JPWO2014112506A1 - 金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法及び金属−樹脂接合体 - Google Patents
金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法及び金属−樹脂接合体 Download PDFInfo
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
- B29C65/0672—Spin welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、このような方法で得られた金属−樹脂接合体である。
例えば、前記振動溶着により金属部材の樹脂接合層と樹脂部材との間を熱溶着する場合、往復振動を与える時間(すなわち、振動付与時間)については、通常0.2秒以上60秒以下、好ましくは0.2秒以上15秒以下であるのがよく、この振動付与時間が0.2秒より短いと十分な接合強度が得られない場合があり、反対に、60秒より長くしても接合強度が更に高くなることがなく、接合面間の樹脂同士が完全に融解し、接合面外に流出してバリとなり、結果として接合部の外観不良及び樹脂接合部の厚みを制御できない等という不具合が発生する虞がある。
また、射出溶着により金属部材の樹脂接合層と樹脂部材を熱溶着する場合、樹脂部材がPPであれば、シリンダ温度230℃及び金型温度50℃等の一般的にPP樹脂部材が射出成形される条件内で接合させることが可能である。
また、接合面間に安定した接合強度を有すると共に外観等の特性に優れた金属−樹脂接合体を低コストで提供することができる。
以下、実施例及び比較例に基づいて、本発明の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法及び金属−樹脂接合体を具体的に説明する。
なお、以下の実施例及び比較例においては、金属部材として幅30mm×長さ90mm×厚さ3mmの大きさのアルミニウム合金板(JIS A5052-H34)からなるアルミ板材(アルミ部材)を用い、また、このアルミ部材の接合面に積層する樹脂接合層を形成するための樹脂シートとして幅30mm×長さ90mm×厚さ0.1〜10mmの大きさのオレフィンシート(三井化学社製商品名:アドマー)を用い、更に、樹脂部材として幅30mm×長さ90mm×厚さ3mmの大きさのポリプロピレン成形板材(PP成形体)を用いた。
先ず、アルミ板材を30wt%-硝酸水溶液に常温で5分間浸漬し、次いでイオン交換水で十分に水洗した後、5wt%-水酸化ナトリウム溶液に50℃で1分間浸漬し、更に水洗した後、30wt%-硝酸水溶液に常温で3分間浸漬して水洗する前処理を施した。
上記の前処理P1が終了した後に、更にアルミ板材を95℃の純水に1分間浸漬する水和処理を施した。
上記の前処理P1が終了した後に、更にアルミ板材を50℃のリン酸クロメート液に10秒間浸漬する三価クロメート処理を施した。
上記の前処理A又はBが終了した後のアルミ板材に対して、その片面側全面に厚さの異なるオレフィンシートを重ね合わせ、これをホットプレス機(アズワン製ホットプレス機)にセットし、140℃で30秒間加圧する条件でホットプレスし、図1に示すように、アルミ板材2aの片面側にオレフィンシート(樹脂接合層)2bが積層されたアルミ樹脂積層板材2を作製した。
各実施例及び比較例において使用されたオレフィンシート(樹脂接合層)の膜厚(mm)を表1に示す。
次に、作製したアルミ樹脂積層板材2のオレフィンシート(樹脂接合層)2b上に上記のPP成形体(樹脂部材)3を重ね合わせ、これを振動溶着機(精電社社製:VL-1900)にセットし、周波数238.2Hz及び最大振1.6mmの往復振動を加圧力5〜7MPa及び振動付与時間0.1〜10秒間の条件下に加え、図2に示すように、アルミ板材の接合面にPP成形体が接合された試験片(金属−樹脂接合体)1を作製した。
各実施例及び比較例において適用された加圧力(MPa)及び振動付与時間(sec.)を表1に示す。
以上のようにして得られた各実施例及び比較例の試験片(金属−樹脂接合体)1について、せん断引張り強度試験装置(島津製作所社製:オートグラフ)を用い、図3に示すように、アルミ部材2側とPP成形体3側との間に引張力を作用させ、各試験片が破断した時の破断荷重(N)を測定すると共に、このせん断引張り強度試験後の試験片が図4に示す破壊形態A〜Cのいずれの形態で破壊したかを調べて、各試験片のせん断引張り強度を評価した。
このせん断引張り強度の評価は、×:図4に示す破壊形態Aの場合、○:図4に示す破壊形態Bの場合、及び、◎:図4に示す破壊形態Cの場合の3段階で行った。結果を表1に示す。
また、金属部材として幅100mm×長さ100mm×厚さ3mmの大きさの前記アルミ板材(アルミ部材)を用い、また、樹脂シートとして幅100mm×長さ100mm×厚さ0.6mmの大きさの前記オレフィンシートを用い、更に、樹脂部材として幅100mm×長さ100mm×厚さ3mmの大きさの前記PP成形体を用いて、上記の各実施例及び比較例の場合と同様にして深絞り用試験片(金属−樹脂接合体)を調製し、これら各深絞り用試験片について、深絞り性評価試験機(エリクセン社製:エリクセン試験機)を用い、各試験片をエリクセン試験機のダイスとシワ押えの間に挿入し、シワ押え圧270kg及び試験速度3ノッチの条件下に半球状ポンチで各試験片を押圧し、各試験片を完全なカップ形状に成形した。その後、カップ形状に成形された各試験片について、その全体を詳細に観察し、○:各部に亀裂が無い場合、及び、×:いずれかの部分に亀裂が存在する場合として評価した。結果を表1に示す。
