JPS62256294A - Electronic instrument with automatic playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the wide value of application by storing operator playing information representing the operating state of the operator into a storage means and outputting sequentially storage operator playing information. CONSTITUTION:Moving contacts of switches SW1-SW4 are set to the position of contacts X1-4 and the playing of a player is stored in a storage device 22 as compressed form digital playing information 47. The moving contacts of the switches SW1-SW4 are thrown to the position of Y1-Y4 properly after the end of playing, and digital playing information 48 is read/reproduced by an information reproducing device 23 from the device 22. Then the information is distributed to the contacts Y1-Y4 to attain the unattended automatic playing of an electronic instrument main body 1. In this case, for example, the switch SW2 is not throw to the position of the contact Y2, the other switches SW1,SW1, SW3,SW4 are thrown to the position of the contacts Y1,Y3 and Y4 to reproduce automatically only the playing information such as vibrato effect and tone color control and the playing of keyboard only is performed by the player.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Utilization Ff) The present invention relates to an automatic performance device A-1 electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic performance device capable of storing and reproducing performance information such as a keyboard and operators.

(Prior art) Conventionally, as this type of device, for example, the University of Utah doctoral thesis rELECTR, ON I C3, MUST CAN
D COMPUTER8b,y Akfan
Conway Ashton" (published August 1970), a computer is connected to an electronic organ, and through program processing in the computer, the keyboard, tone, volume, and effects that change over time as the electronic organ is played. The stored performance information is sequentially output to the organ interface according to the passage of time similar to the above, and the organ interface controls the electronic organ based on this performance information. There is one in which the performance of the electronic organ is reproduced by controlling the tone generator, filter switch, etc. inside the organ.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, with the above-mentioned conventional device, although it is possible to directly reproduce the performance of the electronic organ, it is not possible to selectively output the stored performance information to the organ interface. Therefore, only a part of the memorized performance information, that is, only the performance information related to the keyboard or the performance information related to the operators that control timbre, volume, effects, etc., is output to the electronic organ, and only the musical sound elements related to the performance information are output. It could not be controlled automatically. Therefore, when playing back a performance,
Playing a song with different tones, volume, effects, etc. for each song or in the middle of the song, or changing the tone, volume, effects, etc. of a musical sound played on a ttL board as part or all of the same song as the song progresses. It is not possible to automatically control the
1. There was a problem in that the applications of the conventional device were limited.

This invention was made in view of the problem described in item 1, and its purpose is to provide an electronic musical instrument with an automatic performance device that has a wide range of utility.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the invention has a structural feature that includes a musical tone signal forming means for forming a musical tone signal of a frequency corresponding to supplied pitch information. , an electronic musical instrument comprising an operator that controls at least one musical tone element among the tone, volume, and effect of the musical tone signal formed by the musical tone signal forming means, the operation state of the operator changing over time; storage means for storing operator performance information representing the operation; output means for sequentially outputting the stored operator performance information stored in the storage means over time; The controller performance information is supplied to the musical tone signal forming means to control the musical tone element of the musical tone signal by the operator performance information, or the storage operator performance information outputted from the output means is supplied to the musical tone signal forming means to be stored. The present invention further includes a selection means for selecting whether to control the musical tone element of the musical tone signal based on operator performance information.

Further, the second feature of the second aspect of the invention is a keyboard that is made up of a plurality of keys and specifies the pitch of a musical tone signal to be generated, and a musical tone signal that forms a musical tone signal of the pitch specified by the keyboard. In an electronic musical instrument, the electronic musical instrument includes a forming means and a control device for controlling at least one musical tone element among the tone, volume, and effect of the musical tone signal formed by the musical tone signal forming means, wherein the keyboard changes over time. a storage means for storing R-board performance information and operator performance information representing each operating state of each key and the operator; and a storage means for storing the stored keyboard performance information and the stored operator performance information stored in the storage means over time. an output means for sequentially outputting the <tII keyboard performance information based on the operation of the 0q keyboard;
The pitch of the musical sound signal is controlled by the keyboard performance information, or the stored keyboard performance information outputted from the output means is supplied to the musical sound signal forming means, and the pitch of the musical sound signal is controlled by the stored keyboard performance information. The first step is to select whether to control the pitch.
a selection means, and supplying operator performance information based on the operation of the operator to the musical tone signal forming means and controlling the musical tone element of the musical tone signal using the operator performance information, or storing information output from the outputting means; and second selection means for supplying operator performance information to the musical tone signal forming means and selecting whether to control the musical tone element of the musical tone signal using the stored operator performance information.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) In the first invention configured as described above, the selection means selects the operator performance information regarding the operation of the operator and the memory operator stored in the storage means and outputted by the output means. selectively outputting either one of the performance information to the musical sound signal forming means to control the musical sound element corresponding to the performance information among the timbre, volume and effect of the musical sound signal formed by the musical sound signal forming means. Therefore, the musical tone elements, which are automatically controlled by the stored operator performance information as the music progresses during performance reproduction, can be arbitrarily changed by manual operation of the operator.

