JP3521428B1 - Greening method and plant growth base material - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening method which effectively utilizes food by-products and has an excellent greening effect. SOLUTION: A plant growing base material 1 is formed by mixing a seaweed residue obtained by extracting an agar component from a seaweed, and the plant growing base material 1 is provided in a layer form on a slope 11 to form a plant growing base 12. In agar production, agar components are extracted, and seaweed residues to be discarded can be used for greening.Moreover, nutrients contained in the seaweed residues promote plant cultivation, and the seaweed residues allow plants to grow. Water retention can be given to the growth base.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a greening method and a plant growing base material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a greening base material used for this type of greening method, soil, fertilizer, etc. are mainly used, and as the fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, slow-release nitrogen-containing fertilizer, other slow-acting fertilizer, etc. Soil conditioners, microorganisms, vegetative growth hormones, or composts are added as necessary, locally generated soil is used as the soil, and if it is unsuitable, it is brought in from another source and the soil meets the standard particle size distribution. However, a substance that does not contain harmful miscellaneous substances and organic impurities is used (for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, as the base material, organic materials such as peace moss and bark compost may be used, and base materials other than the organic materials (soil-based, sandy soil-based, other recycled materials, etc.) may be used (for example, Patent Document 2).

On the other hand, the rooting material generated by the construction is made into chips, and the chipped chips are separated into large chips and small chips containing rhizosphere soil, and the large chips are dried and then carbonized. The carbonized carbide is formed into a predetermined layer thickness as a carbonized layer on the slope base layer formed by the construction work of the slope, and a small chip material containing the rhizosphere soil of the carbonized layer is formed. There is a slope greening method in which a plant growing base material formed on a soil suitable for growing plants is mixed to form a predetermined layer thickness as a plant growing base layer (for example, Patent Document 3). In addition, the local topsoil, the agglomerating agent, water, and wood chips are mixed, and this mixture is put into a hopper equipped with an opening / closing means at the discharge port, and this hopper is hung on a crane equipped on a self-propelled vehicle, There is a slope greening method in which the mixture is sprinkled on the slope of the greenery through a hopper discharge port (for example, Patent Document 4).

Further, a step of installing a chip receiver on the forming slope, a step of crushing felled wood chips into fibrous chips, a step of depositing the crushed fibrous chips, and the fibrous chips on the forming slope. Slope protection and greening method by felling material, which comprises a step of spraying to form a fibrous chip layer and a step of spraying a seed / fertilizer layer on at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the fibrous chip layer (for example, Patent Document 5 ), 15 cm in length and 1 cm in diameter, crushed into fibrous felled wood chips for 3 months or more, and trees have harmful harmful effects on trees (antibacterial components such as hinokitiol)
The fibrous chip layer 3 from which is removed is spread evenly on the slope 1 with a thickness of about 3 to 5 cm or blown with air.

[0005]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-237606 (paragraph 0)
012)

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-161116 (paragraph 0016)

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-196664 (paragraph 0009)

[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-98775 (paragraph 00)
(11 steps)

[Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-227210 (paragraph 0)
009)

[0006]

In each of the above-mentioned greening methods, various fertilizers and microorganisms are mixed and used as a base material for the purpose of growing plants. Artificial organic customers such as bark compost and peat moss are used. When soil is used as the main material, there is a problem that the raw material cost becomes high. Therefore, it is desired to develop a base material that can reduce the raw material cost and has an excellent greening effect.

By the way, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3, a small chip is used as the base material, and in Patent Document 4, the wood chip is used as the base material. However, in both cases, the wood chip is processed without drying or composting. If it is used as it is, as described in Patent Document 5, it is impossible to use a large amount of untreated wood chips as the greening base material because the greening does not proceed due to the influence of harmful substances such as greening and the greening requires a long time. There's a problem.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a greening method and a plant growing base material having an excellent greening effect by effectively utilizing food byproducts to reduce the raw material cost of the base material.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The greening method according to claim 1 is
In the greening method of providing a plant growing base suitable for growing plants on the greening construction surface, a plant growing base material is formed by mixing the seaweed residue obtained by extracting the agar component from the seaweed, and the plant growing base material is used for the greening construction surface. It is a construction method that is provided in layers.

According to this aspect of the invention, in the agar production, the seaweed residue from which the agar components are extracted and discarded can be utilized for greening, and moreover, the nutrients contained in the seaweed residue are It can promote the growth of plants and can give water retention to the plant growth base by the seaweed residue. In this way, by effectively using food by-products, it is possible to reduce the raw material cost of the base material and to recycle the food by-products.

