JPS6326833B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6326833B2 JPS6326833B2 JP55176988A JP17698880A JPS6326833B2 JP S6326833 B2 JPS6326833 B2 JP S6326833B2 JP 55176988 A JP55176988 A JP 55176988A JP 17698880 A JP17698880 A JP 17698880A JP S6326833 B2 JPS6326833 B2 JP S6326833B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- outside air
- heat exchanger
- side heat
- refrigerant
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
Landscapes
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、都市ガスや灯油等の燃焼エネルギー
を原動力とする熱機関を用いて圧縮機を駆動して
少なくとも暖房を行うヒートポンプ装置に関する
ものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heat pump device that performs at least heating by driving a compressor using a heat engine powered by combustion energy such as city gas or kerosene. be.
近年、省エネルギー的観点等より、都市ガスや
灯油等の燃焼エネルギーによるヒートポンプによ
り暖房を行うヒートポンプ装置の開発が盛んであ
る。このヒートポンプは燃焼エネルギーによりエ
ンジン等を運転し、これによりヒートポンプ用圧
縮機を駆動して暖房を行うものであり、暖房時エ
ンジンの排熱を暖房に利用することができるの
で、電動式ヒートポンプより、省エネルギーであ
る。
BACKGROUND ART In recent years, from the viewpoint of energy conservation, development of heat pump devices that perform heating using a heat pump using combustion energy such as city gas or kerosene has been active. This heat pump uses combustion energy to operate the engine, etc., which drives the heat pump compressor to perform heating, and the exhaust heat of the engine during heating can be used for heating, so it is better than an electric heat pump. It is energy saving.
しかしながら従来のエンジン駆動の排熱回収式
ヒートポンプにおいては、外気温度が非常に低い
時や、降雪時には、外気側熱交換器における蒸発
温度が低下し、冷媒ガスの比体積が著しく増大し
て冷媒循環量が激減して暖房能力が異常に低下
し、また着霜を生じて使用不可能になることがあ
る。このような場合にヒートポンプによる負荷温
水の加熱ができなくなるばかりでなく、ヒートポ
ンプ負荷が小なることによりエンジンを定格回転
数で回転せしめることができず、たとえ、エンジ
ンのみ回転せしめるとしても負荷がないのでアイ
ドリング運転となるため、排熱量も減少し、結
局、暖房容量は、汲み上げるべき外気の熱が減少
した分だけの熱減少にとどまらず、ヒートポンプ
が運転できないことによるヒートポンプ加熱分の
減少とエンジンの排熱量の減少とが相まつて暖房
容量の低下が甚だしい、という問題点があつた。
However, in conventional engine-driven exhaust heat recovery heat pumps, when the outside air temperature is very low or when it snows, the evaporation temperature in the outside air side heat exchanger decreases, the specific volume of refrigerant gas increases significantly, and the refrigerant circulates. The amount of water may decrease drastically, the heating capacity may drop abnormally, and frost may form, making it unusable. In such a case, not only will the heat pump not be able to heat the load hot water, but the heat pump load will be small, making it impossible to rotate the engine at the rated speed, and even if only the engine were to rotate, there would be no load. Due to idling operation, the amount of exhaust heat also decreases, and in the end, the heating capacity is reduced not only by the decrease in the heat of the outside air that should be pumped, but also by the decrease in heat pump heating due to the heat pump not being able to operate, and the reduction in heat pump exhaust heat due to the heat pump being unable to operate. There was a problem in that the reduction in heat capacity combined with the reduction in heating capacity was significant.
また、外気温が異常に低下した場合の対策とし
て、エンジン回転数をただ上昇せしめても、圧縮
機の吸込能力の増大により吸込圧力が極端に低下
し、ヒートポンプの吸込圧低下の安全装置が作動
して運転停止となる不具合があつた。 In addition, as a countermeasure in the event that the outside temperature drops abnormally, even if the engine speed is simply increased, the suction pressure will drop extremely due to the increased suction capacity of the compressor, and the heat pump's suction pressure drop safety device will be activated. There was a problem that caused the machine to stop operating.
即ち、従来のヒートポンプは外気温度が非常に
低いときや、降雪時は能力が異常に低下し、ほと
んど使用不能となることもあり、このときは予備
の温水ボイラを運転する必要があつた。 That is, when the outside air temperature is very low or when it snows, conventional heat pumps have an abnormally low capacity and can become almost unusable, making it necessary to operate a backup hot water boiler.
