JPH0768097B2 - Pest repellent - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to repellents of stored insects such as weevil, bean weevils and the like, which have an excellent repellent effect against mosquitoes, and more specifically, safety. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a stored grain pest repellent or mosquito repellent that uses vetiver oil and / or patchouli oil, which are highly essential natural oils, as an active ingredient and can eliminate anxiety about human health.

(B) Conventional technology Conventionally, as pest repellents, many substances have been proposed, mainly for mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, etc., but since all of these pests inhabit our lives, There is a limit to the treatment of drugs, and it is very difficult to perform safe disinfection.

Especially cereals are what we eat directly, and
There are more severe restrictions in terms of human health safety, sustainability and odor, including the case of applying or spraying directly to the human body for the purpose of controlling blood sucking pests such as mosquitoes.
No pest repellent satisfying these conditions has been developed.

(C) Problems to be solved by the invention Food damage caused by stored-grain insects is estimated to be 5
It is said to be ~ 10%. The control of these pests depends mainly on fumigants, but in some cases fumigation cannot be applied.
There has been a demand for a safe and effective pesticide as an alternative.

It is known that certain natural essential oils have repellent action against pests such as mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches. For example, bergamot oil, birch tar, camphor, citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, coconut oil, lavender oil, nutmeg oil, clove oil, orange blossom oil, peppermint oil, pyrethrum, thyme oil and cinnamon oil are used against mosquitoes. It has been disclosed that it has a repellent effect [H & R CONTACT No. 36, 8-11 (1984)].

Also, citronella oil, geranium oil, patchouli oil, camphor oil, etc. are caterpillars.
Has been reported to have an antifeedant effect on [Pe
stisides 15 (7), 21-22 (1981)].

It is also known that vetiver oil has repellent action against flies and cockroaches, and its active ingredients are zinzanal and epizinzanal [Tetrahedron Letters, 23 (45), 4
639 (1982)].

However, as is well known, there are no universal behavior control substances such as insect attractants or repellents, and it is said that they differ depending on the type of insect and the stage of its growth.

The above-mentioned prior art does not mention or suggest that vetiver oil and / or patchouli oil have repellent action against stored grain pests and mosquitoes.

(D) Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have used natural essential oils to perform various searches for repellent effects against stored-grain pests such as weevil and bean weevils that have not been studied so far.

As a result, they have found that patchouli oil and / or vetiver oil have a strong repellency against these stored-grain pests, and also have a strong repellency against mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti.

Examples of stored grain pests in the present invention include stored grain pests that damage cereals, flour and processed foods, such as weevil (Sitophilus zeamais M.) and adzuki bean weevil (Callo
sobruchus chinensis L.), Potato weevil (Ca)
llosobruchus maculatus Fab.) and spice weevil (Stegobium paniceum).

In addition, examples of mosquitoes to be used in the present invention include Culex pipiens pallens COQUILLETT, Amaranthes subalbatus COQUILLETT, Aedes albopictus SKUSE, Anopheles sinensis WIedEMAyp. Can be illustrated.

The active ingredient vetiver oil used in the present invention is vetiver (Vetiveria) cultivated in various tropical and subtropical regions.
zizanoides Stapf.) is an essential oil obtained by steam-distilling the dried roots of zizanoides Stapf.) and has a characteristic oriental-style scent, and has been used as a fragrance for cosmetics and soaps since ancient times.

Also, as an active ingredient patchouli oil that can be used in the present invention, the leaves of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.), Which is also widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, are dried in the shade and steam-distilled after fermentation, or An essential oil obtained by distillation using pressurized steam can be exemplified.

The above active ingredients vetiver oil and patchouli oil are
Each can be used alone or can be used by mixing them at an appropriate ratio. Further, the amount to be used may be a repellent effective amount, can be appropriately selected and changed, and can be preliminarily selected and set on a trial basis as necessary depending on the use mode, the type of stored grain pest or mosquito, and the like.

