JP2005046038A - Plant growth basement material and method for creating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant growth basement material having high water-holding capacity to store water in a vegetation basement so as to stably sprout and grow plants on a slope, preventing drop or slip at the time of spraying work, hard to be eroded even by a strong wind and hard rain and having high erosion resistance. <P>SOLUTION: This plant growth basement material is obtained by admixing with an organic base material and/or an inorganic base material, 5-50 vol. % of thin sections of a vegetable material with an internal hollow structure, in more details, thin sections of the vegetable material obtained by cutting into 0.5-20cm a vegetable material in which the stem of a gramineous plant forms a straw-like shape. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant growth base material that is created by spraying on slopes and slopes, and is used for planting and planting plants on slopes and slopes. It is intended to promote germination and growth of plants in the dry season, prevent dripping and loss of the growth base, and provide a growth base excellent in erosion resistance and a method for producing the same.

  Greening and vegetation of soilless rocky ground and rock slopes include organic base materials such as bark compost, peat moss and coconut galapeat (cocopy), or inorganic base materials such as perlite, vermiculite and mountain sand, or a certain percentage of these. Mix, add seeds and fertilizer, mix cement and ash materials or polymer synthetic resin such as vinyl acetate resin and acrylic resin as bonding agent, and feed these materials into spraying machines such as mortar sprayers. Then, a vegetation base material spraying work is carried out widely, which is mixed and agitated, and is conveyed by a material hose with compressed air and sprayed onto a slope from a nozzle portion.

Furthermore, water is added to organic base materials such as bark compost and peat moss to inorganic base materials such as clay soil, seeds, fertilizers, adhesives, etc., and mixed and stirred in the tank, and squeeze pumps, turbine pumps, etc. as slurry mud bases There is a method of spraying the soil using a clay, and as a method for creating a growth base of aggregated structure by adding anionic or cationic flocculant or ash stabilizer to the soil material The method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2734 is used.
JP-A-1-310019 JP-A-9-302668 JP-A-8-158373 Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-2734 Edited by Japan Rock Revegetation Association

  Moisture and nutrients are the most important factors for creating a plant growth base on a soilless rocky or poorly soiled slope and creating a lasting plant society. In particular, under the special condition that moisture is on the slope, rainwater flows down the surface of the growth base, the inside of the base or the natural ground along the slope, so how to retain and store water in the growth base created by spraying etc. As shown in Fig. 1, the thickness of the growth base is closely related to the supply of moisture in the organic thick layer base material spraying technical data edited by Japan Rock Revegetation Association. It is a factor that determines the thickness of its growth base, depending on the conditions of natural ground, precipitation, slope, and other location conditions. That is, the spraying thickness of the growth base is determined depending on how the growth base having excellent water retention can be created, and if this can be done, the growth base can be economically and inexpensively created.

  In the vegetation base material spraying method (thick layer base material spraying method) and the like, a material having high water retention such as peat moss and pearlite is mixed in the base material to compensate for this, but peat moss is soft and compressed by compressed air. , Water retention ability will be lost. In addition, pearlite and bark compost are also compacted, and pores are closed by cement or polymer resin used as a bonding agent, so that it is difficult to fully exhibit its water retention ability.

In addition, seeds, fertilizers and water are added to organic and inorganic base materials to form a slurry mud base, and an anionic or cationic flocculant or ash-based material is added thereto to form a growth base of aggregate structure. In the aggregate agglomeration method, the aggregate is generally large, so it has excellent water permeability, and there are many cracks in the sprayed ground, and the amount of water retention is large in the ground including viscous soil with high water retention capacity. In the small natural ground, the shape of the growth base was a porous aggregate, so the water retention capacity in the growth base was low.
In addition, since the power of entanglement between the aggregates is small, the bonding force between the aggregates is low, cracks are generated, and the base formed by heavy rain is washed away, or the slurry mud base is dropped when sprayed One spraying thickness was limited and repeated spraying was performed. As a means for solving this problem, a construction method has been developed and used in which continuous long fibers disclosed in JP-A-1-310019 are mixed, and the vegetation base material is three-dimensionally entangled to improve and combine the aggregate structure. .

