JPWO2009154118A1 - Rubber composition and tire using the rubber composition - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a rubber composition and a tire using the rubber composition, which are blended with a material that is an alternative raw material for a rubber component, and can be manufactured by a low-cost and simple manufacturing process. There is to do. The rubber composition of the present invention and a tire using the rubber composition are characterized in that the rubber component is blended with a plant resource extraction residue remaining after solid-liquid extraction by immersing the plant resource in a solvent. To do. In addition, tea leaves or coffee beans are preferable as plant resources for performing solid-liquid extraction, and water is preferable as a solvent.

Description

  The present invention relates to a rubber composition in which the amount of a rubber component used is reduced and a tire using the rubber composition.

  A rubber composition used for tires or the like contains a large amount of rubber as a raw material. For example, in the case of a pneumatic tire for passenger cars, 50% by mass or more of the rubber composition is composed of a rubber component in which natural rubber and synthetic rubber are blended. . Therefore, these rubber compositions and tires using the rubber compositions are affected by rising crude oil prices, rubber failure due to bad weather, etc., resulting in increased raw material costs and a difficult supply of stable products. There is a risk of becoming.

Moreover, in recent years, environmental problems tend to be emphasized globally. In particular, from the viewpoint of preventing global warming, regulations on CO ₂ emissions have been strengthened, and reductions in the use of petroleum resources have been demanded. The formation of a resource recycling society is required.

  Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of petroleum resources used when manufacturing tires, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-63206 describes a so-called eco-tire in which 75% by weight or more of the total weight is made of raw materials made of resources other than petroleum. ing.

  However, in the rubber composition and tire according to the above-mentioned conventional technology, although the amount of petroleum resources used can be reduced, the manufacturing process becomes complicated and the unit price of alternative raw materials for petroleum resources is high, so the manufacturing cost is not necessarily reduced. could not.

  In addition, there is room for improvement and selection of alternative raw materials from the viewpoint of high processing energy required for use (for example, energy required for crushing alternative raw materials) and high availability of alternative raw materials as fuel and resources. was there.

  The present invention is intended to advantageously solve the above-described problems, and the rubber composition of the present invention remains after the solid component extraction is performed by immersing the plant resources in a solvent with respect to the rubber component. It is characterized by blending plant resource extraction residues. Thus, the usage-amount of the rubber component in a rubber composition can be reduced by mix | blending the residue which arises in the solid-liquid extraction process of a plant resource. Further, the residue generated after the extraction process of the plant resource is an inexpensive waste remaining after extracting the active ingredient from the plant resource that is a carbon neutral resource, and is therefore suitable as an alternative material for the rubber component. Here, solid-liquid extraction of a plant resource refers to extracting a desired component contained in a plant into a solvent by immersing the plant resource (solid) in a solvent, and optionally heating and stirring. It involves operations such as plant crushing and addition of extractants (chelating agents, acids, alkalis, etc.). In particular, from the viewpoint of ease of blending into a rubber composition, it is preferable to blend a residue remaining after solid-liquid extraction on a plant resource that has been crushed into a rubber component. And a plant resource extraction residue means the residue which remains after immersing a plant resource in a solvent, extracting a desired component in a solvent, and isolate | separating the solvent (extract) containing this component by filtration etc.

  In addition, a part or all of arbitrary plants can be used for plant resources, for example, tea leaves, coffee beans, rose petals, mulberry tree roots, buckwheat seeds, barley seeds, and the like can be used. Moreover, the solvent used for extraction can be selected according to the kind of plant resource and a desired component, for example, water, alcohol, oil, etc. can be used.

  Here, in the rubber composition of the present invention, the solvent is preferably water. Water is a solvent that has a smaller environmental impact than organic solvents, and the residue that remains after performing solid-liquid extraction processing on plant resources such as leaves, seeds, and fruits using water as a solvent is glucose contained in plant resources. Is a waste that has become difficult to treat by natural fermentation because of the absence of lactic acid bacteria in the water and the reuse of such waste as a rubber composition This is because the amount of waste can be reduced. In addition, as a plant resource which performs a solid-liquid extraction process with water, the plant containing catechin is preferable. This is because catechin-containing plants such as tea leaves are used as raw materials for beverages and the like, and the extraction residue of the catechin-containing plants is an inexpensive waste discharged in large quantities.

