JPH0625046B2 - Pest control agent - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to ovaknone, limonin, nomiline, deoxylimonin, extracted from citrus peels and / or seeds.
The present invention relates to a pest control agent containing one or more of deacetylnomylin and limonexic acid as active ingredients.

(Prior Art) With the rapid increase in crop production in recent years, the amount of chemicals used for controlling agricultural pests has significantly increased. In addition, damages such as wood pests, stored-product pests, unpleasant pests and sanitary pests have been diversified due to changes in living environment, and the use of pest control agents for their control has been increasing. However, the chemicals commonly used as pest control agents today include synthetic chemicals such as pyrethroids, organophosphorus, organochlorine and carbamate.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Most of the pest control agents currently in use are chemically synthesized products, and safety and residual toxicity are problems.
As a result of the significant increase in the amount of pesticides used, not only direct damage to sprayers but also residual toxicity to the harvested material, groundwater pollution, residual toxicity to the environment, and accumulation have become serious social problems. Therefore, a pest control agent having high safety and less residual toxicity is strongly desired.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present inventors have conducted earnest research to develop a pest control agent that is not a synthetic product and is naturally derived, highly effective, highly safe, and has little residual toxicity. It was found that the extract of the origin has an excellent pest control effect, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides a natural pest control agent containing an active ingredient extracted from citrus peels and / or seeds.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The pest control agent of the present invention can exert an excellent control effect against various wood pests, agricultural pests, satellite pests, stored grain pests and discomfort, and has extremely low toxicity to humans and livestock, and is extremely safe.

The citrus fruit used in the present invention is Unshu mandarin orange (Ci
truss unshiu Marc. ), Orange (C
itrus sinensis), Natsumikan (Cit)
rus natsudaidai Hayata), Cistanche sativa (Citrus natsudaidai)
var. ), Hassaku (Citrus hassak)
u Hort. et Tanaka), Iyokan (Ci
trus iyo Hort. et Tanaka),
Boncan (Citrus reticulata Bl
anco), Tankan (Citrus tankan)
Hayata), Daidai (Citrus auran)
tium L. ), Yuzu (Citrus junos)
Sieb. ex Tanaka), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), lemon (Cit)
rus limon) and these are citrus family (Ru
(Taceae) plant.

The pulp and / or juice of the fruits of these plants are widely used for canning, soft drinks, etc., but the peels and / or seeds have little utility and are treated as industrial waste.

The present invention has succeeded by paying attention to this fact, and ovaknone, limonin, nomiline, deoxylimonin, deacetylnomylin, and limonexic acid used in the present invention can be produced as follows. Citrus unshiu mandarin orange or orange, natsuki mandarin orange, amanatsu mandarin orange, hassaku, yoyokan, ponkan, tankan, daidai, yuzu,
An organic solvent is added to the peel and / or seeds of grapefruit, lemon, etc., and a sufficient extraction treatment is carried out at room temperature or under heating by a conventional method, and then the extraction residue is filtered off, and the solvent is removed from the filtrate by evaporation to concentrate the ovaquinone An extract containing limonin, nomilin, deoxylimonin, deacetylnomylin, limonexic acid is obtained.

Organic solvents used for extraction include halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and acetone; esters such as methyl acetate; ethers such as methyl ether, ethyl ether, propyl ether and isopropyl ether. ;
Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, octanol;
Hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene. Among these solvents, halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane are most suitable.

Further, as a means for purifying ovakunone, limonin, nomiline, deoxylimonin, deacetylnomylin, limonexic acid, ordinary column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, recrystallization, etc., or a combination thereof can be employed.

