered and granulated from water flies 30 to 40 m without scattering, and the continuous long fibers mixed at the time of agglomeration of the above-mentioned land-based substrate M are completely mixed and closely adhered to the soil. It flies in full follow-up to and stably attaches to the earth and sand three-dimensionally mixed.

Next, Table 2 shows the results of comparative measurements of the yarn distances according to the methods.

In Table 2, the prior art method ejected 1 liter of water from a hole having a diameter of 1 mm, and blown the yarn using the ejection pressure.

In the method (1) of the present invention, an ideal material is prepared by mixing 2000 liters of water with 2500 liters of ideal soil, and using a high pressure slurry pump having a head lift of 17 kg / cm 2, the continuous material without granulating the ideal material. The ideal material was sprayed together with the fibers.

In the method (2) of this invention, 600 liters of 2% aqueous polyacrylamide aqueous solution was mixed with the nozzle as a hydrophobic agent, and continuous filament was sprayed, making an ideal material granulate using air as a catalyst.

As shown in Table 2, according to the present invention, the flying distance of the yarn by the conventional method can be extended by 10 times, and the work on the construction surface such as the grand law surface can be carried out efficiently.

Moreover, the inside of the cylindrical body 2 of a nozzle is depressurized by the ejection from the abnormal material ejection opening 1, The air inlet which inhales continuous long fiber T with air A by the pressure reduction effect. The size of (3) is open to 5 to 6 times the diameter of the ideal material jet port 1 with the diameter of 2 cm, and because the jet port is small, the jet port is not blocked by foreign matter. In addition, one nozzle can easily discharge any number of fibers of different thicknesses.

In addition, in the above embodiment, when the hydrophobic valve 13 of the injection nozzle 20 is closed to stop the injection of the hydrophobic agent F from the hydrophobic inlet 11 into the stirring tube 2, It is a matter of course that the same conditions as in the embodiment using the injection nozzle 10 are obtained, and the same effect as that is obtained.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. This embodiment is carried out by the embodiment of the present invention as described above is to provide water retention and drainage effect on the plant growth base formed by spraying the greening base material on the surface. In order to cultivate crops, a mulching method is generally used which covers the crop circumference with a vinyl film to prevent the soil from becoming too dry or damp. This embodiment uses a long tape with a water impermeable continuous element to implement this method. Since the technique and method of spraying the tape on the construction surface in this case are the same as in the previous embodiment, the detailed description thereof will be omitted and the difference from the previous embodiment will be mainly described.

In this case, in order to improve the water retention of the plant growth-based plant growth surface of interest, a water impermeable tape is sprayed onto the plant growth surface and attached. At this time, in order to increase the distance of the tape, the aqueous solution in which the binder is dissolved or water dispersed in the binder is emulsified, or a dilutely prepared abnormal earthenware is used instead of the abnormal earthenware used in the previous examples. In the preceding embodiment, stabilizing the sprayed land-based substrate is its main purpose, but in this embodiment, a tape mulching method for forming a tape mulching layer by covering the plant growth base with a tape-shaped film is the object thereof, and thus a solution or an ideal material. It is necessary to disperse the tape away using to widen the tape without non-uniformity into a relatively thin layer. Thus, in this embodiment, a tape folded twice or three times is not used, but a single tape having a width of about 2 cm is used.

Next, an example in which the present invention is actually performed will be described. As the injection nozzle, by spraying 4000 liter of slurry using the injection nozzle 10 or the closing nozzle of the hydrophobic injection valve 13 as the injection nozzle 20, the width is 2 cm and the length is approximately 2500 m. Phosphorous tape (flat yarn) is aspirated, sprayed together with the solution or the abnormal material, and adhered to the construction surface.

In this embodiment, four tapes each having a width of 2 cm are sucked and sprayed onto a 200 m square surface with 4000 liter of solution or an ideal material. The calculation can be calculated as follows from four tapes of 2 cm width being sucked and one tape being sprayed at 2500 m.

2cm × (2500m × 4) = 200㎡

Thus, in the case where the tape is sprayed on the 200 m2 normal surface without being uniform, a tape mulching layer having 100% coverage is obtained, but since there are actually overlapping places, the coverage after work is visually approximately 60 to 70 Although it becomes%, even at this degree, a moderate space | gap which forms a water retention effect and does not adversely affect the germination and growth of a plant is formed.

