JPS62215779A - Shelter for fire refuge - Google Patents
Shelter for fire refugeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62215779A JPS62215779A JP5832686A JP5832686A JPS62215779A JP S62215779 A JPS62215779 A JP S62215779A JP 5832686 A JP5832686 A JP 5832686A JP 5832686 A JP5832686 A JP 5832686A JP S62215779 A JPS62215779 A JP S62215779A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- room
- fire
- evacuation
- door
- shelter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
この発明は、地下溝漬物あるいは高層建築物等において
火災発生時、避難経路が火煙等により遮断され、安全地
域への避難が不可能となった場合予め建物内に配設され
、火災の鎮火あるいは救助隊の到着まで、緊急的に避難
するための火災避難用シェルタ−に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application This invention is applicable to fires occurring in underground ditches or high-rise buildings, where evacuation routes are blocked by fire and smoke, making it impossible to evacuate to a safe area. The present invention relates to a fire evacuation shelter that is installed in advance in a building and used for emergency evacuation until the fire is extinguished or a rescue team arrives.
従来の技術
一般に、火災発生時に多い事故は、建物から逃げる際に
避難経路が火煙により遮断され、逃げ場を失って起るも
のである。このため、従来、建物の適宜箇所に防火シャ
ッターを設け、煙等が広がるのを防止したり、あるいは
耐火構造のシェルタ−を設け、この内に一時的に避難す
るものがあった。しかし、防火シャッターは、火災の類
焼を防止するには有効なものであっても、火災箇所を閉
鎖するために、火災場所にいる人にとっては、避Ｍ場所
を失ってしまう危険もある。一方、これまでのシェルタ
−は、単に耐火構造としたものであるため、シェルタ−
の扉を開いた時に、シェルタ−内に煙が侵入し、ひどい
時には使用不能となる恐れがあると共に、酸素供給装置
や通信手段がないことが多く、長時間使用することは不
可能なものであった。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In general, many accidents occur when a fire breaks out, when the evacuation route is blocked by fire and smoke when escaping from a building, leaving the person with no place to escape. For this reason, conventionally, fire shutters have been installed at appropriate locations in buildings to prevent smoke from spreading, or fireproof shelters have been installed in which people can temporarily evacuate. However, although fire shutters are effective in preventing the spread of fire, since they close off the fire area, there is a risk that people in the fire area may lose shelter. On the other hand, conventional shelters have only a fireproof structure, so
When the door of the shelter is opened, smoke may enter the shelter, and in severe cases, it may become unusable. In addition, there are often no oxygen supply devices or means of communication, making it impossible to use the shelter for a long time. there were.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
この発明の目的は、火災発生時避難経路が火煙等により
遮断された際、緊急的に避難できる火災避難用シェルタ
−において、シェルタ−開時の煙等の侵入を防ぎ、しか
も多人数が入室しても長時間使用可能とすると共に、火
災状況がシェルタ−内でも把握できるようにした火災避
難用シェルタ−を提供することである。Problems to be Solved by the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire evacuation shelter that can be used for emergency evacuation when the evacuation route is blocked by fire smoke, etc. in the event of a fire outbreak, and to prevent the intrusion of smoke, etc. when the shelter is opened. To provide a fire evacuation shelter which can be used for a long time even when a large number of people enter the shelter, and which allows the fire situation to be grasped even inside the shelter.
問題点を解決するための手段
このような問題点を解決し、上記目的を達成するために
、この発明の火災避難用シェルタ−は、耐火性材料によ
り密閉された前室と避難室とからなり、前記前室に入室
用の気密、耐火性を有する扉を設けると共に、前室と避
難室間に気密、耐火性を有する扉を設け、これら扉の錠
装置に一方の扉がｆａｉｌ状態である時、他方の扉の錠
をロックするロック制御装置を設け、火災信号により作
動され、前記前室及び避難室に加圧空気を供給する加圧
空気供給装置を付設すると共に、避難室に酸素供給装置
、炭酸ガス除去装置、通信装置、外部監視装置等の安全
確保装置を備えたことを特徴とするものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve these problems and achieve the above objects, the fire evacuation shelter of the present invention consists of a front chamber and an evacuation chamber sealed with fire-resistant material. , an airtight, fire-resistant door is provided for entering the front room, and an air-tight, fire-resistant door is provided between the front room and the evacuation room, and one of the doors is in a fail state due to the locking device of these doors. At the same time, a lock control device is provided to lock the other door, and a pressurized air supply device is provided which is activated by a fire signal and supplies pressurized air to the front room and the evacuation room, and also supplies oxygen to the evacuation room. The device is characterized by being equipped with safety devices such as a device, a carbon dioxide removal device, a communication device, and an external monitoring device.
