JPS6316758B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic music performance device characterized by a method for inputting note lengths and rest lengths.

Separate notes in musical scores into scales and note lengths, enter and specify the scale using the keyboard, enter and specify the note length and rest length, and input and specify the note length using the note keys.
Regarding rests, an automatic performance device has been developed that inputs a musical score consisting of notes and rests by inputting and specifying a rest symbol using a rest key and inputting and specifying a rest length using the note key. . This type of automatic performance device does not require any performance techniques and can input musical scores. If the minimum note length is a 32nd note, there are 32 possible note lengths up to a whole note. Some songs often require a note length longer than a whole note. Furthermore, if triplets, quintuplets, etc. are included, the number of types of note lengths that must be input into an automatic performance device becomes extremely large. is configured, and there was a note with a note length that could not be input.

In view of this, the present invention provides a limited type of note key and an arithmetic key for instructing addition/subtraction of the note length input using the note key. To provide a highly practical automatic performance device in which note lengths can be input and specified for a large number of types using note keys.

The present invention will be described below based on embodiments and with drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the automatic performance device of the present invention.
In the figure, 100 is a contact type keyboard and a group of switches (hereinafter simply referred to as input switches) that control input operations, and an I/O of a microcomputer system (hereinafter simply referred to as computer) 30.
It is connected to the O port 34. This computer 30 stores the music information of the musical score given by the input switch 100 as numerical information in its data storage element RAM 33, processes the data stored in the RAM 33 with the CPU 31, and drives the audio signal synthesis circuit 70. It is controlled by a program stored in the storage circuit ROM 32 so as to provide control signals to the memory circuit ROM 32.

Reference numeral 20 is a reference time generation circuit, which transmits information on the reference time of the tempo to the computer 30 when performing an automatic performance.
give to Reference numeral 40 denotes a rectangular wave oscillation circuit that generates clock pulses for the audio signal synthesis circuit, and in this embodiment, it consists of an oscillation circuit with a frequency of about 16 MHz. 50 is the output of the oscillation circuit 40 [T ₀ ]
It is a frequency divider circuit that divides the frequency of the output [T ₁ , T ₂ ~
T ₇ ] are sequentially divided by two into 8 MHz and 4 MHz to 125 KHz, respectively, and input to the switching circuit 71. The switching circuit 71 connects the computer 30 to
Depending on the four control signals [AB ₃ , AB ₂ , AB ₁ , AB ₀ ] output to the O port 34, one of [T ₀ to T ₇ ] is selected as the output [Y ₁ ], or none of them are output. It functions to control the Switching occurs when the binary number [AB ₃ , AB _{2 ,} AB ₁ , AB ₀ ] configured with the least significant bit [AB ₀ ] and the most significant bit [AB 3 ] is (0, 0, 0, 0). [T ₀ ] is output to the output [Y ₁ ] of the circuit 71, and (0, 0, 0,
1), [T ₁ ], (0, 0, 1, 0), [T ₂ ], and (0, 1, 1, 1), [T ₇ ] are output. When [AB ₃ = 1], that is, (1, X,
X), none of [Y ₁ ] is output. however,
At this time, X may be either 1 or 0. Therefore, the switching circuit 71 is controlled by the control signals [AB ₃ , AB ₂ , AB ₁ , AB ₀ ] from the computer 30, and the switching circuit 71 is controlled by the control signals [AB 3 , AB 2 , AB 1 , AB 0 ] from the computer 30. (expressed as a range) or a rest. That is, 2 of [AB ₃ , AB ₂ , AB ₁ , AB ₀ ]
When the base number is (0, 0, 0, 0), it is the range that produces the highest frequency, and when it is (0, 0, 0, 1), it is the range one octave below, and (0, 0, 1,
0), the range is one octave lower, and so on, each time the binary number formed by [AB ₃ , AB ₂ , AB ₁ , AB ₀ ] increases by one, the range becomes one octave lower. When AB ₃ =1, a rest can be expressed because the clock to be divided by two is not output to the frequency setting circuit 72 that will be connected later. This frequency setting circuit 72 determines the frequency ratio of the scale within one octave by dividing the output [Y ₁ ] of the switching circuit 71 by 508 to 269 according to the input information from the computer 30, and then outputs the frequency division [ Y ₂ ] to the musical instrument sound control circuit 73. Since the output [Y ₂ ] of the frequency setting circuit 72 is a rectangular wave, this musical instrument sound control circuit 73 converts it into a 16-step staircase wave, limits the harmonic components through a low-pass filter, and at the same time changes the timbre of the target musical sound. to get it,
Mix harmonic components and perform amplitude modulation using the envelope waveform (ADSR) of the instrument sound. The output _Y3 of the musical instrument sound control circuit 73 is current amplified by the amplifier 80, and drives the speaker 90 for automatic performance.

