JPS62256293A - Automatic playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain transposition and modulation to an optional key code at the reproduction by providing a key board playing information change means applying a change control in the unit of a key to key board playing information representing keys parted toward a high or a low frequency tone by a desired number of keys. CONSTITUTION:A shift register 87 is loaded in parallel to write a status word as prescribed information into the register 87. Bit number is written in registers 86, 87 and the registers 86, 87 are brought into the shift right mode by a shift control register 90 to count down a counter 88. In this case, how many degrees are to be modulated toward the high frequency or low frequency tone depending whether how many bits of the content of the register 86 are to be shifted right or left, is decided. In applying a prescribed modulation, a prescribed shift num ber is written in the counter 88. The register 86 is set to the shift right or left mode according to the prescribed modulation direction, the register 87 is brought into the clock-in bit mode to count the counter 88.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an automatic performance device that reproduces musical instrument sounds based on performance information stored during the performance of a keyboard-type electric instrument, and particularly relates to The present invention relates to an automatic performance device that reproduces musical instrument sounds based on performance information stored in a compressed form, which includes keyboard performance information representing keys operated on a keyboard and relative time information representing time intervals between key operations.

<Prior art> Conventionally, this type of device has been used, for example, in the University of Utah doctoral thesis rEL.
ECTR, 0NIC5, MUSICAND COMP
UTER8by Alan Con w ay
As shown in Ashton J (published in August 1970), 1. A computer with a built-in memory that stores performance information in a compressed form is connected to an electronic organ, and a computer is connected to it. Measures the key operation time interval based on the relative time information constituting the performance information through program processing in , and each time the measurement ends, keyboard performance information representing the key operated on the keyboard, which is the same performance information, is generated. The digital performance information is output to the organ interface either as is or after being changed in units of octaves, and the organ interface controls the 1-1 generator in the electronic organ based on this digital performance information to reproduce the musical instrument sound.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above-mentioned conventional device, the stored keyboard performance information is output to the organ interface either as is or after being changed in octave units, and this output keyboard performance information is Since the musical instrument sound is played back based on It was not possible to change a piece of music played in the key of C to the key of D or G during playback.

The purpose of this invention is to transpose to any key during playback,
The present invention aims to provide an automatic performance device that allows key modulation.

(L stage for solving the problems) In order to achieve the above object, the feature of the present invention is that a series of performance information stored in a storage device is operated using a keyboard. In an automatic performance device that reproduces musical instrument sounds based on performance information consisting of keyboard performance information representing a key pressed and relative time information representing a time interval between key operations, reading and outputting means for sequentially reading and outputting the keyboard performance information stored in the storage device at each relative time; and reading and outputting means for sequentially reading and outputting the keyboard performance information stored in the storage device, and reading and outputting the read and outputted keyboard performance information for a desired number of keys from the key represented by the keyboard performance information. keyboard performance information changing means for controlling changes in keyboard performance information representing keys that are separated from each other to the treble side or bass side in units of one key; and a musical instrument sound based on the keyboard performance information changed by the keyboard performance information changing means. and a reproducing means for reproducing the.

(Operation of the Invention) In the present invention configured as described above, the keyboard performance information changing means reads out the I keyboard performance information from the storage device and converts it to a desired number of keys from the key represented by the keyboard performance information. Since the keyboard performance information representing the keys that are distant from the treble side or the bass side is changed in units of one key, and the reproduction means reproduces the instrument sound based on this changed keyboard performance information, the generated instrument sound at the time of playback is The pitch of the sound is shifted by a desired number of keys in units of one key on the keyboard, that is, by a desired key pitch at semitone intervals, compared to that during performance. As a result, it becomes possible to modulate or transpose the music to any key during playback.

(Effects of the Invention) As can be understood from the above description of the operation, in the reproduction of musical instrument sounds according to the present invention, it is possible to transpose or change the key of a piece of music to any key. You can enjoy music that has been modulated or transposed to the key of Furthermore, if this device is used for educational purposes, students will be able to experience the musical effects of modulation and transposition.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is applied to an automatic performance system for an electronic musical instrument will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an electronic musical instrument automatic performance system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where ■ is an electronic musical instrument body that operates according to digital performance information corresponding to the displacement of an operable controller, and ■ is an electronic musical instrument. This is a performance information processing device that processes the digital performance information obtained from 1 and sends it again to the electronic musical instrument I.

