JPS63218606A - Vermin repellent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a grain weevil repellent or mosquito repellent utilizable without fear of hazards on human health, by using active components comprising vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil which are natural essential oil having high safety. CONSTITUTION:The objective repellent for grain weevil (such as rice weevil and pea weevil) or mosquito (e.g. yellow fever mosquito) contains vetiver oil (essential oil produced by the steam distillation of dried root of vetiver cultured in various places in tropics and subtropics) and/or patchouli oil (essential oil produced by fermenting shade-dried leaf of patchouli cultured in various places in tropics and subtropics and subjecting the fermented product to steam distillation, etc.) as active components. The repellent gives absolutely no adverse effects to rices, peas or environment storing the rices, etc., and to human body even in the case of direct contact with the repellent.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention is directed to a repellent for grain storage pests such as grain weevils, bean weevils, etc. and mosquitoes, which has an excellent repellent effect against these pests. The present invention relates to a stored grain pest repellent or mosquito repellent that contains vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil, which are highly safe natural essential oils, as active ingredients and can be used without worrying about human health.

(B) Conventional technology In the past, many substances have been proposed as pest repellents, mainly for mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, etc., but all of these pests live closely in our lives. Therefore, there are limits to the treatment of chemicals, and it is currently extremely difficult to safely exterminate them.

In particular, grains are directly consumed by us, and
There are stricter restrictions in terms of safety for human health, sustainability, odor, etc., including when applying or spraying directly to the human body for the purpose of controlling blood-sucking pests such as mosquitoes, and pests that meet these conditions No repellent has been developed.

(c) Problems to be solved by the invention Feeding damage caused by stored grain insects is estimated to be 5% of the production of rice grains.
It is said to be ~10%. These pests are mainly controlled by fumigants, but there are some cases where fumigation is not applicable, and there has been a need for alternative safe and effective control agents.

Certain natural essential oils are known to have repellent effects against pests such as mosquitoes, flies, and cockroaches. For example, bergamot oil, birch tar, camphor, citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, coconut oil, lavender. oil, nutmeg oil, clove oil, orange blossom oil, peppermint oil,
Vires rum, thyme oil, cinnamon oil, etc.
It has been disclosed that it has a repellent effect against mosquitoes [H
&RC0NTACT No, 38.8-11 (19
84)].

Also, citronella oil, geranium oil, patchouli oil, camphor oil, etc.
It has been reported that it has an anorexic effect on lars) [Pe5tisides 15(7), 21
-22 (1981)].

Furthermore, vetiver oil has a repellent effect against flies and cockroaches, and its active ingredients include xi nzanal and epiz
It is also known to be inzanal [Te
trahedron Letters, 23
(45), 4639 (1982).

However, as is well known, there is no universal behavior control substance such as attractant or repellent for insects, and it is said that they vary depending on the type of insect and its growth stage.

The prior art exemplified above does not mention or suggest at all that vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil has a repellent effect on grain storage pests and mosquitoes.

(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have searched for various repellent effects against stored grain pests such as grain weevils and bean weevils, which have never been investigated using natural essential oils.

As a result, it was discovered that patchouli oil and/or vetiver oil has a strong repellent effect against these stored grain pests, and also has a strong repellent effect against mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, leading to the present invention.

Examples of stored grain pests in the present invention include grain stored pests that damage grains, flour, and processed foods, such as the grain weevil (Sitophilus zeamais M),
Adzuki bean weevil (Callosobruchus c.
hinensis L,), Japanese bean weevil (C
allosobruchus s+aculatus
Fab, ) and spice weevil (Stegobiuw
paniceum), etc.

In addition, the mosquitoes targeted in the present invention include, for example, Culex pipiens palle.
ns C0QLIILLETT), Japanese black aedes (A
rmigeres 5ubalbatusCOQU I
LLETT), Aedes alb.
opictus SKUSE), Shina Hamadara Power (Ano
pheles 5inensis1/IEDEMAN
N) and Aedes egypti
Examples include shi, ), etc.

The active ingredient vetiver oil used in the present invention is vetiver oil, which is cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas.
It is an essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the dried roots of Ria zizanoides 5 tapf, which has a characteristic oriental scent and has been used as a fragrance in cosmetics, soaps, etc. since ancient times.

