JPH01102007A - Insect pest controlling agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an insect pest controlling agent, containing a naturally occurring plant extract substance, such as berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorine, menisperine or phellodendrine obtained from Amur corks which are rutaceous plants as an active ingredient and having high safety. CONSTITUTION:A safe insect pest controlling agent, containing berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorine, menisperine, phellodendrine or an inorganic or organic acid salt thereof as an active ingredient and capable of exhibiting excellent mothproofing effects on a wide range of insect pests with hardly any residual toxicity. The above-mentioned active ingredient is obtained by adding an organic solvent (preferably alcohol), water or hydrous organic solvent to Phellodendron amurense RUPRECHT, Phellodendron amurense RUPRECHT var. japonicum (MAXIM.) OHWI, Phellodendron amurense RUPRECHT var. sachalinense FR. SCHM., Phellodendron amurense RUPRECHT var. lavallei (DODE) SPRAGUE, Phellodendron chinese SCHNEID., Phellodendron wilsonii HAYATA et KANEHIRA and carrying out sufficient extraction at ambient temperature or while heating. Termites, planthoppers, tetranychids, flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, mites, etc., are cited as the object insect pests of the insect pest controlling agent.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to berberine or palmatine.

Kandisin, Magnoflorin, Menisperine.

The present invention relates to a pest control agent containing one or more types of ferrodendrin as an active ingredient.

(Prior Art) With the rapid increase in agricultural production in recent years, the amount of chemicals used for controlling agricultural pests has increased significantly. Also, due to changes in living environment, houses and pills.

Wood pests, grain storage pests, unpleasant pests in warehouses, factories, etc.
The damage caused by sanitary pest control is also diversifying, and the use of pest control agents to control them is also increasing.

However, the chemicals that are generally used as insect pest control agents today include synthetic agents such as pyrethroid, organophosphorus, organochlorine, and carbamate (problems to be solved by the invention) Currently used pest control agents Most of the agents are chemically synthesized products, and safety and residual toxicity are issues.

As a result of the significant increase in the amount of pest control agents used, not only direct damage to sprayers, but also residual toxicity and accumulation in the environment, such as persistence in crops and groundwater contamination, have become serious social problems. Therefore, there is a strong demand for pest control agents that are highly safe and have less residual toxicity.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors have conducted intensive research to develop a pest control agent made from South America that is not a synthetic product but a natural product that is highly effective, highly safe, and has low residual toxicity. The inventors have discovered that plant-derived substances exhibit excellent pest control effects, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a natural pest control agent containing as an active ingredient one or more of berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisperine, and ferrodendrin.

Berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisperine, and ferrodendrin used in the present invention are obtained from yellowfin tuna, or yellowfin tuna (Phellodendro
n amutense RUPRECHT), Phellodendron amurens
eRUPRECHT var, japonicum (
MAXIM,)OHWI), Phe
llodendron amurense RUP
RECHT var, 5achalinenae
FR, SCHM, ), Yellowfin tuna (Phellode)
ndron amurense RUPREC
HT var, 1avallei (DODE) SP
RAGUE), Shinakihada (Phellodendro)
n chinenseSCHNEID, ), Formosan Yellowfin (Phellodendron wils)
onii HAYATA et KANEHI
RA) is a plant belonging to the Rutaceae family.The dried bark of these trees, after removing the cork layer, has been used as amberjack since ancient times, and has already been confirmed to be highly safe.

Berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnobroline, menisperine, and ferrodendrin are extracted by adding an organic solvent or a water-containing organic solvent or water to yellowfin tuna, yellowfin tuna, Japanese yellowfin tuna, Japanese yellowfin tuna, Chinese yellowfin tuna, Formosan yellowfin tuna, and adding an organic solvent or a water-containing organic solvent or water to the yellowfin tuna, and then extracting it at room temperature or under heating using a conventional method. Perform a sufficient extraction process, then filter the extraction residue,
Examples of organic solvents or water-containing organic solvents used in the extraction operation, which is carried out by distilling off or concentrating the solvent from the filtrate, include methanol, ethanol, propatool,
Alcohols such as isopropanol, phthanol, and octatool; Polyols such as propylene glycol and glycerin; Ethers such as methyl ether, ethyl ether, propyl ether, isopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane; Ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and acetone; Esters such as ethyl acetate; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane;
Hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, and their hydrated substances are used. Among these solvents,
Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol are most suitable.