本発明はこのような従来のものの欠点を除き、
異常低温時においても、温水ボイラなどを用いる
必要なく、通常時と同様な暖房容量を保持するヒ
ートポンプ装置を提供することを目的とするもの
である。 The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional ones, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat pump device that maintains the same heating capacity as in normal times even at abnormally low temperatures without the need to use a hot water boiler or the like.
第1発明は、熱機関により駆動される圧縮機、
外気側熱交換器、負荷側熱交換器、膨張装置及び
これらの機器を接続する冷媒経路よりなるヒート
ポンプと、前記熱機関からの排熱を回収する排熱
回収装置とを備えたヒートポンプ装置において、
前記排熱回収装置及び前記負荷側熱交換器に負荷
流体を導く負荷流体経路と、外気温を直接的又は
間接的に検出する外気温検出装置と、外気温が所
定の異常低温度以下であることが検出されたとき
に、冷媒ガス、高圧冷媒ガス経路から、外気側熱
交換器をバイパスさせて、該外気側熱交換器より
も下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷媒ガスバイパス
装置と、外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であるこ
とが検出されたときに、前記熱機関の最大設定回
転数を通常時の最大設定回転数よりも上昇せしめ
る回転数制御装置とを備えたことを特徴とするヒ
ートポンプ装置であり、第2発明は熱機関により
駆動される圧縮機、外気側熱交換器、負荷側熱交
換器、膨張装置及びこれらの機器を接続する冷媒
経路よりなるヒートポンプと、前記熱機関からの
排熱を回収する排熱回収装置とを備えたヒートポ
ンプ装置において、前記排熱回収装置及び前記負
荷側熱交換器に負荷流体を導く負荷流体経路と、
外気温を直接的又は間接的に検出する外気温検出
装置と、外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であるこ
とが検出されたときに、冷媒ガスを、高圧冷媒ガ
ス経路から、外気側熱交換器をバイパスさせて、
該外気側熱交換器よりも下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ
導く冷媒ガスバイパス装置と、外気温が所定の異
常低温度以下であることが検出されたときに、冷
媒液を、高圧冷媒液経路から、外気側熱交換器を
バイパスさせて、該外気側熱交換器よりも下流側
の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷媒液バイパス装置と、外
気温が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検出さ
れたときに、前記熱機関の最大設定回転数を通常
時の最大設定回転数よりも上昇せしめる回転数制
御装置とを備えたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ
装置である。
The first invention is a compressor driven by a heat engine,
A heat pump device comprising a heat pump including an outside air side heat exchanger, a load side heat exchanger, an expansion device, and a refrigerant path connecting these devices, and an exhaust heat recovery device that recovers exhaust heat from the heat engine,
a load fluid path that guides the load fluid to the exhaust heat recovery device and the load-side heat exchanger; an outside temperature detection device that directly or indirectly detects the outside temperature; and the outside temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature. a refrigerant gas bypass device that bypasses the outside air side heat exchanger from the refrigerant gas and high pressure refrigerant gas path to a low pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger; and a rotation speed control device that increases the maximum set rotation speed of the heat engine above the normal maximum set rotation speed when it is detected that the air temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature. A second invention is a heat pump device comprising a compressor driven by a heat engine, an outside air side heat exchanger, a load side heat exchanger, an expansion device, and a refrigerant path connecting these devices; A heat pump device comprising: an exhaust heat recovery device for recovering exhaust heat from the heat pump device;
An outside temperature detection device that directly or indirectly detects the outside temperature, and when it is detected that the outside temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature, refrigerant gas is transferred from the high pressure refrigerant gas path to outside air side heat exchange. bypass the device,
A refrigerant gas bypass device that guides the refrigerant to a low-pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger, and a refrigerant gas bypass device that directs the refrigerant liquid from the high-pressure refrigerant path when it is detected that the outside temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature. , a refrigerant liquid bypass device that bypasses an outside air side heat exchanger and guides the refrigerant to a low pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger; and when it is detected that the outside air temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature. The heat pump device further comprises a rotation speed control device that increases the maximum set rotation speed of the heat engine above the normal maximum set rotation speed.
本発明を実施例につき図面を用いて説明する。
図面に示されたヒートポンプ装置において、1は
圧縮機、3は外気側熱交換器、7は負荷側熱交換
器、9は膨張装置としての膨張弁で、各機器を冷
媒経路で接続してヒートポンプが形成されてい
る。
The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings based on examples.