  In the rubber composition of the present invention, it is preferable that the plant leaves are tea leaves, the solvent is water, and the residue is tea shells. This is because tea husk is an inexpensive waste that is discharged in large quantities in the production process of tea-based beverages, and even when blended with a rubber composition as an extender, the elongation at break hardly decreases. In addition, it is preferable that the diameter of the plant cell wall in a tea husk is 0.02 micrometer-50 micrometers, and when the tea husk is aggregated and lump-shaped, it is preferable that the lump diameter is 3 micrometers-5 mm. If the diameter of the plant cell wall in the tea husk or the aggregate size of the tea husk agglomerates is too small, handling is difficult, and if the diameter of the plant cell wall or the aggregate size of the tea husk agglomerates is too large, it is not uniformly mixed and dispersed in the rubber component. It is because sex deteriorates.

  In the rubber composition of the present invention, the plant resource may be coffee beans and the solvent may be water. The coffee cake remaining after making coffee from the coffee beans, which are the seeds of the coffee tree, is an inexpensive waste that is discharged in large quantities in the production process of coffee beverages, etc., so it is suitable as an alternative raw material for rubber components, By reusing such waste as a rubber composition, the amount of waste can be reduced. In addition, the rubber composition which mix | blended coffee lees can be used especially suitably for the tread part of a studless tire. The coffee gruel is a porous body with a pumice-like surface, and has a high ability to absorb moisture. If a rubber composition containing coffee gruel is used in the tread portion of the tire, it absorbs moisture and is absorbed on the tire ice. This is because the friction coefficient (μ on ice) can be improved.

  Here, in the rubber composition of the present invention, the coffee grinder preferably has a diameter of 1 μm to 500 μm. Moreover, when the coffee cake is aggregated into a lump, the lump diameter is preferably 50 μm to 5 mm. If the diameter of the coffee cake or the aggregate size of the coffee cake is too small, it will be difficult to handle, and if the diameter of the coffee cake or the aggregate size of the coffee cake is too large, it will not mix evenly and will disperse in the rubber component. This is because it gets worse.

  In the rubber composition of the present invention, the plant resource extraction residue preferably has a diameter of 0.02 to 1000 μm. This is because residues having a diameter of less than 0.02 μm are difficult to handle, and residues having a diameter of more than 1000 μm are poorly dispersible in the rubber component. The diameter is obtained by measuring the particle diameter by laser diffraction (JIS Z8825-1), and is obtained by measuring the average of the major axis and minor axis of the residue (taken as a sphere) in the laser diffraction method. Value.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the compounding quantity of the said plant resource extraction residue is 0.5-100 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of rubber components, and, as for the rubber composition of this invention, it is 5-20 mass parts. Further preferred. By setting the blending amount of the residue to 0.5 parts by mass or more, it is possible to provide a rubber composition that can sufficiently achieve a reduction in environmental load that is an object of the present invention. Moreover, the rubber composition which has the performance equivalent to the rubber composition which does not use an alternative raw material can be provided because the compounding quantity of a residue shall be 100 mass parts or less.

  In addition, the tire of the present invention is characterized in that at least a part thereof is composed of the rubber composition. In a conventional tire, the portion composed only of rubber is composed of a rubber composition blended with a plant resource extraction residue that remains after a solid-liquid extraction by immersing the plant resource in a solvent. The environmental load can be reduced by reducing the amount of rubber used while maintaining the above.

  Here, the rubber composition of the present invention can be suitably used for any one or more of a tread portion, a side portion, and a bead filler (stiffener) of a tire. In particular, when the rubber composition of the present invention is used for a snow tire, the tread portion is preferably composed of the rubber composition of the present invention. This is because the amount of petroleum-derived synthetic rubber can be reduced by using a rubber composition containing a plant resource extraction residue. In particular, if a rubber composition containing coffee candy is used in the tread part, the coffee candy, which is a porous body, absorbs moisture and increases the friction between the ice and the tire. This is because the effect can be obtained.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an environmentally friendly rubber composition that can be manufactured with low environmental load and low cost without using a complicated manufacturing process. Moreover, the tire with a low environmental load using the said rubber composition can be provided.

It is sectional drawing of an example of the tire of this invention.

<Rubber composition>
Below, the rubber composition of this invention is demonstrated in detail. The rubber composition according to the present invention reduces the amount of the rubber component used by mixing the plant resource extraction residue remaining after the solid-liquid extraction by immersing the plant resource in a solvent and kneading the rubber component. Features.