First, the configuration and operation of the electronic musical instrument I will be described.

Consisting of a plurality of oscillators that generate polycrystalline harmonic signals with rich harmonic components, such as square wave signals and sawtooth wave signals,
A plurality of polycrystalline harmonic sound source signals 31 from the electronic keyboard switch 2 (E(-+
). A signal generator 16 that generates a digital keyboard signal according to the displacement of each weight of the keyboard to the switch is connected to this electronic switch 2 via a switch SW2.
6= Each switching element of the electronic switch 2 is controlled according to digital performance information related to pitch and tempo. The polycrystalline harmonic sound source signal 32 selected or switched according to the pitch and tempo is sent to the timbre circuits 3 to 5 (TCP, -TC) each including a timbre filter or a Forman I filter.
Here, the musical tone signal 33 is waveform-shaped according to the filtering characteristics of the tone circuits 3 to 5, and is given the frequency spectrum of each flute-type, string-type, and reed-type tone, for example. Output as .34.35. The musical tone signals 33 to 35 are each connected to a tone lever electronic switch 6.
~8 (EC, ~EC5) are transmitted to the mixing circuit 9 as musical tone signals 36 to 38 whose amplitudes are controlled between the 0 level and the input level. I-on lever 1 corresponding to each electronic switch Sochi 6-8. A digital I-on lever signal generator 17 having l-L3 provides a switch control digital signal corresponding to the displacement of each I-on lever to each electronic switch 6-8 via switch SW3. That is, the displacement of the levers 1 and 1 to I-3 can be operated in four stages from the minimum value to the maximum value in accordance with the content of the performance. )
, for example, when the displacements of the levers 1 to 1-73 are set to low, medium, and high, respectively, the flute, string, and reed musical tone signals 33 to 35 are set to low, medium, and high, respectively. Musical tone signals 36-3 with corresponding amplitudes
It can be changed to 8. Of course, it is also possible to set one tone lever to the zero position so that the corresponding one musical tone signal is not output.

A mixed output signal 39 obtained by mixing the musical tone signals 36 to 38 whose amplitudes have been controlled in this manner in the mixing circuit 9 (MC) is sent to the output amplifier 11 via the expression electronic switch 10 (ECr).

A pedal signal generator 18 having an expression pedal P converts the displacement of the pedal P into a corresponding digital signal, and is connected via a switch SW4 to an electronic switch 10 that activates a switching element responsive to this digital pedal signal. Ru.

The element switch 10 provides a mixed output 40 whose amplitude is controlled in response to a digital signal corresponding to pedal displacement. An amplified musical tone signal 41 from output amplifier 11 receiving this mixed output 40 is converted into an acoustic signal by speaker 12.

By the way, to the tone generator 1, vibrators 1 to oscillators 1.4 (VO) are connected via an electronic switch 13 (EC2) in order to obtain a vibrato effect by vibrato modulating the polycrystalline harmonic sound source signal. There is. A push-button signal generator 15 having a push-button switch B that is operated when a vibrato effect is desired is provided, and a digital signal obtained from this signal generator 15 is guided to an electronic switch 13 via a switch SW. Let them be in control.

In the above case, the operators operated during performance include the vibrato push button switch B, the key switch, and the like.
lever 1. , 1-48. Although the expression pedal P is shown as an example, it is clear that some types of electronic musical instruments have many more operators, and the above-mentioned digital performance method can be applied to all of these operators as necessary. be.

In any case, the electronic musical instrument I based on the two-note structure has all the digital performance information, i.e., pitch and tempo, obtained by the player's operation of each operator.

Musical tone information corresponding to digital performance information related to timbre, volume, and various effects can be obtained from the speaker 12.

Therefore, here, conventional electronic musical instruments and 1! I would like to comment on the digital performance control means, which is different from f.