In the heat pump device shown in the drawing, 1 is a compressor, 3 is an outside air side heat exchanger, 7 is a load side heat exchanger, 9 is an expansion valve as an expansion device, and each device is connected by a refrigerant path to complete the heat pump. is formed.
冷媒経路には冷媒ガスを高圧冷媒ガス経路から
外気側熱交換器3をバイパスさせて外気側熱交換
器3よりも下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷媒ガス
バイパス経路31と、冷媒液を高圧冷媒液経路か
ら外気側熱交換器3をバイパスさせて外気側熱交
換器3よりも下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷媒液
バイパス経路32とが設けられ、各経路31,3
2には外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であること
が検出されたときに各経路31,32を開くバイ
パス弁27,28が設けられており、冷媒ガスバ
イパス経路31とバイパス弁27とで冷媒ガスバ
イパス装置が構成され、冷媒液バイパス経路32
とバイパス弁28とで冷媒液バイパス装置が構成
されている。本実施例では外気側熱交換器3より
も下流側の低圧冷媒経路に上部ヘツダー29が備
えられており、高圧冷媒ガス経路としての圧縮機
1と負荷側熱交換器7との間の冷媒経路と、上部
ヘツダー29との間をバイパス弁27を有する冷
媒ガスバイパス経路31で接続し、高圧冷媒液経
路としてのレシーバー5と、上部ヘツダー29と
の間をバイパス弁28を有する冷媒液バイパス経
路32で接続している。また、冷媒経路には四方
弁2、膨張弁6、チエツキ弁4,8が配備されて
冷房運転に切換可能に形成されている。 The refrigerant path includes a refrigerant gas bypass path 31 that leads refrigerant gas from a high-pressure refrigerant gas path to a low-pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air-side heat exchanger 3 by bypassing the outside air-side heat exchanger 3, and a refrigerant gas bypass path 31 that leads refrigerant gas from a high-pressure refrigerant gas path to a low-pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air-side heat exchanger 3, and a refrigerant gas bypass path 31 that leads refrigerant gas from a high-pressure refrigerant gas path to a low-pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air-side heat exchanger 3. A refrigerant liquid bypass path 32 that bypasses the outside air side heat exchanger 3 from the liquid path and leads to a low pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger 3 is provided, and each path 31, 3
2 is provided with bypass valves 27 and 28 that open each path 31 and 32 when it is detected that the outside temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature. A refrigerant gas bypass device is configured, and a refrigerant liquid bypass path 32
and the bypass valve 28 constitute a refrigerant liquid bypass device. In this embodiment, an upper header 29 is provided in the low-pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger 3, and the refrigerant path between the compressor 1 as a high-pressure refrigerant gas path and the load-side heat exchanger 7 is provided. and the upper header 29 are connected by a refrigerant gas bypass path 31 having a bypass valve 27, and a refrigerant liquid bypass path 32 having a bypass valve 28 is connected between the receiver 5 as a high-pressure refrigerant liquid path and the upper header 29. It is connected with Further, a four-way valve 2, an expansion valve 6, and check valves 4 and 8 are arranged in the refrigerant path to enable switching to cooling operation.
10は圧縮機1を駆動する熱機関として用いら
れているエンジンで、エンジン10からの排熱を
回収する排熱回収装置として例えばエンジン冷却
水(水以外の冷却用流体でもよい)経路に設けた
水冷冷却水冷却器16や排ガス経路に設けた排ガ
ス熱回収装置19を備えている。 Reference numeral 10 denotes an engine used as a heat engine to drive the compressor 1, and an exhaust heat recovery device for recovering exhaust heat from the engine 10 is provided, for example, in the engine cooling water (a cooling fluid other than water may be used) route. A water-cooled cooling water cooler 16 and an exhaust gas heat recovery device 19 provided in the exhaust gas path are provided.
エンジン冷却水経路はジヤケツト部11を出た
冷却水を暖房時には水冷冷却水冷却器16に導
き、冷房時には空冷冷却水冷却器14に導く経路
で、三方弁13,15で切替えることができるよ
うにしてある。12は冷却水ポンプ、17はジヤ
ケツト部11に送られる冷却水の温度を調節する
ための三方弁である。排ガス経路は排ガスを暖房
時には排ガス熱回収装置19、排ガスダクト3
0,22,22′22″に導き冷房時には熱回収を
行わずにそのまま外気に放出する経路で、切替用
のダンパー20が備えられている。21はマフラ
ー、23は放出孔である。 The engine cooling water path is a path in which the cooling water exiting the jacket part 11 is guided to a water-cooled cooling water cooler 16 during heating and to an air-cooled cooling water cooler 14 during cooling, and can be switched using three-way valves 13 and 15. There is. 12 is a cooling water pump, and 17 is a three-way valve for adjusting the temperature of cooling water sent to the jacket portion 11. The exhaust gas route includes an exhaust gas heat recovery device 19 and an exhaust gas duct 3 when heating the exhaust gas.
