JPH06197626A - Basal technique for vegetation in sandy ground - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a basal technique for preparing the ground capable of promoting vegetation on sandy ground such as a sandhill or desert, intended to maintain the water holding ability of the resultant prepared land for a long period of time to prevent its drying and feed plants with water very slowly with no concomitant salt accumulation. CONSTITUTION:A material or structure having both water holding ability and air permeability is prepared pref. in a columnar form in part of a sandy ground. This material or structure is pref. fine granule-aggregated structure, fibrous assembly, simple form of plant stems or aggregate thereof, lamellar form of polymer, rolled form of sheetlike material, bound form of fibers or plants, or timbers; the preparation technique is as follows: when the advancing part is pulled out of the tip of the hollow advancing component of a digger, said material or structure is inserted into the resultant bores, thus providing prepared area in part of the sandy ground.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening basic construction method for promoting the introduction of plants into sandy areas such as sand dunes and deserts where greening is difficult.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a plant is introduced into a sand dune or a desert where water retention is poor, a means of applying a thick layer of soil or supplying water with a sprinkler is generally adopted. However, these methods require a great deal of expense and cannot be expected to have a corresponding effect on the greening of vast deserts, and in the deserts of the tropical and arid regions, the evaporation of the water supplied is significant, which causes obstacles due to salt accumulation. Has occurred, and over the years, there has been a problem of becoming even more barren land.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to develop a basic method for promoting greening on sandy areas such as sand dunes and deserts having poor water retention, and to create an environment suitable for this sandy area. To do. In order to create an environment suitable for greening, first of all, it is necessary to improve the water retention capacity and water retention capacity in the sand, in other words, to create a water retaining tank in the sand to effectively use the water. . Secondly, it is necessary to supply water to the plants little by little from the above water-retaining part so that the plants do not easily die. In other words, it is desirable that this water retention part is less likely to release water. And thirdly, it is necessary to have a structure that extends the root system deep into the ground, and therefore, it is necessary to have a breathable structure. As a result, the plants are less likely to die (avoid damage), effective use of water can be achieved, salt accumulation can be avoided, and the amount of growth increases.

Fourth, it is important to prevent water from evaporating from the sand. This is because even if a large amount of water is supplied unnecessarily, salts will accumulate due to evaporation, resulting in the inhibition of plant growth. Fifth, economic efficiency is also an important factor, and a base of a certain thickness is required to grow plants, which increases costs, so it is desirable to create a base that is as efficient and labor-saving as possible. In particular, it is desirable to introduce woody plants (trees) rather than herbaceous plants in order to improve the environment such as deserts suitable for vegetation. Therefore, it is necessary to have a base suitable for vegetation with a considerable thickness, which leads to further economic growth. Sex is required.

The present invention aims to meet the above-mentioned first to fifth demands, and enhances the water-retaining capacity and water-retaining capacity in the sand, reduces the release of water and suppresses the evaporation, and the plant The purpose of the present invention is to provide a basic planting method that can supply water in small amounts without interruption and can efficiently and efficiently create a base that can extend the root system deep into the sand.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, as a result of intensive research, sand or a substance having a water-retaining property and a structure having a water-retaining property and a sanding property is applied to a bare sandy land having poor water-retaining property such as a sand dune or a desert. Partially formed in, the shape of this part is columnar, as the substance or structure having water retention and breathability fine particles aggregate structure, aggregate of fibrous material, It has been found that a plate-like polymer is suitable.

Further, when the shape partially formed in the sand is columnar, a polymer having the above-mentioned plate-like material, a wound body of a sheet-like material, as a structure having water retention and air permeability, It has been found that a bundling body such as fibers and plant stems, and a columnar body such as wood such as thinned wood and waste wood are suitable.

Further, as a method of burying a substance or structure having a water-retaining property and air permeability in a columnar body partially in the sand, when the propelling section of the excavator is propelled into the sand and extracted, the above-mentioned substances, etc. It has been found that a means for filling the propellant, for example, a method of extracting the propelling portion while pouring and filling a fibrous material or a plate-like material from the tip of the propelling portion, is suitable.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view in sand showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is one in which a material or structure having water retention and air permeability is embedded in a creation portion (t) partially provided in a sandy soil (s) as shown by a broken line. ing. The distance between the created parts (t) depends on the type of plant to be introduced, but in the case of trees 1 to 5 m ²
The ratio of individual pieces is preferable.