  Here, the rubber component is made of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or a combination thereof, and specific examples of the synthetic rubber include styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), and poly rubber. Examples include isoprene rubber (IR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber (NBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), and butyl rubber (IIR). The rubber composition of the present invention is optionally added to reinforcing fillers such as carbon black and silica, softeners such as aroma oil, vulcanization accelerators, vulcanization accelerators, anti-aging agents, etc. Additive may be included.

  The plant resource may be a part of a plant containing any active ingredient that can be extracted by an extraction operation. Examples of plant resources include tea leaves, coffee beans, aloe leaves, mugwort leaves, and mulberry leaves. Roots, red grape skin, thistle seeds, leaves of tomorrow leaves, acerola, chlorella, kudzu roots (knot roots), rose flowers, peach leaves. In addition, it is preferable to use these plant resources for extraction operation, after crushing with a crusher etc., in order to improve the efficiency of extraction operation | work.

  The solvent can be selected according to the desired active ingredient and the intended use of the extract. For example, water or an organic solvent (ethyl alcohol, oil, etc.) can be used as the solvent. And a drink, a lotion, an emulsion, etc. can be obtained by immersing the plant resource mentioned above in these solvents, and extracting the active ingredient in a plant resource. In addition, you may mix and use extractants, such as a chelating agent, an acid, and an alkali, as needed.

  The plant resource extraction residue is obtained by immersing the plant resource in a solvent, optionally performing operations such as heating and stirring, extracting the desired components contained in the plant into the solvent, and then extracting by means such as filtration. This refers to the solid component remaining when the liquid (solvent) is separated.

  The rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited except that the plant resource extraction residue remaining after the solid-liquid extraction is performed by immersing the plant resource in a solvent, and is manufactured as follows, for example, Can do.

First, the plant resource extraction residue is dried, and the solvent attached to the residue is removed.
Next, the dried residue is blended into the rubber component together with an optional filler (carbon black or the like) and an additive and kneaded. In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the preparation method of the rubber composition of this invention, For example, the residue and the various compounding agents selected suitably as needed are kneaded into a rubber component using a Banbury mixer, a roll, etc. Can be prepared.

<Tire>
The tire of the present invention is characterized in that at least a part thereof is composed of the rubber composition, and other than that, it can be manufactured using the same manufacturing method as that of a normal tire.

  Next, the tire of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the tire of the present invention. The tire shown in FIG. 1 has a pair of bead portions 1, a pair of sidewall portions 2, and a tread portion 3 connected to both sidewall portions 2, and extends in a toroid shape between the pair of bead portions 1. The carcass 4 that reinforces the parts 1, 2, and 3 and the belt 5 that is located on the outer side in the tire radial direction of the crown portion of the carcass 4 are provided.

  In the illustrated tire, the carcass 4 is composed of a single carcass ply, and a main body portion extending in a toroidal shape between a pair of bead cores (wires) 6 respectively disposed in the bead portion 1; Around the bead core 6, it consists of a folded portion wound up radially outward from the inside in the tire width direction toward the outside. In the illustrated example, the carcass 4 is composed of one carcass ply. However, in the tire of the present invention, a plurality of carcass plies may be provided.

  In the illustrated tire, the belt 5 is composed of two belt layers. However, in the tire of the present invention, the number of belt layers constituting the belt may be one or more, and is not limited thereto. Absent. Furthermore, the tire of the present invention may further include a belt reinforcing layer made of a rubberized layer of cords arranged substantially parallel to the tire circumferential direction on the outer side in the tire radial direction of the belt 5. Further, an interlayer rubber can be provided between the belt reinforcing layer and the belt reinforcing layer.

  And the tire of the example of illustration uses the rubber composition which mix | blended the coffee gruel as a plant resource extraction residue mentioned above to the tread part 3 at least. By using a rubber composition containing coffee candy in the tread portion 3, a tire capable of improving μ on ice can be provided.

  In addition to the examples described above, for example, a tire may be configured using a rubber composition containing tea husk as a plant resource extraction residue. If the tea husk is used as an extender, the amount of rubber used can be reduced without substantially reducing the elongation at break.

  In addition to the tread rubber, the rubber composition can also be used for side rubber, bead filler (or stiffener) located on the radially outer side of the bead wire, carcass or belt coating rubber, and the like.

  In addition, as a gas filled in the tire of the present invention, an inert gas such as nitrogen, argon, helium, etc. can be used in addition to air having a normal or oxygen partial pressure adjusted.