A greening method according to a second aspect is a method in which a wood chip is mixed with the plant growing base material.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the wood chips themselves have a low nutritional value, by supplementing the wood chips with the nutrients contained in the seaweed residue, it becomes possible to compost the wood chips and to make them green. A suitable plant growing base material can be obtained.

Further, the greening method of claim 3 is a method of mixing sludge fermenting fertilizer and effective microorganisms in the plant growing base material.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, by combining the nutrients of the seaweed residue, the sludge-fermenting fertilizer, and the effective microorganisms, even if the wood chips are raw wood or wood chips in a state close to that of raw wood, the wood chips are A mixture containing a large amount can be used as a plant growing base, and the one that is easy to construct and has an excellent greening effect can be obtained.

The plant growing base material according to claim 4 is a plant growing base material which is provided in layers on a greening construction surface to form a plant growing base suitable for growing plants, wherein a seaweed residue obtained by extracting an agar component from seaweed is used. It is a mixture.

According to the structure of claim 4, in the agar production, by using the seaweed residue from which the agar components are extracted and discarded, the material cost of the base material can be reduced, and the seaweed residue can be reduced. The nutrients contained in the product promote the growth of plants, and the mixed seaweed residue provides a plant growth base material having water retention.

[0017]

1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the present invention, a seaweed residue is used as the plant growing base material 1, and this seaweed residue is , Which is a by-product generated during the production of agar, that is, in the production of agar, seaweeds of red algae such as hornwort, Amakusa, and Oxtera are used as the raw material for the agar, and this raw material is washed with water, ripened and agar components are added to hot water. Is used and the residual seaweed residue obtained by filtering this is used. Since this seaweed residue contains minerals and the seaweed residue has water retention, the base material 1 is retained by mixing it with water. It is possible to impart sex.

Further, as the plant growing base material 1, plant material such as felled wood, thinned wood, driftwood, etc. felled at the site of construction civil engineering work etc. is used as the main material of the plant growing base, and in the slope construction, The felled wood generated by the construction of the slope is used as a plant material. Examples of the plant material include felled lumber, thinned lumber, driftwood, pruned lumber, and end branches. It should be noted that the felled wood is root removal material (root part extracted from the ground)
Also includes. Further, woody waste materials generated from buildings can also be used as the plant material.

In the present invention, the plant material is crushed to form wood chips (chip processing) without subjecting the plant material to a drying treatment or a composting treatment. The wood chips preferably have a length of 150 mm or less and a diameter of 25 mm or less.

Further, sludge fermenting fertilizer and effective microorganisms are mixed in the plant growing base material 1. The sludge fertilizer is
The sludge such as sewage is fermented and made into a fertilizer, and the sludge at the sewage end-of-life treatment plant or the fertilizer obtained by microbial treatment of the mixture of the raw material of plant or animal substances is used. In addition to sewage sludge, fermented sludge of various types such as human waste treatment facility and agricultural settlement wastewater treatment facility sludge and purification layer sludge can be used.

As the effective microorganisms, microorganisms effective for composting the wood chips are used, and examples thereof include lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, actinomycetes, Azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacteria and Agariae bacteria. Moreover, these effective microorganisms can be supplied as so-called blur fertilizer, which is a slow-acting fertilizer.

Then, the wood chips, the seaweed residue, the sludge fermentation fertilizer, and the blur manure are mixed to form the plant growing base material 1. In addition, by mixing a small amount of binder with the plant growth base material 1, a slope surface 11 which is a greening construction surface can be obtained.
It serves to join the plant growing base material 1 sprayed onto the slopes of the slope 11. Further, seeds can be mixed with the plant growing base material 1.

When the slope 11 is formed, it may be either a cut slope formed by shaving the soil or an embankment slope. When a plant material is generated at the construction site, this is used as a wood chip to grow the plant base material. Used for 1. In the present invention, since the plant growing base material 1 is sprayed on the slope 11 to form the plant growing base 12 composed of the layer of the plant growing base material 1, it is preferable that the lath wire mesh or the organic material is formed on the slope 11 before spraying. A fixing net body 13 such as a net and an anchor member 14 such as an anchor pin are installed in advance.