Push-button switch B for Vibler I effect [Since mechanical switches can be used for both of the switches, which have two states of on and off, the respective signal generators 15 and 16 are turned on and off by these switches. It may be possible to take out the on/off output from the open (7) circuit that is turned off.

Since each tone lever lever 1 to L'4 takes four different positions, an AD converter is provided to convert the angular displacement of the lever into a digital signal. Same 1. An A-D converter is provided to convert the displacement of the expression pedal P into a digital signal as shown in FIG.

An example of these A/D converters is shown in Figures 2a and 2b. Fig. 2a shows an A-reverse converter for the tone lever, in which a 2-bit encoder 131 is coupled to a rotary switch 130 having four contacts corresponding to the four angular positions of the tone lever. The displacement state can be converted into a 2-bit binary signal. 2nd b
The figure shows an A-D converter for an expression pedal, and a rotary switch 140 having 16 contacts is connected to the input side of a 4-bit encoder 141.
Since the displacement of the pedal is usually converted into an angular displacement, the angular displacement is quantized into 16 steps by the rotary switch Sochi 140, and the angular displacement of 1611I steps is quantized by the encoder 14.
1, it is converted into a 4-bit binary signal.

FIGS. 3a and 3b exemplify the detailed configuration of an A-D converter relating to the connection between the rotary switch and the encoder. The A-D converter in this example is for a 1- to -on lever (2-pitch), but it is clear from the following explanation that the one for a pedal (4-bi-soto) may be constructed in the same way. It will be. A shaft 150 is rotatably attached to a fan-shaped code plate 151 having a cover 152. This shaft 150 is given an angular displacement by a lever,
A supporting member 153 is fixed to the rotating shaft 150 by a sliding member 154 and a pair of nuts 155. The sliding member 154 has contacts 15 electrically insulated from each other.
9, 1, and 60 are attached, and the pair of contacts of 4 are connected to the inputs of Nando game 1, 160a, and 60b, respectively. On the surface of the code plate 151, two arc-shaped insulating layers 156 and 157 are juxtaposed in the radial direction, and on each insulating layer, ground metal layers 158a to 158c are formed in the shape shown in the figure.

In the A-D converter having such a configuration, the Nant gate 16
A potential V c is applied to each input terminal of 0'a and 160b via a resistor.
The sliding member 154 is rotated by rotating the rotary shaft 150 with a tone lever with a resistor and a capacitor interposed between it and the ground to give a
When the Nant gate output terminals T, T2 take four different angular positions, 2 bits (4 states) are set at the Nant gate output terminals T, T2.
A binary signal can be obtained.

Regarding the electronic switches 6 to 8.10, which are each controlled by the output digital signals of these signal generators 17.18, although these electronic switches are controlled by digital signals, they change the input analog signal to the output side according to the control signal. It is an analog switch for transmitting data to the LAN, and can have a configuration as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, for example.

FIG. 4a shows the electronic switches 6.7. used in correspondence with the A-D converter of FIG. 2a, already illustrated for the tone lever. or 8, for example, a solid-state switching circuit 133 consisting of switching elements 81 to S4 such as field effect transistors, a voltage dividing resistor circuit 134 with a tap connected to the input terminal of this circuit, and a control input terminal of the circuit 133. The decoder 132 is connected to the decoder 132. Now, apply one of the musical tone signals 33 to 35 to the input 13 terminal To,
The converter output terminals T, , T2 of Fig. 2a are connected to the terminals T, , T2.
If a 2-bit binary signal is applied from , one of the switching elements 81 to S4 is turned on according to the binary signal, thereby creating a four-step difference between the input level and the 0 level. A musical tone signal 36, 37 or 38 having a certain amplitude level can be obtained at the output terminal Q. Fig. 4b shows a 4-bit analog electronic switch used in correspondence with the converter shown in Fig. 2b, which outputs the divided voltage output from each tap of the voltage dividing resistor circuit 144 from which musical tone signals are output, to the 4-bit decoder. A solid-state switching circuit 143 including switching elements 81 to S16 controlled by the output, which is applied to the decoder human power T1 to T4.
It will be readily understood that the electronic switch is adapted to be selected in response to a bit binary signal and functions similarly to the electronic switch of FIG. 4a.