In addition, the active ingredient patchouli oil that can be used in the present invention is patchouli (Pogoste cabbage on cabtin), which is also widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions.
Examples include essential oils obtained by drying the leaves of Benth., and then steam distilling them after fermentation, or by distilling them using pressurized steam.

The above active ingredients vetiver oil and patchouli oil are
Each of them can be used alone or appropriately mixed in any proportion. Further, the amount to be used may be any amount that is effective for repelling and can be selected and changed as appropriate, and can be selected and set in advance experimentally as necessary depending on the mode of use, the type of stored grain pests or mosquitoes, etc.

Moreover, the above essential oils may be obtained by extraction using an organic solvent such as alcohol, acetone, or hexane, in addition to steam distillation.

Furthermore, if desired, these essential oils may be separated into, for example, hydrocarbon fractions and oxygen-containing fractions, and if necessary, the oxygen-containing fractions may be divided into alcohols, carbonyls, esters, ethers, carboxylic acids, etc. They can also be fractionated and used as appropriate.

The above essential oils used in grain storage pest repellents or mosquito repellents are:
Each can be used alone or in combination, but suitable solvents such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol,
Alcohols such as propylene glycol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran,
Ethers such as dioxane, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, kerosene, paraffin, petroleum benzine, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, esters such as ethyl acetate, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloroethane, etc. It can be used after being dissolved or diluted.

In another embodiment, it can be used by adsorbing, mixing or dispersing it on a carrier such as diatomaceous earth, alumina, acid clay, wood flour, kaolin, bentonite, or activated carbon. It can also be used by impregnating or kneading various synthetic resins. Furthermore, if desired, emulsifiers, dispersants, suspending agents, spreading agents, penetrants, wetting agents, stabilizers, etc. may be added to form oils, emulsions,
It can be used in dosage forms such as wettable powders, powders, tablets, and sprays. Such preparations can contain, for example, from 1 to 99% by weight of active ingredient.

In addition, the vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil used in the present invention may be used in combination with other insecticides, herbicides, other repellents, fragrances, fungicides, fungicides, etc., if desired. You can also do it.

The grain storage pest repellent or mosquito repellent of the present invention, which can be obtained as described above, can be applied, for example, by directly spraying, scattering, or coating on the habitat, hiding place, or passageway of grain storage pests or mosquitoes. This method allows grain storage pests or mosquitoes to escape from a certain area and effectively prevents feeding damage or blood-sucking by these pests.

(e) Action The components exhibiting repellent activity in vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil used as grain storage insect repellent or mosquito repellent in the present invention are not necessarily clear, but these essential oils It has been discovered for the first time by the present invention that this has a very strong repellent effect on stored grain pests and mosquitoes.

Some embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below.

(f) Examples Example 1. Repellent effect against brown weevil 12<em>X1
Drill a hole with a diameter of 6 mm in the center of a 2 cm flat glass plate, and place a hole with a diameter of 2 mm below the hole. A glass cylindrical container with a size of 5c11 and a height of 3 cm was placed. In this glass cylinder, 0.1 g of brown rice ether extract and the required amount of sample vetiver oil (0.1 mg,
Three stages of 0.25 mg and 0.5 mg) were added.

Within a week after emergence, 20 adult brown weevils (mixed male and female) were released onto the glass plate, and after 2 hours, the number of weevils in the glass cylinder was counted to determine the repellent activity.

As a control, filter paper impregnated only with brown rice ether extract was used.

The conditions for this biological test include a temperature of 24°C and a temperature of 55% in the dark.
The test was repeated several times and the average value was used.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 ++: O ~ 2 animals As is clear from the results in Table 1, vetiver oil 0.
Addition of 25 mg or more showed a remarkable repellent effect on brown weevils.

Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that patchouli oil was used instead of vetiver oil. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Meaning of symbols: As is clear from the results in Table 2, which are the same as Table 1, patchouli oil 0.
Addition of 0.025 mg or more showed a remarkable repellent effect against brown weevils.

Example 3 The vetiver oil and patchouli oil used in Examples 1 and 2 were each fractionated into two parts, a hydrocarbon part and an oxygen-containing part, by column chromatography. The test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the four fractions described above were used in place of vetiver oil, and the display of the 0 determination results was also the same. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 As is clear from the results in Table 3, in the vetiver oil hydrocarbon portion, 0.05. Above, 0.25 mg in the same oxygen-containing part
Above, furthermore, in the patchouli oil hydrocarbon part, 0.05m
Addition of 0.05 mg or more in the same oxygen-containing part showed a remarkable repellent effect on brown weevils.