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, the musical tone signal forming means can generate, for example, pitch information from a keyboard, pitch information from another musical instrument, and pitches stored in and output from the automatic performance device. When forming a musical tone signal with a pitch represented by pitch information based on information (keyboard performance information), musical tone elements such as timbre, volume, effects, etc. that are automatically controlled as the music progresses can be manually operated. This allows you to freely change and control each song or in the middle of a song, allowing you to enjoy a wide variety of music.

In addition, if this electronic musical instrument is used for music lessons, the differences in musical sound elements such as timbre, volume, and effects will not affect the same song, making it easy to learn musical effects with a real feeling. If you use it for composing music, etc., it will be easier to select the tone, volume, effects, etc. that follow the progression of the song. As a result, the utility value of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention increases.

Further, according to the second invention configured as described above, the second invention
Similar to the above-mentioned selection means, the selection means selectively controls the recorded musical tone elements of the musical tone signal formed by the musical tone signal forming means, and the first selection means controls the keyboard performance related to key operations on the keyboard. The musical tone signal forming means selectively outputs either the information or the stored keyboard performance information stored in the storage means and outputted by the outputting means to the musical tone signal forming means. A musical tone signal with a high pitch or a musical tone signal with a pitch corresponding to the keyboard performance information stored in the storage device is selectively generated.

As a result, according to the second invention, when reproducing a performance, the tone, volume, effect, etc. of each song or in the middle of the song can be changed to be different from those at the time of performance, or the tone, volume, etc. of a musical sound played on a keyboard can be It is now possible to automatically control effects, etc. over part or all of a piece of music as the piece progresses, and to change and control the generation of musical tones during automatic performance by playing only part of the piece on the keyboard.1. Compared to the device according to the first invention, the value of use for music lessons, composition, inflection, etc. is further increased.

(Embodiment) Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where ■ indicates an electronic musical instrument main body that operates in accordance with digital performance information corresponding to the displacement of an operable operator, and ■ indicates This is a performance information processing device that processes the digital performance information obtained from the electronic musical instrument main body I and sends it again to the electronic musical instrument main body I.

First, the configuration and operation of the electronic musical instrument main body I will be described.

For example, a plurality of polycrystalline harmonic sound source signals 31 from a tone generator 1 (TG) consisting of a plurality of oscillators that generate polycrystalline harmonic signals rich in harmonic components such as square wave signals and sawtooth wave signals are generated by e.g. Electronic keyboard switch 2 (EC+) consisting of a group of switching elements such as effect transistors
transmitted to. A signal generator 16 that generates a digital keyboard signal according to the displacement of each weight of the keyboard to the switch is connected to the electronic switch 2 via a switch SW2.
The pitch from each key switch is selected according to the performance content,
Each switching element of the electronic switch 2 is controlled according to tempo-related digital performance information. The polycrystalline harmonic sound source signal 32, which is selected or switched according to the pitch and tempo, is passed through the timbre circuits 3 to 5 (TCF + to TC) each including a timbre filter or a formant filter.
F3), here, the musical tone signal 33 is waveform-shaped according to the filtering characteristics of the tone circuits 3 to 5, and is given the frequency spectrum of each tone, for example, flute 1~ type, string type, and reed type. , 34.35. The musical tone signals 33 to 35 are each connected to a tone lever electronic switch 6.
8 (EC3 to EC5), they are transmitted to the mixing circuit 9 as musical tone signals 36 to 38 whose amplitudes are controlled between the 0 level and the input level. A digital tone lever signal generator 17 having tone levers 1 to L3 corresponding to each of the electronic switches 6 to 8 sends a tone lever signal generator 17 to each of the electronic switches 6 to 8 via a switch SW3 for switch control according to the displacement of each tone lever. It provides a digital signal. That is, if the displacement of tone levers 1 to L3 is appropriately operated from the minimum value to the maximum value according to the performance content (in the case shown, it can be operated in 4 stages), for example, each 1.
- When the displacements of the levers L1 to L3 are set to low, medium, and high, respectively, the musical tone signals 33 to 35 of the flute type, string type, and reed type are converted into musical tone signals having the corresponding amplitudes of low, medium, and high, respectively. It can be varied from 36 to 38. Of course, it is also possible to set one tone lever to the zero position so that the corresponding one musical tone signal is not output.