Purification methods for berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisperine, and ferrodendrin include ordinary column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, precipitation method, acid precipitation method, recrystallization method, supercritical fluid extraction method, etc. A combination of can be adopted.

Berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisperine, and ferrodendrin form salts with various inorganic acids and organic acids, and the berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisperine, and ferrodendrin used in the present invention are Various inorganic acid salts and organic acid salts may be used, and the pest control effect remains the same.

Examples of inorganic acid salts include hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, and nitrate. Examples of organic acid salts include acetate, oxalate, paratoluenesulfonate, and the like.

Specifically, the target pests of the pest control agent of the present invention include:
Timber pests such as termites and bark beetles, agricultural pests such as planthoppers, leafhoppers, armyworms, noctuid moths, diamondback moths, leafhoppers, borer moths, aphids, spider mites, flies, power, etc.
Hygiene pests such as cockroaches, fleas, bed bugs, house mites, lice, and mites.

Examples include grain storage pests such as fukumoths and brown elephants, unpleasant pests such as ticks, mites, black mites, wasps, midges, butterfly flies, centipedes, and grasshoppers, and grass beetles. Therefore, the pest control agent of the present invention can be very effectively used to protect agricultural crops, stored grains, etc. from these pests, and to improve the safety and hygiene of the living environment.

In the pest control agent of the present invention, berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisperine, or ferrodendrin can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more of them, but they can be used in combination with an appropriate carrier and/or dilution according to the usual pharmaceutical formulation. It is formulated with a drug and put into practical use.

Furthermore, by incorporating other active ingredients into the pest control agent, the amount of existing synthetic pest control agents used can be reduced. Other active ingredients used in combination include, for example, pyrethroid insecticides, organophosphorus insecticides,
Organochlorine insecticide.

Examples include carbamate insecticides, acaricides, and termiticides.

In formulating the pest control agent of the present invention, the carrier and/or diluent used are not different from those commonly used, and the resulting formulation may also be the same as conventional ones, such as poison bait.

Dosage forms such as single powder, wettable powder, emulsion, oil, aerosol, smoke, and mosquito coil form can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use. The preparation of each of these dosage forms can be carried out by a conventional method.For example, a solid agent such as a powder 9-grain tablet may be suitably mixed with berberine, or one and/or two or more of palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisberine, and ferrodendrin. It is prepared by mixing with a suitable carrier and grinding or granulating as necessary. Commonly used carriers include, for example, soybean powder, tobacco powder, wheat flour, wood flour, starch, vegetable powders such as white sugar and lactose, clays such as kaolin, bentonite, and acid clay, and talc powders such as talc powder and waxite powder. Examples include silicas such as diatomaceous earth, mica powder, and mineral powders such as magnesium carbonate, fermented magnesium, and calcium phosphate. Poison baits are prepared in the same manner as the solid formulations described above, using various raw materials such as wheat flour, sugar, and fishmeal, and/or insect feed. Liquid preparations such as wettable powders, emulsions, and oil preparations are prepared according to conventional methods using water or other suitable solvents and, if necessary, dispersants such as various surfactants. Aerosol agent.

Fumigants, mosquito coil forms, etc. are also prepared in accordance with conventional methods using propellants, smoke bases, combustible bases, etc., respectively. In each of the above preparations, in addition to surfactants such as emulsifiers, dispersants, suspending agents, R adhesives, and penetrating agents, which are usually added and blended as needed, wetting agents, mucilage agents, stabilizing agents, etc. It is also possible to add hot stones such as agents, synergists, etc. Examples of the surfactant include various soaps, higher alcohol sulfates, alkylsulfonic acids, alkylarylsulfonic acids, quaternary ammonium salts, oxyalkylamines, fatty acid esters, polyalkylene oxides, and the like.