  However, even in such a continuous long fiber mixed agglomeration method, since it is sprayed as a slurry mud substrate, the water contained in the base material is separated in the coagulation process and discharged as separated water, so that it is sprayed over a certain thickness. The problem that the base itself itself sags along with the flow of the separated water remains, is further exposed to strong winds and heavy rain, the surface of the base is eroded and continuous long fibers are exposed, not only unsightly, but also small birds and The adverse effects on the ecosystem were also significant, such as the death of small animals entangled with the fibers.

As a means for solving these problems, JP-A-9-302668 mixes a hydroxycarboxylic acid-based aliphatic polyester continuous fiber having an average molecular weight of about 5 × 10 ^{3 to} 5 × 10 ⁵ as an adhesive continuous long fiber, A method of bonding a base material, continuous fibers, and continuous fibers is also disclosed. However, in order to decompose the aliphatic polyester in the base material, it is necessary to promote the decomposition using a base, an acid, an enzyme, or the like. Such a base or acid is not necessarily preferable for the growth of the plant, It is complicated and uneconomical in terms of construction.

  Further, in order to continuously supply such continuous fibers from the nozzle section, a continuous fiber supply device as disclosed in JP-A-8-158373 is required, and the supply device is provided even though the device is lightweight and compact. It is difficult to work on a steep slope wearing a jacket and wearing a jacket, and the danger is high.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and its purpose is to provide a plant growth base with high water retention capability that stably retains moisture, which is the most important element for germinating and growing plants on inclined surfaces. Therefore, the present invention provides a simple and economical means for preventing plant sagging and slipping during the spraying operation and having a high erosion-resistant plant growth base that is not eroded by strong winds and heavy rain, and a method for producing the same.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fine slice of a plant material having an internal hollow structure in addition to organic and inorganic base materials, seeds, fertilizers, etc., which are blended in a normal growth base material, more specifically, A plant material sub-section formed by cutting a plant material such as a rice plant, that is, rice, wheat, pasture, etc., whose stems form a straw shape into 0.5 to 20 cm, preferably about 2 cm to 5 cm, has a volume ratio of 5 to 5. 50%, preferably about 10 to 30% is mixed.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a growth base construction method in which a flocculant or a soil stabilizer is mixed in the growth base to form a aggregate structure, or water is mixed in a tank and sprayed onto the slope as a slurry mud base from the nozzle part. In a method for creating a plant growth base or a method for creating a growth base in which water or an aqueous solution such as a flocculant is mixed in a part of a hose that conveys a growth base or in the vicinity of a nozzle, About 10 to 30% of a material obtained by cutting a slice, preferably a stalk of a gramineous plant, to about 2 cm to 5 cm is mixed.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, surface soil obtained near the construction site can be mixed in about 5 to 50%, preferably about 5 to 20%. The surface soil contains a large amount of plant seeds such as trees and roots that grow naturally near the construction site, and the surface soil containing these embedded seeds is mixed and sprayed together with the growth base material to provide a plant growth base. By creating it, it becomes possible to quickly establish a plant community close to the local natural vegetation, so that the restoration and regeneration of nature can be achieved at an early stage, and the forestation by natural vegetation can be made early.

  In the present invention, a plant material having a hollow internal structure cut to a length of 0.5 to 20 cm, more specifically, a plant material subsection such as a stalk of a gramineous plant, has a volume ratio of 5 to 50% organic and / or Mix and stir into inorganic growth base material. The plant material subsections thus mixed are randomly arranged three-dimensionally to form a growth base.

  This three-dimensionally mixed plant subsection has not only the water absorption of the material itself, but also the water absorption capacity of the base by its hollow structure, and also retains moisture as water droplets inside it, It is possible to improve the water holding power that is most necessary for the plant growth base formed on the slope. Further, the hollow structure is not broken due to the blowing pressure at the time of blowing, and the base is not consolidated and can hold the aeration water absorbing structure.