A mixed output signal 39 obtained by mixing the musical tone signals 36 to 38 whose amplitudes have been controlled in this manner in the mixing circuit 9 (MC) is sent to the output amplifier 11 via the expression electronic switch 10 (ECb).

A pedal signal generator 18 having an expression pedal P converts the displacement of the pedal P into a corresponding digital signal, and is connected via a switch SW4 to an electronic switch 10 including a switching element responsive to this digital pedal signal. .

The element switch 10 provides a mixed output 40 whose amplitude is controlled in response to a digital signal corresponding to pedal displacement. An amplified musical tone signal 41 from output amplifier 11 receiving this mixed output 40 is converted into an acoustic signal by speaker 12.

By the way, in the tone generator 1, a vibrato oscillator 14 (VO) is connected to an electronic switch 13 in order to obtain a vibrato effect by vibrato modulating the polycrystalline harmonic sound source signal.
(EC2). A push-button signal generator 15 having a push-button switch B that is operated when a vibrato effect is desired is provided, and the signal generator 1
A digital signal obtained from 5 is led to electronic switch 13 via switch SW1 to control it.

In the above case, the operators operated during performance include the vibrato push button switch B, the key switch, and the like.
levers L1 to L3. Although the expression pedal P is shown as an example, some types of electronic musical instruments have many more operators, and it is possible to apply the above-mentioned digital performance method to all of these operators if necessary. it is obvious.

In any case, the electronic musical instrument main body I having the above configuration has all digital performance information, that is, pitch, obtained by the player operating each operator.

Musical tone information corresponding to digital performance information related to tempo, timbre, volume, and various effects can be obtained from the speaker 12.

Therefore, here I will comment on the digital performance control means, which is particularly different from conventional electronic musical instruments.

The push-button switches B and 1llll switch for vibrato effect can both be mechanical switches that take two states, on and off, so the respective signal generators 15 and 16 are turned on and off by these switches. It may be possible to take out the on/off output from the Kaida circuit.

Each tone lever 1-1 to 1-1. take different positions, respectively 4'), converting the angular displacement of the lever into a digital signal. An LD converter is provided. Similarly, an AD converter is provided to convert the displacement of the expression pedal P into a digital signal.

An example of these A/D converters is shown in Figures 2a and 2b. FIG. 2a shows an A-D converter for the l-on lever, in which the rotary switch 130 has two pins and one contact point, which has four contacts corresponding to the four angular positions of the l-on lever.
- the encoder 131 is coupled in such a way that the four displacement states can be converted into a 2-bit binary signal; FIG. 2b shows an L-D converter for an expression pedal; A rotary switch 140 having 16 contacts is connected to the input side.

That is, since the displacement of the pedal is normally converted into an angular displacement, the angular displacement is converted to 16 by the rotary switch 140.
The angular displacement of the 16 steps is quantized to the encoder 14.
1, it is converted into a 4-bit binary signal.

FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate the detailed configuration of an A-D converter relating to the connection between the rotary switch and the encoder. Although the A-D converter in this example is for a l-on lever (2 bits), it will be clear from the following description that one for a pedal (4 bits) can be similarly constructed. . Sector-shaped code plate 15 with cover 152
1, a shaft 150 is rotatably attached to the shaft 150. This axis 15
0 is given an angular displacement by a tone lever, and a sliding member 154 is attached to the rotating shaft 150 with a pair of bolts and nuts.
55, the supporting member 153 is fixed. The sliding member 154 has contacts 159, 1. which are electrically insulated from each other.
60 is installed, and this pair of contacts is a Nando game)
160a and 160b, respectively. There are two arc-shaped insulating layers 156 and 157 on the surface of the code plate 151.
are arranged in parallel in the radial direction, and ground metal layers 158a to 158c are formed on each insulating layer in the shape shown in the figure.

In the A-D converter having such a configuration, the Nant gate 16
Applying potential Vcc to each input terminal of 0a and 160b via a resistor, and connecting a resistor and a capacitor to the ground to prevent chattering, rotate the rotating shaft 150 with a tone lever to rotate the sliding member. 154 to assume four different angular positions, two pins I (4 states) are applied to the Nant gate output terminals T, , T2 accordingly.
You can get an initial signal.

Regarding the electronic switches 6 to 8.10, which are each controlled by the output digital signals of these signal generators 17.18, although these electronic switches are controlled by digital signals, they change the input analog signal to the output side according to the control signal. It is an analog switch for transmitting data to the LAN, and can have a configuration as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, for example.

