JPS6251718A - Auxiliary chamber structure of engine - Google Patents

Auxiliary chamber structure of engine

Info

Publication number
JPS6251718A
JPS6251718A JP60192959A JP19295985A JPS6251718A JP S6251718 A JPS6251718 A JP S6251718A JP 60192959 A JP60192959 A JP 60192959A JP 19295985 A JP19295985 A JP 19295985A JP S6251718 A JPS6251718 A JP S6251718A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ceramic member
wall
auxiliary chamber
space
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP60192959A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0610414B2 (en
Inventor
Akinori Wakasa
若狭　章則
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mazda Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Mazda Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mazda Motor Corp filed Critical Mazda Motor Corp
Priority to JP60192959A priority Critical patent/JPH0610414B2/en
Publication of JPS6251718A publication Critical patent/JPS6251718A/en
Publication of JPH0610414B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0610414B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B2019/006—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent breakage of a ceramic member due to a rapid temperature gradient and a difference in wall thickness, by a method wherein a space part is formed in a ceramic member forming an auxiliary chamber, and the wall thicknesses of the inner and the outer wall part of the ceramic member forming the space pat are uniformized. CONSTITUTION:An auxiliary chamber 2 positioned in a cylinder head 1 of a diesel engine is formed in a ceramic member 3, and an injection nozzle 6 is obliquely formed in a direction extending from the central part of the bottom of the auxiliary chamber 2 toward a main combustion chamber 5 in a cylinder 4. In this structure, a space part 13 is formed in the ceramic member 3 so as to surround the whole periphery of the auxiliary chamber 2. The wall thicknesses of inner and outer wall parts 14 and 15 of the ceramic member 3 forming the space part 13 are set to an approximately uniform value through out the whole periphery surrounding the auxiliary chamber 2. This enables improvement of a heat insulating effect and reduction of a rapid temperature gradient between the inner and outer surfaces of the auxiliary chamber 2 by means of the space part 13. Further, the wall thickness set to an uniform value enables provision of a uniform thermal expansion amount.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、エンジンの副室構造に関し、特に副室をセラ
ミック材料で構成した場合の構造に関するＯ （従来技術） エンジン副燃焼室をセラミックで構成することは、従来
から知られている。セラミック材料は耐熱性に優れてい
るので、この点副室の構成材料として好適であるが、一
方熱伝導率及び熱膨張率が低いとともに、もろく、特に
、引張応力に極めて弱いという金属材料とは異なる性質
を有する。このため、これらのセラミック材料の特有の
性質に起因して生じる問題を解消する種々の提案がなさ
れている０例えば、実開昭５８−１７５１１８号には、
副室を形成するセラミック材料を金属スリーブに収容し
て、外側から覆うとともに、これによって、セラミック
材料を金属スリーブで担持させるようにした副室構造が
開示されている。そして、金属スリーブは、シリンダヘ
ッドに形成すれた凹部に収容されるようになっていると
ともに、上部及び下部において該凹部の内壁に圧接して
シリンダヘッドに固定されている。さらに、金属スリー
ブの外周の中間部には、凹部内壁との間に断熱空間を形
成するための溝が形成されている。この開示された構造
は、副室を構成するセラミック材料の外周に金属スリー
ブを配置することによっテ、セラミック材料を保護する
とともに、該スリーブ外周に断熱空間を形成し、金属材
料が熱の良導体であるという性質を利用して、セラミッ
ク材料が熱伝導率が低いことに起因して生じるセラミッ
ク副室ｍ造の内外面の間の９檄な温度勾配をなくシ、熱
応力を緩和して、セラミックの割れの発生を防止するこ
とを意図したものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to the structure of the sub-chamber of an engine, and particularly relates to the structure when the sub-chamber is made of ceramic material. Configuring is known in the art. Ceramic materials have excellent heat resistance, so they are suitable as constituent materials for the auxiliary chamber.On the other hand, metal materials have low thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion, are brittle, and are extremely susceptible to tensile stress. have different properties. For this reason, various proposals have been made to solve the problems caused by the unique properties of these ceramic materials.
A sub-chamber structure is disclosed in which a ceramic material forming the sub-chamber is housed in a metal sleeve and covered from the outside, thereby causing the ceramic material to be supported by the metal sleeve. The metal sleeve is accommodated in a recess formed in the cylinder head, and is fixed to the cylinder head by pressing against the inner wall of the recess at its upper and lower parts. Further, a groove is formed in the intermediate portion of the outer periphery of the metal sleeve to form a heat insulating space between the metal sleeve and the inner wall of the recess. This disclosed structure protects the ceramic material by arranging the metal sleeve around the outer periphery of the ceramic material constituting the subchamber, and forms a heat insulating space around the sleeve, making the metal material a good conductor of heat. Utilizing this property, the temperature gradient between the inner and outer surfaces of the ceramic subchamber structure, which occurs due to the low thermal conductivity of the ceramic material, can be eliminated, and thermal stress can be alleviated. It is intended to prevent the occurrence of cracks in ceramics.

