JPS6283019A - Dust collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively remove fine particles of as small as less than 0.1mum, by sequentially arranging a first dust-collecting means, an ionizing means, a dust particle enlarging means, and a second dust-collecting means in a case. CONSTITUTION:Dust particles larger than 0.1mum in the air introduced through an air inlet port 1a are collected by a first dust-collecting means 3 comprising a filter, electrostatic precipitator, or the like. Dust particles passing through it are ionized by an ionizing means 4, and introduced into a dust enlarging means 5. In the dust enlarging means 5 steam is overcooled and oversaturated since the steam is sprayed from nozzles 513, and cooled water is sprayed from nozzles 523. When dust particles are introduced into the enlarging means 5 in such a condition, water molecules adhere to the dust particles to form fine water drops. The fine water drops are collected and removed by a second dust-collecting means 7 comprising an eliminator 6 and a wet-type electrostatic precipitator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a dust collector that removes dust, metal ions, etc. from the air.

(Prior Art) In fields such as the electronic industry, mechanical industry, and chemical industry, dust collectors are used to remove fine particles such as dust and metal ions from indoor air.

Conventionally, this dust collector uses a filter (usually a particle size of 0
．． A so-called HEPA filter (17zm, which has a particle capture rate of 99.9995%) is generally used to trap dust, metal ions, etc. in the air by allowing air to pass through the filter.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in recent years, among the fine particles in the air, particle sizes of 0.
There is a demand for a dust collector capable of removing particles of lpm or less, and it has been difficult to capture fine particles with a particle diameter of 0.1 #Lm or less with the dust collector using the filter described above.

(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a dust collector that can effectively capture even fine particles of 0.1 gm or less.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, there is provided a case including an air inlet and an air outlet, a first dust collecting means disposed in the case, and a first dust collecting means arranged in the case. Ionization means arranged at a later stage to ionize dust particles in the air, dust particle increasing means arranged at a later stage of the ionizing means, and second dust collecting means arranged at a rear stage of the dust particle increasing means. A dust collector is provided having means.

(Function) In the air introduced from the air inlet of the case, large-sized dust particles are captured by the first dust collecting means. The minute dust particles that have passed through the first dust collecting means are ionized by the ionization means, and when passing through the dust particle increasing means, water molecules are bonded around them to form minute water droplets. By capturing microscopic water droplets with the dust particles as condensation nuclei by the second dust collection means, dust particles as small as one particle size can be effectively removed.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on illustrated examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a dust collector according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the case of the dust collector;
It has an air port 1a and an air outlet 1b. Reference numeral 2 denotes a blower disposed at the air inlet 11, which introduces indoor air into the case l.

3 is a first dust collecting means arranged after the blower 2;
Dust collector or electric collector with filter! Consists of 1 aircraft, etc. Reference numeral 4 denotes an ionization means that is disposed after the first dust collection means 3 and ionizes minute dust particles contained in the air that has passed through the first dust collection means 3. Explain in detail. In the same area, 4a is an electrode made of, for example, a tungsten wire, and is powered by a power source of 9K, for example, from a power source 4C.
A high voltage of V is applied to generate an unequal electric field with the ground pole 46. When air passes between the discharge electrode 4a and the earth electrode 4b (in the direction of arrow B), the dust particles themselves are charged (-) or neutral (+). Note that dust particles that are already (+) charged increase the amount of charge.

It goes without saying that a negative (-) high voltage may be applied to the discharge electrode 4a of the ionization means 4, and in this case, the dust particles in the air are charged (-).

By disposing a heating means upstream of the ionization means 4 to heat the introduced air, the ionization means 4 can effectively ionize the particles in the air.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a dust particle increasing means disposed after the ionization means 4, including a water vapor supply means 51 for supplying water vapor into the case 1, and a cooling water spraying means for spraying cooling water as a cooling means for cooling the inside of the case 1. It consists of means 52. The steam supply means 51 includes a steam generator 511 that generates water steam, a pipe 512 that guides the steam generated by the steam generator 511 into the case l, and a spray nozzle 513 attached to the tip of the vibrator 512. It consists of Note that various types of water vapor generation device J511 can be considered, such as a device in which an electric heater is installed in a water tank, a device that generates water vapor by ultrasonic vibration, an infrared steam generation device, etc. . The cooling water distribution means includes a refrigerator 52 that cools water to, for example, about 3°C.
1 and the water cooled by the refrigerator 521 in case 1.
It consists of a pipe 522 that leads inside, and a spray nozzle 523 attached to the tip of the vibrator 522. In addition,
As a cooling means, instead of the cooling water distribution means 52, a cooling coil using a refrigeration device may be disposed inside the case 1.

Reference numeral 6 denotes an eliminator for draining water disposed downstream of the dust particle increasing means 5, and is composed of a metal mesh filter or the like.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a second dust collecting means disposed after the eliminator 6, and is constituted by, for example, a wet electrostatic precipitator having wet parallel electrodes.

Note that 8 in the figure is an air conditioner connected to the air outlet ib of the case 1 as necessary.

The dust collector according to this embodiment is constructed as follows, and its operation will be explained below.