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram showing the mechanism of the input switch 100 of the device of the present invention. In the figure, 110 is a keyboard, and when each white key and black key is pressed, each contact closes and the corresponding numerical value is input into the computer 30. 120 is a numerical key, 130 is a note key that specifies note length and rest length, 140 is a calculation key that commands note length calculation, 150 is a rest key that specifies a rest, and rest length is a note key. Input is specified using the key 130. 160 is an operation key for specifying an operation.

The operations and operations of this embodiment will be sequentially explained below. First, the procedure for inputting musical scores will be explained. Among the operation keys 160 shown in FIG.
Press the "Enter" key. The pressed input key is given to the computer 30 as numerical information, and the computer 30 uses this numerical information (i.e., the designation of "input") to determine whether to press the key from now on according to the program stored in the ROM 32. The input music information is then stored in the storage element RAM 33 as a corresponding numerical code. FIG. 3 shows a part of the musical score for "Scarborough Air," and the input of this musical score will be explained below as an example. To input the note 301 in FIG. 3, press the note length of the note, that is, press the half note key [ⓓ] of the note keys 130 in FIG. The pressed key is provided to the computer 30 as a corresponding numerical code.

In this embodiment, the numerical value corresponding to the note length of the whole note "〓" is 96. Therefore, the 32nd note “〓” is 3,
The 16th note "〓" is 6, the quarter note "♪" is 24, the 32nd note triplet "〓〓" is 2, the 16th note triplet "〓〓" is 4, and so on. , a numerical value corresponding to the time relationship of each note length is determined.

In this case, the computer 30 outputs a half note "〓".
A numerical value corresponding to is stored in a certain area (hereinafter referred to as a musical note symbol area) of the storage element RAM 33.

Next, to input the scale of note 301 in Figure 3,
When the _E3 key on the keyboard 110 is pressed, numerical information corresponding to the pressed key is given to the computer 30, and the numerical code corresponding to the scale and the numerical value corresponding to the note length stored in the note storage area are given to the computer 30. is stored in the storage element RAM33. When the quarter note "♪" key on the note key 130 and the E ₃ key on the keyboard 110 are pressed, the note 302 is stored in the memory element in the same way.
The note 301 in the RAM 30 is stored in the area at the next address. Similarly, notes 303-3
You can enter 05. The note length of the note 306 is a dotted quarter note, and there is no key in the note keys 130 that directly indicates this. In this example, the number corresponding to the note length of a dotted quarter note is 36, which is the number 12 corresponding to the note length of an eighth note.
and the number 24, which corresponds to the note length of a quarter note. A dotted quarter note is (a) 3 of the note length of an eighth note.
It can also be expressed as double, (b) the note length of the sum of the note lengths of an eighth note and a quarter note, and (c) the note length obtained by subtracting the note length of an eighth note from the note length of a half note. These etc.
For each input method of (a), (b), and (c), use the calculation key 140.
A method of inputting the note 306 using the note key 130 will be explained.

