JPS6319864A - Composite functional circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a circuit highly integrated and accelerated as well as an element size ultrafine at a biomolecular level by a method wherein a part or whole of a biological material constituting electric elements is made of electron transferring material constituting a plurality of electric elements. CONSTITUTION:A switch element (Swx) provided with the function of switch element is composed of the first-the third proteins 1-3, while another switch element Y (Swy) is composed of the second-the fourth proteins 2-4. When the terminals A, C are impressed with voltage V to boost the redox potential Ec1, Ec21, Ec22, Ec3 of respective activity centers of the third protein 3 respectively in the minus direction to be Ec1, Ec22, Ec21, Ec3, the electrons can flow from the terminal C to the terminal A through the activity centers c3, c21, b1, b2, a as shown by solid line arrows. Likewise, with the switch element X turned on, the electrons can simultaneously flow from the terminal B to the terminal D through the activity centers b3, b1, c22, c1, d as shown by chain line arrows.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a complex functional circuit of a bioelectric element circuit constructed using biomaterials.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, rectifying elements used in integrated circuits have had an MO3 structure as shown in FIG.

In the figure, 11 is a p-type silicon substrate, 12 is an n-shade region, 13 is a p-shade region, 14 is an n-bulge region, 15 is a 5iOz film, 16.17 is an electrode, and these two double positives 16,1
p-n junction between 7 (p shadow area 13 - n shadow area 14 junction)
is formed, thereby realizing rectifying characteristics.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Since the conventional MO3 structure rectifier is configured as described above, it can be microfabricated, and currently there are 256 LSIs using rectifiers with the above structure or transistor elements with similar structures. Bit LSI has been put into practical use.

Incidentally, in order to increase the memory capacity and operation speed of integrated circuits, it is essential to miniaturize the elements themselves, but Si
In devices using ultra-fine patterns of about 0.2 μm, the mean free path of electrons becomes almost equal to the device size, which has the limitation that independence of the devices cannot be maintained.

In this way, silicon technology, which continues to develop day by day, is expected to eventually hit a wall in terms of miniaturization, and an electric circuit element based on a new principle is capable of breaking the 0.2 μm barrier. something is wanted.

Under these circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have developed a rectifier that uses electron transport proteins existing in living organisms and utilizes the difference in redox potential to exhibit rectifying characteristics similar to those of p-n junctions using p- and n-type semiconductors. element.

Furthermore, we developed a p-n-p junction transistor and a transistor device exhibiting the transistor characteristics described above, and used these to obtain a bioelectric device circuit made of protein.

This allows the device size to be ultra-fine at the level of biomolecules, making it possible to achieve higher density and higher speed circuits.

By the way, it is thought that even in such a bioelectrical element circuit, if a complex functional circuit such as I"L can be constructed, the density can be increased as in the case of a semiconductor circuit.

[Means for solving problems]

The composite functional circuit according to the present invention is a bioelectrical element circuit constructed using a biomaterial capable of electron transfer, in which a part or all of the material constituting the electric element is a material constituting a plurality of bioelectrical elements. It consists of a functioning complex functional circuit.

[Effect]

In this invention, since the composite functional circuit is constructed in the bioelectrical element circuit, it is possible to obtain an ultra-fine composite functional circuit at the level of biomolecules, and to achieve even higher density of the circuit.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Before explaining the present invention, first, a switch element already developed by the present inventors will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 4(a), the switch element developed by the present inventors has, for example, a flavotoxin molecule 1, which is also an electron transfer protein, on both sides of a cytochrome C molecule 2, which is an electron transfer protein capable of transferring electrons. The electrodes 4c, 4d, and 4e are connected to each other by adhesive bonding.

In this element, the redox potential state when no voltage is applied to each electrode 4c, 4d, and 4e is the state α shown in FIG. 4(b).
When a negative voltage v2 is applied to, or the voltage V,
In addition to the electric power Pi! for the electrode 4e! The redox potential states when negative voltage ■1 is applied to 4d are shown in Figure 4 (
β of b) becomes the state of T. And α.

In the β state, no current flows between the electrodes 4c and 4e, and in the γ state, current flows. Therefore, the electrode 4c.

With voltage 2 applied between electrode 4e and electrode 4d.

By turning on and off the voltage (1) between 4e and 4e, this element can be given switching characteristics and can be configured as a switching element.

Furthermore, by adhesively bonding the flavotoxin 1 and the cytochrome C2, a rectifying element exhibiting rectifying characteristics can be constructed based on the same principle as described above.

Further, the actual configuration of the above-mentioned switch element is as shown in FIG.

That is, in FIG. 6, 86 is a substrate having insulating properties;
7 is a metal electrode such as Ag, Au, A1, etc., and a plurality of strips are formed in parallel on the substrate 86.