しかしながら、上記のものは急激な温度勾配をなくシ、
熱応力を緩和できるものの、副室の形状上、どうしても
セラミック部材に肉厚の違う箇所が形成されるため、そ
の肉厚の違う箇所での熱膨張量が各々違い、その熱膨張
量の違いによりセラミック部材に割れが生じるという問
題があり、この問題は上記のものにおいても解決できず
依然として問題となっている。However, the above method eliminates the sudden temperature gradient;
Although thermal stress can be alleviated, due to the shape of the sub-chamber, parts with different wall thicknesses are inevitably formed in the ceramic member, so the amount of thermal expansion at each part with different wall thickness is different, and due to the difference in the amount of thermal expansion. There is a problem that cracks occur in the ceramic member, and this problem has not been solved even with the above-mentioned devices and remains a problem.

（発明の目的） 本発明は、上記問題を解決するものであって、断熱効果
を向上させつつ、セラミック部材の肉厚の均一化を図り
、均一な熱膨張量を得るようにすることを目的とする。(Objective of the Invention) The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to uniformize the wall thickness of the ceramic member and obtain a uniform amount of thermal expansion while improving the heat insulation effect. shall be.

（発明の構成） 上記目的を達成するための未発明の構成は、噴口を介し
て主熱焼室と連通する副室をセラミックせつつ、副室の
内外面の間の急激な温度勾配をなくシ、さらにはセラミ
ック部材の熱膨張量を均一にしたことを特徴とするもの
である。(Structure of the Invention) An uninvented structure for achieving the above object is to eliminate the sudden temperature gradient between the inner and outer surfaces of the sub-chamber while making the sub-chamber communicating with the main heating chamber through the nozzle to be ceramic. Furthermore, the ceramic member is characterized in that the amount of thermal expansion of the ceramic member is made uniform.

（発明の効果） したがって、本発明は上記のように副室を形成するセラ
ミック部材に空間部を形成することにより、該空間部が
断熱空間として機能するので断熱効果が向上するととも
に、該空間部が副室とシリンダヘッドとの間において中
間的空間部となるため、副室の内外面間の急激な温度勾
配を低減することができる０つまり、副室、内壁部、空
間部、外壁部およびシリンダヘッドが習次位前するため
、内壁部は副室と空間部との間の比較的小さな温度勾配
を、また、外壁部に空間部とシリンダヘッドとの間の比
較的小さな温度勾配を各々分担して受けるため、急激な
温度勾配によるセラミック部材の割れを防止できる。(Effects of the Invention) Therefore, the present invention provides that by forming a space in the ceramic member forming the sub-chamber as described above, the space functions as a heat insulating space, thereby improving the heat insulating effect, and becomes an intermediate space between the sub-chamber and the cylinder head, which reduces the rapid temperature gradient between the inner and outer surfaces of the sub-chamber. In other words, the sub-chamber, inner wall, space, outer wall and Because the cylinder head moves forward, the inner wall has a relatively small temperature gradient between the subchamber and the space, and the outer wall has a relatively small temperature gradient between the space and the cylinder head. Since the heat is shared, it is possible to prevent the ceramic member from cracking due to sudden temperature gradients.