Example 4 Repellent action against adzuki bean weevils Ten adzuki beans washed with ether were placed in two Petri dishes each having a diameter of 3W. In one of the bedding dishes, there is 2 ether.
Add a solution containing the required amount of sample vetiver oil to 1, remove the ether with a dryer while stirring well,
Vetiver oil was evenly applied to the surface of the adzuki beans. The other adzuki bean was left untreated, and each Petri dish was made into a 15mm (diameter)
? They were placed on both the left and right ends of No. 11 petri dish.

Five pairs of unmated adult adzuki bean weevils within 24 hours after emergence were released into a petri dish, and the number of insects on the adzuki bean plants in the sample and control areas was counted every 10 minutes to determine the repellent activity. Observations were made four times and the total was taken.

In addition, spawning was allowed for 24 hours, and the spawning suppressing activity was determined from the number of eggs laid on the adzuki beans in the sample and control plots. 3
The test was repeated several times and the total number of eggs was used.

The conditions for the biological test were a temperature of 26° C., a humidity of 60 to 70%, and lighting for 14 hours and 7 days. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

Table 4 (Repellent effect) Table 5 (Suppressing effect on spawning) As is clear from the results in Tables 4 and 5, the vetiver oil of the present invention has a remarkable repellency against the adzuki bean weevil when 0.51 Ig or more is added. It showed effectiveness and egg-laying suppressive effect.

Example 5 The same procedure as in Example 4 was repeated except that patchouli oil was used instead of vetiver oil. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.

Table 6 (Repellent action) The meanings of the symbols are the same as those in Table 4 Table 7 (Spawning suppressive action) The meanings of the symbols are the same as Table 5 As is clear from the results in Tables 6 and 7, patchouli of the present invention The oil had a remarkable repellent effect and egg-laying suppressing effect on the adzuki bean weevil.

Example 6 Repellent effect on Aedes aegypti force Since Aedes aegypti attracts most significantly due to temperature gradient, a repellent test was conducted using the hot tube method as described below.

Prepare a cage of 30CIX 30CIX 30CI+, and wrap a heating wire in advance in this cage so that the temperature can be adjusted using a transformer (Slidac).It is 7cm in diameter and 10cm in height.
A c11 metal cylinder was placed.

Next, dissolve the required amount of the sample (vetiver oil or patchouli oil) in 10 ml of ether, put it in a 1001 volume Kolben, soak gauze cut into 10 cm x 22 cm in it, and remove the ether with a hairdryer while stirring well. sample was included. Approximately 35 pieces of this gauze
It was wrapped around the metal cylinder set at ℃ and placed in the center of the cage.

Fifty pairs of blood-sucking adult Aedes aegypti 1 to 2 weeks after emergence were placed in this cage, and 5 minutes later, the repellent activity was determined from the number of mosquitoes on the gauze. A similar test was conducted using untreated gauze as a control.

The conditions for the biological test were a temperature of 24° C., a humidity of 60 to 70%, and lighting, and the average value of three repeated tests was used. Note that this biological test was conducted only during the daytime, as the activity of Netsutaishima has a tendency to slow down from 1 to 2 hours before sunset.

The results are shown in Tables 8, 9 and 10.

Table 8 ++: 0 to 8 animals The meanings of the symbols in Table 9 are the same as in Table 8. The meanings of the symbols in Table 1O are the same as in Table 8. It is also clear from the results of Tables 8, 9, and 10. As such, the vetiver oil or patchouli oil of the present invention is
In the above test, approximately 0.0% when used alone or in combination. Addition of 5 mg showed a strong repellent effect against Aedes aegypti.

(G) Effects of the Invention The pest repellent of the present invention contains extremely safe vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil, which have been used as natural fragrance substances since ancient times, as an active ingredient, and is extremely effective against grain storage pests and mosquitoes. It is an insect repellent that exhibits a strong repellent effect.

Therefore, we eliminate concerns about harm to humans and livestock associated with conventional repellents of this type, and use them in the environment where they are stored, such as rice grains and beans, as well as in direct contact with the human body. The significance of providing a repellent is extremely large.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A stored grain pest repellent characterized by containing vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil as an active ingredient. 2. A mosquito repellent characterized by containing vetiver oil and/or patchouli oil as an active ingredient.