Reference numeral 21 is a spraying machine such as a mortar concrete spraying machine, and a power generation device 22 such as a compressor.
And a spraying device main body 23, a hose 24 is connected to the spraying device main body 23, and a spray nozzle is attached to the tip of the hose 24.
25 is further provided with a mixer 26 such as a mixing hopper, and the mixture 1 mixed by the mixer 26
Is supplied to the spraying device main body 23 by a conveyor 27, is pressure-fed in the hose 24, and is blown from the spraying nozzle 25 to the slope 11.
Be sprayed on.

Next, the procedure of the revegetation method will be described with reference to FIG. 1. When the slope 11 is to be constructed, the plant material generated by felling or the like is accumulated (S1) along with the construction and the plant material is collected. Is processed on the spot to form wood chips (S2). A plant obtained by mixing (S3) the seaweed residue containing seaweed minerals, the sludge fermentation fertilizer, the sludge fertilizer containing the effective microorganisms, the binder, and the seeds on the wood chips (S3) The growing base material 1 is sprayed onto the slope 11 by the spraying machine 21 (S4), and the plant growing base material 1
A plant growing base 12 is formed by layering. In addition, plant material generated at another site may be brought into the site where greening is performed and processed into wood chips, or a site where plant material generated at another site is processed into wood chips and then greened You can bring it to the factory or you can bring the wood chips processed in the factory to the site where you plant trees.

In the slope greening structure thus formed, it is not necessary to dry or compost the plant material, so that the plant material generated at the site can be chipped and used as it is. Therefore, by mixing seaweed minerals and sludge fermenting fertilizer with raw wood or wood chips that are close to the state of raw wood, it is suitable for greening by giving the nutritional value necessary for composting, and an extremely simple construction method is used. Therefore, even if the cost of chipping the plant material is added, the construction can be performed at a cost close to the conventional method. In this case, there is also a cost advantage in that the use of plant material generated on site eliminates the need for yard or industrial waste treatment. In addition, the seaweed residue used is conventionally discarded as it is a by-product generated in the process of producing agar, and even if the seaweed residue after extracting the agar components in this way, nutrients such as minerals are also discarded. Since it contains a large amount of water and has viscosity, it promotes the activity of microorganisms by its nutrients and promotes the composting of wood chips, and the water retention of the plant growth base 12 on the slope 11, which is a slope due to its water retention. Can be ensured, and its viscosity can prevent the plant growth base 12 from scattering and flowing out. In addition, since the effective microorganisms supplied by the obscure manure and the like are utilized in natural farming methods or natural agriculture, they are suitable for nature and play a role of keeping the slope 11 vegetative and stable. Then, the plant growth base 12 incorporates the advantages of natural farming or natural agriculture by utilizing blurring manure, and if the plant material generated at the site is used, it prevents the generation of waste materials at the site, and the food by using the seaweed residue. The waste can be effectively used and the waste from the sewage project can be utilized by using the sludge fermenting fertilizer. This revegetation method can be extremely effective as a recycling system.

Another characteristic configuration of the plant-growing base material 1 is that the plant-growing base material 1 is made of wood chips as a main material without mixing soil such as on-site generated soil or soil. Of course, the soil attached to the root removing material and the like is mixed with the plant-growing base material 1, but when mixing the soil separately, the amount is extremely small compared to the capacity of the wood chips. The wood chips are used in an amount of 5 to 95% by weight with respect to the plant growth base material 1.

Experimental example With Formulation 1 according to the present invention, raw wood such as felled wood is chipped
1m of wood chips ³Used, the size of wood chips is 2
It was set to 5 mm or less. Generated by agar production on wood chips
25 kg of seaweed residue from sludge, fermented sewage sludge
50kg fermented fertilizer, 12.5k indigenous microorganisms
g and 4 kg of binder were mixed. Also, as seeds,
Le fescue, creeping red fescue, kentucky
Over Bluegrass, mugwort, Medohagi, Yamahagi, weasel
A total of 0.94 kg of Hagisa was mixed.

As a comparative example, in the formulation 2, the seaweed residue, sludge fertilizing fertilizer and blur manure were not used in the formulation 1, that is, 1 m ^{3 of} wood chips and 4 kg of the binder.
And 0.94 kg of seeds were mixed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the mixture of the above formulations 1 and 2 was sprayed on the clay-like slope 11 with a gradient of 1: 0.6 and a soil pH of 7.27 to form a layer, and the slope 11 was formed. The mixture of the formulation 1 and the formulation 2 was sprayed on the two sections H1 and H2 divided in the width direction, respectively. Therefore, the plant growing base 12 of the present invention is provided in the section H1.

The results are shown in Table 1 below. The test was conducted in autumn.