Furthermore, this plant material fine slice combines and entangles the aggregates forming the aggregate structure, suppresses cracking (cracking) due to drying and shrinkage, and creates a stable growth base of the aggregate structure. Furthermore, in the method for constructing a plant growth base in which water is mixed in a tank or a part of a hose or in the vicinity of a nozzle portion and sprayed as a slurry mud substrate, the separated water discharged from the mud substrate is separated into an internal hollow structure With the straw shape), it is possible to discharge more smoothly and prevent the slurry mud substrate from falling or slipping down, thereby creating a more stable growth base.
In addition, this excess water (separated water) discharging ability smoothly discharges the permeated water and the like in the plant growth base during heavy rain, dramatically improves the erosion resistance, and creates a more stable growth base.

Further, according to the present invention, no large-scale mechanical equipment is required, and it is possible to mix and agitate with organic and / or inorganic growth base materials in the tank, and the mixing amount can be adjusted as necessary. Is possible.
In addition, plant material subsections such as rice straw and pastures are cut with combine etc. and spread on the fields. Effective use of this is useful from the aspect of recycling, and the acquisition cost is inexpensive and economical. Also excellent.
In addition, since the material of the present invention is a plant material, it is decomposed by soil microorganisms and becomes an organic fertilizer when it is mixed with organic and inorganic base materials without adding a decomposition accelerator or the like. In other words, it is a more preferable material for natural regeneration because it is a substance that changes to soil like the growth base material.
The water retention and heat retention properties of straw have been known for a long time, and the walrus white stretch method and seed fertilized mushiro that stick seeds and fertilizers to the walnut white are still used. However, at present, the amount of use has been greatly reduced due to the complexity of the construction.
Moreover, the technique of building a soil wall that mixes and mixes straw with clay is a technique that fixes the clay soil of an inorganic material to a vertical wall surface, and shows its high adhesion and bondability. Similarly, the plant material fine slice of the present invention is intertwined with the growth base material to form a stable growth base.
In addition, since a stable growth base with high erosion resistance is created in this way, a greening base work such as a net or a wire net can be omitted on a slope with a slope of about 45 °.

In the present invention, the water absorption and water retention of the plant growth base formed by mixing 5 to 50% of the volume ratio of a fine slice cut from about 5 to 20 cm of the plant material having an internal hollow structure is significantly improved. Germination and initial growth of the introduced plant were promoted and stabilized. Furthermore, the growth base sprayed as a slurry mud base is quickly discharged to prevent dripping and slipping, the aggregates forming the aggregate structure are firmly fixed, and the growth base is also excellent in erosion resistance. Was able to be created.
In addition, the material used in the present invention also has a recycling effect that effectively uses the material that has been disposed of, can be obtained in large quantities, is cost-effective and economical, and is easy to mix and stir in the tank. Then, it can be formed by a very easy and simple construction in which it is transported by a transport hose and sprayed from a nozzle part, and its adaptability is wide such that its mixing property is high and its mixing amount can be freely adjusted.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 shows an example of construction of slurry mud base spraying according to the present invention, wherein 1 is a container pack in which an organic base material and an inorganic base material are packed. In this embodiment, 30% bark compost and 20% peat moss are mixed as the organic base material, and 50% of clay soil (each volume ratio) is mixed as the inorganic base material. use. The container pack 1 is lifted to the material input port of the spraying machine 5 by a crane mounted on a truck 4 with a crane, and is put into the spraying machine 5. Reference numeral 7 denotes a vegetable thin section bag having an internal hollow structure, which is packed in a bag and carried to the site, and is transported by the spraying machine 7 by the belt conveyor 6 and mixed. The amount of the plant material fine slice added can be appropriately changed depending on the site conditions, construction time, etc. In this example, 10% was added to the base material. Seed, fertilizer, etc. are mixed in this, water is added, and it fully mixes and stirs in the sprayer 5 tank. The mixed and stirred growth base material is discharged by a pump, and sprayed as a slurry mud base 11 to the natural slope 12 by a spray nozzle 10 through a transport hose 8 to form a plant growth base. Further, at this time, the flocculant aqueous solution 2 is fed by the aqueous solution hose 9 by the aqueous solution pump 3 and mixed in the nozzle portion or in the middle of the hose, thereby forming a plant growth base having a aggregate structure.
In this embodiment, a turbine pump sprayer is used. However, any type of pump such as a squeeze pump, piston pump, or snake pump that can discharge a mud base can be sufficiently pumped and sprayed. Since the length of the thin section is short, it will not clog in the pump or hose.