In general, as a process of forming a plant community,
At the beginning of germination, as seedlings grow dense and grow, dominant ones and inferior ones form in them, and the dominant ones are naturally culled every year by overwhelming the inferior ones and killing them, but it depends on the tree species for several years. At around a few m ² , it is culled up to the best condition. Therefore, according to the present invention, the forming portions (t) are provided at the intervals as described above so that the area does not have natural selection.

The size of the formation portion (t) is not particularly limited, but the diameter is 3 to 20 cm and the depth is 25 to 300 cm.
The position is in an appropriate range, and it is desirable that the formation portion (t) has a columnar shape as shown in FIG. In addition, the uppermost portion of the created portion (t) is preferably 5 to 20 cm deep from the surface of the sandy soil (s).

As the substance or structure having water retention and gas permeability embedded in the formation portion (t), there are aggregates of fine particles as shown in FIG. 1 (a), and as shown in FIG. 1 (b). A fibrous aggregate, a polymer of a plate-like material such as (c), or the like can be used. As the aggregate structure (a) of fine particles, for example, sand and bentonite are mixed and aggregated with a coagulant. Examples of the fibrous aggregate (b) such as granulated products include a bundle of ultrafine fibers, and examples of the plate-shaped polymer (c) include a laminate of plastic plates.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention and is a perspective view showing the state of growing plants. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a columnar body having a water-retaining and air-permeable structure is embedded in the formed portion, and (d)
A wood-like material, a sheet-like material winding material like (e),
As shown in (f), bundles such as fibers and plant stems are embedded.

As the wood (d), thinned wood or waste wood can be used, and as the wound body (e) of the sheet-like material, felt, old newspaper, corrugated paper, various perforated sheets, etc. are rolled up. As the bundle (f) of fibers or the like, a filament yarn, rice straw or the like bundled in a rod shape can be preferably used. It is more preferable that clay or the like is appropriately sandwiched between the wrapping body (e) and the bundling body (f) so that they are stacked or bound. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, it becomes more preferable if the fertilizer (p) is attached to an appropriate portion of the columnar buried body.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a propulsion unit of an excavator used in the practice of the present invention. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the lower end portion of FIG. As shown in these figures, the propulsion part (k) of the excavator is composed of the shaft (1) and the blades (2), but in the present invention, the shaft (1) is made into a hollow body and a spout (3) is provided at its tip. ) Is provided.

In this hollow body, (a), (b) and (c) of FIG.
The material (4) having the water-retaining property and the air-permeability as shown in (4) is put in, and the propulsion part (k) is rotationally propelled into the sand to dig a hole, and the propulsion part ( When the material (4) is discharged from the pouring outlet (3) and filled in the dug hole while extracting k) vertically or rotating (reverse rotation), very efficient and efficient formation is possible. Become.

In the above construction method, when a fibrous material forming material is used as the material (4), the spout (3) is provided with a large number of pores, and while pouring out while forming fibers.
Very good results can be obtained by filling, and when a material for forming a plate-like material is used as the material (4), the spout (3) is formed into a rectangular shape to form a plate-like material and to be stacked. It is possible to fill them together.

[0018]

The present invention has the above-mentioned structure, and a formation part is formed mainly in a columnar body partially in the sand, and a substance or structure having water retention and air permeability is embedded in this formation part. It is a structure in which a portion of the sand that is expected to be able to hold capillary water, which is quite thick and vertically communicates at appropriate intervals in the sand, is constructed and buried. It is now possible to remove the propulsion unit and bury it at the same time.

