JPS62262901A - Preparation of culture nutrient solution of plant - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for preparing a nutrient solution for growing plants used in hydroponic cultivation, etc., and in particular, it relates to a method for preparing a nutrient solution for growing plants, such as a highly concentrated stock solution of a nutrient solution necessary for cultivation such as fertilizer. and the dilution of highly concentrated nutrient solutions with agricultural water, etc.

[Conventional technology]

In contrast to traditional soil cultivation, which uses soil to cultivate plants, plants are planted in an artificial culture medium such as fibrous materials, and nutrients such as fertilizers necessary for growth are dissolved in water. There is culture cultivation in which cultivation is performed by supplying a nutrient solution.

Compared to soil cultivation, this type of culture medium cultivation has excellent characteristics, such as being more hygienic, allowing optimal growth conditions to be set for each cultivated plant, and easy cultivation management. ,
Management of nutrient solution concentration, etc. is extremely important.

FIG. 2 shows an overview of a general hydroponic method for growing plants.

In this hydroponic cultivation method, a high-concentration nutrient solution (hereinafter referred to as undiluted solution M) in which fertilizer or the like is dissolved as the basis of nutrient solution Wm is added to a nutrient solution mixing and diluting device 2 along with dilution water Wr such as agricultural water to a nutrient solution tank 4. By mixing this stock solution M and dilution water Wr to dilute the concentration of the stock solution M, a nutrient solution Wm having a fertilizer concentration suitable for cultivating plants is obtained.

Then, this nutrient solution Wm is delivered to the cultivation area 10 through a nutrient solution supply device 6 consisting of a pressure pump, a filter, etc., and a supply pipe line 8.
sent to. In the cultivation area 10, a plurality of branch pipes 12 attached to the supply pipe line 8 are connected to a bed 16 in which plants 14 are planted.
A drip nozzle as a supply nozzle is provided for each plant unit for each branch pipe 12. Therefore, the nutrient solution Wm pumped through the supply pipe line 8 is dripped and supplied to the vicinity of the plants from the drip nozzle 18 via the branch pipe 12.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In such a hydroponic cultivation method, the preparation of the nutrient solution Wm is as follows:
It is necessary to set the optimal fertilizer distribution and concentration for the plants 14, and the fertilizer distribution and concentration differ from plant to plant and also vary greatly depending on their growth status and weather conditions. It is necessary to set the fertilizer distribution and concentration of the nutrient solution Wm each time while referring to growth data and weather data.

Conventionally, in mixing and diluting the nutrient solution Wm for diluting the nutrient solution M by mixing it with the dilution water Wr, the amount mn of the nutrient solution is set in accordance with the flow rate wr for inhaling and drawing the dilution water Wr.
In a diluter that obtains m, the dilution ratio of the stock solution M fluctuates depending on the fL amount wr of the dilution water Wr and the pressure, making it impossible to obtain a constant concentration of the nutrient solution Wm and making it impossible to freely change the concentration. Met. Therefore, if the dilution ratio changes, it is necessary to respond by changing the fertilizer concentration of the stock solution M.
It required extremely tedious work.

In addition, as a way to automate the preparation of conventional nutrient solution Wm,
After taking a certain amount of dilution water Wr into the nutrient solution mixing and diluting device 2, a stock solution M with a specific concentration is gradually added therein to make the nutrient solution W.
Some devices set the required concentration while monitoring the concentration of m using a concentration sensor or the like. This is because the nutrient solution Wm is prepared by taking in the dilution water Wr in fixed amounts, so there is no need to continuously correct the concentration. Continuous supply control of the nutrient solution Wm cannot be performed, and an expensive concentration sensor is required to set the nutrient solution Wm at a constant concentration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing a nutrient solution for cultivating plants, in which a nutrient solution of a required concentration is continuously prepared in accordance with the supplied dilution water, thereby achieving the required concentration.

[Means for solving problems]

As shown in FIG. 1, the plant cultivation nutrient solution preparation method of the present invention includes a flow rate detection means (flow rate sensor 2
0) and a stock solution supply means (quantity dispensers 26A, 26B) for supplying stock solutions Ma and Mb to the dilution water Wr,
The stock solution volume mn corresponding to the flow rate of the dilution water Wr is determined for the set concentration of the nutrient solution Wm, and the stock solution N4 is set to this stock solution volume mn.
The content is to supply the nutrient solution Wm to the dilution water Wr from the stock solution supply means (metered quantity dispensers 26A, 26B) to prepare the nutrient solution Wm.

[For production]

According to such a method, the stock solution amount mn is obtained according to the concentration setting of the nutrient solution Wm and the flow rate of the dilution water Wr, and the stock solutions Ma and Mb set as the stock solution imn are mixed with the dilution water Wr. Immediately responds to fluctuations in the flow rate of dilution water Wr and adjusts the amount of stock solution m.
n is controlled, and the nutrient solution Wm having a set concentration is continuously prepared.

In this case, the nutrient solution Wm is prepared by mixing and diluting each stock solution Ma, Mb and dilution water Wr when using a plurality of stock solutions Ma and Mb, or by mixing and diluting each stock solution Ma and Mb with dilution water Wr when using a single stock solution M. It refers to mixed dilution of M and dilution water Wr.

In the plant cultivation nutrient solution preparation method of this invention,
The stock solution M is composed of first and second fertilizer stock solutions (stock solutions Ma, Mb) having different components, or a fertilizer stock solution and a pH correction stock solution, and has components depending on the set concentration of the nutrient solution Wm and the flow rate twr of the dilution water Wr. Alternatively, by setting the blending ratio of the first and second stock solutions Ma and Mb according to the pH value configuration, a nutrient solution Wm with desired components and concentration can be obtained.

Further, in the plant cultivation nutrient solution preparation method of the present invention, the stock solution supply means includes stock solution tanks 28A and 28B for storing the stock solution.
, and quantitative dispensers 26A and 26B controlled by the output of the stock solution volume control means (stock solution volume control device 24) and the fixed volume dispenser drive circuit 32, the necessary amount of stock solution Ma,
A means for mixing and diluting Mb with a nutrient solution (a nutrient solution mixing diluter 22)
).

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows an example of the method for preparing a plant cultivation nutrient solution according to the present invention.

For example, agricultural water such as groundwater or rainwater is used as the dilution water Wr for obtaining the nutrient solution Wm of a specific concentration. This dilution water Wr is supplied to the supply pipe 30 from a tank (not shown) or the like.
A flow rate sensor 20 is installed as a flow rate detection means for detecting the flow rate wr of the dilution water Wr in the middle of the supply pipe 30, and the flow rate sensor 20 converts the flow i1wr of the dilution water Wr into electricity. detected.

Vwr indicates a flow rate signal representing the flow rate wr of the dilution water Wr.

This dilution water Wr is supplied to a nutrient solution mixing diluter 22 installed as a nutrient solution mixing and diluting means for mixing with the stock solution M. The nutrient solution mixing diluter 22 is, for example, the supply pipe 3
0, one in which a large cross-sectional area is formed in the pipe constituting the supply pipe 30, or a mixed nutrient solution dilution in which the nutrient solution Wm is prepared and stored separately from the supply pipe. In this embodiment, a part having a large cross-sectional area is installed in a part of the supply pipe line 30.

In addition, first and second stock solution tanks 28A serve as stock solution storage means for storing the first and second fertilizer stock solutions Ma and Mb.
, 28B are installed, and these stock solution tanks 28A,
The stock solutions Ma and Mb of 28B are supplied to the first and second quantitative dispensers 26A and 2 as electrically controlled stock solution supply means.
It is supplied to the nutrient solution mixing diluter 22 via 6B. Undiluted solution M
The supply of a and Mb to the nutrient solution mixing diluter 22 is, for example,
Necessary amount of stock solution Ma is passed through the metering dispensers 26A and 26B.
Alternatively, Mb is set to drip by gravity or a certain pressure.

The flow rate signal Vwr obtained by the flow rate sensor 20 is
It is added to the stock solution amount calculation section 241 of the stock solution amount control device 24 installed as a stock solution amount control means. Raw solution amount calculation unit 241
is the stock solution i necessary to obtain the concentration Xn from the flow rate data obtained from the constantly changing flow rate signal Vwr and the concentration data representing the concentration Xn set as necessary
Calculate 1 mn. For example, this stock solution amount calculation section 241
In the case of 2AI data and concentration data, a storage means is installed that stores stock solution volume data according to the flow rate data, and the necessary stock solution volume data is read out by inputting the flow rate data and concentration data. good.

The stock solution amount signal Vmn representing the stock solution amount data calculated by the stock solution amount calculation section 241 is transmitted to the stock solution amount supply control section 24.
2 to generate the concentrate control signal Vcm necessary to supply the required quantity of concentrate. In this case, stock solutions Ma, M
If the blending ratio of b is also calculated at the same time and, for example, the blending ratio of each of the stock solutions Ma and Mb is automatically set according to the concentration data, the blending ratio can be obtained for determining the concentration. Therefore, the stock solution control signal Vcm is a data signal representing the amounts of stock solutions Ma and Mb and their blending ratio for setting the required concentration.