FIG. 4a shows the electronic switches 6.7. used in correspondence with the A-1) converter of FIG. 2a, already illustrated for use with the lever. or 8, for example, a solid-state switching circuit 133 consisting of switching elements 81 to S4 such as field effect transistors, a voltage dividing resistor circuit 134 with a tap connected to the input terminal of this circuit, and a control input terminal of the circuit 133. The decoder 132 is connected to the decoder 132. Now, one of the musical tone signals 33 to 35 is applied to the input terminal To, and the converter output terminals T, T, and T2 of FIG.
, T2, the switching elements Sl to S, depending on the binary signal, are applied.
By turning on one of them, a musical tone signal 36, 37 or 38 having four different amplitude levels between the input level and the O level can be obtained at the output terminal Q. Fig. 4b shows a 4-bit analog electronic switch used in correspondence with the converter shown in Fig. 2b, which converts the voltage (for partial voltage) taken out from each tap of the voltage dividing resistor circuit 144 from which the musical tone signal is output into a 4-bit decoder. A solid-state switching circuit 143 including switching elements 81 to SI6 controlled by the outputs of the electronic circuit 143 in FIG. It is easily understood that it functions similarly to a switch.

The switches SW and SW4 are used to switch between actual performance by the performer of the electronic musical instrument body I and automatic performance by the information processing device ■, and their movable contacts are normally linked, but in the training system described later. When this automatic performance device is applied to, etc., it is not necessarily necessary to link the automatic performance device. If the movable contacts of the switches SW1 to SW4 are brought into contact with the contacts X1 to X4, respectively, as shown, the player can touch the movable controls of the electronic musical instrument body I, that is, the key switches of the keyboard.
-Lever L, ~L3. Expression pedal P
In response to operating the vibrato switch B etc. according to the content of the performance, digital performance information is obtained from each of the contacts X1 to x4, and musical tones or acoustic information corresponding to this digital performance information is obtained from the speaker 12.

Next, the configuration and operation of the performance information processing device (2) will be described.

In FIG. 1, digital performance information 46 consisting of digital signals 42 to 45 obtained from contacts X1 to A compressed form of digital performance information 47, including a digital signal containing the changes when the changes occur and a relative time signal indicating the relative time between the changes, is stored in the storage device 22 (MEM). The stored contents of this storage device 22 are read out to the information reproducing device 23 (IRD) as digital information 48, reproduced as performance information 49 in the original uncompressed form, and distributed to the other contacts Y, to Y4 of each switch. Supplied. These devices 21 to 23
A control device 24 (CD) is provided for controlling the operations of the 1 and 2 using control signals 54 to 56, respectively. In this embodiment, the information compression detection device 21 and the information reproducing device 23 are provided, and the reason why the digital performance information obtained from the electronic musical instrument main body I is not directly stored and reproduced by the memory bag W 22 is that This is to allow digital performance information to be stored using a storage device with as low a storage capacity as possible.

By configuring the performance information processing device (2) in this way, the movable contacts of switches SW and SW4 are set at the positions of X1 to The digital performance information 48 is stored as digital performance information 47, and after the performance is finished, the movable contacts of the switches SWI to SW4 are inserted into the Y1 to Y4 sides, and the digital performance information 48 is read from the storage device 22 by the information reproducing device 23 and reproduced. By distributing the power to each contact point Y, to Y4, it is possible to cause the electronic musical instrument body I to perform automatically and unattended. In this case, for example, without switching switch SW2 to the Y2 contact side, the other SWs, , SW, , SW4 are connected to Y, , Y3 . It is also possible to input it to the Y4 contact side to automatically reproduce only the performance information related to the vibrato effect, tone control, and expression control, so that the player only plays the keyboard.

As is clear from the above description, some terms used in this specification will be defined here.

That is, (1) "one operator" refers to keys, tone levers, volume adjustment knobs, vibrato effect levers, expression pedals, etc. that are operated by the performer according to the content of the performance during performance. (21 [Digital performance information] refers to the amount of displacement or displacement state of a control element converted into a corresponding digital amount. For example, this information is a 256-bit binary signal. (3) [Event 1 -J refers to the change in the state of the control between the current scanning time and the previous state scanning time when detecting the state of the control. (4 + 1 relative time" means 1 It is the time interval between one event and the previous event, and is denoted by 8T.
) "Status word" refers to digital performance information expressed as a key code or serial pixel corresponding to the status of a plurality of programmed operators. 16
) [Event check word] refers to digital information indicating the address of the block where the event occurred. ■“
"Compressed information" refers to information that includes status words, event check words, and digital information indicating relative time. One of the features of the present invention is that a huge amount of performance information can be compressed by combining multiple pieces of information. It's about processing.