  As another spraying method, it is possible to use a mortar sprayer, etc., and similarly mix and stir in the tank and air-feed and spray, but in this case, the base material has viscosity such as viscous soil or surface soil May adhere to the inside of the tank or hose and impair the workability, so it is transported as an empty kneading in the tank and mixed with water or an aqueous solution such as a flocculant or stabilizer near the nozzle to form a slurry mud substrate. Spray.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a plant material having an internal hollow structure according to the present invention. The internodes have a straw shape and are closed at the nodes. Naturally, not only the stem part but also the leaf part and the ear part are mixed, but this is not a problem.
In other words, the plant material has water absorption even at the leaves, branches, and ears, and the role as a binder between the nodules is sufficiently achieved. As this plant material, various plant materials such as rice straw, wheat straw and pasture are used.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a plant growth base constructed according to the present invention, 12 is a natural mountain slope, 13 is a plant material subsection, and 14 is an organic and / or inorganic growth base material. The plant material fine slices are mixed and agitated in the tank together with the growth base material, so that they are randomly arranged in various forms to fix the soil particles having a aggregate structure, and to absorb and retain water from the surface.

It is the figure which showed the site conditions closely related to hydration. It is a system diagram showing one of the embodiments according to the present invention. It is an enlarged view of the vegetable material subsection which has an internal hollow structure by this invention. It is sectional drawing of the plant growth base by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Growth base material container pack which mixed organic and inorganic base material etc. 2 Coagulant aqueous solution 3 Aqueous solution pump 4 Truck with crane 5 Spraying machine 6 Belt conveyor 7 Plant material fine section bag 8 Transport hose 9 Aqueous solution hose 10 Nozzle 11 Slurry mud Substrate 12 natural slope 13 plant material subsection 14 organic and / or inorganic growth base material

Claims (6)

  A growth base material for slope spraying, characterized in that a plant material subsection having an internal hollow structure is mixed with a plant growth base material adjusted by an organic and / or inorganic base material in a volume ratio of 5 to 50%.   A growth base material for slope spraying characterized in that it is a plant material fine section according to claim 1 or a stem branch of a grass family plant, and has a length of 0.5 to 20 cm.   The plant growth base material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic base material is mixed in the range of 30 to 60%, the inorganic base material is in the range of 10 to 60%, and the plant fine slice is in the range of 5 to 50%. Growth base material for slope spraying.   In the method for producing a growth base, a flocculant or a stabilizer or an aqueous solution thereof is mixed and mixed for the purpose of forming a aggregate structure in a plant growth base material adjusted by an organic and / or inorganic base material. The growth base material for slope spraying characterized by mixing the plant material subsection of claim | item 1-3, and its preparation method.   In a method for constructing a plant growth base in which a plant growth base material adjusted by an organic and / or inorganic base material is sprayed on a slope, water or the flocculant or stabilizer is contained in a tank and / or near a hose and / or nozzle. In the method for constructing a plant growth base to which an aqueous solution is added and sprayed as a slurry mud substrate, the plant base material according to claim 1 is mixed and mixed, and the growth base material and its production method .   In the growth base material for slope spraying according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a method for producing the same, in addition to the organic and / or inorganic base material and the plant material fine slice, A plant growth base material characterized by mixing about 50% and a method for producing the same.

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