JPH0241180A - Fireproof shelter capsule - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to take refuge without confusion on the occasion of a fire's breaking out by covering the outside and the inside surface of a layer of an inorganic heat insulating material with a metal sheet such as an iron sheet or a steel sheet, etc., and by providing seats, an emergency lamp and a power source for it in a capsule. CONSTITUTION:A capsule body A' is provided with a pair of chair-formed sheets 7, 7 at the inmost side of it, and an on-and-off switch 12 for an incandescent light bulb 11 for emergency at the opening edge of the entrance side, and a circuit for the electric bulb 11 is closed when a door A'' is opened. Further, the ceiling is equipped with a fluorescent light 13 for emergency on the inside of it and an alarm lamp and alarm buzzer 14 on the outside of it, the circuit of which is closed by a switch board 15 on the floor surface. The capsule body A' and the door A'' have a special heat insulating construction, which is foamed with silica and cement as main components and of which an inorganic fireproof board 19 and a plaster board 20 with the specific gravity 0.6 are placed upon one after another to make a layer of an inorganic heat insulating material (a), the outside and the inside surface of which are covered with a metal sheet 21 such as an iron sheet or a steel sheet, etc.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention enables people to evacuate until emergency extinguishing and rescue when an evacuation route is blocked or the evacuation route is lost in the event of a fire outbreak. Relating to the provision of fireproof capsules.

(Prior art) In preparation for the outbreak of fire, it is mandatory to install various fire extinguishing equipment or evacuation equipment, and various facilities such as buildings are required to have fire prevention measures such as fire shutters and sprinklers, and evacuation routes such as emergency stairs. In many cases, it is compulsory to install fire safety equipment, so that it can adequately respond to fires caused by boat fishing.

In addition, important documents, banknotes, and securities are stored in fireproof safes so that they will not be destroyed in the event of a normal fire.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, with conventional fire prevention equipment, the fire prevention function is often lost when the number of fires that occur exceeds a certain limit, and various evacuation devices often become unusable. Ta.

In particular, emergency stairs may be locked inside for security reasons, and flammable items may be placed near the emergency stairs, or even the emergency passage itself may be used as a place to store goods. In many cases, they did not function as passageways.

Additionally, if you are staying at an unfamiliar hotel, inn, etc., it is often difficult to quickly find an emergency exit and evacuate, and this tends to cause many problems, especially if a fire breaks out while you are sleeping at night. Ta.

Furthermore, if there is an elderly or sick person who is physically unable to make an emergency evacuation in the event of a fire, or if there is an infant who has difficulty making appropriate emergency evacuation decisions in the event of a fire, there are evacuation options available. Despite this, there were many cases of people burning to death or suffering from gas poisoning.

The fireproof evacuation capsule according to the present invention enables emergency evacuation within the scene of a fire in the event of a fire outbreak, and prevents burn-out accidents, gas poisoning accidents, or injuries caused by falling objects during evacuation. The purpose is to prevent accidents such as falls.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A fireproof evacuation capsule according to the present invention has the following configuration as a means for achieving the above object. First, the capsule consists of a capsule body and an opening/closing door for entry and exit, and both the capsule body and the opening/closing door have multiple layers of heat insulating material.

This insulating material layer is made of two or more types of inorganic insulating materials with different properties, and these inorganic insulating materials are laminated in multiple layers, and the outer surface of the capsule and the opening/closing door are and.

The inner surface is covered with metal plates such as iron or steel plates, and the above-mentioned heat insulating material layer is sandwiched between the metal plates to create a reinforcing structure.

Inside the capsule constructed in this way, there are prepared a seat shaped like a chair, an emergency light, and a power source such as a storage battery or a dry cell battery necessary to turn on the emergency light.

(Function) The fireproof evacuation capsule according to the present invention has a take-up configuration, and can be used when a fire breaks out and the escape route is cut off, when toxic gas is generated, or when the fire escape capsule escapes through flames. If it is difficult to evacuate, or if emergency evacuation is not possible due to the elderly, young, sick, etc., enter the capsule, close the door, and evacuate inside the capsule until the fire is extinguished.

(Embodiment) A typical embodiment of the fireproof evacuation capsule according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Capsule A is composed of a capsule body A° and an opening/closing door A''. Capsule A is preferably box-shaped rectangular or cubic from both manufacturing and installation perspectives. , other shapes such as a cylindrical shape or a dome shape may be used.