0, 22, 22'22'', and during cooling, the heat is directly released to the outside without being recovered, and a switching damper 20 is provided. 21 is a muffler, and 23 is a discharge hole.
24は、圧縮機1、エンジン10、排ガス熱回
収装置19、水冷冷却水冷却器16を収容する防
音ボツクスで、サイレンサー付きの給気口25、
フアン26が備えられている。 24 is a soundproof box that houses the compressor 1, the engine 10, the exhaust gas heat recovery device 19, and the water-cooled cooling water cooler 16, and includes an air intake port 25 with a silencer,
A fan 26 is provided.
負荷流体経路は負荷流体を負荷側熱交換器7か
ら排ガス熱回収装置19、水冷冷却水冷却器16
を経由させて負荷に戻すように設けられている。
18はポンプである。 The load fluid path transports the load fluid from the load side heat exchanger 7 to the exhaust gas heat recovery device 19 and the water-cooled cooling water cooler 16.
It is provided so that it is returned to the load via the
18 is a pump.
しかして、ヒートポンプサイクルの通常時は一
般の電動式空気熱源ヒートポンプと同様である。
即ち夏期冷房時においては、冷媒は圧縮機1→四
方弁2→外気側熱交換器3(凝縮器として作動)
→チエツキ弁4→レシーバー5→膨張弁6→負荷
側熱交換器7(蒸発器として作動)→四方弁2→
圧縮機1の順序で循環し、負荷側熱交換器7にお
いて冷水を冷却する。 Therefore, the normal heat pump cycle is similar to that of a general electric air source heat pump.
In other words, during summer cooling, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1 → four-way valve 2 → outside air side heat exchanger 3 (operates as a condenser)
→ Check valve 4 → Receiver 5 → Expansion valve 6 → Load side heat exchanger 7 (operates as an evaporator) → Four-way valve 2 →
The cold water is circulated in the order of the compressor 1 and cooled in the load side heat exchanger 7.
暖房時においては四方弁2を切り換えて冷媒の
経路を変える。すると、冷媒は圧縮機1→四方弁
2→負荷側熱交換器7(凝縮器として作用)→チ
エツキ弁8→レシーバー5→膨張弁9→外気側熱
交換器3(蒸発器として作用)→四方弁2→圧縮
機1の順序で循環し、負荷側熱交換器7において
温水を加熱するようになつている。 During heating, the four-way valve 2 is switched to change the refrigerant route. Then, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1 → four-way valve 2 → load side heat exchanger 7 (acts as a condenser) → check valve 8 → receiver 5 → expansion valve 9 → outside air side heat exchanger 3 (acts as an evaporator) → four-way The hot water is circulated in the order of the valve 2 and the compressor 1, and the hot water is heated in the load side heat exchanger 7.
一方エンジン10側サイクルは次のようになつ
ている。冷房時、ジヤケツト部11よりの排熱は
空冷冷却水冷却器14により冷却される。即ち、
ジヤケツト部11を冷却して加熱された冷却水は
ポンプ12により吸込まれ、空冷冷却水冷却器1
4に送られ、ここで冷却される。そして三方弁1
3,15を経由して、再びジヤケツト部11に供
給される。 On the other hand, the cycle on the engine 10 side is as follows. During cooling, the exhaust heat from the jacket section 11 is cooled by the air-cooled cooling water cooler 14. That is,
Cooling water that has cooled the jacket part 11 and is heated is sucked by the pump 12 and is sent to the air-cooled cooling water cooler 1.
4, where it is cooled. and three-way valve 1
3 and 15, it is again supplied to the jacket section 11.
他方、エンジン10の排ガスはマフラー21を
通過した後、ダンパー20によりそのまま外気に
放出される。 On the other hand, after the exhaust gas from the engine 10 passes through the muffler 21, it is discharged directly into the outside air by the damper 20.