Next, the result of actually performing the test construction of tape injection is demonstrated. First, the case where the aqueous solution of a binder is used is demonstrated. The formulation contents of the aqueous solution of the binder used in this test construction are as follows.

The aqueous solution is supplied to the injection nozzle 20 (FIG. 2) under pressure by a pump (not shown), and is injected into the test construction area while the tape T is sucked from the air intake port 3. Since the hydrophobic agent is not used in this test construction, the hydrophobic agent injection port 11 is closed by the hydrophobic valve 13.

Next, the test construction in the case of using the above-mentioned soil material is described. The composition of the abnormal land-based materials in this test construction is as follows.

In addition, the hydrophobic agent which consists of the following formulations was further used for this test construction.

The above-mentioned overlying soil material and a hydrophobic agent were sprayed onto the construction surface of the test construction area together with the tape T sucked from the air suction port 3 using the spray nozzle 20 shown in FIG. At this time, the hydrophobic valve 13 was opened, and the hydrophobic agent was injected into the stirring tube 2 from the hydrophobic agent injection port 11.

The two types of construction materials described above were sprayed onto the greening surface by separate pumps and nozzles. In this case, as one of the greening surfaces of the test construction area, as shown in FIG. 7, the surface 26 in which the 10 cm-thick soil-based material was sprayed on the rock surface 21 as a plant growth foundation was formed. Or it is fixed to the rock surface by the base net 23 and anchor 24 which consist of resin nets, and the greening materials, such as the seed 25, are contained in it. As another of the greening surfaces, as shown in FIG. 8, a thin layer of the seed spraying layer 27 containing greening material such as the seed 25 is formed on the plain surface 22 which is easily dried like sand soil. . Next, a binder solution or an abnormally landscaping material is sprayed together with the water impermeable tape 31 on the normal surfaces 21 and 22 to form a tape mulching layer 35. In each construction site, a place adjacent to the construction area where no spraying was carried out is provided as the construction area of the construction site, and the construction area of the construction method and the construction area adjacent to it are 2 cm from the surface. The soil was collected from four places per 200㎡ by soil extractor from the soil and greening base below, dried at 100 ℃ for 24 hours, and its moisture content (weight ratio of water contained) was measured. The moisture content of the soil at four places was obtained and its average value was calculated. The results of several decades of this measurement are shown in FIGS. 9 (a), (b) and 10 (a) and (b).

FIG. 9 shows the water retention characteristic of the base when the tape is sprayed onto the plant growth base shown in FIG. 7, (a) of FIG. 9 shows a case where a binder solution is used, and (b) of FIG. The case where an ideal material is used is shown. FIG. 10 shows the water retention rate characteristic when the tape is sprayed on the soil soil shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 (a) shows the case where a binder solution is used, and FIG. 10 (b) shows the use of an ideal material. The case is shown. As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, although the zone using the binder aqueous solution showed a better water retention effect than the zone using the above-mentioned land-based base material, there was no significant difference in the results of both. Both of them dried with the passage of days, but the moisture content was lowered, but the moisture content was maintained at 18-20%, and the moisture content was not dried up to the moisture content of 15%, which is the point of hindering plant growth. In contrast, unsprayed areas were dried early, and after 15-20 days the initial dryness exceeded 13% of moisture, the drooping point. Looking at this, the tape ejection effect by this invention can be seen clearly. In addition, the construction area where this measurement was made was a relatively smooth surface, but in the case of a surface where the unevenness of the surface was very severe, the tape was firmly attached to the surface when using the ideal soil material rather than the binder solution. There was little scattering of the tape by.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. The difference between the above embodiment and this embodiment is that, while the former uses a simple water impermeable tape as the used tape, in this embodiment, an aluminum foil having a heat ray reflecting element, or a water fire having aluminum foil or aluminum powder adhered thereto. In using a transparent tape, other conditions are the same. Therefore, description of the other conditions is omitted.

Next, a practical example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described. This example was conducted twice during the cold winter months (February 1) and during the summer cold season (August 1). In the case of this test construction, the water impermeable tape which has a heat ray reflection element was sprayed using the ideal soil-based material. The test target site was sprayed according to the present embodiment on the plant growth base to which the greening base material was pre-injected, as in the previous example, and the temperature in the base was measured for half a year after construction. The results are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. In these figures, T ₁ represents the outside temperature, T ₂ represents the temperature in the unconstructed zone of the construction site, and T ₃ represents the temperature within the base of the construction zone. As shown in Figs. 11 and 12, the change in the ground temperature of the construction zone in which the injection is performed is not the change in the ambient temperature, rather than the change in the ground temperature of the undesigned zone in which the injection is not performed according to the present embodiment. In response it appeared gentle. As can be seen from this, the period of the temperature suitable for plant germination and growth in the base is extended by the practice of the present embodiment than the unconstructed zone. Therefore, in the place where the construction method of the Example of this invention was implemented, the period which can plant a tree plant is extended, and the greening effect is improved.