The switches SW1 to SW4 are for switching between actual performance by the player of the electronic musical instrument I and automatic performance by the information processing device H, and their movable contacts are normally linked. When this automatic performance device is applied to a training system, etc. which will be described later, it is not necessarily necessary to link the automatic performance device. When the movable contacts of the switch 5VVl"SW4 are brought into contact with the contacts X1 to X4, respectively, as shown in the figure,
The performer presses the tone lever on the movable operator of the electronic musical instrument (1), that is, the key switch on the keyboard, and presses the tone lever 1 to L3. As you operate the expression pedal P, vibrato switch B, etc. according to the performance content, digital performance information is transferred to each contact point X1~
X4, and musical tones or acoustic information corresponding to this digital performance information is obtained from the speaker 12.

Next, the configuration and operation of the performance information processing device H will be described.

In FIG. 1, digital performance information 46 consisting of digital signals 42 to 45 obtained from contacts X and X4 is as follows:
A compressed digital signal containing a change (event) in the performance state and a relative time signal indicating the relative time between the changes is transferred to the information compression detection device 2 (TDD). The digital performance information 47 of the shape is stored in the memory bag M22 (MEM). This storage device 2
The stored contents of 2 are read out to the information reproducing device 23 (IRD) as digital information 48, reproduced as performance information 49 in an uncompressed form, and distributed and supplied to the other contacts Y1 to Y4 of each switch. A control device 24 (CD) is provided that controls the operations of these devices 21 to 23 using control signals 54 to 56, respectively. In this embodiment, the information compression/detection device 21 and the information reproducing device 23 are provided so that the digital performance information obtained from the electronic musical instrument I is not directly stored and reproduced by the storage device 22.
This is to allow a huge amount of digital performance information to be stored using a storage device with as low a storage capacity as possible.

By configuring the performance information processing device (2) in this way, the movable contacts of the switches SW1 to SW4 are set at the positions x1 to The digital performance information 48 is stored as performance information 47, and after the performance is finished, the movable contacts of the switches SW1 to SW4 are inserted into the Y1 to ¥4 sides, and the digital performance information 48 is read out from the memory bag ff22 by the information reproducing device 23 and reproduced. By distributing to each contact point Y1 to Y+, the electronic musical instrument I
can be played automatically and unattended. In this case, for example, without turning switch SW2 to the Y2 contact side,
Wl, SW3, SW4 are respectively Y, , Y3. It is also possible to input it to the Y4 contact side to automatically reproduce only the performance information related to the vibrato effect, 1--tone (timbre) control, and expression (timbre) control, so that the player only plays the keyboard.

As is clear from the above description, some terms used in this specification will be defined here.

In other words, (11rtM production) refers to keys, tone levers, volume adjustment knobs, vibrato effect levers, expression pedals, etc. that the performer operates according to the content of the performance during performance. (2) [Digital performance information] It refers to the amount of displacement or the state of displacement of the control element converted into a corresponding digital amount. For example, this information is a 256-bit binary signal. (
31 "Event" refers to a change in the state of a control between the current scanning time and the previous state scanning time when detecting the state of the control. 141 "
"Relative time" refers to the time interval between one event and the previous event, and is indicated by Δ1'. (5) "Status word" refers to digital performance information expressed as a key code or serial bit corresponding to the status of a plurality of blocks of operators. (6) ``Event check word'' refers to digital information indicating the address of the block where the event occurred. (7) “Compressed information”
refers to information including status words, event check words, and digital information indicating relative time, and one of the features of the present invention is that a huge amount of performance information is processed by a combination of such multiple pieces of information. .

The specific configuration and operation of the performance information processing device 11 will be explained below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, each digital performance information signal 42 and 45
The contacts X1 to X4 that lead to the event detection circuit 62 respectively
~65 (EDC, ~EDC4). These event detection circuits 62 - 65 compare digital information regarding the corresponding operators at regular time intervals, detect events as data changes, and send the results to the control processor 92 .