さらには、上記空間部を形成する場合においてセラミッ
ク部材の内壁部および外壁部の肉厚が各々均一になるよ
うに形成したことにより、均一な熱膨張量が得られ、肉
厚の違いによるセラミック部材の割れを防止することが
できる。Furthermore, when forming the above-mentioned space, by forming the ceramic member so that the thickness of the inner wall and the outer wall are uniform, a uniform amount of thermal expansion can be obtained. can prevent cracking.

（実施例） 以下、本考案を実施例に基いて説明する。図において、
ディーゼルエンジンのシリンダヘッド１に設けられた副
室２は、セラミック部材３内に形成され、この副室２の
底部中央からシリンダ４内の主燃焼室５へ向けて噴口６
が斜めに透設されている。(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on an example. In the figure,
A subchamber 2 provided in a cylinder head 1 of a diesel engine is formed in a ceramic member 3, and a nozzle 6 extends from the center of the bottom of the subchamber 2 toward a main combustion chamber 5 in a cylinder 4.
is transparently installed diagonally.

上記セラミツク部材３底部側には、耐熱合金製のスリー
ブ７が外嵌され、該スリーブ７およびセラミック部材３
の上端部３ａを凹部８の上下の嵌合部に各々圧入するこ
とにより、セラミック部材３をシリンダへラド１に固定
している。また、セラミック部材３の外周側には円筒状
の断熱空間９が形成され、スリーブ７のシリンダヘッド
ｌへの位置決めを兼ねたシール部材１０でシールされて
いる。A sleeve 7 made of a heat-resistant alloy is fitted onto the bottom side of the ceramic member 3, and the sleeve 7 and the ceramic member 3
The ceramic member 3 is fixed to the cylinder rad 1 by press-fitting the upper end 3a into the upper and lower fitting parts of the recess 8, respectively. Further, a cylindrical heat insulating space 9 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the ceramic member 3, and is sealed with a sealing member 10 which also serves to position the sleeve 7 to the cylinder head l.

上記副室２の上方のシリンダヘッド１には、副室２内へ
燃料を噴射する噴射ノズル１１およびグロープラグ１２
が装着されている。The cylinder head 1 above the auxiliary chamber 2 has an injection nozzle 11 and a glow plug 12 for injecting fuel into the auxiliary chamber 2.
is installed.

そして、上記セラミツク部材３内部には、副室２の全周
を囲むように空間部１３が形成されているＯ また、上記空間部１３を形成するセラミック部材３の内
壁部１４および外壁部１５の肉厚が副室２を囲む全問に
おいて略均−となるように形成されている０ 上記空間部１３は、ラジェータのリザーブタンク等の成
形方法として一般に用いられているブー−成形により形
成し、また、上記内壁部１４および外壁部１５の肉厚は
上記ブロー成形における空気の圧力等を制御することに
より適切に形成することができる。A space 13 is formed inside the ceramic member 3 so as to surround the entire periphery of the auxiliary chamber 2. Furthermore, the inner wall 14 and the outer wall 15 of the ceramic member 3 forming the space 13 are formed inside the ceramic member 3. The space 13 is formed so that the wall thickness is approximately uniform throughout the entire area surrounding the subchamber 2. Further, the thickness of the inner wall portion 14 and the outer wall portion 15 can be appropriately formed by controlling the air pressure and the like during the blow molding.

尚、１６はセラミック部材３のシリンダヘッド１への強
い当りを防止する緩衝部材を兼ねたガスゲット、１７は
セラミック部材３とスリーブ７との位置決め部材である
。Note that 16 is a gas get which also serves as a buffer member to prevent the ceramic member 3 from hitting the cylinder head 1 strongly, and 17 is a positioning member between the ceramic member 3 and the sleeve 7.