[0032]

[Table 1]

Both compartments H1 and H2 germinated 5 to 10 days after spraying. As shown in Table 1, after 24 days, the section H1
, While the growth of the section H2 has declined. After 38 days, the growth of the compartment H2 was clearly delayed compared to the compartment H1, which is considered to be due to lack of nutrients in the formulation 2. 49 days later, tiller and dense planting of gramineous plants in the section H1 proceeded, after which there was almost no new germination, and as shown in Table 1, there was a large difference in plant height, and in the section H2, tiller progressed. First, the slope surface was exposed. Incidentally, FIG. 3 shows the state after 49 days. As described above, it was found that the slope structure excellent in the greening effect was obtained by mixing the seaweed residue, the sludge-fermenting fertilizer and the blur manure with the wood chips.

As described above, in this embodiment, in accordance with claim 1, the agar component is extracted from seaweed in the greening method in which the slope 11 which is a greening construction surface is provided with the plant growing base 12 suitable for growing plants. Plant growth base material 1 mixed with seaweed residue
Since the plant-growing base material 1 is formed on the slope 11 in a layered manner, the agar component extracted in the agar production and discarded can be utilized for greening, and the seaweed is The nutrients contained in the residue promote the growth of plants, and the seaweed residue can impart water retention to the plant growth base 12.

As described above, in this embodiment, since the wood chips are mixed with the plant-growing base material 1 according to claim 2, the wood chips themselves have a low nutritive value and thus are included in the seaweed residue. By supplying nutrients to the wood chips, the wood chips can be composted and the plant growing base material 1 suitable for greening can be obtained.

Further, as described above, in this embodiment, since the sludge fermenting fertilizer and the effective microorganisms are mixed in the plant growing base material 1 according to claim 3, the nutrients of the seaweed residue and the sludge fertilizing fertilizer are effective. By combining with a microorganism, even if it is a wood chip in a state of a raw tree or a state close to a raw tree, the plant growing base material 1 containing a large amount of the wooden chip can be used as the plant growing base 12, which simplifies the construction. An excellent greening effect can be obtained.

As described above, in this embodiment, in accordance with claim 4, the plant growing base material 1 for forming the plant growing base 12 suitable for growing plants is provided in layers on the slope 11 which is a greening construction surface.
In, since the seaweed residue obtained by extracting the agar component from the seaweed was mixed, in the agar production, the agar component was extracted,
By using the seaweed residue to be discarded as the plant growth base material 1, the material cost of the plant growth base material 1 is reduced, and the nutrients contained in the seaweed residue promote the growth of the plant and mix it together. The plant growing base material 1 having water retention property is obtained from the seaweed residue.

Further, as an effect of the embodiment, since the plant material is the felled lumber generated at the slope construction site which is the construction site, the felled lumber generated at the construction site is not dried or composted, It can be directly processed into wood chips for use. Further, since the plant growth base material 1 is sprayed on the slope 11 to form a layer, the plant growth base 12 can be easily formed on the slope 11 by spraying.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The plant growing base material 1A has the same structure as the plant growing base material of the first embodiment except that the binder is not mixed. Further, the greening construction surface 31 is a flat land without inclination, such as a wasteland or a sandy land. In the construction, the plant growth base material 1A is spread on the greening construction surface 31 or sprayed to form the plant growth base 32. To do. When the planting surface 31 is flat as in this example, it is not always necessary to mix the binder with the plant growing base material 1A.

As described above, in this embodiment, in accordance with claim 1, in the revegetation method in which the replanting construction surface 31 is provided with the plant growing base 32 suitable for growing plants, a seaweed residue obtained by extracting agar components from seaweed. 1A of plant-cultivation base material mixed with is formed and layered on the greening construction surface 31 of the plant-cultivation base material 1A, the agar component is extracted in the agar production, and the seaweed residue to be discarded is used for greening. You can
Moreover, the nutrients contained in the seaweed residue promote the growth of plants, and the seaweed residue can impart water retention to the plant growth base 32.

Further, the wood chips, the sludge fermenting fertilizer and the effective microorganisms are mixed with the plant growing base material 1A.
Corresponding to (3) and (3), the same operational effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained.

