JPS6211058A - Feed for aquatic and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application] The present invention relates to feed for aquatic animals including fish and crustaceans living in seawater and freshwater.

[Background of the Invention] It is now common knowledge to raise aquatic animals with compound feed produced in the same manner as household feed for land-dwelling animals. Pellets are made from ground material that is compressed under high pressure and exposed to high temperatures, which destroys certain nutrients. Furthermore, since it is compressed to form a hardened outer layer, it is suitable for animals that swallow pellets whole, but in the case of shrimp, it is very inefficient and cannot be digested. The disadvantage of pelletizing this form of feed is that certain amino acids, vitamins, and minerals that are easily soluble in water are leached into the water, unnecessarily reducing the feed value and increasing costs. If the pellets break down in the water, Hama et al. will incur significant losses, and this could lead to major problems such as water contamination. This increased contamination inhibits the growth of aquatic animals, and the resulting eutrophication precludes effective storage control assessment and growth rate prediction, increasing the risk of insect diseases.

All of the above issues apply particularly to shrimp. In particular, farmed shrimp make it easier to ingest and masticate the food on the outside of the mouth by complex movements of the delicate and sensitive oral organs, so it is possible to select the prey from among the various components of the rock debris in which the shrimp live. Very skillful. This process is made easier by the thixotropic nature of the feed material of the present invention.

Therefore, shrimp are said to be very picky and capricious, but sometimes actively feed, and the feed materials devised for shrimp must be palatable to the shrimp and have very specific requirements in terms of production, transportation and distribution costs. It must meet the requirements.

The ground material used in the production of shrimp feed often contains grains that are too large to be readily digested.

When shrimp remove feed grains from pellets, large grains are often broken off and washed away by the flow. Therefore, in addition to the problem of increasing the surface area of the pellets which increases the possibility of nutrient leaching and further pellet disintegration, there can be considerable wastage due to loss of material or rejection of large particles. This is especially true for highly valuable and sensitive young aquatic animals.

[Summary of the invention]

The object of the present invention is to overcome or substantially improve the above-mentioned disadvantages.

The present invention consists of a very finely ground material (matush) with a particle size of about 100 to about 220 microns, about 30 to 60% protein, about 0.7% water by total weight.
A water-insoluble, gel-like feed for aquatic animals is provided, characterized in that it contains 5% to about 1.75% of a gelling agent.

Additionally, the present invention provides for preparing a very fine grind having a particle size of about 100 to about 220 microns and containing about 30% to about 60% protein; .7
Substantially water-insoluble aquatic animal feed consisting of the step of adding 5% gelling agent and mixing the crushed material and gelling agent with water to form a water-insoluble gel-like body. Provides a method for manufacturing.

The gel material is a paste-like or dough-like mixture that can maintain its shape, and the gelling agent is preferably an aqueous colloid such as sodium alginate.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

〔Example〕

First, a dry, very finely ground material with a particle size of 100-220 microns is prepared. To this is mixed sodium alginate (known as Manugel). Approximately 30% water, a source of calcium Φ ions (calcium sulfate dihydrate), and a sequestering agent (tetrasodium birophosphate) are mixed into the resulting mixture. the result,
A dough with a verticality similar to bread dough was obtained, but cuts should be avoided during mixing.

The resulting dough is extruded manually or mechanically under moderate pressure into the desired shape, such as udon noodles, and dried or frozen.

Next, the components of a typical mixture used in the production of Shrimp Peripheral 9 bait are shown in the table.

vitamins, minerals, and fats may be needed.

The gelation time can be predetermined with only a few chemical adjustments due to the effect of calcium ions present as calcium sulfate. Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is used as a gelling control agent.

In other words, it has the role of determining the release rate of calcium ions. Typical gelation times are 15-30 minutes.

The proportion of alginate is about 0.75% to about 1.75% (
weight), more preferably about 1.4%
Met.

Crustacean or mollusk meat and animal pancreas extract meal can be used to degrease all or part of protein sources other than fish meat.

The analytical values of typical shrimp feed are as follows.

The present invention can be applied to aquatic animals other than shrimp. For example, when farming fish, the protein content should be 3.0% of the total weight.
% to 60%. The protein content in shrimp is 4
0% to 55%, more preferably 45% to 50%.

When the feed material is in saline water, the pelleted feed is stable for 3 to 5 days, after which it generally breaks down.

When used in fresh water, the gel automatically floats up after about 4 days due to water temperature, fermentation, and a decrease in specific gravity. On the other hand, it is possible to extend the stability period in fresh water by further adjusting the calcium ion content.

The formation of gelatinized substances is easily induced by calcium ions in seawater. When producing feed for freshwater animals, gelling can be achieved more effectively by adjusting the content of calcium ions.

This gel-like body is insoluble but soft, so by wrapping it in a medium soft enough to shred the shrimp at a rate consistent with the ingestion mechanism of the shrimp, but not leaching out the nutrients, soluble essential vitamins containing vitamins can be extracted. Prevents nutrients from leaching out.

According to the present invention, the leaching of soluble essential nutrients (particularly amino acids) is greatly reduced, and at the same time, the problem of contamination is also reduced, and the particle size is much easier to ingest into shrimp, so there is less waste. compared to traditional pelleted feeds.

The finely ground, usable material can be modified according to the needs of a particular animal, depending on its species and age, and locally sourced raw materials can also be used.

Claims (13)

[Claims] (1) Consisting of extremely finely ground material with a particle size of about 100 to about 220 microns, about 30 microns based on the total weight.
A water-insoluble, gel-like feed for aquatic animals, characterized in that it contains 60% protein, water, and about 0.75%-1.75% gelling agent. (2) The feed for aquatic animals according to claim 1, wherein the alginate is an aqueous colloid. (3) The feed for aquatic animals according to claim 2, wherein the aqueous colloid is sodium alginate. (4) The feed for aquatic animals as set forth in claim 1, wherein the feed has a consistency of paste-like or dough-like so that it can maintain its shape. (5) The feed for aquatic animals according to claim 4, wherein the feed has a consistency comparable to that of bread dough. (6) Claim 1, characterized in that the very finely ground product contains 45%-55% protein.
Feed for aquatic animals as described in section. (7) 45%-50% of the above extremely finely ground material
The feed for aquatic animals according to claim 6, characterized in that it contains protein. (8) The feed for aquatic animals according to claim 4, characterized in that the proportion of alginate is about 1.4%. (9) having a particle size of about 100 to about 220 microns;
% - preparing a very fine grind containing about 60% protein and about 0.75% - about 1.75%
and a step of mixing the ground material and the gelling agent with water to form a water-insoluble gel-like body. Method of manufacturing animal feed. (10) A patent claim characterized in that the mixture of gel-like substances is mixed into a paste-like or dough-like form that can maintain its shape, and the gelling agent is an aqueous colloid such as sodium alginate. The method described in Scope Item 9. (11) The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the ground material, alginate, and water are mixed so that the consistency of the feed is comparable to that of bread dough. 12. Process according to claim 9, characterized in that the ground product contains 45%-50% protein and the proportion of alginate is about 1.4%. (13) The method according to claim 9, wherein the gelling agent is sodium alginate.