This stock solution control signal Vcm is applied to a metering dispenser drive circuit 32 installed as a supply driving means for the stock solution supply means, and the fixed solution dispenser drive circuit 32 receives the stock solution control signal Vcm.
Each metering dispenser 2 outputs drive signals Va and vb according to the
Add to 6A and 26B. The quantitative dispensers 26A and 26B are
The opening/closing time is controlled with respect to the supply ratio of the stock solutions Ma and Mb set in the stock solution control signal Vcm, and the amount of stock solution M necessary to obtain the set concentration Xn for the flow rate wr of the dilution water Wr is controlled.
a, the stock solution Mb, or both are supplied to the nutrient solution mixing diluter 22.

The supplied stock solution M a % M b is stirred inside the nutrient solution mixer diluter 22 according to the flow of dilution water Wr to obtain a nutrient solution Wm of the required concentration, and is supplied to the cultivation area side through the supply B 34 be done. In that case, the nutrient solution Wm is fed under pressure by the nutrient solution supply device 6 as shown in FIG. 2.

Therefore, according to such a nutrient solution preparation method, the nutrient solution W
When the concentration of the stock solution m is set, the necessary amount of stock solutions Ma and Mb are supplied and mixed according to the flow rate iwr of the dilution water Wr, and the necessary stock solutions Ma and Mb are adjusted immediately in response to the fluctuations in the flow rate of the dilution water Wr. Since the supply amount of Wm is controlled, a stable concentration of the nutrient solution Wm is always maintained.
is obtained. According to such concentration control, the concentration of the stock solution M a % Mb may be constant, and a mixing dilution tank and a concentration sensor are not required, so that an inexpensive system can be constructed. Further, the stock solution amount control device 24 is configured with an arithmetic processing device such as a microcomputer, and can realize control of the stock solution amount.

In addition, in the embodiment, the first and second stock solution tanks 28A
, 28B were installed to prepare two kinds of stock solutions M a .

Although we have explained the case of using Mb, it is possible to mix the necessary ingredients of fertilizer in advance and set up the necessary stock solution tank, or
In order to avoid inconveniences caused by combinations of fertilizers, a stock solution tank may be installed for each fertilizer, and the fertilizers may be mixed according to the concentration settings.

Further, in the present invention, if the fertilizer stock solution is stored in the first stock solution tank 28A and the pH concentration correction stock solution is stored in the second stock solution tank 28B, the pH? Can be used to correct W degrees.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the amount of stock solution required for the flow rate of dilution water is calculated according to the concentration setting of the nutrient solution, and the amount of stock solution is controlled based on the calculation result. The amount of stock solution can be controlled immediately in response to fluctuations in the flow rate of
Nutrient solutions with a set concentration can be mixed, diluted, and prepared continuously, and the concentration of the nutrient solution can be freely set to achieve a predetermined concentration. Plants can be grown by stably supplying nutrient solution.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a cultivation nutrient solution mixing device which is an embodiment of the plant cultivation nutrient solution mixing method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of a general nutrient solution cultivation method for plants. . Wm... Nutrient solution, Wr... Dilution water, M, Ma, Mb・
...Standard solution, 2o...Flow rate sensor as flow rate detection means, 26A, 26B...Quantitative dispenser as stock solution supply means.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Equipped with a flow rate detection means for detecting the flow rate of dilution water that is mixed with the stock solution and dilutes the stock solution, and a stock solution supply means that supplies the stock solution to the dilution water, and is diluted to a set concentration of the nutrient solution. A method for preparing a nutrient solution for cultivating plants, which comprises determining the amount of a stock solution according to the flow rate of water, and supplying the stock solution set to the amount of the stock solution from a stock solution supply means to dilution water to prepare a nutrient solution. (2) The stock solution consists of first and second fertilizer stock solutions having different components, or a fertilizer stock solution and a pH correction stock solution,
Claim 1 is characterized in that the blending ratio of the first and second undiluted solutions is set according to the fertilizer undiluted solution or the pH value composition according to the flow rate of dilution water with respect to the set concentration of the nutrient solution. A method of preparing a nutrient solution for cultivating the described plants. (3) The nutrient solution supplying means includes a nutrient solution tank that stores the nutrient solution, and a fixed-quantity discharger that is controlled by the output of the nutrient solution amount control means. A method for preparing a nutrient solution for cultivating plants as described in Section 1.