Reference numeral 88 denotes a first electron transfer protein film made of flavotoxin, which is formed on the substrate 86 by the LB method or the like, and is formed on the plurality of electrodes 87 described above. 90 is a plurality of parallel electrodes formed in a direction perpendicular to the plurality of parallel electrodes 87,
It is formed on the first electron transfer protein membrane 88. 8
Reference numeral 9 denotes a second electron transfer protein film made of cytochrome C prepared by the same <LB method, etc., which is cumulatively adhesively bonded to the first electron transfer protein film 88 and bonded to the electrode 90. Reference numeral 91 denotes a third electron transfer protein film made of flavotoxin prepared by the same <LB method, etc., which is cumulatively adhesively bonded to the second electron transfer protein film 89. A plurality of parallel electrodes 92 are formed perpendicularly to the plurality of parallel electrodes 90, and are formed on the third electron transfer protein membrane 91.

FIG. 1 (Al is a cross-sectional side view showing an RL circuit which is a complex functional circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, first appearance) shows such a circuit. This example attempts to construct an I"L circuit equivalent to the I2L circuit constructed by the Si process shown in FIG. 3 using the electron transfer protein that constitutes the switch element. .3.4 are the first, second, third and fourth protein molecules, a, b,
, b2. b.

CI + C21+ C22, C, d are active centers of each protein, A, B, C, D are each protein 1.2, 3.4
This is the terminal connected to. And the first. Second. The switch element X (Swx) having the function of the above-mentioned switch element is formed by the third proteins 1, 2.3. The fourth protein 2, 3.4 constitutes a switch element Y (Swy). In this embodiment, the second. Third protein 2
．． 3 uses a device having a plurality of active centers with different redox potentials in order to function for both the above-mentioned switch elements X and Y.

Next, how to orient the proteins of this example when adhesively bonding them will be explained.

The first protein 1 has one active center a, and the second protein 2 has three
active centers, b2. b, the third protein 3 has four active centers C+ + C211C22, C3, and the fourth
Protein 4 each has one active center d, and the relationship between the redox potentials of these active centers is Ebi < Eb+ < Ebz < Ex.

E4　　Eb+　＞　Ec+　　Ecz□　.

Ea < Ea3 < Ea21 < Eczz < E
It is c+. In addition, the third protein 3 has an active center c
It has two electron transfer paths: from 3 to CZ+ and from c2□ to cl. When these proteins are adhesively bonded, the first protein 1 and the second protein 2 are oriented and adhesively bonded so that electrons can be exchanged between the active centers a and b2, and the second protein 2 and the third protein are bonded together. 3 are oriented and adhesively bonded so that electrons can be exchanged between their active centers b1 and C21+co, and the third protein 3 and fourth protein 4 are bonded with electrons between their active centers C and d. They are oriented and adhesively bonded so that they can be given and received. Also, terminals A, B, C
, D are the terminal and the active center a of each protein 1.2, 3.4.

b,,c3. It is connected to each protein so that electrons can be exchanged with d.

In the circuit of this embodiment having such a configuration, the terminals A,
When no voltage is applied between terminals A and C, the redox potential state is as shown by the solid line in FIG.
No current flows between terminals C and between terminals B and D, and switch elements X and Y are in an off state. On the other hand, terminal A,
A voltage V is applied between C and the redox potential of each active center of the third protein 3 Ec++ Ect+ + Eczz
+ Make each EC3 thicker in the negative direction, ECI°+
EC2Z' + ECZI' + EC
3゛, as shown by the solid line arrow in Figure 2, from the terminal C to the active center c, + 21 + bl + "2
* "It becomes possible for electrons to flow to terminal A, turning on switch element
Electrons can flow to the terminals through 2□, c, and d, and the switch element Y is turned on. Therefore, by turning on and off the application of the voltage (1), both switches X and Y can be turned on and off to operate the I2L circuit.

In this way, in the present invention, it is possible to construct an I''L circuit, that is, a complex functional circuit, using protein molecules in a bioelectrical device circuit, and it is possible to construct an ultra-fine, high-density, and high-speed bioelectrical circuit using protein molecules. An element circuit can be obtained.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the I2L circuit, and that any complex function circuit can be constructed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in a bioelectrical element circuit, a part or all of the biomaterial constituting the electric element constitutes a composite functional circuit in which the biomaterial that constitutes the electric element functions as an electron-transferable material constituting a plurality of electric elements. Therefore, it is possible to further increase the density of bioelectric element circuits that are made of molecular-level biomaterials and can be increased in density and speed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1(a) is a schematic cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a composite function circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 (tel is an equivalent circuit diagram of the composite function circuit); FIG. Diagram showing the redox potential state of each active center of the circuit, Figure 3 (a)
is a cross-sectional view showing a normal I''L circuit constructed by the Si process, FIG. 3(b) is its equivalent circuit diagram, and FIG. 4(a)
) is a schematic diagram showing the switch element developed by the present inventors,
Figure 4(b) is a diagram showing the redosokusumi position, Figure 5
The figure is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a rectifying element with a conventional MO3 configuration.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a device incorporating a switch element developed by the present inventors. In the figure, 1 is the first protein molecule, 2 is the second protein molecule, 3 is the third protein molecule, 4 is the fourth protein molecule, a+
bI r b2 + b3 + CI, CZl
+C22°c,,d are active centers. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A circuit consisting of a bioelectrical element constructed using a biological material capable of electron transfer or a pseudo-biological material, in which some or all of the above-mentioned material capable of electron transfer constituting a certain bioelectrical element A composite functional circuit characterized by being a material constituting a bioelectric device.