Here, as a representative example, an event detection circuit 62 that detects an event related to a keyboard, that is, a change in the playing state of the keyboard will be described. A digital signal 43 corresponding to the displacement of the key switch obtained from the keyboard signal generator 16 is sequentially transferred to a parallel-in/serial-out shift register 71 every cycle of Tφ2=1/fφ2 by a clock pulse φ2.
(SR5). The keyboard information read out in a certain period is sequentially sent to the shift 1 to register 72 (SR2) of the serial input/parallel array at a period of Tφi−Tφ2/n (here, n=2', for example) by a clock pulse φl. Ru. The contents of shift 1 to register 72 are written to buffer register 74 (BP+) at the same time as this sequential transfer by L7 check pulse φ2. The digital signal indicating the playing state of each weight read out to the shift register 71 in the next cycle of the clock pulse φ2 is combined with the digital signal indicating the playing state of each weight in the previous cycle, that is, the contents of the shift register 72, at the exclusive OR gate 73. Each corresponding key is compared bit by bit. If even one bit does not match in this comparison, exclusive OR gate 73 produces an output, and this output is temporarily stored in flip-flop 75 (FF).

In other words, if there is a difference in the digital signals compared in exclusive or games 1 to 73, even by one pitch, the performance state change (on or off) is applied to one of the key switches.
This means that event 1-) has occurred. The flip-flop 75 has its output terminal connected to its input terminal for feedback, and the exclusive OR gate 73
If there is an event bit 1- even if it is 1 bit I~ in the comparison result, the stored content will eventually become that event bit. For example, for simplicity, exclusive OR gate 73 compares 16-bit digital signals, and the result is r 00
01000000000000 J, the memory contents of the flip-flop are I' 00011.11
], 111 ], ], ], 11J, and finally "1" is stored. For example, if the shift registers 71 and 72 are configured to store 256-bit keyboard performance information, the exclusive OR gate 73
The comparison in and the temporary storage in the flip-flop 75 are performed for each 16-bit block.
−Other shifts 1 to (not shown) with detection results for each (block)
It may also be temporarily stored in a register.

As can be seen, in this case, the information in the shift register (other registers not shown) corresponds to one event check word.

In any case, the stored contents of flip-flop 75 are guided to OR gate 66.

The input terminal of the OR gate 66 receives not only the event output of the keyboard event I/detection circuit 62 but also the event output of the detection circuit 62.
In parallel, the event outputs of the event detection circuits 63°64.65 of the other vibrat switches, 1-n levers, and expression pedals that perform similar detection operations are derived, and the result of OR logic is ant game = 1. - At 67, it is output as a storage request signal, ie, a request l-store signal 100, in synchronization with the clock pulse φ2.

Also provided is a counter 61 driven by clock pulse φ2 and cleared by the output CP of processor 92 (not shown in processor 9211!lI) to indicate the relative time between event signals. That is, the counter 61 constantly runs the clock pulse φ2, which is output from the control processor 92 upon generation of the refresh I store signal 100. Therefore, each detection circuit 62~
It is cleared every time an event signal is sent from 65.

In this way, the counter 61 is reset by the generation of an event signal, then counts clock pulse φ2, and immediately before being reset again by the generation of the next event signal, the counter l- value changes from the previous event signal generation to the current event signal. Corresponds to the time up to the time of occurrence. counter 6
A Callan I value of 1 represents the passage of time since the previous event signal was generated.

In this way, events regarding performance information (for example, 512 pips 1-) for all movable members are detected.