When the blower 2 operates, indoor air is introduced from the air inlet 1a of the case l, and the first dust collecting means 3 captures dust particles with a large particle size of, for example, 0.14 m or more contained in the air. be done. The minute dust particles that have passed through the first dust collection means 3 are ionized by the ionization means 4,
The dust particles are introduced into the dust particle increasing means 5. The dust particle increasing means 5
The steam generated by the steam generating means 511 in the case 1 passes through the pipe 512 and is sprayed from the spray nozzle 512, and the wood cooled by the refrigerator 521 passes through the pipe 522 and is sprayed from the spray nozzle 5.
Since the water vapor is sprayed from 23, the water vapor is in a supercooled and supersaturated state. In this way, when ionized dust particles in the air are introduced into the dust particle increasing means 5 where the water vapor is supercooled and supersaturated, water molecules adhere to the particles in the air. As a result, the particles become microscopic water droplets with condensation nuclei. That is, the molecules of water vapor (H20) are hydrogen D
; [Although it is composed of 2 atoms and 1 oxygen atom,
It is polarized as shown in Figure 3.

The distance between the two poles of the H20 molecule is much larger than that of other molecules, and in a liquid, the H2020 molecule is strongly attracted to each other by hydrogen bonding force, as shown in Figure 4.

The H20 molecules in the dust particle increasing means 5 are as shown in FIG.
As shown in b) and (c), Fig. 5 (a) shows the polarized particles A in the air. Around H20
Figure 5(b) shows a state in which the molecules combine to form a slightly larger positive particle as a whole, with H20 molecules bonding around a negatively charged particle A, resulting in a slightly larger negative particle as a whole. Indicates the state of being. In addition, Fig. 5 (C
) shows a state in which H20 molecules bond around fine particles A polarized to 10 and -, forming a polarized fine particle that is one size larger as a whole.In this way, fine particles in the air absorb water vapor (H20 molecules) and grow into microscopic water droplets. Since these minute water droplets exist in supercooled and supersaturated air, they do not re-evaporate and grow as fine particles as condensation nuclei, increasing their surface area, which further promotes the binding force of H20 molecules, resulting in even larger minute droplets. Grows into a droplet. Then, these minute water droplets collide with the cold water droplets sprayed from the spray nozzle 523 and are captured, or they are attracted and captured by the heat suction force due to the temperature difference between the minute water droplets and the cold water droplets, or the coulomb of the minute water droplets and the cold water droplets is captured. Bonding occurs due to force and becomes an even larger water droplet.

In this way, the water vapor in the air uses fine particles as condensation nuclei to form minute water droplets, and the particle size is 1/1 of that of the fine particles.
It has been confirmed that the increase is more than 0 times. Therefore, for example, even dust particles of about 0.01 gm can be turned into minute water droplets of 0.1 #Lm or more, which is a particle size that can be sufficiently separated by conventional dust collection methods.

As described above, the minute water droplets generated as dust particles as condensation nuclei are separated by the eliminator 6, and the minute water droplets that are not separated by the eliminator 6 are collected by the second dust collection means 7 constituted by a wet electrostatic precipitator. , and is captured by Coulomb force.

According to experiments, the wet type f-row city electrode dust collector can capture ionized 0 and OIILm dust particles with an efficiency of 99.999%, so the wet type f-row electrode bundle 1! When using Il1 machine, 0.001#i.

It becomes possible to capture dust particles of m or more.

The air from which fine particles such as dust contained in the air have been removed in this manner is introduced into the air conditioner 8 through the air outlet lb of the case 1, where the temperature is adjusted and the air is discharged into the room.

In addition, according to the above embodiment, since a wet electrostatic precipitator is used as the second dust collection means, the dust collection ability of the electrostatic precipitator is limited because the electrical resistance value of dust particles serving as a load changes depending on the atmosphere, etc. The problem of +Ir scattering due to the decrease can also be solved, and the dust collection rate can be stabilized. Further, according to the embodiment, the dust particle increasing means 5 supercools water vapor,
By creating a supersaturated state and generating minute water droplets with dust particles as condensation nuclei, these minute water droplets are captured by the second dust collection means, so that ions, which are the cause of space charges that are a problem in clean rooms, etc. In addition, the space charge can be reduced in aquatic plants.

Hereinafter, the present invention has been explained based on the illustrated embodiments, but
The present invention is not limited to only those shown in the examples, but various modifications are possible within the scope of the spirit of the present invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail below, the present invention includes a case provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a first dust collection means disposed in the case, and a first dust collection means. an ionizing means arranged after the means to ionize dust particles in the air; a dust particle increasing means arranged after the ionizing means; and a second dust particle increasing means arranged after the dust particle increasing means. Since the first dust collecting means captures dust particles with a large particle size, the fine dust particles that have passed through the first dust collecting means are ionized by the ionization means, and then the dust particles are collected. Since the particle size is increased by the particle enlarging means and captured by the second dust collecting means, it is possible to reliably capture dust particles of 0.01 gm or less, which were difficult to capture with conventional dust collecting devices. can.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the dust collector according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the ionization stage used in the apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 3 shows the shape of water molecules. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of attraction between water molecules, y-island, Figure 5
Figures (a), (b). (c) is an explanatory diagram showing the bonding state between fine particles and water molecules. ■...Case, 2...Blower, 3...First dust collection means, 4...Ionization means, 5...Dust particle increasing means, 51...Water method air supply means, 52 ...Cooling water spraying means, 7...Second dust collection means.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A case equipped with an air inlet and an outlet, a first dust collection means disposed within the case, and a case disposed downstream of the first dust collection means to ionize dust particles in the air. A dust collector comprising ionization means, dust particle increasing means disposed downstream of the ionization means, and second dust collecting means disposed subsequent to the dust particle increasing means. (2) The dust collector according to claim (1), wherein the dust particle increasing means comprises a water vapor supply means and a cooling means. (3) The dust collector according to claim (2), wherein the cooling means comprises a cooling water spraying means. (4) The dust collector according to claim (1), wherein the second dust collector comprises a wet electrostatic precipitator.