As described above, in this embodiment, in accordance with claim 4, in the plant growing base material 1A which is provided in layers on the greening construction surface 31 to form the plant growing base 32 suitable for growing plants, seaweed Since the seaweed residue from which the agar component was extracted is mixed, the agar component is extracted in the agar production, and the seaweed residue to be discarded is used for the plant growing base material 1A to reduce the material cost, and The nutrients contained in the seaweed residue promote the growth of plants, and the mixed seaweed residue yields the plant growth base material 1A having water retention properties.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. The plant-growing base material 1B is composed mainly of soil such as on-site soil or soil.
The main material 41 is mixed with the seaweed residue and seeds, and the greenery construction surface 31 is provided in layers to form a plant growth base 32 having a predetermined thickness. In addition, a fertilizer is mixed with the plant growing base material 1B as needed. Then, the greening construction surface 31 is a flat land without inclination, such as a wasteland or a sandy land. In the construction, the plant growth base material 1B is spread on the greening construction surface 31 or sprayed to form the plant growth base 32. To do.

The seaweed residue thus mixed with the plant-growing base material 1B is a by-product that is conventionally generated in the agar production process and is discarded, and the seaweed residue after extracting the agar components in this way. Even if it is a substance, it contains a lot of nutrients such as minerals and has water retention and viscosity, so the nutrients activate the activity of microorganisms and promote greening, and the water retention secures the water retention of the plant growth base 32. It is possible to prevent the plant growth base 32 from scattering and flowing out due to its viscosity.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, in accordance with claim 1, in the revegetation method in which the revegetation construction surface 31 is provided with the plant growing base 32 suitable for growing plants, a seaweed residue obtained by extracting agar components from seaweed. Is used to form the plant growth base material 1B, and the plant growth base material 1B is provided in layers on the greening construction surface 31, so the agar component is extracted in the agar production, and the discarded seaweed residue is used for greening. You can
Moreover, the nutrients contained in the seaweed residue promote the growth of plants, and the seaweed residue can impart water retention to the plant growth base 3.

As described above, in this embodiment, in accordance with claim 4, in the plant growing base material 1B which is provided in layers on the greening construction surface 31 to form the plant growing base 32 suitable for growing plants, seaweed Since the seaweed residue from which the agar component was extracted is mixed, the agar component is extracted in the agar production, and the seaweed residue that is discarded is used for the plant growing base material 1B to reduce the material cost, and The nutrients contained in the seaweed residue promote the growth of plants, and the mixed seaweed residue yields the plant growth base material 1B having water retention properties.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, in addition to the red algae described in the embodiment, various seaweeds can be used as raw materials for the agar, and
Sludge fertilizer and effective microorganisms can be appropriately selected.

[0048]

The greening method according to claim 1 is a greening method in which a plant growing base suitable for growing plants is provided on the surface of the greening construction, and the plant growing base material is a mixture of seaweed residue obtained by extracting agar components from seaweed. It is a construction method of forming the plant growing base material in a layered manner on the greening construction surface, and by effectively utilizing food by-products, it is possible to reduce the raw material cost of the base material and provide a greening method with an excellent greening effect. it can.

The greening method according to the second aspect is a method of mixing wood chips with the plant growing base material, and it is possible to provide a greening method having an excellent greening effect by effectively utilizing food by-products.

Furthermore, the greening method of claim 3 is a method of mixing sludge fermenting fertilizer and effective microorganisms in the plant growing base material, and provides a greening method excellent in greening effect by effectively utilizing food by-products. be able to.

The plant growing base material according to claim 4 is a plant growing base material which is provided in layers on a greening construction surface to form a plant growing base suitable for growing plants, and a seaweed residue obtained by extracting an agar component from seaweed is used. It is a mixture, and by effectively utilizing food by-products, it is possible to provide a plant growing base material having an excellent greening effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a construction procedure showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a slope explaining the construction method.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a part of a slope showing an experimental example.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a greening construction surface showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a greening construction surface showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1A, 1B Plant growth base material 11 Slope (greening construction surface) 12 Plant growth platform 31 Afforestation construction side 32 Plant growth platform

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plant growing base material in which a seaweed residue obtained by extracting an agar component from seaweed is mixed to form a plant growing base material in a greening method in which a plant growing base suitable for growing plants is provided on the surface of greening construction. Is provided in a layered manner on the above-mentioned greening construction surface. 2. The greening method according to claim 1, wherein woody chips are mixed with the plant growing base material. 3. The greening method according to claim 2, wherein the plant growing base material is mixed with sludge fermenting fertilizer and effective microorganisms. 4. A plant growth base material for forming a plant growth base suitable for growing plants, which is provided in layers on a greening construction surface, and is a plant characterized by mixing a seaweed residue obtained by extracting an agar component from seaweed. Cultivation base material.