The specific configuration and operation of the performance information processing device (2) will be explained below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, contacts X1 to X4 that lead to digital performance information signals 42 to 45 are connected to event detection circuits 62 to 62, respectively.
65 (l吃D(:1-EDC4)).These event detection circuits 62-65 compare digital information regarding the corresponding operators at regular time intervals to detect events as data changes. The results are sent to the controller 1 to the roll processor 92.

Here, as a typical example, the event detection circuit 62 detects event 1 related to the keyboard, that is, a change in the playing state of the keyboard.
Let's talk about. The digital signal 43 corresponding to the displacement of the key switch obtained from the keyboard signal generator 16 is sequentially read out to the parallel-in-serial-out shift I register 711SR1) at intervals of Tφ2=l/fφ2 by the clock pulse φ2. Ru. The keyboard information read in a certain period is Tφ1. by clock pulse φ1. =Tφ2/
'n (here, for example, n=24), the serial-in-parallel-out shift I register 72 (SR2'
). The contents of the shift register 72 are simultaneously written into the buffer register 74 (BP,) by clock pulse φ2 at the same time as this sequential transfer. clock pulse φ
The digital signal indicating the performance state of each weight read out to the shift register 71 in the cycle following 2 is an exclusive OR gate 73.
, the performance state of each weight in the previous cycle is compared with the digital signal, ie, the contents of the shift register 72, bit by bit of each corresponding key. If even one bit does not match in this comparison, exclusive OR gate 73 produces an output, and this output is temporarily stored in flip-flop 75 (FF). In other words, if the digital signals compared by the exclusive OR gate 73 do not match even one bit, the performance state change (ON or OFF) is applied to one of the key switches.
event) has occurred. The output terminal of the flip-flop 75 is connected to its input terminal for feedback, and if there is even one event bit in the comparison result of the exclusive OR gate 73, the stored contents will eventually become the event bit. become. For example, for simplicity, exclusive OR gate 73 compares 16-bit digital signals, and the result is r OOO] 0
000000ooooo, then the memory contents of the flip-flop are rOO0111111,1111
1, 11", and finally "1" is stored. For example, shift register 71. ．． 72 is designed to store 256-bit keyboard performance information, the comparison in the exclusive OR gate 73 and the temporary storage in the flip-flop 75 are performed for each 16-bit block. The detection results may be temporarily stored in other shift registers (not shown).

As can be seen, in this case, the information in the shift register (other registers not shown) corresponds to one event and one shift word.

In any case, the stored contents of flip-flop 75 are guided to OR gate 66.

At the input end of the or game 1-66, not only the event output of the keyboard event detection circuit 62 but also the event output of this detection circuit 62 is provided.
Event detection circuits 63, 64-. for other vibrato switches, tone levers, and expression pedals that perform similar detection operations in parallel. The event I output of 65 is led, and the result of the OR logic is output at the ant gate 67 as a storage request signal, ie, a request store signal 100, in synchronization with the clock pulse φ2.

Further, a counter 61 is provided which is driven by a clock pulse φ2 and cleared by the output CP of the processor 92 (not shown on the processor 92 side) to indicate the relative time between event signals. That is, the counter 61 constantly counts the clock pulse φ2, which is output from the control processor 92 upon generation of the request store signal 100. Therefore, it is cleared every time an event signal is sent from each of the detection circuits 62 to 65. In this way, the count value immediately before the counter 61 is reset by the generation of an event signal, and then reset again by the generation of the next event signal by clock pulse φ2 is changed from the time when the previous event signal was generated to this time. corresponds to the time until the event signal occurs. The count value of the counter 61 represents the elapsed time since the previous event signal was generated.

In this way, events are detected for performance information (eg, 512 bits) for all movable members.