The effects of the present invention are as follows.

(1) Since the continuous elements are buried three-dimensionally in the greening base, the flow of the greening base material on the surface can be prevented, so that the spraying amount of one operation can be increased, and thus the time of waiting for the repeated spraying and drainage There is no loss.

(2) Since the spray nozzle has a large amount and flying distance of the greening base material sprayed from the discharge port, the work efficiency is improved, and it is possible to install on a large surface in a shorter period than the prior art.

(3) By mixing the continuous elements in the greening base, an environment suitable for plant growth such as water retention, drainage, air permeability, and heat retention in the base is created, and greening is promoted.

(4) The continuous effect of the continuous elements mixed in the greening base and the greening base has a large adhesion effect, and it is effective in preventing the collapse of the surface by strengthening the construction surface stably.

(5) By covering the surface of the greening base with a water impermeable tape-shaped continuous element, by increasing the water retention effect in the greening base, the mulching effect on the germination and growth of the plant is increased.

(6) By covering the surface of the greening base with water-impermeable tape having a heat ray reflecting element attached to aluminum foil or the like, the warming effect in the greening base can be increased, so that the proper time for construction such as seeding can be extended. .

Claims (5)

As described above, the distal end portion of the object-based material jet port is narrowed, a stirring cylinder having a stirring blade is provided in succession to the jet port, and the jet nozzle using a hydrophobic injection port and an air suction port is provided in the stirring tube in the vicinity of the jet port. The hydrophobic agent is injected into the stirring barrel of the nozzle, and the hydrophobic agent which forms the greening base material by further granulating the soil material is injected from the hydrophobic agent inlet into the stirring tube, and the air is injected from the air inlet. In the green-based composition method is introduced into the cylinder, and the mixing and mixing the abnormal land material, the hydrophobic agent and the air in the stirring barrel to the construction surface, the air inlet of the injection nozzle, seal, rope or tape It is also open to the outside to serve as a suction port for introducing a continuous element of the shape into the stirring barrel. The continuous element is sucked into the stirring tube through the air suction port together with the outside air by the depressurization effect caused by the ejection pressure of the ideal soil material which is ejected under pressure from the jet opening into the stirring tube. The continuous element to be introduced is stirred and mixed with the ideal soil material, the hydrophobic agent, and air introduced into the stirring tube to form a greening base material which is wrapped around the continuous element to form a greening base material. Greening base composition method, characterized in that by spraying from the outlet of the injection nozzle to the construction surface, plant germination growth base. The water-absorption tape-shaped continuous material of claim 1, wherein the abnormal landscaping material introduced into the jetting nozzle is a binder solution or dispersion by water or an abnormal landscaping substrate diluted with water. A tape mulching method is performed in which a urea is sucked into the stirring tube, and the continuous element is sprayed onto the plant growth base together with the binder solution or the ideal earthenware base to cover the surface thereof to achieve a mulching effect. Greening based composition method, characterized in that. The method of claim 2, wherein instead of the water-impermeable tape-shaped continuous element, a continuous element made of an aluminum foil or a water-impermeable tape to which an aluminum foil or aluminum powder is attached and having a heat ray reflecting element is used. Greening-based composition method. 2. The abnormally-based earth-based material according to claim 1, wherein the abnormally-based earth-based material introduced into the injection nozzle is made into an ideal-based earth-based material diluted with water, and a hydrophobic agent is added to the stirring cylinder of the injection nozzle to isolate the abnormally-based land-based material, and the air A water-impermeable tape-like continuous element is suctioned from the inlet into the stirring tube, and the continuous element is sprayed onto the plant growth base with the above-mentioned granular soil material to cover the surface thereof. A greening-based composition method comprising performing a tape mulching method. 5. A continuous element as claimed in claim 4, wherein instead of the water-impermeable tape-shaped continuous element, a continuous element made of aluminum foil or a water-impermeable tape to which aluminum foil or aluminum powder is attached and having a heat ray reflecting element is used. Greening-based composition method.

Images