Based on Event 1 detected as above, Rifnis I.S! - The control 7" processor 92 (CP) is driven by the A signal 100. This controller 92 performs, for example, 8-bit parallel processing, and performs logical operations, arithmetic operations, data transfers, jumps, etc. In addition to the general functions of Read-on Memory 91 (R
The value of the program counter can be arbitrarily set using an external signal using instructions stored in the OM. That is, the control processor 92 (CP)
is the event relative time 101 of the counter 61 when the first-in-first-out memory store signal 100 is generated by the command signal 112 according to the command of the read-only memory 91 (ROM) in which information processing procedures or commands are stored in advance. , the contents 102 of the buffer register 74 and the contents 103-1 of the other detection circuits 63-65
05, in which detection results for every 16 bits are stored, and a word corresponding to a certain bit of "El" in the register is stored. Each time this storage is completed, the counter 61 and the flip-flop 75 are cleared by a clear pulse (zP), and the -order check is completed. Then, the following detection and storage operation is repeated over the entire playing process of the electronic musical instrument I. FIFO,') 3 is a type of temporary storage device that outputs information sequentially from the first inputted information, and the control processor 02 uses PIFO. The memories 93 and 94 are controlled by command signals 112 and 113 so as to periodically transfer the stored information 110 to the cassette tape memory 94 every time the stored content of the cassette tape memory 93 reaches a predetermined amount.

In this way, all performance information is stored on the cassette tape in the cassette tape memory 94 as a compressed digital signal containing a change in the performance state when the change occurs, and a relative time signal indicating the relative time between the changes. The information is stored in the form of a compressed event matrix (i.e., a data format of compressed information). In this case, it is extremely useful to provide the FIFO memory 93 before the memory 94 in order to store irregular compressed information in the simple memory 94 capable of long-term storage. Furthermore, storing such a huge amount of performance information in compressed form requires memory 93.94.
It is understood that this is extremely effective in reducing the storage capacity of the computer. For example, in an automatic performance system that displays all performance information as a 512-bit binary signal,
The only thing that changes during the actual performance is a few ten pitches at most.
Considering this, it is clear that the bipedal compression detection storage method plays an important role in reducing the storage capacity, thereby simplifying the entire device and reducing costs.

The structure and operation of the system for compressing, detecting and storing digital performance information have been described above. Next, the structure and operation of the system for reproducing the stored digital performance information will be described.

=25- Kasetsu? - In the tape memory 94, the compressed digital performance information includes event relative times ΔT1 to ΔTn and an event check word indicating the address of the buffer register where the event occurred, as shown in FIGS. 6a and 61). , and a status word indicating the contents of the buffer register at the time of the event. These event matrix information 111 are sequentially and regularly stored in the farth 1 to inferth I, ara I, and buffer memories 95 (
FIFO2). This read operation is controlled by a control processor 92 using a command signal 113.

114 is used.

In this performance information reproducing device, a parallel-in/serial-out shift register 87 (SR
3) includes keyboard-related pitch performance information 116, parallel in-parallel out buffer register 82 (
B F3) includes vibrar 1-effect information 117, parallel in-parallel ara I buffer register 83
(13F4) contains timbre information 11 related to l/-n lever.
8. Expression pedal-related volume information 119 is distributed to the parallel in-parallel out buffer register 84 (BF5), and event relative time information 120 is read out to the counter 85 (C:T3). There is.

The control I/roll processor 92 reads the commands from the memory 91 and receives command signals 113, 114 . ], ]5 respectively to the memory 94. ．． 95. Control register 90 (SCR, ) to counter 88 (CTz) and shift 1. The shift register 86 (SR4) of the serial in-parallel array I is provided to perform modifications such as automatic modulation and changing the tempo, which will be explained later. 81<BF2) is for buffering when transferring keyboard information to the electronic musical instrument. anime game
1.89, the supply of the clock pulse φ3 is controlled according to the command signal read out to the shift control register 90, and the output signal 125 is sent to the shift 1 to register 86.8.
The counter 88 counts at the same time as the shift l-control signal of 7.

Counter 88 immediately clears register 90 with pull clock signal 127.

In order to reproduce the performance information, first, the signal of event I/relative time ΔT is read out to the counter 85 (C""3), and this counter 85 is down to count 1 by clock pulse φ2. is decremented by clock pulse φ2, and this content becomes 1'
The signal that becomes 0.1 (underflow signal) is sent to the control processor 92 as an information request signal, that is, a rifnis 1 to data signal 121. control processor 92
In response to this signal 121, the contents of the event matrix are first checked starting from the address indicated by the event check word, and the shift register 87 (SRq) and buffer register 82 of the parallel in-serial array having the corresponding address are checked. -84 Instructs the memory 95 to write the status word to (BF, ~13 F5). Further, the counter 85 similarly indicates the event relative time ΔT2
The contents of the registers 87, 82 to 84 that have been written are held until the contents become zero. In this way, the counter 85 counts the event relative time to detect an event, and by reading the event bit titus word corresponding to the event, the reproduction of information related to pitch, timbre, effect, and tempo is performed. It becomes possible.