従つて、負荷側熱交換器7で冷却された冷水は
排ガス熱回収装置19及び水冷冷却水冷却器16
を単に通過するだけで、熱の授受は行われない。 Therefore, the cold water cooled by the load-side heat exchanger 7 is transferred to the exhaust gas heat recovery device 19 and the water-cooled cooling water cooler 16.
There is no exchange of heat.
なお、冷房時はフアン26を運転するので防音
ボツクス24内の高温空気は換気され、防音ボツ
クス24内の温度が異常上昇することはない。 In addition, since the fan 26 is operated during cooling, the high temperature air inside the soundproof box 24 is ventilated, and the temperature inside the soundproof box 24 does not rise abnormally.
暖房時は三方弁13,15が切替えられ、エン
ジン10よりの排熱は温水加熱に供せられる。即
ちジヤケツト部11を冷却して加熱された冷却水
はポンプ12により水冷冷却水冷却器16に吸い
込まれ、そこで負荷流体である温水を加熱した
後、再びジヤケツト部11に吐出される。他方、
エンジン10の排ガスは、ダンパー20が切替え
られて、排ガス熱回収装置19、排ガスダクト3
0,20,20′,20″を経て放出孔23より外
気に放出される。 During heating, the three-way valves 13 and 15 are switched, and the exhaust heat from the engine 10 is used to heat the hot water. That is, the cooling water that has been heated by cooling the jacket section 11 is sucked into the water-cooled cooling water cooler 16 by the pump 12, where the hot water serving as the load fluid is heated and then discharged to the jacket section 11 again. On the other hand,
The damper 20 is switched, and the exhaust gas from the engine 10 is transferred to the exhaust gas heat recovery device 19 and the exhaust gas duct 3.
0, 20, 20', 20'' and is discharged to the outside air from the discharge hole 23.
従つて、負荷側熱交換器7で加熱された温水は
排ガス熱回収装置19及び水冷冷却水冷却器16
でさらに加熱されて温水負荷に供される。 Therefore, the hot water heated by the load-side heat exchanger 7 is transferred to the exhaust gas heat recovery device 19 and the water-cooled cooling water cooler 16.
It is further heated and subjected to hot water loading.
なお、暖房時は外気温度が低いので防音ボツク
ス24内の温度はあまり上昇しない。 Note that during heating, since the outside air temperature is low, the temperature inside the soundproof box 24 does not rise much.
また、エンジン10の回転数は暖房時に外気温
が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検出された
ときに回転数制御装置により暖房時の通常のとき
の最大設定回転数よりも上昇させることができる
ようになつている。即ち、回転数制御装置はエン
ジン最大設定回転数の変更を行うものであり、例
えば最大回転数の設定を変更するためにスロツト
ルバルブの開度を規制するストツパの位置を操作
したり、ガバナコントローラへの入力電圧の最高
限度の値を変更操作したりして、エンジン10の
最大設定回転数を変更することができる。この回
転数制御装置により、最大回転数の設定値が異常
時は通常時より高い値になるように切替える。 Furthermore, when it is detected that the outside temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature during heating, the rotational speed of the engine 10 can be increased higher than the maximum set rotational speed during normal heating. I'm starting to be able to do it. In other words, the rotation speed control device is used to change the maximum engine rotation speed setting. For example, in order to change the maximum rotation speed setting, the rotation speed control device operates the position of a stopper that regulates the opening of the throttle valve, or controls the governor controller. The maximum set rotation speed of the engine 10 can be changed by changing the maximum value of the input voltage to the engine 10. This rotational speed control device switches the set value of the maximum rotational speed to a higher value in abnormal situations than in normal times.
しかして、暖房時に外気温が異常に低下した異
常低温時には外気温検出装置としての外気温サー
モスタツトが作動し、その信号により回転数制御
装置を作動せしめてエンジン10の最大設定回転
数を通常時最大設定回転数より大となるよう変更
して、エンジン10の回転数を通常時最大設定回
転数よりも高速とする。そして、同時に外気温サ
ーモスタツトからの信号によりバイパス弁27,
28が開けられる。即ち、バイパス弁27が開け
られ、高圧の冷媒ガスは冷媒ガスバイパス経路3
1を経て圧縮機1の吸込側にバイパスされ、吸込
圧の低下を防ぎ、ヒートポンプの運転を可能とな
す。 Therefore, when the outside temperature is abnormally low during heating, the outside temperature thermostat as an outside temperature detection device is activated, and the signal is used to activate the rotation speed control device to adjust the maximum set rotation speed of the engine 10 to the normal setting. The rotation speed of the engine 10 is changed to be higher than the maximum set rotation speed to make the rotation speed of the engine 10 higher than the normal maximum set rotation speed. At the same time, the bypass valve 27,
28 can be opened. That is, the bypass valve 27 is opened and the high-pressure refrigerant gas is transferred to the refrigerant gas bypass path 3.