(a) Press the eighth note "〓" key on the note key 130. As mentioned above, the numerical value 12 corresponding to the eighth note is stored in the note storage area. Next, the "+" key of the calculation key 140 is pressed. When the "+" key is pressed, the computer 30 adds the numerical value stored in the note storage area and the numerical value corresponding to the note length of the next pressed note key, and adds the added sum to the note storage area. to be memorized. Therefore, next time the eighth note "〓" key of the note key 130 is pressed, the note storage area will contain the following information:
The number 24 is memorized. Next, when the "+" key is pressed again and the eighth note key is pressed, the numerical value 36 corresponding to a dotted quarter note is stored in the note storage area. Next, by pressing the #F ₃ key on the keyboard 110, the note 306 is stored in the memory element RAM.
33.

(b) Eighth note “〓” key of the musical note key 130, “+” key of the calculation key 140, musical note key 130
When the quarter note "♪" keys are pressed one after another, (A)
As in the case of , the numerical value 36 for a dotted quarter note is stored in the note storage area. Then keyboard 1
By pressing #F ₃ key of 10, note 3
06 is input.

(c) When the half note "〓" key of the note key 130 is pressed, a numerical value 48 corresponding to the note length is stored in the note storage area. Next, when the "-" key of the calculation keys 140 is pressed, the computer 30 subtracts the number corresponding to the note length of the next note key pressed from the number stored in the note storage area, and the remainder of the subtraction is used as the note length. Store in storage area. Therefore, when the eighth note "〓" key of the note key 130 is pressed next, the number 12 corresponding to the note length of the eighth note is subtracted from the number 48 corresponding to the note length of the half note. The remainder, the numerical value 36, is stored in the note storage area. Next, by pressing the #F ₃ key on the keyboard 110, a musical note 306 is input.

In any of the methods (a), (b), and (c) mentioned above, note 3
You can input 06. Also, since notes 309 and 310 are connected with a tie, in this case the note length is the sum of the note lengths of both notes, so the key of the dotted half note "〓.", and the key of "+" key, mark 2
The length of the note can be input by pressing keys in sequence, such as the key for the diacritic note "〓.".

When the musical score input is completed, the completion key of the operation keys 160 is pressed to complete the input operation.

Next, when the "Performance" key of the operation keys 160 is pressed, the computer 30 outputs the scale stored in the memory circuit RAM 33 and numerical information corresponding to the note length according to the tempo clock provided by the reference time generation circuit 20. , and control the audio signal synthesis circuit 70 to perform automatic musical performance.

As described above in the embodiments, the present invention adds or subtracts note lengths using the note key 130 and the calculation keys that command addition/subtraction of note lengths.
To provide a highly practical automatic performance device capable of inputting many types of note lengths using note keys for fewer types of notes.

In addition, in the embodiment described above, the musical note storage area is a fixed area of the storage element RAM 33, but
The present invention can be configured in exactly the same way as a general-purpose register of the CPU 31 or as a storage element such as a flip-flop separately provided outside.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram showing the configuration of the input switch in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a musical notation diagram showing an example of a music score, where 100 is an input switch, 30 is a microcomputer, and 70 is an audio signal synthesis circuit. , 110 is a keyboard, 130 is a note key, 140 is a calculation key, 1
Reference numeral 60 indicates operation keys.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A scale input means for specifying the scale of the note, a note length input means for specifying the note length of the note, an addition/subtraction specification input means for specifying the addition (subtraction) operation of the note, and input wires connected to these input means, a storage circuit that stores music information inputted from the input means as a numerical code; and an audio signal generation circuit that generates a music signal to automatically perform music based on the music information stored in the storage circuit. a data calculation processing means for controlling the acoustic signal generation circuit, and when an input designation is made by the addition/subtraction designation input means, a numerical value corresponding to a plurality of note lengths input and designated by the note length input means; An automatic performance device characterized by adding (subtracting) , and storing the corresponding numerical code in the storage circuit by using the sum (difference) of the addition (subtraction) as a note length.