JPS6156266A - Permanent magnet alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a permanent magnet alloy having superior magnet characteristics and a high Curie point by adding a specified metal combined optionally with a specified nonmetallic material to an Nd-Fe magnet material. CONSTITUTION:An alloy having a composition represented by formula 1 is refined. One or more among Co, Ni and Mn may be substituted for part of Fe in the composition by 0.01-0.15. The alloy is crushed, pulverized to about 3.1mum average particle size, and press-molded in a magnetic field. The molded body is sintered at 1,080 deg.C in an Ar atmosphere for 1hr, and the sintered body is quenched to room temp., heated to 650 deg.C in an Ar atmosphere, held at the temp. for 1hr, and quenched to room temp. to manufacture a permanent magnet.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a permanent magnet alloy, and more specifically, to a permanent magnet alloy.
The present invention relates to a permanent magnet alloy that can achieve excellent magnetic properties with a high degree of curriness by making the composition of the e-based alloy specific.

(Prior Art) Research and development of inexpensive magnet materials that can be substituted for permanent magnet materials containing a large amount of cobalt, such as alnico and R-Co magnets (R: rare earth metal), have been actively conducted.

R-Fe magnets are one such example, and in particular, many research results have been published on Nd-Fe magnets that use Nd, which is a relatively abundant raw material (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-4-60
08.59-64733.59-64739.59-8
5844v59-85845). These Nd-
Although Fe-based magnets have relatively good magnetic properties, N
Nd-Fe is a typical e-Fe-based magnet material.
Even with -B composition, one curie point is about 300'C, and one curie point of conventional R-Co magnet (approximately 800'C).
This is considerably lower than ℃).

In order to overcome this drawback, attempts have been made to replace part of the Fe in the Nd-Fe system with expensive Co or Ni (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-46008.59-64.733).
However, the expected results have not been achieved, and the problem is that a considerable amount of Co is required to obtain a single Curie point similar to that of an R-Co magnet, and conversely, as the amount of Co increases, the AHe decreases. There is.

(Objective of the Invention) The present invention solves the problems of the above-mentioned Nd-Fe-based magnet materials, and improves the magnetic properties, especially? The object of the present invention is to provide a Nd-Fe-based permanent magnet alloy that can have a high Curie point without causing a decrease in Hc.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors conducted various studies on various elements to be added to the Nd-Fe magnet material, and first, the coercive force of the Sm2Co F-type magnet was determined. Transition table-3 = elements that are effective for increasing the group (TV a group, Va group, Wa group), B, C, N, S
It has been found that by adding J or P in combination, the coercive force can be improved and the Curie point can be favorably increased. Based on this knowledge, we further investigated the unexpected effect of compound addition of the transition metal and other elements, and found that the outer shell electrons have a structure of 5d"6S2, which is responsible for magnetism. Although La, which has no 4f electrons and is itself non-magnetic, does not increase the Curi point by adding it together with a transition metal, the Curi point of the Nd-Fe magnet increases significantly. The present invention was made based on the discovery that the coercive force can be increased, and the coercive force can be improved rather than decreased.

That is, the feature of the present invention is that Ti, Zr, Hf%V, and Nb are used in the Nd-Fe based magnet.

One or more of Ta, Cr, Mo and W (M),
(2) A specific composition of Nd added in combination with a and one or two of B, Sj, P, C and N (X);
It is a permanent magnetic alloy having α-β-γ-δ Laα Feβ My It is a permanent magnetic alloy of composition.

These compositions will be explained in detail below.

As mentioned above, in the present invention, in the Nd-Fe system, Nd
It is based on -Fe-M, to which La and X are added.

First, setting the Fe amount β to 0.6≦β≦0.85 means that β
exceeds 0.85, Br improves, but AHe
This is because excellent (BH)IIlax cannot be obtained due to a decrease in Br, and conversely, when β is less than 0.6, Br decreases and (BH)wax decreases. Note that by substituting a part of this Fe amount β with one or more of Co, Nj, and Mn of 0.01 to 0.15, it is possible to increase the amount by one point. If it is less than 0.01, there will be no effect, and if it is replaced by more than 0.15, the magnetic properties will deteriorate or the magnet will become expensive.
Replace within the range of 0.15.

Said M (Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta
The reason why the amount γ of one or more of Cr, Mo, and W is set to 0.01≦γ≦0.1 is because if γ is less than 0.01, the improvement in the temperature coefficient of Br is small; In addition, if it exceeds 0 or 1, the above X (one or two of B, SL, P, C and N)
This is because the amount of a compound (described later) formed with the magnet (more than one species) becomes too large, degrading the magnetic properties. 0.01≦γ≦
When M is added in the range of 0.1, a part of X becomes a boride, carbide, nitride, silicide, or phosphide, and it is possible to improve AHe and the temperature coefficient of Br. It is also possible to exhibit the effects of adding T and a.

X not only brings about the combined addition effect with the above-mentioned M, but also brings about the effect of raising the temperature of a cucumber from about room temperature to 300°C or more.However, when the amount δ of X is 0.
If it is 0.01 or less, there is no such effect, and if it is 0.15 or more, Hc and Br decrease, resulting in excellent (BH)ma.
Since x cannot be obtained, it is added within the range of 0.01 and δ<0.15.