[Example]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(Examples 1-3)
Using a Banbury mixer, a rubber composition containing coffee cake was prepared with the formulation shown in Table 1, and a known vulcanizing agent or the like (sulfur: 1.5 parts by mass, 100 parts by mass of rubber component, vulcanized) Accelerator: 2.9 parts by mass [CZ (N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide): 1.5 parts by mass, DPG (diphenylguanidine): 1.2 parts by mass, DM (dibenzothiazyl disulfide) : 0.2 parts by mass], ZnO: 2.0 parts by mass, stearic acid: 1.0 parts by mass, anti-aging agent 6C: 1.0 part by mass) and vulcanized by a usual method, the following Using the method, μ on ice was measured and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. In the table, the “coffee mash content in the rubber composition” is the following formula:
Coffee koji content = coffee koji compounding amount / (rubber component compounding amount + carbon black compounding amount + coffee koji compounding amount) × 100
The components (such as vulcanizing agents) with a small amount were ignored.

(Examples 4 to 8)
Using a Banbury mixer, a rubber composition containing tea husks was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 2, and known vulcanizing agents and the like (sulfur: 1.5 parts by mass, 100 parts by mass of rubber component, vulcanization acceleration) Agent: 2.9 parts by mass [CZ: 1.5 parts by mass, DPG: 1.2 parts by mass, DM: 0.2 parts by mass], ZnO: 2.0 parts by mass, stearic acid: 1.0 parts by mass, Anti-aging agent 6C: 1.0 part by mass) was added and vulcanized by an ordinary method, and the elongation at break was measured and evaluated by the following method. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, the “tea content ratio in the rubber composition” in the table is calculated by changing the “coffee content” in the calculation formula of the “coffee content in the rubber composition” to “tea content”. Calculated using the formula.

(Conventional example 1)
Using a Banbury mixer, a rubber composition containing no coffee cake and tea shells was prepared with the formulation shown in Tables 1 and 2, and a known vulcanizing agent or the like (sulfur: 1. 5 parts by mass, vulcanization accelerator: 2.9 parts by mass [CZ: 1.5 parts by mass, DPG: 1.2 parts by mass, DM: 0.2 parts by mass], ZnO: 2.0 parts by mass, stearic acid : 1.0 part by mass, anti-aging agent 6C: 1.0 part by mass) and vulcanized by the usual method, the μ on ice and elongation at break were measured and evaluated by the following methods. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(Μ on ice)
For the vulcanized rubber obtained by vulcanizing the rubber compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Conventional Example 1 at 145 ° C. for 33 minutes, using a road surface friction tester (disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-66545). The frictional force on the road surface on ice was measured at a temperature of 0 ° C., and the value of Conventional Example 1 was taken as 100 and displayed as an index. The larger the value, the better the braking performance.

(Elongation at break)
For the vulcanized rubber obtained by vulcanizing the rubber compositions prepared in Examples 4 to 8 and Conventional Example 1 at 160 ° C. for 15 minutes, using a strograph made by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., a temperature of 25 ° C., The elongation at break was measured under the condition of a tensile speed of 100 mm / min.

* 1 Emulsion polymerization SBR, 37.5 parts by mass of aroma oil for 100 parts by mass of rubber component
* 2 N110 manufactured by Asahi Carbon Co., Ltd.
* 3 Coffee lees discharged from beverage manufacturing plants, water content 50%, particle size 100-500μm

* 4 Tea husk discharged from a beverage factory, moisture content 50%, particle size 0.05 μm to 2 mm

  From Examples 1 to 3 in Table 1 and Conventional Example 1, it was found that μ on ice was slightly improved by blending coffee cake with the rubber composition.

  Moreover, from Examples 4 to 8 in Table 2 and Conventional Example 1, it was found that even when blended with a rubber composition using tea husk as an extender, the elongation at break hardly deteriorates.

Claims (7)

  A rubber composition comprising a rubber component and a plant resource extraction residue remaining after solid-liquid extraction by immersing the plant resource in a solvent.   The rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is water.   The rubber composition according to claim 2, wherein the plant resource is a plant containing catechin.   The rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the plant resource is coffee beans and the solvent is water.   The rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the plant resource extraction residue has a diameter of 0.02 to 1000 μm.   The rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the plant resource extraction residue is 0.5 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.   A tire comprising at least a part of the rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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