実施例 以下、図面に基づいて、この発明の実施例を詳述する。Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.
第１図は、この発明の一実施例の平面図であり、１は前
室、２は避難室である。これら前室１及び避難室２は、
鉄筋コンクリート、発泡コンクリート等の耐火性を有す
る材料にて作られた壁４により密閉された空間が形成さ
れたもので、地下構築物、あるいは高層建築物内の適宜
箇所に配設されるものである。そして、前室１には、入
室用の気密、耐火性の扉５が設けられると共に前室１と
避難室２との間にも前記扉５と同様の気密、耐火性の扉
６がｆｆ１Ｕｃプられている。これら扉５，６には錠装
置５ａ、６ａが設けられており、この錠装置５ａ、５ａ
には錠をロックするロック制御装置１５が設けられてお
り、ロック制御装置１５は、一方の扉、例えば扉６が開
状態にある時には扉５の錠をロックするように働くよう
リミットスイッチ等を介して互いに電気的に接続されて
いる。FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is a front room and 2 is an evacuation room. These front room 1 and evacuation room 2 are
A sealed space is formed by a wall 4 made of a fire-resistant material such as reinforced concrete or foamed concrete, and is installed at an appropriate location in an underground structure or a high-rise building. The front room 1 is provided with an airtight and fireproof door 5 for entry, and an airtight and fireproof door 6 similar to the door 5 is provided between the front room 1 and the evacuation room 2. It is being These doors 5, 6 are provided with locking devices 5a, 6a.
is provided with a lock control device 15 for locking the lock, and the lock control device 15 includes a limit switch or the like to lock the door 5 when one door, for example door 6, is in the open state. are electrically connected to each other through the
前室１及び避難室２の隣りには、これらと同様の耐火材
料の壁４にて形成される機械室３が付設されており、機
械室３内には、非常電源装置Ｇ。Adjacent to the front room 1 and the evacuation room 2, there is a machine room 3 formed of walls 4 made of the same fireproof material as these, and inside the machine room 3 is an emergency power supply unit G.
加圧装置Ｆ及び空気浄化装置Ｅが備えられている。A pressurizing device F and an air purifying device E are provided.
そして、空気浄化装置Ｅには、外気を導入するパイプ１
１が接続され、パイプ１２を介して加圧装置Ｆと連結し
ている。更に、加圧装置Ｆには、圧力センサー付バルブ
７を介して、前室１に配管されるパイプ１３及び圧力セ
ンサー付バルブ８を介して１．避難室２に配管されるパ
イプ１４がそれぞれ接続される。そして、加圧装置Ｆと
非常電源装置Ｇとを電気的に接続すると共に、火災検知
器１０等のような火災を知らせる信号発生装置と加圧装
置Ｆ及び非常電源装置Ｇのそれぞれを電気的に接続する
。The air purifier E has a pipe 1 that introduces outside air.
1 is connected to the pressurizing device F via a pipe 12. Further, the pressurizing device F is supplied with 1.1. The pipes 14 that are piped to the evacuation room 2 are connected to each other. Then, the pressurizing device F and the emergency power device G are electrically connected, and a signal generating device that notifies a fire, such as the fire detector 10, and the pressurizing device F and the emergency power device G are electrically connected. Connecting.