1 and is bypassed to the suction side of the compressor 1, preventing a drop in suction pressure and enabling operation of the heat pump.
従つて、エンジン10の回転数を通常時より上
昇せしめて、その時増大する圧縮機1の機械的仕
事を負荷側熱交換器7を通して温水に与え、同時
に増大するエンジン10の排熱を温水に与えるよ
うにして暖房容量の低下を防ぐことができる。 Therefore, the rotational speed of the engine 10 is increased from normal, and the increased mechanical work of the compressor 1 is applied to the hot water through the load-side heat exchanger 7, and at the same time, the increased exhaust heat of the engine 10 is applied to the hot water. In this way, a decrease in heating capacity can be prevented.
さらに、冷媒液バイパス装置を併用する場合に
は、このガスは冷媒液バイパス経路32より上部
ヘツダー29にフラツシユされる冷媒液により、
冷却され、冷媒温度が下がり、劣化を防ぐことが
できる。 Furthermore, when a refrigerant liquid bypass device is also used, this gas is caused by the refrigerant liquid flushed from the refrigerant liquid bypass path 32 to the upper header 29.
This will lower the refrigerant temperature and prevent deterioration.
外気温検出装置としては直接検出する外気温サ
ーモスタツトのかわりに圧縮機1の吸込圧スイツ
チや蒸発温度を検出するサーモスタツトを用い、
間接的に検出してもよい。 As the outside temperature detection device, instead of the outside temperature thermostat that directly detects the outside temperature, a suction pressure switch of the compressor 1 and a thermostat that detects the evaporation temperature are used.
It may also be detected indirectly.
以上の実施例は上述の如き構成となつているの
で、外気温度異常低下時、圧縮機1の吸込圧が異
常低下することなく、エンジン10の入力を増大
することができるので、エンジン10の回転数を
増大せしめて、圧縮機1の仕事量とエンジン10
の排熱とを増大せしめ、これらを温水に与えて温
水を加熱し、エンジン駆動ヒートポンプに温水ボ
イラの如き機能を持たせることができ、補助ボイ
ラを別個に設置する必要がなくなる。 Since the above embodiment has the above-described configuration, when the outside air temperature is abnormally low, the input to the engine 10 can be increased without abnormally decreasing the suction pressure of the compressor 1, so that the engine 10 can be rotated. By increasing the number of compressor 1 and engine 10,
The engine-driven heat pump can be given a function similar to a hot water boiler by increasing the exhaust heat of the heat pump and heating the hot water by supplying the heat to the hot water, thereby eliminating the need to separately install an auxiliary boiler.
第2図はこの外気温異常低下時の熱流れ線図で
ある。即ち負荷側熱交換器7における温水加熱量
は減少するが、ホツトガスバイパス弁としてのバ
イパス弁27と液インジエクシヨンバルブとして
のバイパス弁28により、エンジン10の負荷が
確保されるので、回転数制御装置の作用でエンジ
ン10の回転数を通常時の最大設定回転数よりも
増大させることにより圧縮機1の仕事量を増大し
て、これを熱として負荷側熱交換器7を通して温
水に与え、またこのエンジン10の負荷に大略比
例してジヤケツト排熱および排ガス熱量も増加す
るので、暖房容量はほとんど低下しないことにな
る。 FIG. 2 is a heat flow diagram when the outside temperature is abnormally low. That is, although the amount of heated water in the load-side heat exchanger 7 decreases, the load on the engine 10 is ensured by the bypass valve 27 as a hot gas bypass valve and the bypass valve 28 as a liquid injection valve, so that the rotational speed decreases. The amount of work of the compressor 1 is increased by increasing the rotation speed of the engine 10 above the normal maximum set rotation speed by the action of the control device, and this is applied as heat to the hot water through the load-side heat exchanger 7, Further, since the jacket exhaust heat and the exhaust gas calorific value also increase in approximately proportion to the load on the engine 10, the heating capacity hardly decreases.