The control processor 92 ((2P)) is driven by the request storage Pj] OO based on the event detected as described above. This control processor 92 performs parallel processing of, for example, 8 bits 1. , logical operations, arithmetic operations, data transfer, and jumps, as well as read-on memory9] (R
The value of the program counter can be arbitrarily set using an external signal using instructions stored in the OM. That is, the control processor 92 (CP) controls the first-in first-out memory 9 by a command signal 112 in accordance with the command from the read-only memory 91 (R, OM>) in which information processing procedures or commands are stored in advance.
3 (FIFO+), when there is a request store signal 100, the event relative time 1 of the counter 61
01, the contents 102 of the buffer register 74, and the contents 103 to 105 of the other detection circuits 63 to 65, the bit with "1" in the shift I register that stores the detection results for every 16 bits I. Memorize the corresponding story. Each time this storage is completed, the counter 6] and the flip-flop 75
is cleared by the clear pulse CP, and the -order check ends. Then, the above-described detection and storage operation is repeated throughout the entire playing process of the electronic musical instrument main body (2). P.I.
F0193 is a type of temporary storage device that sequentially outputs information from the first input, and is used by the control processor 9.
2 periodically transfers the stored information 110 to the cassette I/tape memory 9 each time the stored content of the FIFO 193 reaches a predetermined amount.
Memories 93 and 94 are controlled by command signals 112 and 113 so as to transfer data to 4.

In this way, all performance information is stored on the cassette tape in the cassette tape memory 94 as a compressed digital signal containing a change in the performance state when the change occurs, and a relative time signal indicating the relative time between the changes. The information is stored in the form of a compressed event I matrix (i.e., a compressed information data format). In this case, it is extremely useful to provide the FIFO memory 93 before the memory 94 in order to store irregular compressed information in the simple memory 94 capable of long-term storage. Furthermore, it is understood that storing such a huge amount of performance information in a compressed form is extremely effective in reducing the storage capacity of the memories 93 and 94. For example, in an automatic performance system that displays all performance information as a 512-bit binary signal, considering that at most only a few dozen bits change during the actual performance, the compression detection storage method described above is It is clear that the role played by reducing capacity and thus simplifying the overall device and reducing costs is obvious.

The configuration and operation of the system for compressing, detecting and storing digital performance information have been described above. Next, the configuration and operation of the system for reproducing the stored digital performance information will be described.

In the cassette tape memory 94, the compressed digital performance information is stored in the event relative time 11 to ΔT0, an event check word indicating the address of the buffer register where the event occurred, as shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b. and a status word indicating the contents of the buffer register at the time of the event. These event matrix information 111 are sequentially and regularly updated.
'First out buffer memory 95 (FIFO2)
is read out. This read operation is controlled by the control processor 92 using command signals 113 and 114.

In this performance information reproducing device, a parallel-in/serial-out shift register 87 (SR
3) includes keyboard-related pitch performance information 116, parallel in-parallel out buffer register 82 (BP,
) is information 117. about the presence or absence of vibrato effect. Parallel In-Parallel Array Buffer Register 83 (BF4)
Information on tone lever related timbre 118. Parallel in-parallel out buffer register 84 (BF5
) contains expression pedal-related volume information 1
19, event l-relative time information 120 is distributed and read out to the counter 85 (CT3).

The controlling processor 92 reads the commands from the memory 91 and uses the command signals 113, 114, 1.15 from the memories 94, 95, . Controls counter 88 (CT2) and shift controller 1 to roll register 90 (SCR). The serial in-parallel out shift register 86 (SR4) is provided to perform modifications such as automatic modulation and tempo changes, which will be explained later. )teeth! ! This is to perform a buffering effect when transferring information to the main body of the electronic musical instrument.

In the AND gate 89, the clock pulse φ
3 is controlled, and its output signal 125 becomes a shift control signal for shift registers 86 and 87, and simultaneously counted by counter 88. Counter 88 clears register 90 with its ripple clock signal 127.

In order to reproduce the performance information, first, a signal from event 1 to relative time ΔT1 is read out to a counter 85 (CT,), and this counter 85 is counted down using a clock pulse φ2. This counter 85 receives a clock pulse φ
2, and the signal (underflow signal) whose content becomes "0" is sent to the controller 10 setter 92 as an information request signal, that is, a request data signal 121. The control processor 92 receives this signal 1.
21, the contents of the event matrix are first checked starting from the address indicated by the event check word, and the parallel in-serial out shift registers 1 to 87 (SR3) and buffer registers 82 to 84 (BF, to It instructs the memory 95 to write the status word to BF5). Also, counter 8
Similarly, T2 is counted down to the relative time, and the contents of the registers 87, 82 to 84, which have been written, are held until the contents become zero. In this way, the counter 85 counts the event relative time to detect an event, and the status word containing the event bit corresponding to the event is read out, thereby reproducing information related to pitch, timbre, effect, and tempo. It becomes possible.