As shown in FIG. 2, seeds are sown or planted in the vicinity of the uppermost part of a columnar body (hereinafter, simply referred to as “columnar body” etc.) of a buried substance or structure having water retention and air permeability. Then
The plant (N) is grown. In the present invention, the root (n) of the plant (N) is made to crawl along the pillar or the like, and is expanded into the pillar or the like. Since the root system extends deep into the ground and the pillars and the like have a structure in which it is difficult to release water, the plant absorbs water from the pillars and the like little by little very slowly and without interruption. In other words, since the formed pillars and the like have water retention properties and air permeability, the capillary water retained therein is supplied to the plants with extremely slow movement.

Therefore, it is possible to avoid dry mortality of the plants, and the moisture absorbed and retained by the capillary water in the pillars and the like is hardly evaporated from the surface of the sandy ground and is stored in the sand for a long time. As a result, the salt is prevented from accumulating as it evaporates through the pores of the plant. Also, if these pillars are buried deeply to the groundwater level, they exert the effect of raising and retaining the groundwater, can effectively use the groundwater without evaporating from the ground surface, and have the function of retaining irrigation and rainwater for a long time. Therefore, as described above, it has a favorable effect on avoidance of plant death and growth.

The reason why the salt accumulation is avoided is not only that the pillars are buried in the sand as described above and the water content does not evaporate from the surface, and the water content such as precipitation and water sprinkling is removed. The high effective utilization rate of water, which absorbs water and is used for the root system for a long time, is also a major factor. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the columnar members and the like are partially formed at appropriate intervals, the introduced tree is surely settled and grown, and the grown tree blocks the surrounding bare ground from direct sunlight and prevents moisture. It prevents evaporation and creates a good environment for plant invasion.

As a result of the above, a plant form that grows without giving a large amount of water and that has a long root system and a small aerial part, that is, a plant form suitable for an arid zone that grows even if the water content is small. If it grows in an ecosystem where there is little water, conversely, if a large amount of water is given, not only will the ecosystem be destroyed, but the plant itself will not grow in a dry ecosystem. It will be. Therefore, the amount of water supply is reduced, salt accumulation can be avoided, the ecosystem is not destroyed, the management cost is low, it can grow in the natural ecosystem, and green that is in harmony with nature can be introduced.

[0023]

【Example】

Example 1 A test section (a) in which four holes each having a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 30 cm were dug in a sandy ground and filled with only local sand, a diameter of about 10 cm and a length of 2
A test section with a 5 cm wood pillar inserted (b), a test section with a mixture of 30% bentonite in the local sand and aggregated with a flocculant (c), and a bentonite mixing rate of 50% The test sections (d) filled with the above were respectively formed, and each of them was covered with local sand to a thickness of 5 cm.

Water was charged and dispersed in each test section to make it saturated with water, and then left for 75 days to measure the water content around (side) each test section. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0025]

[Table 1]

From this Table 1, it is a test section of the present invention (b)
(C) and (d) have a higher water content closer to the created part even after 75 days and retain the water in the surrounding sand, and it was judged that they are suitable for greening. It was recognized that it was excellent. Compared with this, it is judged that the local test zone (a) with only sand has low water content both in the surrounding area and in the remote areas, and is not suitable for greening.

Example 2 A test section (a) in which four holes each having a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 30 cm were dug in a sandy ground and filled with only local sand, a diameter of about 10 cm and a length of 25
A test section in which a cm wooden pillar was embedded (b), a test area in which a felt (non-woven fabric) having a thickness of about 1 cm was wound to have a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 25 cm was embedded (c), and the felt was wound. A test section (d) in which a columnar object formed by uniformly inserting about 700 g of a superabsorbent polymer into the
Each of them was covered with about 5 cm of local sand.

The seeds of yamahagi were sown on the uppermost part of each test section, and the irrigation was stopped after the irrigation was controlled appropriately and germination was awaited. The following results were obtained by measuring and comparing the elongation of the roots of yamahagi 77 days after the stoppage of watering. Test area (a): Length of main root 17-21 cm; average 19
cm test section (b) ... length of main root 20-28 cm; average 24
cm Test plot (C) ... Length of main root 22-25 cm; average 2
3.5 cm test section (d) ... Length of main root 27-30 cm; average 29
cm

From these results, it can be seen that the development test zone according to the present invention has a good elongation of the main root, and when the roots extending from the main root are included in the calculation, the elongation of the whole root is much better than that of the sandy land alone. I can judge.