Further, the essential oil as described above may be obtained by extraction using an organic solvent such as alcohol, acetone and hexane in addition to steam distillation.

Furthermore, if desired, these essential oils are separated into, for example, a hydrocarbon portion and an oxygen-containing portion, and if necessary, the oxygen-containing portion is divided into alcohol, carbonyl, ester, ether, carboxylic acid and the like. These can be fractionated and used appropriately.

The above essential oils used for stored grain pest repellent or mosquito repellent,
Each can be used alone or in combination, but a suitable solvent such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol,
Alcohols such as propylene glycol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran,
For ethers such as dioxane, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, kerosene, paraffin and petroleum benzine, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, esters such as ethyl acetate, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloroethane It can be dissolved and diluted before use.

In another embodiment, for example, it can be used after being adsorbed, mixed or dispersed in a carrier such as diatomaceous earth, alumina, acid clay, wood powder, kaolin, bentonite, activated carbon and the like. It can also be used by impregnating or kneading it with various synthetic resins. Further, if desired, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a suspending agent, a spreading agent, a penetrating agent, a wetting agent, a stabilizer, etc. are added, and an oil agent, an emulsion,
It can be used in dosage forms such as wettable powders, powders, tablets and sprays. Such formulations may contain, for example, 1 to 99% by weight of active ingredient.

In addition, the vetiver oil and / or patchouli oil used in the present invention may be optionally used by blending with other insecticides, sublimation synergists, other repellents, perfumes, bactericides, fungicides and the like. I can.

The stored-grain pest repellent or mosquito repellent of the present invention that can be obtained as described above is, for example, directly sprayed or sprayed on the habitat, hiding place or passage of the stored-pest insect or mosquito,
Alternatively, the stored grain pests or mosquitoes can be escaped from a certain area by a method such as coating, and the feeding damage or blood feeding of these pests can be effectively protected.

(E) Action Regarding the components showing repellent activity in the vetiver oil and / or patchouli oil used as a stored grain pest repellent or a mosquito repellent in the present invention, it is not always clear that these essential oils are stored grain pests. It has been discovered for the first time by the present invention that it has a very strong repellent effect against mosquitoes.

Hereinafter, several embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

(F) Example Example 1. Repellent action against weevil Weevil Weld a hole 5 mm in diameter in the center of a 12 cm x 12 cm glass plate,
A glass cylindrical container having a diameter of 2.5 cm and a height of 3 cm was placed under the hole. In this glass cylinder, 0.1 g of brown rice ether extract and sample vetiver oil (0.1 mg, 0.25 mg and 0.5 mg) were added.
(3 steps of mg) The impregnated one was added.

On this glass plate, 20 adults of adult weevil (male and female) that had been fasted all day and night were released on this glass plate, and two hours later, the number of head worms in the glass cylinder was counted to determine the repellent activity.

As a control, a filter paper impregnated with the brown rice ether extract alone was used.

As the conditions for this biological test, the average value was adopted, which was repeated 5 times in the dark at a temperature of 24 ° C.

The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from the results in Table 1, vetiver oil 0.25
The addition of more than mg showed a remarkable repellent effect against weevils.

Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that patchouli oil was used instead of vetiver oil. The results are shown in Table 2.

As can be seen from the results in Table 2, patchouli oil 0.05
The addition of more than mg showed a remarkable repellent effect against weevils.

Example 3. Vetiver oil and patchouli oil used in Examples 1 and 2 were fractionated into two parts, a hydrocarbon part and an oxygen-containing part, by column chromatography. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the four fraction fractions were used instead of the vetiver oil used in Example 1. The display of the determination result is also the same. The results are shown in Table 3.

As is clear from the results in Table 3, the vetiver oil hydrocarbon part has 0.05 mg or more, the oxygen-containing part has 0.25 mg or more, and the patchouli oil hydrocarbon part has 0.05 mg or more and the oxygen-containing part has 0.05 mg or more. The addition showed a remarkable repellent effect against weevil.

