JPWO2014024732A1 - 太陽光蓄熱システム、及びこれを備えた農園芸用ハウス - Google Patents
太陽光蓄熱システム、及びこれを備えた農園芸用ハウス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2014024732A1 JPWO2014024732A1 JP2014529436A JP2014529436A JPWO2014024732A1 JP WO2014024732 A1 JPWO2014024732 A1 JP WO2014024732A1 JP 2014529436 A JP2014529436 A JP 2014529436A JP 2014529436 A JP2014529436 A JP 2014529436A JP WO2014024732 A1 JPWO2014024732 A1 JP WO2014024732A1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
- F24S10/502—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates and internal partition means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
- F24S10/755—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. zig-zag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
-
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Abstract
Description
太陽光蓄熱システムであって、
熱交換媒体槽と、
この熱交換媒体槽内に存在する液状熱交換媒体とを含み、
上記熱交換媒体槽は、光を熱交換媒体槽の少なくとも1つの平面に対して入射角0°で入射させ、熱交換媒体槽のこの入射平面に対して略平行に相対する平面から透過させたとき、波長380〜780ナノメートルの可視光線領域の透過率が50%以上であり、波長780〜2500ナノメートルの赤外線領域の吸収率が10%以上であり、
上記液状熱交換媒体は、波長380〜780ナノメートルの可視光線領域に吸収極大を有する色素を、この吸収極大における液状熱交換媒体による光の吸収率が5%以上となる濃度で含み、
熱交換媒体槽の少なくとも1つの平面壁を透過した光は、少なくともその一部が液状熱交換媒体に入射することを特徴とする太陽光蓄熱システムである。
更に、上記液状熱交換媒体を熱交換媒体槽の内部及び外部の間で移送する手段を有することを特徴とする上記の太陽光蓄熱システムである。
農園芸用ハウスであって、
太陽光が直射する構成材の少なくとも一部分に、上記の太陽光蓄熱システムを含み、
上記太陽光蓄熱システムは、太陽光蓄熱システムを透過した光の少なくとも一部がハウス内部に入射するように設置されていることを特徴とする農園芸用ハウスである。
また、農園芸用ハウスの「構成材」は、この農園芸用ハウスを構成する部材であれば特に限定されない。「構成材」には、一般に屋根材及び壁材と称されるものが包含される。
また、ここでの「槽」は、外面形状として、少なくとも1つの平面とこれに対して略平行に相対する平面とを有し、かつ内容積を有する容器である限り、特にその外面形状及び内面形状は限定されない。槽の外面形状の代表的な例は、略直方体であり、典型的な例は扁平な略直方体である。
同様に、太陽光を熱交換媒体槽の少なくとも1つの平面に対して入射角0°で入射させ熱交換媒体槽の入射平面に対して略平行に相対する平面から透過させたときの波長780〜2500ナノメートルの赤外線領域の吸収率は、波長780〜2500ナノメートルにおける吸収スペクトルの積分面積の、波長780〜2500ナノメートルの全範囲における吸収率が100%であると仮定した場合の吸収スペクトルの積分面積に対する割合である。
例えば、(イ)赤外線吸収機能材料を含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物のフィルム;
(ロ)赤外線吸収機能材料を含む硬化性樹脂組成物を透明樹脂フィルムに塗布硬化した積層体;
(ハ)赤外線吸収機能材料を含む硬化性樹脂組成物を、熱交換媒体槽を構成する少なくとも1つの壁(例えば直方体槽の最大面である壁)の内側に直接塗布硬化した塗膜;
(ニ)赤外線吸収機能材料を含む無機系組成物を、熱交換媒体槽を構成する少なくとも1つの壁(例えば直方体槽の最大面である壁)の内側に直接塗布硬化した無機コーティング膜などをあげることができる。
なお上記(ロ)の態様においては、赤外線吸収機能材料を含む硬化塗膜の層が、液状熱交換媒体と接触する側になるように、かつ、透明樹脂フィルムが、熱交換媒体槽を構成する壁と貼合する側になるように設置することが好ましい。
http://www.nodai.ac.jp/journal/research/amaki/050708.html
(文献2)AQUA用語辞典「植物育成に必要な波長」
http://mame−design.jp/aqua/term/aqua−term−plant_upbringing.shtml