一方、避難室２内には、酸素ボンベあるいはＫＯ２等の
化学的酸素発生剤を備えた酸素発生装置Ａ、炭酸ガス除
去装ＣＢ及び外部送受信器つと有線もしくは無線により
接続する通信装置Ｃ＠：装備し、これらと非常電源装置
Ｇとを電気的に接続する。そして、酸素発生装置Ａ及び
炭酸ガス除去装置Ｂにそれぞれ、例えば０２Ｑ度が１６
％未満になったとき作動する濃度計と、ＣＯ２濃度３％
以上になった時作動する濃度計を取付け、これら濃度計
が非常電源装置Ｇよりの電力により駆動され、自動的に
酸素供給装置Ａ及び炭酸ガス除去装置Ｂを作動するよう
にして避難室２の環境を保全する。On the other hand, inside the evacuation room 2, there is an oxygen generator A equipped with an oxygen cylinder or a chemical oxygen generating agent such as KO2, a carbon dioxide removal device CB, and a communication device C that connects to an external transceiver by wire or wirelessly. Then, these and the emergency power supply device G are electrically connected. Then, for example, 02Q degree is 16
Concentration meter that activates when the CO2 concentration is less than 3%
Attach a concentration meter that activates when the temperature exceeds 100%, and these concentration meters are driven by the power from the emergency power supply G and automatically activate the oxygen supply device A and the carbon dioxide removal device B. Preserve the environment.
この発明の実施例は以上のような構成となっているため
に、火災が発生した際、火災検知器」０等からの信号に
より、加圧装置Ｆ及び非常電源装置ＧはＯＮとなり、加
圧装置Ｆは、非常電源装置Ｇからの電力を駆動源にして
作動し始め、空気浄化装置Ｆを介して外部より空気を吸
入し、加圧したのちその加圧空気をパイプ１３．１４を
介して前室１及び避難室２へ送入する。Since the embodiment of the present invention has the above-described configuration, when a fire occurs, the pressurization device F and the emergency power supply device G are turned on by a signal from the fire detector "0" etc., and the pressurization is stopped. The device F starts operating using electric power from the emergency power supply device G as a driving source, sucks air from the outside through the air purification device F, pressurizes it, and then sends the pressurized air through the pipes 13 and 14. Send to front room 1 and evacuation room 2.
このため、前室１及び避￥Ｉｔ！２内の空気圧は上昇す
るが、ある一定の圧力になると、バルブ７゜８のけンサ
ーが作動して、バルブ７．８を閉とし、これらの至１，
２内への圧力空気の送入を停止する。この際の、これら
の掌１，２内の空気圧は、例えば水柱５０〜１００ｍｍ
程度とし、しかも前室１内の圧力より避難室２内の圧力
の方を若干高くする。For this reason, the front room 1 and the evacuation It! The air pressure inside 2 increases, but when it reaches a certain level, the valve 7.8 is actuated to close the valve 7.8, and these
Stop supplying pressurized air into 2. At this time, the air pressure in these palms 1 and 2 is, for example, 50 to 100 mm of water column.
Moreover, the pressure in the evacuation chamber 2 is set to be slightly higher than the pressure in the front chamber 1.
このように、火災発生と共に、前室１及び避難室２内の
空気圧が加圧されたものとなっているため、例えば、避
難者が、前室の扉５を開く時、前室１内の空気は扉５よ
り外へ流れ、煙等が前室１内へ侵入するのを防止する。In this way, when a fire occurs, the air pressure in the front room 1 and the evacuation room 2 is pressurized, so for example, when an evacuee opens the door 5 of the front room, Air flows outside through the door 5 to prevent smoke and the like from entering the front chamber 1.
又、前室１内への入室時間が良く、前室１内の空気圧が
外部と平衡状態となっても扉５は一つしかないため気流
は生ぜず、煙等が侵入するのは拡散によるもののみで、
極めてわずかしかない。そして、避難者は前室１に入っ
た後、前室１の扉５を閉鎖し、次いで避難室２へ大空す
る。その時、前室１の空気圧は下っているために避難室
のｍ６を閤くと、避難室２内の空気が前室１側へ流出し
、もし、前室１内に煙等があっても、避難室２内へ、そ
の煙等が侵入することが防止され、避難者は清浄な空気
の１５！ｌｔ室２内へ避難することができる。In addition, even if the entry time into the front chamber 1 is good and the air pressure inside the front chamber 1 is in equilibrium with the outside, there is only one door 5, so no airflow is generated, and smoke, etc. enters due to diffusion. Only things,
There are very few. After entering the front room 1, the evacuee closes the door 5 of the front room 1, and then evacuates to the evacuation room 2. At that time, the air pressure in the front room 1 is decreasing, so when m6 of the evacuation room is opened, the air inside the evacuation room 2 flows out to the front room 1 side, and even if there is smoke etc. in the front room 1, This prevents the smoke from entering the evacuation room 2 and provides evacuees with clean air! You can evacuate to LT room 2.