Example 4. Repellent action against adzuki bean weevils Two petri dishes with a diameter of 3 cm were used. 2 ml of ether in one Petri dish
Add a solution of the required amount of sample vetiver oil to, and remove the ether with a dryer while stirring well,
Vetiver oil was evenly applied to the surface of adzuki bean. The other adzuki beans were untreated, and Petri dishes were placed on both left and right ends of a petri dish with a diameter of 15 cm.

Five pairs of unadulterated adzuki bean weevil adults within 24 hours after emergence were released in a petri dish, and the repellent activity was determined every 10 minutes by counting the number of insects on the adzuki bean in the sample group and the control group. The observation was performed 4 times and the total was taken.

The egg-laying suppressive activity was determined from the number of eggs laid on the adzuki bean in the sample group and the control group after the eggs were laid for 24 hours. The test was repeated 3 times and the total number of eggs was adopted.

The conditions of the biological test were a temperature of 26 ° C., a humidity of 60 to 70%, and illumination of 14 hours / day. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

As is clear from the results shown in Tables 4 and 5, the addition of 0.5 mg or more of the vetiver oil of the present invention showed a remarkable repellent effect against adzuki bean weevils and an effect of suppressing spawning.

Example 5 The same procedure as in Example 4 was carried out except that patchouli oil was used in place of the vetiver oil in Example 4. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.

As is clear from the results shown in Tables 6 and 7, the patchouli oil of the present invention had a remarkable repellent effect and egg-laying suppression effect on adzuki bean weevil.

Example 6. Repellent effect against Aedes aegypti Since Aedes aegypti has the most remarkable attracting property due to the temperature gradient, the following repellent test by the hot tube method was performed.

A cage of 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm was prepared, and a metal cylinder having a diameter of 7 cm and a height of 10 cm in which a heating wire was wound in advance so that the temperature could be controlled by a transformer (slidac) was placed therein.

Next, dissolve the required amount of sample (vetiver oil or patchouli oil) in 10 ml of ether, put it in a 100 ml volume of Kolben, and dip it in 10 cm x 22 cm gauze.
The ether was removed with a drier while stirring well and the sample was contained in gauze. The gauze was wrapped around the metal cylinder set at about 35 ° C and placed in the center of the cage.

50 pairs of Aedes aegypti bloodless adult adults 1 to 2 weeks after emergence were placed in this cage, and 5 minutes later, repellent activity was determined from the number of mosquitoes on gauze. A similar test was performed using untreated gauze as a control.

The conditions of the biological test were that the temperature was 24 ° C., the humidity was 60 to 70%, and the lighting was performed, and the average value of three repeated tests was adopted.
Since Aedes aegypti have a property that activity becomes dull from 1 to 2 hours before sunset, this biological test was performed only during the daytime.

The results are shown in Tables 8, 9, and 10.

As is clear from the results of Tables 8, 9 and 10,
The vetiver oil or patchouli oil of the present invention, when used alone or in combination in the above-mentioned test, is about 0.
The addition of 5 mg showed a strong repellent effect on Aedes aegypti.

(G) Effect of the Invention The pest repellent of the present invention is an extremely safe vetiver oil and / or patchouli oil that has been used as a natural flavoring substance since ancient times, and is extremely prominent against stored-grain pests and mosquitoes. It is a pest repellent that exhibits various repellent effects.

Therefore, by eliminating the anxiety of harmfulness to humans and animals associated with this type of repellent, rice pests and beans or the environment in which they are stored, and a highly safe pest that does not cause any anxiety by directly contacting the human body Providing a repellent is extremely significant.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A stored-grain pest repellent comprising vetiver oil and / or patchouli oil as an active ingredient. 2. A mosquito repellent containing vetiver oil and / or patchouli oil as an active ingredient.