First, the capsule A shown in Fig. 1 is the capsule body A.
° is box-shaped with an opening at the front, and door A is located in this opening.
`` is attached with a hinge etc. so that it can be opened and closed, and on the inside surface of the HA `` there is a grip 1 for opening and closing the door A'',
Appropriate items such as an emergency medical kit 2 and a radio cassette 3 are installed. Then, on the inside surface of the door A'', a manual on the evacuation specifications and a manual 4 on how to use the equipment inside the capsule A are placed in a place where those who evacuated into the capsule A can see it best. In addition, a hook 5 with a spring is provided on the door A'' in order to elastically bring the HA'' into close contact with the opening edge of the capsule body A° after evacuating into the capsule A. A knob 6 for opening and closing the door A'' is provided on the outside of the door A''.

Next, the capsule body A° has a pair of chair-shaped seats 7.7 installed on the inner back side, and a compressed air cylinder 8, a smoke mask 9, a storage battery, and a compressed air cylinder 8, a smoke mask 9, a storage battery, A battery such as a dry battery and appropriate tools such as a crowbar and a hammer are stored. In addition, a switch 12 for blinking the emergency incandescent light bulb 11 is provided on the opening edge of the capsule body A° on the entrance side, and the light bulb 11 is turned off when the door A'' is open.
The circuit is closed. In addition, an emergency fluorescent light 13 is installed inside the ceiling of the capsule body A゛, and an alarm lamp/warning buzzer 14 is installed outside the ceiling, both of which are installed on the floor of the capsule body A゛. These circuits are closed by pressing a certain switch plate 15. Further, a pressure relief valve 16 is provided on the ceiling of the capsule body A', so that air is released only when the pressure inside the capsule body A' becomes high.

And on the side wall of the capsule body A° is a lever handle 17.
is prepared, and the hook 5 is hooked to the free end of this lever handle 17 to pull the door A'' into the capsule body A'.
The method to narrow down the hook 5 with a spring in 7 is ff
1A" has the advantage of being elastically adhered to the side of the capsule body A°, and by pulling the knob 6 forcefully from the outside, the door A" can be forcibly pulled, facilitating rescue by emergency teams. It has the advantage of

Further, the capsule main body A° has a fixing plate 18 to prevent falls and other accidents, and is fixed to a concrete wall or the like using a hole anchor or the like.

The capsule body A° and the door A'', which have the above structure, have a special heat insulating structure, and Figure 3 shows a typical structure, which is made by foaming silica stone and cement as the main components. , inorganic fireproof board 19 (power board manufactured by Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd.) having a specific gravity of 0.6 and gypsum board 20 are sequentially stacked to form an inorganic heat insulating layer a, and the outside of this inorganic heat insulating layer a is and the inner surface are covered and reinforced with a metal plate 21 such as iron or steel plate.

In the illustrated embodiment, a 37+nm refractory board 19 is provided at the center.
12aI+n plasterboard 20.2 on both sides.
0 are arranged in two layers, and 37+nm fireproof boards 19 are placed on both sides of this gypsum board 20, and then covered with a metal plate 21 made of a 3mm iron plate for reinforcement.

The capsule main body A constructed in this manner.

and ff! A" means that when this capsule A is heated at 1500℃ for 5 hours, the temperature inside capsule A is 5℃ compared to before heating.
No smoke was observed to have entered Capsule A.

The heat insulating properties are such that the surface of the heat insulator layer a is covered with a metal plate 21, which reliably prevents the occurrence of convection between the outside air and the heat insulator layer a, and the specific gravity is 0.6. This is due to the fact that the fireproof boards 19, which are lightweight, have a high degree of foaming, and have high heat insulating properties, are each blocked by the plasterboard 20, effectively preventing the occurrence of convection between the fireproof boards 19 and 19. This also effectively prevents the infiltration of smoke caused by fire.

Furthermore, since the heat insulating material layer a is covered with the metal plate 21 and has a substantially box shape, the heat insulating material layer a is protected by the metal plate 21, so that the heat insulating material layer a is damaged or cracked. Never.

In addition, in order to prevent the heat generated by the fire from being transmitted to the inside of the capsule A as much as possible, it is ideal to have a structure in which the outer metal plate 21 that protects the insulation layer a and the inner metal plate 21 do not come into contact with each other as much as possible. However, to the extent that it is unavoidable for the purpose of reinforcing the door A'', this outer metal plate 21 and the inner metal plate 2
1 may be connected.