The shift 1 registers 86 and 87 have four operating modes: clock input, right shift l-, left shift, and parallel load, and these controls are performed independently by signals 128 from shift 1 to control registers 90. be exposed. Note that during the operation modes of the shift registers 86 and 87, (a) clock input I is a state in which clock input is cut off and the data contents do not change, (t'l) right shift is a state in which data is shifted to the right, ( c) Left shift indicates a state in which data is shifted to the left, and (2) Parallel load indicates a state in which parallel data is input from the outside.

Now, to describe the operation of transferring the keyboard information 124 to the buffer register 81, (1) the shift register 87 is loaded in parallel, (2) the status word as predetermined information is written to the shift register 87, (3) the counter 88
The number of bits transferred to the shift register, i.e. 86.87
Write the number of pins 1 to 1 and shift register 86.87 to the right shift I/roll register 90.
mode and enables the counter 88 to run down. This transfer and counting is performed by clock 125.

In this case, when the transfer is complete and counter 88 reaches zero, the pull clock f word 127 clears shift l-control register 90, causing counter 88 and shift registers 86, 87 to cease operation. The above operations are related to faithful reproduction, but if modulation-modified reproduction is required, the following may be performed.

First, let us consider the case of transposing. In this case, the above (1
As a result of the operations 1 to (3), the key information is stored in the shift register 86 in a normal state. However, since each bit of the shift register 86 accurately corresponds to the information of each weight, for example, in order to transpose the key a semitone higher, it is sufficient to shift the contents of the shift register 86 to the right by 1 pi. Become. That is, it is determined how many bits the contents of the shift register 86 are to be shifted to the right or to the left and how many times to the bass side.

However, in order to perform the specified modulation, the above-mentioned (1) to (3)
), further (a) write a predetermined shift number (number of degrees to be modulated) into the counter 88, and (5)
The shift register 86 is set to right shift I or left shift according to a predetermined modulation direction, and the shift register 87
It is sufficient to put the counter 88 into the clock-in-bit mode and enable the counter 88.

Furthermore, by rearranging the contents of the shift register 86 in a completely reverse order, it is possible to obtain a very special effect as if the keyboard was played with the left and right sides completely reversed, and this is called reverse keying. If this reverse rotation is necessary, please write
In 3), the shift I register 87 is set to the right shift mode, and the shift register 86 is set to the left shift mode, and the same operations are performed thereafter.

Next, let us consider the case of performing modified playback that changes the tempo of a song. In order to change the tempo of the song, it is sufficient to change the event relative time ΔT related to the keyboard information. That is, eight T
Changing the 8T will change the speed at which the key (sound) changes; making the 8T longer will slow down the tempo, and shifting the 8T shorter will speed up the tempo. To do this, the frequency of the clock pulse φ2 of the counter 85 is made variable and the manual controller l-
All you have to do is roll. That is, for example, if the frequency of the clock pulse φ2 to the counter 85 is increased, the request data signal 121 is outputted from the counter 85 faster. Therefore, the status words written to the shift register 87, counter 88, and register 90 change quickly.

Also, as another method, the controller/roll processor 92
The same purpose can be achieved by multiplying the event relative time Δ'F by an arbitrary constant α and writing the value of 8T'-αΔ' into the counter 85. As described above, information related to pitch and tempo is read to the buffer register 81.

On the other hand, information related to effects, timbre, and volume are read into buffer registers 82, 83, and 84, respectively, at every change (event) time indicated by the relative time signal.

In the end, each buffer register 81 to 84 reproduces the digital performance information of the array position and operation state of the corresponding controller of the electronic musical instrument, so the contents of each register are transferred to the corresponding contacts Y and -Y4 by clock pulses. By periodically distributing and supplying the information using φ2, it becomes possible to reproduce musical tone information corresponding to the stored performance information through the electronic musical instrument I.