接合強度(せん断引張り強度)試験及び深絞り性評価試験の結果を示す表1に示す結果から明らかなように、オレフィンシート(樹脂接合層)の膜厚が0.05mmの比較例1及び2においては、振動溶着の際の振動付与時間が0.5秒又は3秒の場合に、いずれも破壊形態がA評価であって、十分なせん断引張り強度が得られず(比較例1及び2)、これに対して、樹脂接合層の膜厚が0.2〜0.5mmである実施例1〜6においては、振動溶着の際の振動付与時間(0.5〜3秒)に関わらず、せん断引張り強度及び深絞り性が共に良好であった。
次に、作製したアルミ樹脂積層板材2のオレフィンシート(樹脂接合層)2b上に上記のPP成形体(樹脂部材)3を重ね合わせ、これを超音波溶着機(TELSONIC社製:USP-2000)にセットし、周波数20kHz、振幅50%、溶着時間1秒の条件下にて超音波溶着を行い、図2に示すように、アルミ板材の接合面にPP成形体が接合された試験片(金属−樹脂接合体)1を作製した。
せん断引張り強度試験及び深絞り性評価試験の評価結果を表2に示す。
次に、作製したアルミ樹脂積層板材2のオレフィンシート(樹脂接合層)2bを射出成形機(NISSEI社製ST10R2V)内の金型にセットし、PP樹脂を射出時間(保圧時間を含む)5秒、射出速度60mm/秒、保圧力90MPa、シリンダ温度280℃、及び金型温度50℃の成形条件で射出成形し、図2に示すように、アルミ板材の接合面にPP成形体が接合された試験片(金属−樹脂接合体)1を作製した。
せん断引張り強度試験及び深絞り性評価試験の評価結果を表3に示す。
また、本発明の金属−樹脂接合体は、接合面において安定した接合強度を有すると共に外観等の特性にも優れているので、自動車用各種センサーの部品、家庭電化製品の部品、産業機器の部品等の各種部品の製造に好適に利用可能である。
Claims (12)
- 金属部材と熱可塑性樹脂製の樹脂部材とを接合して金属−樹脂接合体を製造する方法であり、金属部材の接合面に予め前記樹脂部材と相溶性を有する熱可塑性樹脂からなる膜厚0.01〜9mmの樹脂接合層を積層し、前記金属部材の樹脂接合層と前記樹脂部材との接合面間を熱溶着により接合することを特徴とする金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂接合層が、予め前記樹脂部材と相溶性を有する熱可塑性樹脂製の樹脂シートの接着により形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂接合層は、前記金属部材の表面に対して樹脂シートをラミネート接着して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂シートのラミネート接着による樹脂接合層の形成に先駆けて、前記金属部材の表面に酸水溶液を用いる洗浄処理からなる前処理を施すことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂シートのラミネート接着による樹脂接合層の形成に先駆けて、前記金属部材の表面に酸水溶液を用いる洗浄処理からなる前処理を施した後に、前記金属部材の表面に水和処理、ジンケート処理、及び三価クロメート処理から選ばれたいずれかの前処理を施すことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記金属部材の樹脂接合層と前記樹脂部材との間の熱溶着が、前記樹脂接合層と樹脂部材との接合面を相互に押圧し、相対運動により摩擦熱を発生させて加熱する接合方法であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記熱溶着による接合方法が振動溶着であって、前記樹脂接合層の膜厚が0.1〜9mmであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記熱溶着による接合方法が超音波溶着であって、前記樹脂接合層の膜厚が0.01〜1mmであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記熱溶着による接合方法が射出溶着であって、前記樹脂接合層の膜厚が0.05〜9mmであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記金属部材がアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなるアルミ部材であり、また、前記樹脂接合層及び樹脂部材がオレフィン系樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂接合層及び前記樹脂部材が、ポリプロピレン及び/又はポリエチレンであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の金属−樹脂接合体の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の製造方法により製造された金属−樹脂接合体。
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JP2018114670A (ja) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-07-26 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 塗装鋼板と樹脂材との複合体の製造方法 |
CN111565906B (zh) * | 2017-12-28 | 2022-08-23 | 株式会社电装 | 树脂成形体及其制造方法 |
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