第1の発明は、熱機関により駆動される圧縮
機、外気側熱交換器、負荷側熱交換器、膨張装置
及びこれらの機器を接続する冷媒経路よりなるヒ
ートポンプと、前記熱機関からの排熱を回収する
排熱回収装置とを備えたヒートポンプ装置におい
て、前記排熱回収装置及び前記負荷側熱交換器に
負荷流体を導く負荷流体経路と、外気温を直接的
又は間接的に検出する外気温検出装置と、外気温
が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検出された
ときに、冷媒ガスを、高圧冷媒ガス経路から、外
気側熱交換器をバイパスさせて、該外気側熱交換
器よりも下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷媒ガスバ
イパス装置と、外気温が所定の異常低温度以下で
あることが検出されたときに、前記熱機関の最大
設定回転数を通常時の最大設定回転数よりも上昇
せしめる回転数制御装置とを備えたことを特徴と
するヒートポンプ装置であるので、外気温度が異
常に低くなつたときにおいてもヒートポンプを成
立せしめ、エンジンの回転数によつて増大する圧
縮機仕事相当の熱及びエンジン排熱を温水に与
え、暖房容量が殆ど低下せず、温水ボイラを用い
る必要がない。また、第2の発明はさらに冷媒液
をバイパスさせたことにより、冷媒の温度が下が
り、劣化を防ぐことができる。
A first invention provides a heat pump comprising a compressor driven by a heat engine, an outside air side heat exchanger, a load side heat exchanger, an expansion device, and a refrigerant path connecting these devices; A heat pump device comprising: a load fluid path that guides a load fluid to the exhaust heat recovery device and the load-side heat exchanger; and an outside temperature that directly or indirectly detects the outside temperature. and a detection device, when it is detected that the outside temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature, the refrigerant gas is bypassed from the outside air side heat exchanger from the high pressure refrigerant gas path, and from the outside air side heat exchanger. and a refrigerant gas bypass device that guides the heat engine to a downstream low-pressure refrigerant path, and when it is detected that the outside temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature, the maximum set rotation speed of the heat engine is changed to the normal maximum set rotation speed. Since this heat pump device is characterized by being equipped with a rotation speed control device that increases the rotation speed, the heat pump can operate even when the outside air temperature is abnormally low. Heat equivalent to work and engine exhaust heat are given to hot water, heating capacity hardly decreases, and there is no need to use a hot water boiler. Further, in the second invention, by bypassing the refrigerant liquid, the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered and deterioration can be prevented.
第1図は本発明の実施例のフロー図、第2図は
この実施例の外気温異常低下時の熱流れ線図であ
る。
1……圧縮機、2……四方弁、3……外気側熱
交換器、4……チエツキ弁、5……レシーバー、
6……膨張弁、7……負荷側熱交換器、8……チ
エツキ弁、9……膨張弁、10……エンジン、1
1……ジヤケツト部、12……ポンプ、13……
三方弁、14……空冷冷却水冷却器、15……三
方弁、16……水冷冷却水冷冷却器、17……三
方弁、18……ポンプ、19……排ガス熱回収装
置、20……ダンパー、21……マフラー、2
2,22′,22″……排ガスダクト、23……放
出孔、24……防音ボツクス、25……給気口、
26……フアン、27,28……バイパス弁、2
9……上部ヘツダー、30……排ガスダクト、3
1……冷媒ガスバイパス経路、32……冷媒液バ
イパス経路。
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a heat flow diagram of this embodiment when the outside temperature is abnormally low. 1...Compressor, 2...Four-way valve, 3...Outside air side heat exchanger, 4...Check valve, 5...Receiver,
6... Expansion valve, 7... Load side heat exchanger, 8... Check valve, 9... Expansion valve, 10... Engine, 1
1...Jacket part, 12...Pump, 13...
Three-way valve, 14... Air-cooled cooling water cooler, 15... Three-way valve, 16... Water-cooled water-cooled cooler, 17... Three-way valve, 18... Pump, 19... Exhaust gas heat recovery device, 20... Damper , 21...muffler, 2
2, 22', 22''...exhaust gas duct, 23...discharge hole, 24...soundproof box, 25...air supply port,
26...Fan, 27, 28...Bypass valve, 2
9... Upper header, 30... Exhaust gas duct, 3
1... Refrigerant gas bypass path, 32... Refrigerant liquid bypass path.