In the first embodiment, it is possible to use a known storage device such as a disk, semiconductor memory, magnetic tape, or optical card in place of the memory 94, and also to use a logic circuit inside the information processing device H. The configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and various circuits solved by Boolean algebra may be substituted as desired. Furthermore, it will be obvious that a known computer may be applied to the information processing bag NH without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

As described above, the following excellent effects are expected according to the above embodiments.

(1) Since digital performance information is detected, stored, and reproduced according to the displacement of a plurality of operators, extremely faithful performance reproduction is possible, and modification reproduction can also be performed as appropriate.

(2) By digitally processing a huge amount of performance information, the storage capacity of the performance information storage device can be reduced.

(3) Since the digital performance information is not collected from any of the operators, the performer's hands are not required at all during playback, and even an unskilled user of an electronic musical instrument can reproduce a completely automatic performance.

(4) During playback, for example, by playing only keyboard-related information and not playing other tones, volume, and effect-related information, or vice versa, you can synchronize with automatic playback. This allows other performers to provide performance information that is not automatically played back to the electronic musical instrument.
This can assist in performance practice, composition, or arrangement activities.

(5) During playback, the tempo and key of the song can be changed arbitrarily, so musical instrument performances can be played back at various tempos and keys using only one type of performance information.

The automatic performance device of the above embodiment having such effects is extremely useful when applied to, for example, unmanned demonstration performances of electronic musical instruments, simulations of electronic musical instruments, performance training systems for electronic musical instruments, and the like.

Although the present invention has been specifically described above with respect to an automatic performance system for an electronic musical instrument, it is obvious that the present invention can also be applied to general keyboard instruments that can handle keyboard information digitally.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an automatic performance device for an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2a and 2b are block diagrams of an A-D converter for an angular displacement member used in the above embodiment, and FIG.
Figures a and 3b are detailed configuration diagrams of the A-D converter,
For details, see the top view of the code board and its 11th-111B
4a and 4b are wiring diagrams of analog electronic switch circuits used in the embodiments 1 to 6, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing details of the performance information processing device of the apparatus shown in FIG. 6a and 6b are diagrams for explaining the information processing operation of the apparatus shown in FIG. 5. FIG. Explanation of symbols■...Electronic musical instrument, 11...Performance information processing device, 1.
...Tone generator, 2...Electronic switch for keyboard, 3-5...Tone circuit, 6-8...1-electronic switch for lever, 9...Mixing circuit, 10...For expression electronic switch, 11...output amplifier,
12...Speaker, 13...Electronic switch for vibrato I,] 4...Vibrato oscillator, 15...Push button signal generator, 16...Keyboard signal generator, 17...
...Tone lever signal generator, 18... Pedal signal generator, 21... Performance information compression detection device, 22... Storage device, 23... Performance information reproducing device, 24... Control device, 61.85.88...Counter, 71,72.
74,81-84,86°87.90...Shift register, 62-65...Event detection circuit, 73...
Exclusive or gate, 91... Read only memory, 9
2...Control I/roll processor, 94...Cassette tape memory, 93.95...First-in first-out memory, 133, 143...Switching circuit. Agent Patent attorney Teru Hase - (1 other person) 371 Figure 2a Figure 2b Figure 6b

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A series of performance information stored in a storage device, comprising keyboard performance information representing keys operated on a keyboard and relative time information representing time intervals between key operations. Based on
In an automatic performance device that reproduces musical instrument sounds, readout output means sequentially reads and outputs keyboard performance information stored in the storage device for each relative time represented by the relative time information stored in the storage device; A keyboard that controls changing the readout and outputted keyboard performance information to keyboard performance information representing a key that is separated from the key represented by the keyboard performance information to the treble side or the bass side by a desired number of keys in units of one key. An automatic performance device comprising: performance information changing means; and reproduction means for reproducing musical instrument sounds based on the keyboard performance information changed by the keyboard performance information changing means.