↑ By adding La in combination with M in the above-mentioned addition amount range, it is possible to significantly improve the Curie point and raise it to near the Curie point (approximately 800°C) of R-co magnets, and in particular,
He can be improved and therefore (BH)ma
bring about x's rise. The amount α of La is 0.01≦α≦0
．． The reason why it is set at 05 is that when α is less than 0.01, the effect of raising Curie by one point is small, and fHc tends to decrease (BH)m
If ax is decreased and α exceeds 0.05, the temperature at the Curie point will increase significantly, but 1. This is because TTc tends to decrease, Br decreases, and (RH)max decreases. In the case of the simple addition of T and a without the addition of M, the effect of increasing the cucumber by one point can hardly be expected; on the other hand, as the amount of La added increases, the degree of decrease in Rr increases, and the effect of adding La increases. However, the mechanism by which the combined addition of La and M produces the above-mentioned remarkable effect is not clear.

Next, examples of the present invention and comparative examples will be shown.

(Example 1) Ndo*+++ X Lax Feo*v5T"D+0
2BO*11? Alloys having the following alloy composition with varying amounts of T and a, X, were produced in a button melting furnace, then coarsely ground to about 148 mesh, and then finely ground to an average particle size of about 3.1 μm using a jet mill using nitrogen gas. Shattered.

Next, the above powder was applied to about 1 ton/c in a magnetic field of about 15 KOe.
Press molding was performed at +# pressure. Thereafter, each molded body was sintered in an Ar atmosphere at 1080°C for hr, and then rapidly cooled to room temperature. Furthermore, at 650°C in an Ar atmosphere.
X], hr, and then rapidly cooled to room temperature.

Curie point of the obtained permanent magnet and Br, TlIc, (
BFT)max is shown in FIG.

As can be seen from the figure, as the amount of La added increases, the Curie point Tc increases proportionally to -1. Hehe almost x=0
．． It rose to around 03 and then gradually decreased. On the other hand, Br shows a tendency to gradually decrease, and therefore (BH)max shows a maximum value in the addition range of 0.01 to 0.02. It can be seen that the effect of the present invention, which brings about a one-point increase in Curie as well as an increase in Hc, is remarkable.

(Example 2) Ndo, □6-xLaxF in which a part of Fe was replaced with CO and a part of Ti, H was also replaced in the alloy of 81 Example 1.
e11.70 Coo. 5'rj... 1 Cro.

, B 11 * 06 P [+ + 111] was produced and treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a permanent magnet. Similar regional characteristics are shown in Figure 2.

Comparing the results shown in the figure with Figure 1 of Example 1, it is found that Fe
It can be seen that the Curie point becomes higher because Co is added by replacing a part of the .

(Comparative Example 1) As a comparative example, Ndo, □6-XL which does not contain transition metal
ax Fco, 17110. [An alloy with a composition of 17,
A permanent magnet was obtained by manufacturing and processing in the same manner as in Example 1.

The results are shown in Figure 3, and as can be seen from the figure, when T, a, and jli tastes are added without containing transition metals, although the Curie point slightly rises to -, there is almost no effect, and on the contrary, L
As the amount of a increases, Br decreases monotonically, and the degree of decrease is also greater than in Example 1.2. Because transition metals were included, the concentration of IIc decreased.

(Comparative Example 2) Regarding the alloy of Comparative Example 1, a part of Fe was particularly replaced with CO.
! I X Cox B a +ocPo,. The alloy No. 1 was produced and treated in the same manner as in Example 1, with various amounts of CO added, to obtain permanent magnets. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, compared to Comparative Example 1, the Curie point Tc increases by 1.5% due to the addition of CO. Both He and Br are Qi
As shown by these experimental examples, the effect of the combined addition of T-a and transition metal in the present invention is as low as -1 of Curie point.
-The CO
It is clear that the effect of addition is much better than the pure effect.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from what has been described in detail below, according to the present invention, the drawbacks of conventional Nd-Fe permanent magnets can be completely eliminated, and the drawbacks that lead to deterioration of various magnetic properties can be avoided. Rather, it has improved and one point is noticeable ° 4-1 □□ 13 o 6 ~
The work is good. , Ah yo. A. It has made a great contribution in terms of technology and economics in this field, expanded demand, and had a great industrial effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Each figure shows the relationship between various properties of a permanent magnet alloy and the amount of contained components, and FIGS. 1 and 2 show the case of a permanent magnet alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. FIG. 4 shows the case of a permanent magnet as a comparative example.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A permanent magnet alloy that is an Nd-Fe based alloy and has a composition represented by the following formula. Nd_1＿＿α＿＿β＿＿γ＿＿δ Laα Feβ
Mγ Xδ However, M: Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, T
One or more elements X from a, Cr, Mo, and W: One or more elements from B, Si, P, C, and N α: 0.01≦α≦0. 05 β: 0.6≦β≦0.85 γ: 0.01≦γ≦0.1 δ: 0.01<δ<0.15 2 Nd-Fe alloy having the composition of the following formula In some cases, a part of Fe is replaced with 0.01 to 0.15 Co.
A permanent magnet alloy characterized by having a composition in which one or more of Ni and Mn are substituted. Nd_1＿＿α＿＿β＿＿γ＿＿δ Laα Feβ
Mγ Xδ However, M: Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, T
One or more elements X from a, Cr, Mo, and W: One or more elements from B, Si, P, C, and N α: 0.01≦α≦0. 05 β: 0.6≦β≦0.85 γ:0.01≦γ≦0.1 δ:0.01<δ<0.15