In Example 1, bentonite and sand aggregated with a pseudo-aggregating agent were put into the hollow body of the propulsion part of the excavator, and when excavating to make a hole, from the spout at the tip. When the holes were poured and filled into the holes, the construction was extremely efficient and efficient.

[0031]

The effects of the present invention are as described in detail in the section of action, but are summarized as follows in brief itemized form. (1) This is a basic greening method that can promote the introduction of plants into sandy areas such as sand dunes and deserts that are difficult to green. (2) Since a substance or structure having partial water retention and air permeability to the sandy soil is created, the root system is promoted to expand into the sand, it is useful for avoiding mortality, and the plant can be established.

(3) Since a substance or structure having water retention and air permeability is formed into a pillar deep in the ground, a partial rise in groundwater level is promoted, which is suitable for avoiding tree death and promoting growth. (4) Since the water held by the land development section is supplied to the plants very slowly and without interruption, dry mortality can be avoided even if there is no long-term rainfall or irrigation. (5) Since the material is buried in the formed part in the sand, it is possible to prevent water evaporation from the surface of the sand, and there is no accumulation of salts, which does not adversely affect plants.

(6) Since the root system extends along the surface of the formed part or penetrates into the formed part and extends deep into the ground, the plant grows well without dying. (7) The excavator construction method is simple, efficient and efficient construction is possible, and the economy is excellent. As described above, the present invention exhibits extremely high utility for greening sandy land.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view in sand showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention and is a perspective view showing a state in which a plant is growing.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a propulsion unit of an excavator used in implementing the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the lower end portion of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (S) Sandy land (t) Creation part (a) Fine particle aggregate structure (b) Fibrous aggregate (c) Plate-like polymer (d) Wood (e) Sheet-like material winding Body (f) Bundling body such as fiber (p) Fertilizer (N) Plant (n) Root (k) Propulsion part of excavator (1) Shaft (2) Blade (3) Pouring outlet (4) Material

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A greening basic construction method in a sandy land, characterized in that a water-retaining and air-permeable substance or a water-retaining and air-permeable structure is partially formed in sand. 2. The greening in a sandy land according to claim 1, wherein a substance selected from aggregates of fine particles, fibrous aggregates, simple substance of plant stems and aggregates thereof is used as the substance having water retention and air permeability. Basic construction method. 3. The greening foundation method for sandy land according to claim 1, wherein the shape partially formed in the sand is columnar. 4. A structure having water retention and air permeability,
The method for constructing a greenery foundation in a sandy ground according to claim 1 or 3, wherein a columnar body is used. 5. A column-shaped structure having water retention and air permeability, which is a polymer of a plate-like material, a wound body of a sheet-like material, a bundle of fibers or plant stems, a wood such as a thinned material or a waste material. The method for constructing a greenery foundation in a sandy land according to claim 4, wherein a method selected from the group consisting of: 6. A sandy land, characterized in that a propelling portion of an excavator is propelled into sand, and while the propelling portion is being pulled out, a substance or structure having water retention and air permeability is partially formed in the sand. Basic greening method in Japan. 7. The sandy material according to claim 6, wherein the substance or structure having water retention and air permeability is selected from the group consisting of aggregates of fine particles, fibrous aggregates and polymers of plate-like substances. Basic greening method. 8. A shaft of a propelling section of an excavator is a hollow body, and the propelling section is formed while the fibrous material forming material contained in the hollow body is discharged from a large number of spouts provided at the tip of the propelling section. The greening foundation method for sandy land according to claim 6, wherein the aggregate of fibrous substances is filled inside the excavated hole, which is extracted while being vertically or rotated. 9. The propelling section of the excavator is constructed with a shaft as a hollow body, while the plate-like material forming the hollow body is discharged from a rectangular spout provided at the tip of the propelling section while the propelling section is vertically moved. Alternatively, the method for constructing a greening foundation in a sandy ground according to claim 6, wherein the polymer of the plate-shaped material is filled into the excavated hole while being rotated.