The shift registers 86 and 87 have four operating modes: clock inhibit, right shift, left shift, and parallel load, and these controls are independently controlled by the signal 128 from the shift control I/roll register 90. It will be done. In addition, during the operation mode of shift registers 86 and 87, (a) the clock in bit cuts off the clock input and the data contents do not change, (III>Right shift states that the data is shifted to the right I\\, (c) Left shift indicates a state in which data is shifted to the left, and (d) parallel load indicates a state in which parallel data is input from the outside.

Now, to describe the operation of transferring the keyboard information 124 to the buffer register 81, (1) load the shift register 87 in parallel, (2) write a status word as predetermined information to the shift register 87, and (3) counter 8
8, i.e. shift 1 to register 86.
The number of bits 87 is written and the shift register 86,87 is placed in the right shift mode by the shift l-control register 90, and the counter 88 is enabled to count down. This transfer and counting is performed by clock 125.

-34-1 In this case, the ripple clock signal 127 generated when the transfer is completed and the counter 88 goes to O clears the shift control I-roll register 90 and stops the operation of the counter 88 and shift I-registers 86 and 87. The above operations are related to faithful reproduction, but if modulation-modified reproduction is required, the following may be performed.

First, let us consider the case of transposing. In this case, the above (1
) to (3), the shift 1 to register 86 contain key information in a normal state. However, since each pitch of the shift register 86 corresponds accurately to the information of each weight, for example, in order to transpose the key a semitone higher, it is only necessary to shift the contents of the register 86 to shift 1 by one bit to the right. That will happen. That is, depending on how many pitches the contents of the shift register 86 are shifted to the right or left, the number of pitches to be transposed to the treble side or to the bass side is determined.

However, in order to perform the specified transposition, it is necessary to
Following the operation of (a)), a predetermined shift number (the number of degrees to be modulated) is written to the counter 88, the mode of the f51 shift register 86 is set to right shift or left shift according to the predetermined modulation direction, and the shift 1 ~ Set register 87 to clock input I mode and set counter 88 to clock input I mode.
- Make it possible.

In addition, by rearranging the contents of the shift register 86 in a completely reverse order, it is possible to obtain a very special effect as if the left and right of the keyboard were played completely reversed, and this is called reverse keying. . If this reverse rotation is necessary, use the above (
In 3), the shift register 87 is set to the right shift mode, and the shift register 86 is set to the left shift I mode, and the same operations are performed thereafter.

Next, let us consider the case of performing modified playback that changes the tempo of a song. In order to change the tempo of the song, it is sufficient to change the event relative time ΔT related to the keyboard information. Zunawachi, 8T
Changing △T will change the speed at which the key (note) changes; increasing △T will slow down the tempo, and changing △T short will speed up the tempo. For this purpose, the frequency of the clock pulse φ2 of the counter 85 may be varied and manually controlled. That is, for example, if the frequency of the clock pulse φ2 for the counter 85 is shifted higher, the request data signal 121 is outputted from the counter 85 faster. Shift 1 to register 87, counter 88, and register 90 change quickly in status words.

In addition, as another method, the control I~role processor 92
, the event relative time △T is multiplied by an arbitrary constant α, and 8T
A similar purpose can be achieved by writing the value of '-αΔT into the counter 85. Information related to pitch and tempo is read out to the buffer register 81 as described below.

On the other hand, information related to effects, timbre, and volume are read into buffer registers 82, 83, and 84, respectively, at every change (event) time indicated by the relative time signal.

In the end, each buffer register 81 to 84 reproduces the digital performance information of the array position and control state of the corresponding operator on the main body of the electronic musical instrument I, so the contents of each register are transferred to the corresponding contacts Y, -Y4. By periodically distributing and supplying the clock pulse φ2, musical tone information corresponding to the stored performance information can be reproduced through the electronic musical instrument main body I.

In the embodiment, the memory 94 is replaced by a disk,
Of course, it is possible to use a known storage device such as a semiconductor memory, magnetic tape, or optical card, and the internal logic circuit configuration of the information processing device is not limited to the embodiment described in 1. Accordingly, various circuits solved by Boolean algebra can be substituted. Furthermore, it will be obvious that a known computer may be applied to the information processing device (1) without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

As described above, according to the above embodiment, the following excellent effects are expected.

(1) Since digital performance information is detected, stored, and reproduced in accordance with the displacement of a plurality of operators, extremely faithful performance reproduction is possible, and modification reproduction can also be performed as appropriate.

(2) By digitally processing a huge amount of performance information, the storage capacity of the performance information storage device can be reduced.

(3) By not extracting digital performance information from any of the operators, the performer's hands are not required at all during playback, and even an unskilled user of electronic musical instruments can reproduce a completely automatic performance.