Claims (1)
換器、負荷側熱交換器、膨張装置及びこれらの機
器を接続する冷媒経路よりなるヒートポンプと、
前記熱機関からの排熱を回収する排熱回収装置と
を備えたヒートポンプ装置において、 前記排熱回収装置及び前記負荷側熱交換器に負
荷流体を導く負荷流体経路と、外気温を直接的又
は間接的に検出する外気温検出装置と、 外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検
出されたときに、冷媒ガスを、高圧冷媒ガス経路
から、外気側熱交換器をバイパスさせて、該外気
側熱交換器よりも下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷
媒ガスバイパス装置と、 外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検
出されたときに、前記熱機関の最大設定回転数を
通常時の最大設定回転数よりも上昇せしめる回転
数制御装置。 とを備えたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ装
置。 2 熱機関により駆動される圧縮機、外気側熱交
換器、負荷側熱交換器、膨張装置及びこれらの機
器を接続する冷媒経路よりなるヒートポンプと、
前記熱機関からの排熱を回収する排熱回収装置と
を備えたヒートポンプ装置において、 前記排熱回収装置及び前記負荷側熱交換器に負
荷流体を導く負荷流体経路と、外気温を直接的又
は間接的に検出する外気温検出装置と、 外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検
出されたときに、冷媒ガスを、高圧冷媒ガス経路
から、外気側熱交換器をバイパスさせて、該外気
側熱交換器よりも下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷
媒ガスバイパス装置と、 外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検
出されたときに、冷媒液を、高圧冷媒液経路か
ら、外気側熱交換器をバイパスさせて、該外気側
熱交換器よりも下流側の低圧冷媒経路へ導く冷媒
液バイパス装置と、 外気温が所定の異常低温度以下であることが検
出されたときに、前記熱機関の最大設定回転数を
通常時の最大設定回転数よりも上昇せしめる回転
数制御装置。 とを備えたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ装
置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A heat pump consisting of a compressor driven by a heat engine, an outside air side heat exchanger, a load side heat exchanger, an expansion device, and a refrigerant path connecting these devices;
A heat pump device comprising an exhaust heat recovery device that recovers exhaust heat from the heat engine, the load fluid path guiding a load fluid to the exhaust heat recovery device and the load side heat exchanger, an outside air temperature detection device that indirectly detects the outside air temperature; and when it is detected that the outside air temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature, the refrigerant gas is bypassed through the outside air side heat exchanger from the high pressure refrigerant gas path; a refrigerant gas bypass device that guides the refrigerant to a low-pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger; A rotation speed control device that increases the rotation speed above the normal maximum setting. A heat pump device characterized by comprising: 2. A heat pump consisting of a compressor driven by a heat engine, an outside air side heat exchanger, a load side heat exchanger, an expansion device, and a refrigerant path connecting these devices,
A heat pump device comprising an exhaust heat recovery device that recovers exhaust heat from the heat engine, the load fluid path guiding a load fluid to the exhaust heat recovery device and the load side heat exchanger, an outside air temperature detection device that indirectly detects the outside air temperature; and when it is detected that the outside air temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature, the refrigerant gas is bypassed through the outside air side heat exchanger from the high pressure refrigerant gas path; a refrigerant gas bypass device that guides the refrigerant to a low-pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger; , a refrigerant liquid bypass device that bypasses an outside air side heat exchanger and guides the refrigerant to a low pressure refrigerant path downstream of the outside air side heat exchanger; and when it is detected that the outside air temperature is below a predetermined abnormally low temperature. and a rotation speed control device for increasing the maximum set rotation speed of the heat engine above the normal maximum set rotation speed. A heat pump device characterized by comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP55176988A JPS57101267A (en) | 1980-12-15 | 1980-12-15 | Heat pump apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP55176988A JPS57101267A (en) | 1980-12-15 | 1980-12-15 | Heat pump apparatus |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS57101267A JPS57101267A (en) | 1982-06-23 |
JPS6326833B2 true JPS6326833B2 (en) | 1988-05-31 |
Family
ID=16023215
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP55176988A Granted JPS57101267A (en) | 1980-12-15 | 1980-12-15 | Heat pump apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS57101267A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04174491A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1992-06-22 | Koudo Eizou Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Back surface projection type liquid crystal display device |
JPH06347749A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-12-22 | Proxima Corp | Low-profile type liquid crystal projector and application thereof |
-
1980
- 1980-12-15 JP JP55176988A patent/JPS57101267A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04174491A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1992-06-22 | Koudo Eizou Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Back surface projection type liquid crystal display device |
JPH06347749A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-12-22 | Proxima Corp | Low-profile type liquid crystal projector and application thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS57101267A (en) | 1982-06-23 |
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