The amount of one or more of berberine, palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisperine, and ferrodendrin contained in each preparation is appropriately determined depending on the above preparation and is not particularly limited, but in general The usage method for each preparation differs depending on its dosage form, and does not differ from the usual method for each dosage form.For example, solid dosage forms are usually used. The liquid agent can be applied by coating, spraying, impregnating, etc. by dispersing an appropriate amount onto the area requiring treatment. It is determined as appropriate depending on the type of pest to be applied, the desired control effect, etc., and there is no limitation as long as the desired control effect is achieved.

(effect) Next, Examples and Test Examples of the present invention will be shown.

Example 1 32 methanol was added to 500 g of dried bark of yellowfin tuna, and extraction was performed at room temperature. The obtained extraction mixture was filtered to obtain a methanol extract. Add methanol 3i to the extraction residue again.
was added and extracted at room temperature. Do this operation 3 times in total,
Three methanol extracts were collected and concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator to obtain 65.3. A yellowish brown powder was obtained.

5 g of this yellowish brown powder was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (Silica gel BW- manufactured by Fuji Davison Chemical Co., Ltd.).
300, eluent; chloroform:methanol:water-80
:20:1) to obtain 20 mg of berberinf, 260 mg of palmatine, 6 mg of candicin, 4 mg of magnoflorin, 2 mg of menisperine, and 1 mg of ferrodendrin.

Example 2 Add 3N methanol to 500g of dry bark of Kekihada,
Extraction was performed at room temperature. The obtained extraction mixture was filtered to obtain a methanol extract. Add 3 methanol to the extraction residue again.
j! was added and extracted at room temperature. This operation was performed three times in total, and three portions of the methanol extract were collected and concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator to obtain 45.2 g of yellowish brown powder. 5 g of this yellowish brown powder was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (Silica gel B manufactured by Fuji Davison Chemical Co., Ltd.).
W-300, eluent; chloroform:methanol:water-
80:20:1) and 640 mg of berberine.
, 210 mg of palmatine, 5 mg of candicin, 4 mg of magnoflorin, 1 mg of menisperine, and 1 mg of ferrodendrin were obtained.

Example 3 After pulverizing insect feed (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.) into powder, 95 parts by weight of this feed and 5 parts by weight of berberine were mixed together. Furthermore, for insect feed,
10 parts by weight of water was added, kneaded and dried to obtain a certain amount of the pest control agent of the present invention.

Example 4 70.5 parts by weight of harmachia was dissolved in 30 parts by weight of methanol, 99.5 parts by weight of kaolin was added, and after thorough stirring, the methanol was distilled off to obtain a pest control agent of the present invention in the form of a 0.5% powder. Ta.

Test Example 1 A solution prepared by dissolving a prescribed amount of berberine in methanol was applied to a filter paper with a diameter of 8 mm (Toyo Roshi Co., Ltd., Pepper Disk, weight 17 mg) and air-dried. This was placed in a plastic Petri dish with a diameter of 35 mm, 10 Yamato termites were released, and the mortality rate was determined. Table 1 shows the amount of berberine tested and the mortality rate (%).

Table 1 Test Example 2 A solution prepared by dissolving a prescribed amount of palmatine in methanol was applied to a filter paper with a diameter of 8 mm (Toyo Roshi Co., Ltd., Pepper Disc, weight 17 mg) and air-dried. This was placed in a plastic Petri dish with a diameter of 35 mm, 10 Yamato termites were released, and the mortality rate was determined. Table 2 shows the amount of palmatine tested and the mortality rate (%).

Table 2 Test Example 3 Pest control agent 5 containing berberine prepared in Example 3
The insecticidal effect of the pest control agent of the present invention is shown in Table 3, where the mortality rate (%) and weight loss rate (%) of the pest control agent after 4 weeks were determined by releasing 40 German cockroaches in g. The results obtained when only an artificial feed containing no berberine (Oriental Yeast Kogyo Co., Ltd., granular feed for conch) was fed are also shown as a control.

Table 3 (Efficacy) As is clear from the above test examples, the pest control agent containing the naturally occurring plant extract of the present invention exhibits excellent larval effects against a wide range of pests, is highly safe, and has no residual It is a pest control agent with low toxicity.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pest control agent characterized by containing berberine, one or more of palmatine, candicin, magnoflorin, menisberine, and ferrodendrin as an active ingredient.