During group playback, for example, by making Cera 1 play back only keyboard-related information and not playing other tone, volume, and effect-related information, or vice versa, in accordance with automatic playback, Performance information that is not automatically reproduced can be given to the electronic musical instrument main body I by other performers, thereby helping in performance practice, composing, or arranging activities.

(5) During playback, the tempo and key of the song can be changed arbitrarily, so musical instrument performances can be played back at various tempos and keys using only one type of performance information.

The electric musical instrument equipped with the automatic performance device of the above embodiment having such functions and effects can be used, for example, for demonstration unmanned performance of electronic musical instruments, simulation of electronic musical instruments,
It is extremely useful when applied to a performance training system for electronic musical instruments.

In addition, above, an example was described in which the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument equipped with a keyboard, but it is also possible to input keyboard information from the outside without having a keyboard, and generate a musical tone signal using the keyboard information input from the outside. It will be obvious that the present invention can also be applied to such electronic musical instruments.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic performance device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2a and 2b are
The configuration diagrams of the A-D converter for angular displacement members used in Example 1, Figures 3a and 3b are detailed configuration diagrams of the A-D converter described in "-", and in detail, the top view of the code plate and Part III
A sectional view taken along line B-111B, FIGS. 4a and 4b are wiring diagrams of the analog electronic switch circuit used in the above embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing details of the performance information processing device of the apparatus shown in FIG. 6a and 6b are diagrams for explaining the information processing operation of the apparatus shown in FIG. 5. FIG. Explanation of symbols ■...Electronic musical instrument body, ■...Performance information processing device, 1
...Tone generator, 2...Electronic switch for I board, 3-5...Tone circuit, 6-8...Electronic switch for tone lever, 9...Mixing circuit, 10...For expression electronic switch, 11...output amplifier,
12... Speaker, 13... Electronic switch for vibrato, 14... Vibrato oscillator, 15... Push button signal generator, 16... Keyboard signal generator, 17...
- Tone lever signal generator, 18... Pedal signal generator, 21... Performance information compression detection device, 22... Storage device, 23... Performance information reproducing device, 24... Control device, 6 ],,85.88...Counter,71. ．． 72
, 74, 81-84, 86.87.90...shift register, 62-65...event detection circuit, 73...
・Exclusive or gate, 91...read-only memory,
92... Control processor, 94... Cassette tape memory, 93.95... First in first out memory, 133. ], 4.3・−41,− ・・Switching circuit. Applicant Nippon Musical Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Teru Hase - (1 other person) Figure 2a Figure 2b Figure 3b Figure 6b

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) a musical tone signal forming means for forming a musical tone signal of a frequency according to supplied pitch information; and a tone of the musical tone signal formed by the musical tone signal forming means;
An electronic musical instrument having an operator for controlling at least one musical tone element among volume and effect, comprising: a storage means for storing operator performance information representing an operating state of the operator that changes over time; and the storage means. output means for sequentially outputting memory operator performance information stored in the controller over time; and supplying operator performance information based on operations of the operator to the musical tone signal forming means to generate a musical tone using the operator performance information. determining whether to control the musical tone element of the signal, or to supply the memory operator performance information output from the output means to the musical tone signal forming means and to control the musical tone element of the musical tone signal using the memory operator performance information. An electronic musical instrument with an automatic performance device, characterized in that it is equipped with a selection means for selecting. (2) a keyboard that is made up of a plurality of keys and specifies the pitch of a musical tone signal to be generated; a musical tone signal forming means that forms a musical tone signal of the pitch specified by the keyboard; and the musical tone signal forming means The timbre of the musical tone signal formed,
An electronic musical instrument having an operator that controls at least one musical tone element among volume and effect, keyboard performance information and an operator each representing each key of the keyboard and each operating state of the operator that change over time. storage means for storing performance information; output means for sequentially outputting stored keyboard performance information and storage operator performance information stored in the storage means over time; keyboard performance information based on operations of the keyboard; is supplied to the musical tone signal forming means to control the pitch of the musical tone signal using the keyboard performance information, or the stored keyboard performance information outputted from the output means is supplied to the musical tone signal forming means to perform the stored keyboard performance. a first selection means for selecting whether to control the pitch of the musical tone signal based on the information; and supplying operator performance information based on the operation of the operator to the musical tone signal forming means, and controlling the musical tone signal using the operator performance information. Selecting whether to control the musical tone element or to supply the memory operator performance information output from the output means to the musical tone signal forming means and control the musical tone element of the musical tone signal using the memory operator performance information. An electronic musical instrument with an automatic performance device, characterized in that the electronic musical instrument is equipped with a second selection means.