以上の隔成に基いて本発明の詳細な説明すると、まず、
副室２内は燃焼により高閲状態になる一方、シリンダへ
フド１は冷却水等によりある程度冷却され比較的低温と
なるため、副室２とシリンダへツ）′１との間に介在さ
れるセラミック部材３は副室２＠とシリンダへラド１側
との温度勾配が大きくなり、それに伴う熱応力およびセ
ラミック部材３番の肉厚の違う筒所における熱膨張量の
相違に（よる熱応力の差により、セラミック部材３に割
れが生じるが、副室２とシリンダヘラ）′ｌとの間に、
内壁部１４および外壁部１５により空間部１３を形成し
たことにより、セラミック部材３としての内壁部１４は
副室２と空間部１３との間の比較的小さな温度勾配を、
また、外壁部１５は空間部１３と断熱空間９との間の比
較的小さな温度勾配を各々分担して受けるため、急激な
温度勾配による割れを防止できる。A detailed explanation of the present invention based on the above-mentioned separations will first include:
While the inside of the pre-chamber 2 is in a high-pressure state due to combustion, the cylinder hood 1 is cooled to some extent by cooling water and has a relatively low temperature, so it is interposed between the pre-chamber 2 and the cylinder head 1. Ceramic member 3 has a large temperature gradient between the subchamber 2@ and the cylinder Rad 1 side, resulting in thermal stress and a difference in the amount of thermal expansion in the cylindrical part with different wall thickness of ceramic member 3 (due to thermal stress). Due to the difference, cracks occur in the ceramic member 3, but between the subchamber 2 and the cylinder spatula)'l,
By forming the space 13 with the inner wall 14 and the outer wall 15, the inner wall 14 as the ceramic member 3 can maintain a relatively small temperature gradient between the subchamber 2 and the space 13.
Further, since the outer wall portion 15 receives the relatively small temperature gradient between the space portion 13 and the heat insulating space 9 in a shared manner, cracking due to a sudden temperature gradient can be prevented.

また、肉厚の違いによる割れも、空間部１３を形成する
際に、内壁部１４および外壁部１５の肉厚を各々均一に
形成したことにより防止できるＣさらには、空間部１３
、断熱空間９により断熱効果を向上することができる。In addition, cracks due to differences in wall thickness can be prevented by forming the inner wall portion 14 and the outer wall portion 15 with uniform thickness when forming the space portion 13.
, the heat insulation effect can be improved by the heat insulation space 9.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図は、本発明の実施例を示す副室構造の縦断面図である
。 ２・・・副室、３・・・セラミック部材、５・・・主燃
焼室、６・・・噴口、１３・・・空間部、１４・・内壁
部、１５・・・外壁部。The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a subchamber structure showing an embodiment of the present invention. 2... Sub-chamber, 3... Ceramic member, 5... Main combustion chamber, 6... Nozzle port, 13... Space, 14... Inner wall, 15... Outer wall.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）噴口を介して主燃焼室と連通する副室をセラミツ
ク部材で形成したエンジンの副室構造において、上記セ
ラミツク部材内部に空間部を形成するとともに、該空間
部を形成するセラミツク部材の内壁部および外壁部の肉
厚を各々均一に形成したことを特徴とするエンジンの副
室構造。(1) In an engine sub-chamber structure in which a sub-chamber communicating with the main combustion chamber through a nozzle hole is formed of a ceramic member, a space is formed inside the ceramic member, and an inner wall of the ceramic member forming the space is formed. A pre-chamber structure for an engine, characterized in that the wall thickness of the outer wall and the inner wall of the engine are uniform.
JP60192959A 1985-08-31 1985-08-31 Sub chamber structure of engine Expired - Lifetime JPH0610414B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60192959A JPH0610414B2 (en) 1985-08-31 1985-08-31 Sub chamber structure of engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60192959A JPH0610414B2 (en) 1985-08-31 1985-08-31 Sub chamber structure of engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6251718A true JPS6251718A (en) 1987-03-06
JPH0610414B2 JPH0610414B2 (en) 1994-02-09

Family

ID=16299877

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60192959A Expired - Lifetime JPH0610414B2 (en) 1985-08-31 1985-08-31 Sub chamber structure of engine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0610414B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1112442A1 (en) * 1998-09-01 2001-07-04 Galbraith Engineering Pty. Ltd. Reciprocating machine with two sub-chambers

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1112442A1 (en) * 1998-09-01 2001-07-04 Galbraith Engineering Pty. Ltd. Reciprocating machine with two sub-chambers
US6557519B1 (en) 1998-09-01 2003-05-06 Galbraith Engineering Pty Ltd. Reciprocating machine with two sub-chambers
EP1112442A4 (en) * 1998-09-01 2006-06-14 Galbraith Eng Pty Ltd Reciprocating machine with two sub-chambers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0610414B2 (en) 1994-02-09

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