ところで、前室１のｍ５と避難室２の屏６との錠５ａ、
６ａには、ロック制御装置１５が設けられ、これらは、
一方の完が間の時には、他方の扉の錠をロックするよう
になっているため、前室１の扉５が間の時には、避難室
２０扉６は開となり、元５．６が同時に開かれることは
なく、避５！（を室２内に、直接外部の煙等が侵入する
恐れはない。このように、避難室２の扉６が開の時に前
室１の扉５は開かないため、遅れてきた避難者が速やか
に入室できるように避難室２の＠６が開の時は、警告の
ための＠響や音−等を発生する装置を付設し、早く、確
実に扉６を閉じるような手段を設けるとよい。By the way, the lock 5a between m5 of the front room 1 and the folding screen 6 of the evacuation room 2,
6a is provided with a lock control device 15, these are:
When one door is in between, the other door is locked, so when door 5 of front room 1 is in between, evacuation room 20 door 6 will be open, and original 5.6 will be opened at the same time. Avoid being hit! (There is no risk of outside smoke, etc. directly entering room 2.) In this way, when door 6 of evacuation room 2 is open, door 5 of front room 1 is not opened, so late evacuees can When @6 of the evacuation room 2 is open, it is recommended to install a device that generates a sound or sound as a warning so that people can quickly enter the room, and provide a means to quickly and securely close the door 6. good.
一方、避難室２内には、酸素供給装置Ａ及び炭酸ガス除
去装置Ｂが装備されて、それらに取イ」けられた濃度計
により避難室２内の０２濃度、もしくはＣ０２濃度を自
動制御しているために、避難室２内に多数の避難者が入
室しくも、空気の汚れはなく、長時間避難していること
ができる。又、通信装置Ｃも、装備されているために、
外部との連絡も可能で、外部に避難者の状況を伝えると
共に、火災状況も１口ることかでき、避難者の心理的王
室を除くことができ、適切な指示を与えることもできる
。On the other hand, the evacuation room 2 is equipped with an oxygen supply device A and a carbon dioxide removal device B, and the 02 concentration or C02 concentration in the evacuation room 2 is automatically controlled by the concentration meter attached to them. Therefore, even if a large number of evacuees enter the evacuation room 2, the air remains clean and they can remain in the evacuation room for a long time. Also, since communication device C is also equipped,
It is also possible to communicate with the outside world, and in addition to informing the outside world about the situation of evacuees, it can also tell people about the fire situation, remove the psychological burden of evacuees, and give appropriate instructions.
ところで、前記加圧装置Ｆを空気の高圧密封ボンベとす
れば、非常電源装置Ｇと電気的に接続することもなく、
又、空気浄化装置Ｅも不要となり、火災検知器１０等よ
りの信号により、上記ボンベの弁を開として、前室１及
び避難室２へ圧力空気を送ることができろ。By the way, if the pressurizing device F is a high-pressure sealed cylinder of air, there is no need to electrically connect it to the emergency power supply device G.
Furthermore, the air purification device E is no longer necessary, and the valve of the cylinder can be opened in response to a signal from the fire detector 10, etc., and pressurized air can be sent to the front room 1 and the evacuation room 2.
又、前室１及び避難室２の扉５，６にその開閉により作
動するリミットスイッチを設け、このリミットスイッチ
と、外部にある監視センターの報知器と連結したシェル
タ−使用検知装置を付設すると、監視センターにて、シ
ェルタ−が使用されているかどうか認識できるようにな
る。In addition, limit switches that are activated by opening and closing the doors 5 and 6 of the front room 1 and the evacuation room 2 are installed, and a shelter use detection device that is connected to the limit switch and the alarm of the monitoring center outside is attached. The monitoring center will be able to recognize whether the shelter is being used or not.