The target pests of the pest control agent of the present invention are specifically wood pests such as termites and bark beetles, planthoppers, leafhoppers, armyworms, moths, diamondback moths, clams, mosquitoes, aphids, spider mites. Agricultural pests such as flies, mosquitoes,
Sanitary pests such as cockroaches, fleas, bedbugs, house mites, lice, stored-grain pests such as mites, bryophytes, weevil, ticks, spruce mites, pest mites, helminths, chironomids, butterflies, centipedes, gemmages and beetles. You can Therefore, the pest control agent of the present invention can be used very effectively from these pests for the protection of crops, stored grains, etc., and the improvement of safety and health aspects such as living environment.

The pest control agent of the present invention can be used alone or as a mixture of ovaknone, limonin, nomiline, deoxylimonin, deacetylnomylin, and limonexic acid obtained as described above, or a suitable carrier according to a usual pharmaceutical formulation. And / or formulated with a diluent for practical use.

Further, by using the pest control agent containing other active ingredients, the amount of the existing synthetic pest control agent can be reduced. Examples of other active ingredients used in combination include pyrethroid insecticides, organophosphorus insecticides,
Organochlorine insecticide, carbamate insecticide, acaricide,
Examples include anticides, microbial pesticides, insect hormones, attractants and contraceptives.

In formulating the pest control agent of the present invention, the carrier and / or diluent used are not different from those usually used. The obtained formulation may be the same as usual ones, for example, poison bait, powder, granules, wettable powder, emulsion,
The dosage form such as an oil agent, an aerosol agent, a smoke agent, and a mosquito coiling incense form can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use. Preparation of each of these dosage forms can be carried out by a usual method. For example, solid agents such as powders and granules may be obtained by mixing one or more kinds of ovaknone, limonin, nomiline, deoxylimonin, deacetylnomylin, and limonexic acid obtained as described above with a suitable carrier, It is prepared by crushing or granulating. Commonly used carriers include soybean flour,
Tobacco flour, wheat flour, wood flour, starch, plant powder such as sucrose, lactose, kaolin, bentonite, clay such as acid clay, talc such as talc powder, wax stone powder, diatomaceous earth, silica such as mica powder, etc. Mineral powders such as magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, calcium phosphate and the like can be mentioned. The poison bait is prepared in the same manner as the above solid formulation using various raw materials such as wheat flour, sugar, fish meal and / or insect feed. Liquid preparations such as wettable powders, emulsions and oils are prepared by a conventional method using water or other suitable solvent and, if necessary, dispersants such as various surfactants. Aerosols, smoke agents, mosquito coil incense forms, etc. are also prepared by a conventional method using a propellant, a fuming base, a combustible base, etc. In addition to surfactants such as emulsifiers, dispersants, suspending agents, spreading agents, penetrants, etc. which are usually added and blended in the above-mentioned preparations, for example, wetting agents, mucilage agents, stabilizing agents, etc. Agents, synergists, etc. can also be added. Examples of the surfactant include various soaps, higher alcohol sulfates, alkyl sulfonic acids, alkylaryl sulfonic acids, and
Examples include primary ammonium salts, oxyalkylamines, fatty acid esters, polyalkylene oxides and the like.

The amount of the extract obtained as described above contained in each formulation is appropriately determined according to the dosage form of the above formulation and is not particularly limited, but generally in the range of about 0.1 to 90% by weight. It is good to be said. The method of use of each preparation differs depending on its dosage form, and the liquid agent is applied by spraying, spraying, impregnating, etc., by spreading an appropriate amount usually on the part requiring treatment by this dosage form. . The dosage depends on the dosage form,
It is appropriately determined according to the application method, application site, type of pest to be applied, desired control effect, etc., and is not limited as long as the desired control effect is achieved.

(Operation) Next, examples and test examples of the present invention will be described.

