JPWO2011132676A1 - 直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒並びにこれを用いた直接型燃料電池用カソード及び直接型燃料電池 - Google Patents
直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒並びにこれを用いた直接型燃料電池用カソード及び直接型燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- carbon catalyst
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Abstract
Description
まず、炭素化の対象となる原料を調製した。すなわち、1.5gのポリアクリロニトリル−ポリメタクリル酸共重合体(PAN/PMA=92.5mol%/7.5mol%)を30mLのジメチルホルムアミドに溶解させた後、1.5gの2−メチルイミダゾールと、1.5gの塩化コバルト(CoCl2)六水和物と、を加え、室温で2時間攪拌することにより、これらの混合物を得た。
上述の実施例1−1で得られた炭素触媒1に、熱処理を施した。すなわち、上述の炭素触媒1を石英管に入れ、イメージ炉にて20分間窒素パージし、加熱により14分かけて室温から700℃まで昇温した。その後、炭素触媒1を700℃で1時間保持した。そして、上述の実施例1と同様にして粉砕処理を行い、粉砕された微粒子状の炭素触媒2を得た。
酸洗浄による金属除去処理以降の工程を行わない以外は、上述の実施例1と同様にして、粉砕された微粒子状の炭素化材料を得た。そして、この炭素化材料に金属含浸処理を施した。すなわち、300mLの蒸留水に2gの塩化鉄(III)六水和物(FeCl3・6H2O)を加えて調製した溶液を沸騰させ、当該鉄含有溶液に炭素化材料を2g加えた。そして、沸騰中の鉄含有溶液中で攪拌しながら3時間、炭素化材料に鉄を含浸させた。その後、ろ過膜(孔径1.0μm、Millipore製)を使用して、炭素化材料を含む溶液をろ過し、ろ液が中性になるまで蒸留水で洗浄した。回収された炭素化材料を60℃で12時間、真空乾燥させた。さらに、乾燥した炭素化材料を乳鉢で粉砕した。
白金を担持した酸素還元触媒として、白金担持カーボン(UNPC40−II(Pt 38.0wt%/C)、石福金属興業株式会社製)を準備した。
次に、電気化学測定により、酸素還元反応及びメタノール酸化反応における触媒活性を評価した。まず、触媒スラリーを調製した。すなわち、上述の炭素触媒1〜3及び白金担持カーボンのいずれか5mgと、スパチュラで2杯(約15粒)のガラスビーズ(直径1mm)と、5重量%Nafion(登録商標)溶液(Aldrich社製)50μLと、エタノール150μLと、蒸留水150μLと、を混合し、10分間、超音波処理することにより、触媒が均一に分散された触媒スラリーを調製した。
Claims (13)
- 直接型燃料電池のカソードに用いられる炭素触媒であって、
前記直接型燃料電池の燃料化合物を含有する電解液中において、酸素還元触媒活性を示し、且つ前記燃料化合物を酸化する触媒活性を実質的に示さない
ことを特徴とする直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 前記炭素触媒を三極式の作用電極に用いたリニアスイープボルタンメトリーにおいて、前記燃料化合物を0.25mol/Lの濃度で含有する酸素飽和させた電解液を用い、25℃にて掃引速度1mV/秒で掃引したときの電位0.7V(vs.NHE)での還元電流が、−0.6mA/cm2以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 前記炭素触媒を三極式の作用電極に用いて25℃で行うサイクリックボルタンメトリーにおいて、前記燃料化合物を含有する窒素飽和させた電解液を用いた場合に、電位が0.6V(vs.NHE)から1.0V(vs.NHE)の範囲で、前記炭素触媒の酸素還元触媒活性に影響を与える前記燃料化合物の酸化触媒活性を示さない
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 前記炭素触媒を三極式の作用電極に用いたリニアスイープボルタンメトリーにおいて、前記燃料化合物を含有する酸素飽和させた電解液を用い、25℃にて掃引速度1mV/秒で掃引したときの電位0.7V(vs.NHE)での還元電流が、前記電解液に含有される前記燃料化合物の濃度に実質的に依存しない
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 前記燃料化合物は、アルコールである
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 直接型燃料電池のカソードに用いられる酸素還元触媒活性を有する炭素触媒であって、
前記炭素触媒を三極式の作用電極に用いたリニアスイープボルタンメトリーにおいて、前記直接型燃料電池の燃料化合物を0.25mol/Lの濃度で含有する酸素飽和させた電解液を用い、25℃にて掃引速度1mV/秒で掃引したときの電位0.7V(vs.NHE)での還元電流が、−0.6mA/cm2以下である
ことを特徴とする直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 直接型燃料電池のカソードに用いられる酸素還元触媒活性を有する炭素触媒であって、
前記炭素触媒を三極式の作用電極に用いて25℃で行うサイクリックボルタンメトリーにおいて、前記直接型燃料電池の燃料化合物を含有する窒素飽和させた電解液を用いた場合に、電位が0.6V(vs.NHE)から1.0V(vs.NHE)の範囲で、前記炭素触媒の酸素還元触媒活性に影響を与える前記燃料化合物の酸化触媒活性を示さない
ことを特徴とする直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 窒素含有有機物と金属とを含む原料を炭素化して得られた
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 前記原料は、導電性炭素材料をさらに含む
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 前記原料を炭素化して得られた炭素化材料に、金属除去処理を施し、さらに熱処理を施して得られた
ことを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 前記原料を炭素化して得られた炭素化材料に、金属含浸処理を施し、さらに熱処理を施して得られた
ことを特徴とする請求項8乃至10のいずれかに記載された直接型燃料電池のカソード用炭素触媒。 - 請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載された炭素触媒を含む
ことを特徴とする直接型燃料電池用カソード。 - 請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載された炭素触媒を含むカソードを備えた
ことを特徴とする直接型燃料電池。
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