更に、前記酸素供給装置Ａ及び炭酸ガス除去装置Ｂを手
動により操作できるものとしてもよく、通１３装買Ｃち
電池式のものとしてもよい。そして、避難室内に、外部
に設置したカメラにて、シェルタ−外部状況を知ること
ができるモニターテレビを設置すれば、火災状況をシェ
ルタ−内で知ることができ、適切な時期にシェルタ−よ
り出て避難することができる。Further, the oxygen supply device A and the carbon dioxide removal device B may be manually operated, or may be battery-operated. If you install a monitor TV in the evacuation room that allows you to know the situation outside the shelter using a camera installed outside, you will be able to know the fire situation inside the shelter, and you will be able to leave the shelter at the appropriate time. You can evacuate.
発明の効果
以上の説明より明らかなように、この発明のシェルタ−
は、火災発生時、シェルタ−の前室及び避難室内に加圧
空気が送入され、しかも前室の扉と″ａ難空の扉は、そ
のうち一方しか開とならないために、避難室へ火災によ
る煙等が侵入することはなく、又、避！空には、酸素供
給装置や炭酸ガス除去装置を装備したため、避難者が多
数でも長時間シェルタ−内で避難することができ、更に
通信装置も設けられているため、外部との連絡もできて
、避難者の状況を外部に伝えることができ、シェルタ−
から出る際の適切な指示を受けることができると共に、
火災状況も的確に知ることができて避難者の心理的な不
安を除くことができるという優れた効果も有するもので
ある。Effects of the invention As is clear from the above explanation, the shelter of this invention
In the event of a fire, pressurized air is pumped into the shelter's front room and the evacuation room, and only one of the front room door and the ``Nakku'' door can be opened, so the fire may not reach the evacuation room. In addition, the shelter is equipped with an oxygen supply device and a carbon dioxide removal device, so even if there are a large number of evacuees, they can remain in the shelter for a long time. Since the shelter is also equipped with a
In addition to receiving appropriate instructions for exiting the
It also has the excellent effect of being able to accurately know the fire situation and alleviating the psychological anxiety of evacuees.
Claims (1)
前記前室に入室用の気密、耐火性を有する扉を設けると
共に、前室と避難室間に気密、耐火性を有する扉を設け
、これらの扉の錠装置に一方の扉が開状態である時、他
方の扉の錠をロックするロック制御装置を設け、火災信
号により作動され、前記前室及び避難室に加圧空気を供
給する加圧空気供給装置を付設すると共に避難室に酸素
供給装置、炭酸ガス除去装置、通信装置、外部監視装置
等の安全確保装置を備えたことを特徴とする火災避難用
シェルター。It consists of a front room and an evacuation room that are sealed with fire-resistant materials.
An air-tight, fire-resistant door for entering the front room is provided, and an air-tight, fire-resistant door is provided between the front room and the evacuation room, and one door is in an open state with a locking device for these doors. At the same time, a lock control device is provided to lock the other door, and a pressurized air supply device that is activated by a fire signal and supplies pressurized air to the front room and the evacuation room is provided, as well as an oxygen supply device to the evacuation room. A fire evacuation shelter characterized by being equipped with safety devices such as a carbon dioxide removal device, a communication device, and an external monitoring device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5832686A JPH0652017B2 (en) | 1986-03-18 | 1986-03-18 | Fire evacuation shelter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5832686A JPH0652017B2 (en) | 1986-03-18 | 1986-03-18 | Fire evacuation shelter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62215779A true JPS62215779A (en) | 1987-09-22 |
| JPH0652017B2 JPH0652017B2 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
Family
ID=13081172
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5832686A Expired - Lifetime JPH0652017B2 (en) | 1986-03-18 | 1986-03-18 | Fire evacuation shelter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0652017B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0648695U (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-07-05 | 繼 林 許 | Fireproof evacuation room |
| JP2020065945A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-30 | 株式会社レブセル | Carbon dioxide removal device |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101306151B1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-09-10 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Restroom system of high-rise building as fire-refuge compartment, and operating method thereof |
| KR101355175B1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2014-01-28 | (주)융도엔지니어링 | Fire shelter system using the rest rooms of the higher buildings |
-
1986
- 1986-03-18 JP JP5832686A patent/JPH0652017B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0648695U (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-07-05 | 繼 林 許 | Fireproof evacuation room |
| JP2020065945A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-30 | 株式会社レブセル | Carbon dioxide removal device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0652017B2 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
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