Example 1 800 g of dried seeds of Natsumikan were defatted 3 times with 5 times amount of petroleum ether, then 10 times amount of dichloromethane was added, and extraction was performed 3 times at room temperature. The obtained extraction mixture was filtered and concentrated to dryness with a rotary evaporator to obtain a brown oily substance. A small amount of dichloromethane was added to this oil to dissolve it, and then excess petroleum ether was added to obtain 7.8 g of a pale yellow precipitate. This precipitate was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (Fuji Devison Chemical Co., Ltd. silica gel BW-300, eluent; chloroform: acetone =
Fractionation was performed at 9: 1) to obtain 100 mg of ovakunone, 1.0 g of limonin, 738 mg of nomirin, 90 mg of deoxylimonin, 10 mg of deacetylnomylin, and 8 mg of limonexic acid.

Example 2 600 g of dried pericarp of Natsumikan was defatted 3 times with 5 times amount of petroleum ether, then 10 times amount of dichloromethane was added, and extraction was performed 3 times at room temperature. The obtained extraction mixture was filtered and concentrated to dryness with a rotary evaporator to obtain a brown oily substance. A small amount of dichloromethane was added to this oil to dissolve it, and then excess petroleum ether was added to obtain 5 g of a pale yellow precipitate. This precipitate was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (Fuji Devison Chemical Co., Ltd. silica gel BW-300, eluent; chloroform: acetone =
Fractionation was performed at 9: 1) to obtain 30 mg of ovakunone, 350 mg of limonin, 150 mg of nomilin, and 16 mg of deoxylimonin.

Example 3 An insect feed (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.) was pulverized into powder, and then 99 parts by weight of this product and 1 part by weight of limonin were mixed with each other. In addition, for insect feed 1
0 part by weight of water was added, and the mixture was kneaded and dried to obtain a certain type of pest control agent of the present invention.

Test Example 1 A filter paper having a diameter of 8 mm (Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd., paper disk, weight: 17 mg) was coated with a solution prepared by dissolving a certain amount of ocbanone in chloroform and air-dried. This was put in a plastic petri dish having a diameter of 35 mm, 10 termites were released, and the mortality rate was calculated. Table 1 shows the test amount and mortality rate (%) of Obakunon.

Test Example 2 A filter paper having a diameter of 8 mm (Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd., paper disk, weight 17 mg) was coated with a liquid prepared by dissolving a predetermined amount of limonin in chloroform and air-dried. This was put in a plastic petri dish having a diameter of 35 mm, 10 termites were released, and the mortality rate was calculated. The test amount of limonin and the mortality rate (%) are shown in Table 2.

Test Example 3 A filter paper having a diameter of 8 mm (Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd., paper disc, weight 17 mg) was coated with a solution prepared by dissolving a predetermined amount of nomilin in chloroform and air-dried. This was put in a plastic petri dish having a diameter of 35 mm, 10 termites were released, and the mortality rate was calculated. Table 3 shows the test dose and mortality rate (%) of Nomilin.

Test Example 4 A filter paper having a diameter of 8 mm (Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd., paper disk, weight 17 mg) was coated with a solution prepared by dissolving a predetermined amount of deoxylimonin in chloroform and air-dried.
This was put in a plastic petri dish having a diameter of 35 mm, 10 termites were released, and the mortality rate was calculated. Table 4 shows the amount of deoxylimonin tested and the mortality rate (%).

Test Example 5 5 g of pest control agent containing limonin prepared in Example 3
Forty (40) German cockroaches were allowed to stand for 4 weeks, and the mortality rate (%) and the weight loss rate (%) of the pest control agent were determined. Table 5 shows the insecticidal effect of the pest control agent of the present invention. An artificial feed that does not contain limonin (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.,
The results of the case of feeding only corn granule feed) are also shown as a control.

(Effect) As is clear from the above-mentioned test examples, the pest control agent for natural plant extraction of the present invention exhibits an excellent pest control effect against a wide range of pests and is highly safe and has little residual toxicity. It is an agent.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued from the front page (56) References JP-A-55-49304 (JP, A) JP-A-62-409 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pest control agent comprising one or more of ovakunone, limonin, nomiline, deoxylimonin, deacetylnomylin and limonexic acid as active ingredients.