農園芸ハウスを暖房する必要が生じたときは、配管2、5、11を閉じて、配管9と10を開き、ポンプ4を作動させることにより貯媒体槽3から高温の液状熱交換媒体Lが配管9を通って空調設備8へと供給される。空調設備8にて使用されて冷えた液状熱交換媒体Lは、配管10を通って貯媒体槽6に回収される。
農園芸ハウスを冷房する必要が生じたときは、配管2、5、11を閉じて、配管9と10を開き、ポンプ7を作動させることにより貯媒体槽6から低温の液状熱交換媒体Lが配管10を通って空調設備8へと供給される。空調設備8にて使用されて温まった液状熱交換媒体Lは、配管9を通って貯媒体槽3に回収される。
更に配管2、5、9、及び10を閉じて、配管11を開き、ポンプ7を作動させることにより液状熱交換媒体Lを貯媒体槽3から貯媒体槽6へと、あるいは貯媒体槽6から貯媒体槽3へと、移送することができる。
日本化薬株式会社のジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(6官能アクリル系紫外線硬化型樹脂;固形分100質量%;以下、DPHAと略す。)100質量部、住友金属鉱山株式会社の酸化タングステン分散液(分散液はメチルエチルケトン;濃度40質量%;以下、タングステン分散液と略す。)500質量部、チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ株式会社の光重合開始剤「ダロキュアー1173」(商品名)4質量部、台湾双邦實業の光重合開始剤「PI−718」(商品名)1質量部、メチルエチルケトン/プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル=1/1(体積比)の溶剤100質量部を混合、攪拌して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を得た。ユニチカ株式会社の二軸延伸ポリエステルフィルム「ユニチカS」(商品名、厚み50μm)の片面にアンカーコート剤(東洋紡株式会社のバイロン24SS(商品名))を乾燥膜厚で1μmになるよう塗布し、これを透明樹脂フィルムとして使用した。この透明樹脂フィルムのアンカーコート処理面に上記で得た樹脂組成物を、フィルムメイヤーバー方式の塗工装置を用いて乾燥後の塗膜厚みが2μmとなるように塗布し、乾燥し、紫外線照射し、そして得られた積層体をロールに巻取り、赤外線吸収機能を有する蓄熱フィルムを得た。
こうして得た蓄熱フィルムについて、島津製作所株式会社の分光光度計SolidSpec−3700(商品名)を用いて測定したスペクトルから、上記段落0015と同様にして算出した波長380〜780ナノメートルの可視光線領域の透過率は70%であり、波長780〜2500ナノメートルの赤外線領域の吸収率は90%であった。
底面板22に用いた熱強化ガラスと全く同じ強化ガラスから縦100mm×横100mmの大きさで切り出した小片の上に、平面板21に用いた積層体と全く同じ積層体から縦100mm×横100mmの大きさで切り出した小片を、蓄熱フィルムの面が下になるように置いて試験片とした。この試験片について、島津製作所株式会社の分光光度計SolidSpec−3700(商品名)を用いて波長380〜780ナノメートルにおける透過スペクトルを測定した。この透過スペクトルから上記段落0015と同様にして、即ち、透過スペクトルの波長380〜780ナノメートルの積分面積の、波長380〜780ナノメートルの全範囲における透過率が100%であると仮定した場合の透過スペクトルの積分面積に対する割合(%)を算出した。この算出値を、熱交換媒体槽の波長380〜780ナノメートルの可視光線領域の透過率とした。
同様に、上記で得た試験片について、島津製作所株式会社の分光光度計SolidSpec−3700(商品名)を用いて波長780〜2500ナノメートルの吸収スペクトルを測定した。この吸収スペクトルから上記段落0015と同様にして、即ち、吸収スペクトルの波長780〜2500ナノメートルの積分面積の、波長780〜2500ナノメートルの全範囲における吸収率が100%であると仮定した場合の吸収スペクトルの積分面積に対する割合(%)を算出した。この算出値を、熱交換媒体槽の波長780〜2500ナノメートルの赤外線領域の吸収率とした。
上記と全く同じ色素を含む液状熱交換媒体について、島津製作所株式会社の分光光度計SolidSpec−3700(商品名)、光路長10mmの石英セルを使用し、波長380〜780ナノメートルの可視光線領域の吸収スペクトルを測定した。この吸収スペクトルにおける吸収極大の吸収深さの、その吸収極大の波長における吸収率を100%と仮定したときの吸収深さに対する割合(%)を算出した。この算出値を、吸収極大における液状熱交換媒体による光の吸収率とした。
なお本実施例では、太陽光蓄熱システムにおいて、光を熱交換媒体槽の平面板21に対して入射角0°で入射させ底面板22から透過させたとき、色素を含む液状熱交換媒体中を光が進む距離と、分光測定条件の光路長とが同じ10mmであるため、光が進む距離について換算の必要はない。本実施例と異なり、光が進む距離と光路長とが違う場合には、次式により換算した値を吸収率として算出する。
吸収率(換算)=100−[{(100−A)/100}^(B/10)]×100
ここで
A:上記割合(%)
B:色素を含む液状熱交換媒体中を光が進む距離(mm)である。
L・・・液状熱交換媒体
2・・・高温液状熱交換媒体移送用の配管
3・・・高温液状熱交換媒体貯蔵用の貯媒体槽
4・・・高温液状熱交換媒体移送用のポンプ
5・・・低温液状熱交換媒体移送用の配管
6・・・低温液状熱交換媒体貯蔵用の貯媒体槽
7・・・低温液状熱交換媒体移送用のポンプ
8・・・空調設備
9・・・貯媒体槽3と空調設備8を接続する配管
10・・・貯媒体槽6と空調設備8を接続する配管
11・・・貯媒体槽3と貯媒体槽6とを接続する配管
21・・・平面板(上面板)
22・・・底面板
23・・・側面板
24・・・赤外線吸収機能を有する蓄熱フィルム
41・・・貯媒体槽6の液面と貯媒体槽3の液面との高低差
51・・・熱交換媒体槽1内部に液状熱交換媒体Lの流路を設けるための堰板
Claims (3)
- 太陽光蓄熱システムであって、
熱交換媒体槽と、
この熱交換媒体槽内に存在する液状熱交換媒体とを含み、
上記熱交換媒体槽は、光を熱交換媒体槽の少なくとも1つの平面に対して入射角0°で入射させ、熱交換媒体槽のこの入射平面に対して略平行に相対する平面から透過させたとき、波長380〜780ナノメートルの可視光線領域の透過率が50%以上であり、波長780〜2500ナノメートルの赤外線領域の吸収率が10%以上であり、
上記液状熱交換媒体は、波長380〜780ナノメートルの可視光線領域に吸収極大を有する色素を、この吸収極大における液状熱交換媒体による光の吸収率が5%以上となる濃度で含み、
熱交換媒体槽の少なくとも1つの平面壁を透過した光は、少なくともその一部が液状熱交換媒体に入射することを特徴とする太陽光蓄熱システム。 - 更に、上記液状熱交換媒体を熱交換媒体槽の内部及び外部の間で移送する手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽光蓄熱システム。
- 農園芸用ハウスであって、
太陽光が直射する構成材の少なくとも一部分に、請求項1又は2に記載の太陽光蓄熱システムを含み、
上記太陽光蓄熱システムは、太陽光蓄熱システムを透過した光の少なくとも一部がハウス内部に入射するように設置されていることを特徴とする農園芸用ハウス。
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JPS56164466U (ja) * | 1980-05-09 | 1981-12-05 | ||
JPS5795549A (en) * | 1980-12-06 | 1982-06-14 | Taiyo Sanso Kk | Solar heat collector device |
JPS6226456A (ja) * | 1985-07-25 | 1987-02-04 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 太陽熱温水器 |
JP2005265251A (ja) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-29 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 太陽熱温水器 |
JP2010505049A (ja) * | 2006-09-28 | 2010-02-18 | ビー−ポッズ・ホールディングス・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド | 太陽エネルギー収集装置 |
JP2011151082A (ja) * | 2010-01-19 | 2011-08-04 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | 太陽光利用システム |
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JPS56164466U (ja) * | 1980-05-09 | 1981-12-05 | ||
JPS5795549A (en) * | 1980-12-06 | 1982-06-14 | Taiyo Sanso Kk | Solar heat collector device |
JPS6226456A (ja) * | 1985-07-25 | 1987-02-04 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 太陽熱温水器 |
JP2005265251A (ja) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-29 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 太陽熱温水器 |
JP2010505049A (ja) * | 2006-09-28 | 2010-02-18 | ビー−ポッズ・ホールディングス・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド | 太陽エネルギー収集装置 |
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