In addition, it is best to make the fit between WIA'' and the capsule body A° into a multi-step shape as shown in Figure 3, and in this case the insulation and airtightness are better than when fitting with a normal door. Furthermore, it is preferable to cover the edge surfaces of this ff1A'' and the capsule body A° with a reinforcing member having low thermal conductivity other than metal, thereby making it possible to reinforce the edge surfaces.

In addition, in order to prevent the intrusion of generated harmful gases, a fire-resistant adhesive 22 such as gelatin-based adhesive that does not generate toxic gases is prepared to seal the gap between the door A'' and the capsule body A°. Seal it.

In the fireproof evacuation capsule A according to the present invention, when the door A'' is opened, the light bulb 11 blinks and the inside of the capsule A can be clearly observed. When a person evacuates inside the capsule A in this state, the switch plate 15 is pressed. The fluorescent lamp 13 and the alarm lamp/warning buzzer 14 are activated.As a result, there is no problem even if the door A'' is closed and the light bulb 11 is turned off, and furthermore, there is no problem outside even if the door A'' is closed and the light bulb 11 is turned off. It is obvious from this.

Also, at this time, if the radio cassette 3 is closed using the switch plate 15, the person evacuated to the capsule A can easily understand the operations to be performed inside the capsule A or the matters necessary for evacuation. You can check it by ear, eliminating the need to read the manual step by step.

The person who evacuated to Capsule A should sit on seat 7, pull JIA'' with grip 1, and move hook 5 to lever handle 1.
7, rotate the handle 17 to bring 5jA'' into close contact with the opening of the capsule body A°.Also, if necessary, spray the adhesive liquid 22 into the gap between the door A'' and the capsule body A°. Make a sticker.

In this state, the patient checks the manual 4 prepared on the side of the "IIA", uses the emergency medical kit 2 to provide first aid for wounds, etc., and also checks external news etc. on the radio cassette 3.

Furthermore, if it is thought that smoke or toxic gas has entered the capsule A, the mask 9 is used and the valve of the compressed air cylinder 8 is released. As this valve is released, the air pressure inside the capsule increases, and the pressure relief valve 16 operates to discard the air inside the capsule A. This compressed air is also used when the amount of oxygen in the capsule A decreases, allowing continuous evacuation within the capsule over a long period of time.

If an emergency team comes in such a situation, the emergency team will be able to easily confirm the location of Capsule A and whether there are people evacuated inside Capsule A by using the warning lamp/warning buzzer 14. Rescue is facilitated. In particular, when a rescuer pulls knob 6 forcefully (this makes it easy for evacuees to see, the person who evacuated to capsule A can simply wait inside capsule A until door A'' is forced open). There is no need to perform operations in advance for rescue.

(Effects) Considering the structure of the fireproof evacuation capsule according to the present invention, even in the event of a fire, it is possible to evacuate carefully without panic because emergency evacuation facilities are nearby.

Particularly when it is impossible to evacuate outdoors, such as when emergency stairs are covered with fire or hallways are filled with smoke and are dangerous, forced evacuation can be avoided.

For this reason, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of burns to death, crashes, and injuries caused by forced evacuation, as well as various accidents caused by smoke inhalation.

It is also ideal as an evacuation means when there are evacuees who are difficult to evacuate using emergency stairs, such as the elderly or the sick.

From the above points, the fireproof evacuation capsule according to the present invention is suitable for installation and use in ordinary homes, as well as hotels, inns, and various high-rise buildings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a fireproof evacuation capsule according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same, and Fig. 3 is an IFIA
It is a sectional view showing the heat insulating material layer portion of the closed part of ". In the figure, 1...Grip, 2...Emergency medical set, 3...Radio cassette, 4...Instruction manual, 5.・・・
Hook, 6... Knob, 7... Seat, 8... Compressed air cylinder, 9... Smoke mask, IO... Battery, 11... Light bulb, 12... Switch, 13 ...
Fluorescent light, 14...Alarm lamp and alarm buzzer, I5...
・Switch board, 16...Pressure relief valve, 17...Lever handle, 18...Fixing plate, 19...Fireproof board, 2G...Gypsum board, 21...Metal plate, 22...
...adhesive liquid.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A capsule having an opening/closing door for entry/exit, wherein the capsule body and the opening/closing door are made of two or more layers of inorganic heat insulating materials having different properties and laminated in multiple layers, and the inorganic At least the outer and inner surfaces of the system heat insulating material layer are covered with a metal plate such as an iron plate or a steel plate, and a seat, an emergency light, and a power source for the emergency light are provided in the capsule. A fireproof evacuation capsule characterized by: